電氣與信息學院自動化專業畢業設計（論文）外文翻譯ELECTONICPOWERSTEERINGSYSTEMRESEARCHANDDESIGN電子動力轉向系統的研究與設計注本畢業設計（論文）外文翻譯文檔前半部分為英文部分，后半部分為中文部分。本外文翻譯由專業人員翻譯，內容詳細數據全面，得到導師的一致好評。值得大家借鑒參考。本文檔下載后為WORD版本，可按需直接編輯。ELECTRONICPOWERSTEERINGSYSTEMWHATITISELECTRICALLYPOWEREDSTEERINGUSESANELECTRICMOTORTODRIVEEITHERTHEPOWERSTEERINGHYDRAULICPUMPORTHESTEERINGLINKAGEDIRECTLYTHEPOWERSTEERINGFUNCTIONISTHEREFOREINDEPENDENTOFENGINESPEED,RESULTINGINSIGNIFICANTENERGYSAVINGSHOWITWORKSCONVENTIONALPOWERSTEERINGSYSTEMSUSEANENGINEACCESSORYBELTTODRIVETHEPUMP,PROVIDINGPRESSURIZEDFLUIDTHATOPERATESAPISTONINTHEPOWERSTEERINGGEARORACTUATORTOASSISTTHEDRIVERINELECTROHYDRAULICSTEERING,ONEELECTRICALLYPOWEREDSTEERINGCONCEPTUSESAHIGHEFFICIENCYPUMPDRIVENBYANELECTRICMOTORPUMPSPEEDISREGULATEDBYANELECTRICCONTROLLERTOVARYPUMPPRESSUREANDFLOW,PROVIDINGSTEERINGEFFORTSTAILOREDFORDIFFERENTDRIVINGSITUATIONSTHEPUMPCANBERUNATLOWSPEEDORSHUTOFFTOPROVIDEENERGYSAVINGSDURINGSTRAIGHTAHEADDRIVINGWHICHISMOSTOFTHETIMEINMOSTWORLDMARKETSDIRECTELECTRICSTEERINGUSESANELECTRICMOTORATTACHEDTOTHESTEERINGRACKVIAAGEARMECHANISMNOPUMPORFLUIDAVARIETYOFMOTORTYPESANDGEARDRIVESISPOSSIBLEAMICROPROCESSORCONTROLSSTEERINGDYNAMICSANDDRIVEREFFORTINPUTSINCLUDEVEHICLESPEEDANDSTEERING,WHEELTORQUE,ANGULARPOSITIONANDTURNINGRATEWORKINGINDETAILA“STEERINGSENSOR“ISLOCATEDONTHEINPUTSHAFTWHEREITENTERSTHEGEARBOXHOUSINGTHESTEERINGSENSORISACTUALLYTWOSENSORSINONEA“TORQUESENSOR“THATCONVERTSSTEERINGTORQUEINPUTANDITSDIRECTIONINTOVOLTAGESIGNALS,ANDA“ROTATIONSENSOR“THATCONVERTSTHEROTATIONSPEEDANDDIRECTIONINTOVOLTAGESIGNALSAN“INTERFACE“CIRCUITTHATSHARESTHESAMEHOUSINGCONVERTSTHESIGNALSFROMTHETORQUESENSORANDROTATIONSENSORINTOSIGNALSTHECONTROLELECTRONICSCANPROCESSINPUTSFROMTHESTEERINGSENSORAREDIGESTEDBYAMICROPROCESSORCONTROLUNITTHATALSOMONITORSINPUTFROMTHEVEHICLESSPEEDSENSORTHESENSORINPUTSARETHENCOMPAREDTODETERMINEHOWMUCHPOWERASSISTISREQUIREDACCORDINGTOAPREPROGRAMMED“FORCEMAP“INTHECONTROLUNITSMEMORYTHECONTROLUNITTHENSENDSOUTTHEAPPROPRIATECOMMANDTOTHE“POWERUNIT“WHICHTHENSUPPLIESTHEELECTRICMOTORWITHCURRENTTHEMOTORPUSHESTHERACKTOTHERIGHTORLEFTDEPENDINGONWHICHWAYTHEVOLTAGEFLOWSREVERSINGTHECURRENTREVERSESTHEDIRECTIONTHEMOTORSPINSINCREASINGTHECURRENTTOTHEMOTORINCREASESTHEAMOUNTOFPOWERASSISTTHESYSTEMHASTHREEOPERATINGMODESA“NORMAL“CONTROLMODEINWHICHLEFTORRIGHTPOWERASSISTISPROVIDEDINRESPONSETOINPUTFROMTHESTEERINGTORQUEANDROTATIONSENSORSINPUTSA“RETURN“CONTROLMODEWHICHISUSEDTOASSISTSTEERINGRETURNAFTERCOMPLETINGATURNANDA“DAMPER“CONTROLMODETHATCHANGESWITHVEHICLESPEEDTOIMPROVEROADFEELANDDAMPENKICKBACKIFTHESTEERINGWHEELISTURNEDANDHELDINTHEFULLLOCKPOSITIONANDSTEERINGASSISTREACHESAMAXIMUM,THECONTROLUNITREDUCESCURRENTTOTHEELECTRICMOTORTOPREVENTANOVERLOADSITUATIONTHATMIGHTDAMAGETHEMOTORTHECONTROLUNITISALSODESIGNEDTOPROTECTTHEMOTORAGAINSTVOLTAGESURGESFROMAFAULTYALTERNATORORCHARGINGPROBLEMTHEELECTRONICSTEERINGCONTROLUNITISCAPABLEOFSELFDIAGNOSINGFAULTSBYMONITORINGTHESYSTEMSINPUTSANDOUTPUTS,ANDTHEDRIVINGCURRENTOFTHEELECTRICMOTORIFAPROBLEMOCCURS,THECONTROLUNITTURNSTHESYSTEMOFFBYACTUATINGAFAILSAFERELAYINTHEPOWERUNITTHISELIMINATESALLPOWERASSIST,CAUSINGTHESYSTEMTOREVERTBACKTOMANUALSTEERINGADASHEPSWARNINGLIGHTISALSOILLUMINATEDTOALERTTHEDRIVERTODIAGNOSETHEPROBLEM,ATECHNICIANJUMPSTHETERMINALSONTHESERVICECHECKCONNECTORANDREADSOUTTHETROUBLECODESCLICKHERETOSEEABIGGERELECTRICPOWERSTEERINGSYSTEMSPROMISEWEIGHTREDUCTION,FUELSAVINGSANDPACKAGEFLEXIBILITY,ATNOCOSTPENALTYEUROPESHIGHFUELPRICESANDSMALLERVEHICLESMAKEAFERTILETESTBEDFORELECTRICSTEERING,ATECHNOLOGYTHATPROMISESAUTOMAKERSWEIGHTSAVINGSANDFUELECONOMYGAINSANDINASHORTTIME,ELECTRICSTEERINGWILLMAKEITTOTHEUS,TOO“ITSJUSTJUSTAMATTEROFTIME,“SAYSALYBADAWY,DIRECTOROFRESEARCHANDDEVELOPMENTFORDELPHISAGINAWSTEERINGSYSTEMSINSAGINAW,MICH“THEISSUEWASCOSTANDTHATSBEHINDUSNOWBY2002HEREINTHEUSTHECOSTOFELECTRICPOWERSTEERINGWILLABSOLUTELYBEAWASHOVERHYDRAULIC“TODAY,ELECTRICANDHYBRIDPOWEREDVEHICLESEV,INCLUDINGTOYOTASPRIUSANDGMSEV1,ARETHEPERFECTDOMAINFORELECTRICSTEERINGBUTBY2010,ATRWINCINTERNALSTUDYESTIMATESTHATONEOUTOFEVERYTHREECARSPRODUCEDINTHEWORLDWILLBEEQUIPPEDWITHSOMEFORMOFELECTRICALLYASSISTEDSTEERINGTHECLEVELANDBASEDSUPPLIERCLAIMSITSNEWSTEERINGSYSTEMSCOULDIMPROVEFUELECONOMYBYUPTO2MPG,WHILEENHANCINGHANDLINGTHEREARETRUEBOTTOMLINEBENEFITSASWELLFORAUTOMAKERSBYREDUCINGOVERALLCOSTSANDDECREASINGASSEMBLYTIME,SINCETHERESNONEEDFORPUMPS,HOSESANDFLUIDSANOTHERCLAIMEDADVANTAGEISSHORTENEDDEVELOPMENTTIMEFORINSTANCE,ADELPHIGROUPDEVELOPEDETUNE,ARIDEANDHANDLINGSOFTWAREPACKAGETHATCANBERUNOFFALAPTOPCOMPUTER“THEYCANTAKETHATCOMPUTERANDPLUGITIN,ATTACHITTOTHECONTROLLERANDCHANGEALLTHEHANDLINGPARAMETERSEFFORTLEVEL,RETURNABILITY,DAMPINGONTHEFLY,“BADAWYSAYS“ITUSEDTOTAKEMONTHS“DELPHIHASONEOEMCUSTOMERTHATSHOULDSTARTLOWVOLUMEPRODUCTIONIN99ELECTRICSTEERINGUNITSARENORMALLYPLACEDINONEOFTHREEPOSITIONSCOLUMNDRIVE,PINIONDRIVEANDRACKDRIVEWHICHSYSTEMWILLBECOMETHENORMISSTILLUNCLEARSHORTTERM,OEMSWILLCHOOSETHESTEERINGSYSTEMTHATISEASIESTTOINTEGRATEINTOANEXISTINGPLATFORMOBVIOUSLY,GREATERPOTENTIALCOMESFROMDESIGNINGTHESYSTEMINTOANALLNEWPLATFORM“WEHAVEALLTHREEDESIGNSUNDERCONSIDERATION,“SAYSDRHERMANSTRECKER,GROUPVICEPRESIDENTOFSTEERINGSYSTEMSDIVISIONATZFINSCHWAEBISCHGMUEND,GERMANY“ITSUPTOTHEMARKETANDOEMSWHICHVERSIONFINALLYWILLBEUSEDANDMANUFACTURED“THELARGEMANUFACTURERSHAVEALLGRABBEDHOLDOFWHATTHEYCONSIDERACORETECHNOLOGY,“EXPLAINSJAMESHANDYSIDES,TRWVICEPRESIDENT,ELECTRICALLYASSISTEDSTEERINGINSTERLINGHEIGHTS,MICHHISCOMPANYOFFERSAPORTFOLIOOFELECTRICSTEERINGSYSTEMSHYBRIDELECTRIC,RACK,PINION,ANDCOLUMNDRIVETRWORIGINALLYCONCENTRATEDONWHATITSTILLBELIEVESISTHEPURESTENGINEERINGSOLUTIONFORELECTRICSTEERINGTHERACKDRIVESYSTEMTHESYSTEMISSOMETIMESREFEREDTOASDIRECTDRIVEORBALL/NUTDRIVESTILL,THISWINTERTRWHEDGEDITSBET,FORMINGAJOINTVENTUREWITHLUCASVARITYTHEBRITISHSUPPLIERRECEIVED50MILLIONINEXCHANGEFORITSELECTRICCOLUMNDRIVESTEERINGTECHNOLOGYANDASSETSINITIALPRODUCTIONOFTHECOLUMNANDPINIONDRIVEELECTRICSTEERINGSYSTEMSISEXPECTEDTOBEGININBIRMINGHAM,ENGLAND,IN2000“WHATWELACKISTHECREDIBILITYINTHESTEERINGMARKET,“SAYSBRENDANCONNER,MANAGINGDIRECTOR,TRW/LUCASVARITYELECTRICSTEERINGLTD“THECOMBINATIONWITHTRWPROVIDESUSWITHAGOODOPPORTUNITYFORUSTOBRIDGETHATGAP“LUCASVARITYCURRENTLYHASEXPERIMENTALSYSTEMSON11DIFFERENTVEHICLETYPES,MOSTLYEUROPEANTRWISCURRENTLYSUPPLYINGITSEASSYSTEMSFORFORDANDCHRYSLEREVSINNORTHAMERICAANDFORGMSNEWOPELASTRAIN1995,ACCORDINGTODELPHI,TRADITIONALHYDRAULICPOWERSTEERINGSYSTEMSWEREON7596OFALLVEHICLESSOLDGLOBALLYTHAT37MILLIONVEHICLEPOOLCONSUMESABOUT10MILLIONGALLONSINHYDRAULICFLUIDTHATCOULDBESUPERFLUOUS,IFELECTRICSTEERINGREALLYTAKESOFFTHEPRESENTINVENTIONRELATESTOANELECTRICALLYPOWEREDDRIVEMECHAMSMFORPROVIDINGPOWEREDASSISTANCETOAVEHICLESTEERINGMECHANISMACCORDINGTOONEASPECTOFTHEPRESENTINVENTION,THEREISPROVIDEDANELECTRICALLYPOWEREDDRIVENMECHANISMFORPROVIDINGPOWEREDASSISTANCETOAVEHICLESTEERINGMECHANISMHAVINGAMANUALLYROTATABLEMEMBERFOROPERATINGTHESTEERINGMECHANISM,THEDRIVEMECHANISMINCLUDINGATORQUESENSOROPERABLETOSENSETORQUEBEINGMANUALLYAPPLIEDTOTHEROTATABLEMEMBER,ANELECTRICALLYPOWEREDDRIVEMOTORDRIVINGLYCONNECTEDTOTHEROTATABLEMEMBERANDACONTROLLERWHICHISARRANGEDTOCONTROLTHESPEEDANDDIRECTIONOFROTATIONOFTHEDRIVEMOTORINRESPONSETOSIGNALSRECEIVEDFROMTHETORQUESENSOR,THETORQUESENSORINCLUDINGASENSORSHAFTADAPTEDFORCONNECTIONTOTHEROTATABLEMEMBERTOFORMANEXTENSIONTHEREOFSOTHATTORQUEISTRANSMITTEDTHROUGHSAIDSENSORSHAFTWHENTHEROTATABLEMEMBERISMANUALLYROTATEDANDASTRAINGAUGEMOUNTEDONTHESENSORSHAFTFORPRODUCINGASIGNALINDICATIVEOFTHEAMOUNTOFTORQUEBEINGTRANSMITTEDTHROUGHSAIDSHAFTPREFERABLYTHESENSORSHAFTISNONROTATABLYMOUNTEDATONEAXIALENDINAFIRSTCOUPLINGMEMBERANDISNONROTATABLYMOUNTEDATITSOPPOSITEAXIALENDINASECONDCOUPLINGMEMBER,THEFIRSTANDSECONDCOUPLINGMEMBERSBEINGINTERENGAGEDTOPERMITLIMITEDROTATIONTHEREBETWEENSOTHATTORQUEUNDERAPREDETERMINEDLIMITISTRANSMITTEDBYTHESENSORSHAFTONLYANDSOTHATTORQUEABOVESAIDPREDETERMINEDLIMITISTRANSMITTEDTHROUGHTHEFIRSTANDSECONDCOUPLINGMEMBERSTHEFIRSTANDSECONDCOUPLINGMEMBERSAREPREFERABLYARRANGEDTOACTASABRIDGEFORDRIVINGLYCONNECTINGFIRSTANDSECONDPORTIONSOFTHEROTATINGMEMBERTOONEANOTHERPREFERABLYTHESENSORSHAFTISOFGENERALLYRECTANGULARCROSSSECTIONTHROUGHOUTTHEMAJORITYOFITSLENGTHPREFERABLYTHESTRAINGAUGEINCLUDESONEORMORESAWRESONATORSSECUREDTOTHESENSORSHAFTPREFERABLYTHEMOTORISDRIVINGLYCONNECTEDTOTHEROTATABLEMEMBERVIAACLUTCHPREFERABLYTHEMOTORINCLUDESAGEARBOXANDISCONCENTRICALLYARRANGEDRELATIVETOTHEROTATABLEMEMBERVARIOUSASPECTSOFTHEPRESENTINVENTIONWILLHEREAFTERBEDESCRIBED,WITHREFERENCETOTHEACCOMPANYINGDRAWINGS,INWHICHFIGURE1ISADIAGRAMMATICVIEWOFAVEHICLESTEERINGMECHANISMINCLUDINGANELECTRICALLYPOWEREDDRIVEMECHANISMACCORDINGTOTHEPRESENTINVENTION,FIGURE2ISAFLOWDIAGRAMILLUSTRATINGINTERACTIONBETWEENVARIOUSCOMPONENTSOFTHEDRIVEMECHANISMSHOWNINFIGURE1,FIGURE3ISANAXIALSECTIONTHROUGHTHEDRIVEMECHANISMSHOWNINFIGURE1,FIGURE4ISASECTIONALVIEWTAKENALONGLINESIVIVINFIGURE3,FIGURE5ISAMOREDETAILEDEXPLODEDVIEWOFTHEINPUTDRIVESCOUPLINGSHOWNINFIGURE3,ANDFIGURE6ISAMOREDETAILEDEXPLODEDVIEWOFTHECLUTCHSHOWINGINFIGURE3REFERRINGINITIALLYTOFIGURE1,THEREISSHOWNAVEHICLESTEERINGMECHANISM10DRIVINGLYCONNECTEDTOAPAIROFSTEERABLEROADWHEELSTHESTEERINGMECHANISM10SHOWNINCLUDESARACKANDPINIONASSEMBLY14CONNECTEDTOTHEROADWHEELS12VIAJOINTS15THEPINIONNOTSHOWNOFASSEMBLY14ISROTATABLYDRIVENBYAMANUALLYROTATABLEMEMBERINTHEFORMOFASTEERINGCOLUMN18WHICHISMANUALLYROTATEDBYASTEERINGWHEEL19THESTEERINGCOLUMN18INCLUDESANELECTRICPOWEREDDRIVEMECHANISM30WHICHINCLUDESANELECTRICDRIVEMOTORNOTSHOWNINFIGURE1FORDRIVINGTHEPINIONINRESPONSETOTORQUELOADINGSINTHESTEERINGCOLUMN18INORDERTOPROVIDEPOWERASSISTANCEFORTHEOPERATIVEWHENROTATINGTHESTEERINGWHEEL19ASSCHEMATICALLYILLUSTRATEDINFIGURE2,THEELECTRICPOWEREDDRIVEMECHANISMINCLUDESATORQUESENSOR20WHICHMEASURESTHETORQUEAPPLIEDBYTHESTEERINGCOLUMN18WHENDRIVINGTHEPINIONANDSUPPLIESASIGNALTOACONTROLLER40THECONTROLLER40ISCONNECTEDTOADRIVEMOTOR50ANDCONTROLSTHEELECTRICCURRENTSUPPLIEDTOTHEMOTOR50TOCONTROLTHEAMOUNTOFTORQUEGENERATEDBYTHEMOTOR50ANDTHEDIRECTIONOFITSROTATIONTHEMOTOR50ISDRIVINGLYCONNECTEDTOTHESTEERINGCOLUMN18PREFERABLYVIAAGEARBOX60,PREFERABLYANEPICYCLICGEARBOX,ANDACLUTCH70THECLUTCH70ISPREFERABLYPERMANENTLYENGAGEDDURINGNORMALOPERATIONANDISOPERATIVEUNDERCERTAIN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的流體。