Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero一、刷黑板——eq\a\vs4\al(詞匯全聽寫先過識記默寫關)Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽寫]1．meanadj. 吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的2．generousadj. 慷慨的；大方的3．easy-goingadj. 隨和的；溫和寬容的4．selfn. 自我；自身5．selfishadj. 自私的6．selflessadj. 無私的；忘我的7．selflesslyadv. 無私地；忘我地[第二屏聽寫]8．invadern． 侵略者9．republicn. 共和國；共和政體10．principlen. 法則；原則；原理11．livelihoodn. 生計；謀生12．mankindn. 人類13．lawyern. 律師14．legaladj. 法律的；依照法律的15．feen. 費(會費、學費等)；酬金[第三屏聽寫]16．leaguen． 同盟；聯盟；聯合會17．YouthLeague 青年團18．quoten. 引用語；語錄19．releasevt. 釋放；發行20．blanketn. 毛毯；毯子21．terrorn. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時期；恐怖活動22．anti-[前綴] 反；抗；阻23．anti-blackadj. 反黑人的[第四屏聽寫]Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)1．qualityn． 質量；品質；性質2．warm-heartedadj. 熱心腸的3．activeadj. 積極的；活躍的4．devotevt. (與to連用)獻身；專心于5．devotedadj. 忠實的；深愛的6．foundvt. 建立；建設7．peacefuladj. 和平的；平靜的；安寧的8．hopefuladj. 懷有希望的；有希望的[第五屏聽寫]9．youthn． 青年；青年時期10．guidancen. 指導；領導11．stagen. 舞臺；階段；時期12．votevt.&vi. 投票；選舉n. 投票；選票；表決13．attackvt. 進攻；攻擊；抨擊14．equaladj. 相等的；平等的15．willingadj. 樂意的；自愿的[第六屏聽寫]16．unfairadj. 不公正的；不公平的17．escapevi.&vt. 逃脫；逃走；避開；泄露18．educatevt. 教育；訓練19．educatedadj. 受過教育的；有教養的20．begvi. 請求；乞求21．relativen. 親戚；親屬22．rewardn. 報酬；獎金vt. 酬勞；獎賞[第七屏聽寫]23．sentencevt. 判決；宣判24．presidentn. 總統；會長；校長；行長25．opinionn. 意見；看法；主張26．violencen. 暴力；暴行27．crueltyn. 殘忍；殘酷28．out_of_work 失業29．as_a_matter_of_fact 事實上[第八屏聽寫]30．blow_up 使充氣；爆炸31．in_trouble 在危險、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中32．turn_to 求助于；致力于33．lose_heart 喪失勇氣或信心34．e_to_power 當權；上臺35．set_up 設立；建立36．be_sentenced_to 被判處……(徒刑)

二、刷清單——eq\a\vs4\al(熱身自盤點再過基本應用關)(一)核心單詞閱讀單詞1.meanadj.吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的2．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的3．republicn.共和國；共和政體4．principlen.法則；原則；原理5．mankindn.人類6.lawyern．律師7．legaladj.法律的；依照法律的8．blanketn.毛毯；毯子9．terrorn.恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時期；恐怖活動10．invadern.侵略者11.livelihoodn.生計；謀生12．feen．費(會費、學費等)；酬金13．leaguen.同盟；聯盟；聯合會14．quoten.引用語；語錄15．releasevt.釋放；發行表達單詞1.qualityn．質量；品質；性質2．warm-heartedadj.熱心腸的3．foundvt.建立；建設4．hopefuladj.懷有希望的；有希望的5．youthn.青年；青年時期6．votevt.&vi.投票；選舉n.投票；選票；表決7．escapevi.&vt.逃脫；逃走；避開；泄露8．rewardn.報酬；獎金vt.酬勞；獎賞9．presidentn.總統；會長；校長；行長10．opinionn.意見；看法；主張11．stagen.舞臺；階段；時期12．attackvt.進攻；攻擊；抨擊13．willingadj.樂意的；自愿的14．begvi.請求；乞求[語境活用]1．TsinghuaUniversity,founded(建立)in1911,isoneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.2．Ourpanyismoreconcernedwithquality(質量)thanquantity.3．Theymanagedtoescape(逃脫)fromtheburningbuildingbybreakingdownthedoor.4．Thegovernmentrewarded(獎賞)himforsavingtheoldmaninthewell.5．Blackpeoplecouldnotvote(投票)orchoosetheirleaders.6．Wemayhavedifferentopinions(看法)inorganizingclassactivities.7．Chinaisplayinganimportantroleontheinternationalpoliticalstage(舞臺)．拓展單詞1.activeadj.積極的；活躍的→activelyadv.積極地；活躍地→activityn．活動2．devotevt.獻身；專心于→devotedadj.忠實的；深愛的→devotionn．關愛；獻身；奉獻；忠誠3．peacefuladj.和平的；平靜的；安寧的→peacefullyadv.和平地→peacen．和平；平靜；和睦4．guidancen．指導；領導→guidevt.帶領；引導n．向導5．violencen．暴力；暴行→violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violentlyadv.猛烈地；劇烈地6．equaladj.相等的；平等的→equalityn．平等；相等→equallyadv.同樣地；相等地；公平地7．educatevt.教育；訓練→educatedadj.受過教育的；有教養的→educationn．教育→educatorn．教育工作者；教育家[語境活用]1．Inordertogiveheragoodeducation,_herparentssenthertoafamousschooltobeeducated.(educate)2．Chinaisknowntobeapeacefulcountry.It'sbeenamodelofpeaceintheworld.(peace)3．Bethune,adevotedfriendofChinese,devotedhislifetohelpingChinese.Ireallyrespecthisdevotiontomedicalwork.(devote)4．Allmenarebornequal,_soeveryonehopestobetreatedequallybecauseequalityisthebasicdemand.(equal)5．Hecriticizedviolentlythatthegovernmentdidlittletostoptheviolenceinthecountry.(violent)(二)常用短語寫準記牢語境活用(選用左欄短語填空)1.out_of_work失業2．as_a_matter_of_fact事實上3．blow_up使充氣；爆炸4．in_trouble在危險、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中5．turn_to求助于；致力于6．lose_heart喪失勇氣或信心7．e_to_power當權；上臺8．set_up設立；建立9．be_sentenced_to被判處……(徒刑)10．be_willing_to_do_sth._愿意做某事11．be_in_prison蹲監獄12．in_one's_opinion在某人看來1.Manyuniversitystudentsdreamofsetting_uptheirownpaniesaftergraduating.2．Don'tlose_heart!Tryagainandyouwillgetwhatyouwant.3．Accordingtothereport,thenewpresidentwille_to_powerattheverybeginningofnextmonth.4．Becausehehasbeenout_of_workformonths,theyoungmannowdependsonhisparentsforaliving.5．However,whenitissomethingbeyondmypetence,Iturn_tomyclassmatesorteachersforhelp.6．Iknewwewerein_trouble_whentheelevatorstopped.7．As_a_matter_of_fact,_thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdayistrue.(三)經典句式原句背誦句式解構佳句仿寫1.Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過去30年來所出現的大量法律剝奪我們的權利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權利都沒有的階段。擬人修辭手法。主語是時間或地點名詞，謂語是see,find等動詞，表示經歷或目睹了某事。近幾年一些環境災難大規模地出現，專家們預測更壞的局面即將來臨。The_last_few_years_have_seenenvironmentaldisastersonagrandscale,andexpertsarepredictingfarworsetoe.2onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。