在電動液壓的指點，一個電子動力方向盤概念使用一臺電動機駕駛的一個高效率泵浦。泵浦速度是由一個電控制器調控的變化泵浦壓力和流程，提供被剪裁的指點努力為不同的駕駛的情況。泵浦可以跑在低速或關閉提供節能在大多時間在多數世界市場上直向前的駕駛期間直接電指點使用一臺電動機附加指點機架通過齒輪機構沒有泵浦或流體。各種各樣的馬達類型和齒輪驅動是可能的。微處理器控制指點動力學和司機努力。輸入包括車速和指點、輪子扭矩，角位和轉動率。工作運行時的具體細節A“指點傳感器”位于它進入傳動箱住房的輸入軸。指點傳感器實際上是在一個的二個傳感器那“扭矩的傳感器”轉換指點扭矩輸入和它的方向成電壓信號，并且那“自轉的傳感器”轉換轉動速度和方向成電壓信號。分享同一套住房的“接口”電路轉換從扭矩傳感器和自轉傳感器的信號成控制電子學可能處理的信號。從指點傳感器的輸入由那微處理器的控制單元消化也監測從車速傳感器的輸入。傳感器輸入然后被比較確定多少機械化根據一張被預編程序的“力量地圖”需要在控制單元的記憶。控制單元然后派出適當的命令對然后供給電動機以潮流的“電源裝置”。馬達推擠機架在右邊或左根據哪個方式電壓流動扭轉潮流扭轉方向馬達旋轉。增加潮流對馬達增加功率協助。系統有三種操作方式左邊或右邊機械化提供以回應從指點扭矩和自轉傳感器的輸入的輸入的“正常”控制方式被用于在完成輪以后協助指點回歸的“回歸”控制方式并且改變與車速改進路感受和挫傷傭金的“更加潮濕的”控制方式。如果方向盤被轉動，并且舉行在充分鎖位置和指點協助到達最大值，控制單元使潮流降低到電動機防止也許損壞馬達的超載情況。控制單元也被設計保護馬達以防止電壓浪涌免受一個有毛病的交流發電機或充電的問題。電子轉向控制單位有能力在自我診斷的缺點通過監測系統輸入和產品和電動機的激勵電流上。如果問題發生，控制單元通過開動在電源裝置的一個故障自動保險的中轉關閉系統。這消滅所有機械化，造成系統恢復回到手工指點。破折號EPS警告燈也被闡明警告司機。要診斷問題，技術員跳服務檢查連接器的終端并且讀出問題代碼。圖2電子動力方向盤機制當前發明與提供的供給動力的援助一電子功率驅動器馬達關連給車操縱機構。根據當前發明的一個方面，那里為提供供給動力的援助提供一個電子功率驅動器機制給有車的操縱機構一名手動地可旋轉的成員為操作操縱機構、傳動機構包括可行扭矩的傳感器感覺手動地被申請于可旋轉的成員的扭矩，一個電子功率驅動器馬達操縱著被連接到可旋轉的成員和安排控制主驅動電動機自轉速度和方向以回應從扭矩傳感器收到的信號的控制器，扭矩傳感器包括為與可旋轉的成員的連接適應的傳感器軸形成引伸因此，以便扭矩通過前述傳感器軸被傳送，當時可旋轉的成員被轉動，并且應變儀在導致的信號傳感器軸手動地登上表示通過前述軸被傳送的相當數量扭矩。圖3傳感器軸不旋轉更好地登上在一個軸向末端在第一名聯結成員和不旋轉地登上在它的相反軸向末端在第二名聯結成員，第一和第二名聯結成員相互允諾允許有限的自轉之間連接，以便在一個被預先決定的極限之下的扭矩由僅傳感器軸傳送，并且，以便在前述被預先決定的極限之上的扭矩通過第一和第二名聯結成員被傳送。更適宜地安排第一和第二名聯結成員作為操縱的連接的第一和第二個部分的一座橋梁互相的旋轉式成員。合適的傳感器軸是通常在多數的長方形橫斷面它的長度中。應變儀包括一個或更多的適應地看見了諧振器綁到傳感器軸上。好的馬達操縱的被連接到可旋轉的成員通過傳動器。馬達更好地包括一個工具箱和同心地被安排相對可旋轉的成員。當前發明的VARIOUS方面此后將描述，關于伴隨的圖畫，圖1是一個車操縱機構的一個圖表看法包括一個電子功率驅動器機制根據當前發明，圖2是說明在圖顯示的傳動機構的各種各樣的組分的之間流程圖互作用1上，圖3是一個軸截面通過在圖顯示的傳動機構1，圖4上是一張截面圖被采取沿著線IVIV在表3，圖5是在圖顯示的輸入推進聯結的一張更加詳細的分解圖3上，和圖6是顯示在表3的傳動器的一張更加詳細的分解圖。圖1的最初REFERRING，那里顯示一個車操縱機構10操縱的被連接到一個對易操縱的路輪子12。這個顯示的操縱機構包括一個齒條和齒輪匯編14被連接到路輪子12通過聯接15。鳥翼末端沒顯示匯編14可旋轉地駕駛一名手動地可旋轉的成員以駕駛桿18的形式哪些由方向盤19手動地轉動。這個駕駛桿18包括包括一臺電主驅動電動機的一個電力的傳動機構30沒顯示在駕駛的鳥翼末端圖1上以回應在駕駛桿18的扭矩裝貨為了為機械人員提供力量援助，當轉動方向盤19時。如概要地