only修飾狀語放在句首，句子用部分倒裝。事實上，只有不斷地行動，不斷地調整計劃，我們才能達到我們的最終目標。(2016·浙江高考寫作)Actually,only_by_getting_moving_and_constantly_adjusting_the_plan_can_we_achieveourfinalgoal.3.IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團作講解時，我的心情很不好。thefirsttime“第一次……”，引導時間狀語從句。他第一次看見瑪麗就愛上她了。HefellinlovewithMarythe_first_time_he_sawher.(四)初中考點再回顧高頻考查類——記熟文化差異類——辨清易忘易錯類——勤覽1.be_different_from與……不同2．be_hard_on_sb.對某人苛刻；對某人要求嚴厲3．be_kind_to_sb.對某人友好4．be_necessary_to_do_sth.有必要做某事5．be_patient_with對……有耐心6．bepatientofsth.容忍某物e_true實現2．take_a_message_捎口信3．keep_a_diary寫日記4．haveagreatday過得愉快5．Wetpaint!油漆未干！6．beuptosb.由某人決定1.gotothemovie/cinema看電影2．gotoschool上學3．gotocollege上大學4．eatwell吃得好5．tastegood好吃6．makeafire生火一、過重點單詞——eq\a\vs4\al(縱引橫聯超人一點)1．devotevt.(與to連用)獻身；專心于[高考佳句]IfeelthatI'vebeengivenasecondlifetodevotetosomethingthatismeaningfulandenormous.我感覺我被給予另一種生活去致力于做一些有意義而又偉大的事。ote...to... 把……奉獻于……devoteoneselfto 獻身于……；致力于……(2)devotedadj. 忠實的；深愛的bedevotedto(doing)sth. 專心于……；奉獻于……(3)devotionn. 關愛；獻身；奉獻；忠誠[多角練透]單句語法填空①Oncemarried,Joedevotedherlife_to_lookingafterchildrenandbeingafull-timehomemaker.②Devoting(devote)herself/Devoted(devote)toteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.補全句子③Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyouare_fully_devoted_toyourwork.除非你完全專注于你的工作，不然你永遠不會獲得成功。用devote的相關短語完成小片段LiLeiis④my_devoted_friend(我忠實的朋友).Sincegraduation,he⑤has_been_devoted_to/has_devoted_himself_to(致力于)improvingtheeducationofthelocalpeople.Inadditiontoteaching,he⑥has_devoted_a_lot_of_time_to_raising_money(已把大量時間用于籌集資金)tobuildmoreschools.⑦His_devotion_to(他對……的奉獻)thisworkmovesthepeopledeeply.以下短語中to是介詞，不是不定式符號，后接動詞時應用動名詞形式。①lookforwardtodoingsth. 盼望做某事②objecttodoingsth. 反對做某事③getdowntodoingsth. 開始做某事④payattentiontodoingsth. 注意做某事⑤be/getused/accustomedtodoingsth. 習慣于做某事eq\a\vs4\al([聯想發散])2．votevt.&vi.投票；選舉n.投票；選票；表決[經典例句]AftertheBrexitvote,alotofdiscussionshaveariseninEuropeanUnion.在英國脫歐公投后，歐盟中掀起了很多爭論。votefor 投票支持voteagainst 投票反對voteon 投票表決[題點全練]單句語法填空①Hewasgratefultothosesupporterswhovotedforhim.②Whetheryouvotefororagainsttheplandoesn'tseemtomatterverymuch.③Aswecan'tagreeonthismatter,let'svoteonit.3．equaladj.相等的；平等的；同等的；勝任的vt.等于；抵得上n.同等的人；相等物[教材原句]ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.但是我很樂意幫忙因為我知道那將幫助我們實現使黑人和白人平等的夢想。sth./doingltosth./doingsth. 等于/勝任(做)某事withoutequal 無與倫比sb./sth.sb./sth.in(doing)sth. 在(做)某事上比得過、敵得過某人/物(2)equalityn. 平等；相等equallyadv. 相等地；公平地；同樣地[多角練透]單句語法填空①Anymanwillbeequaltothetask,solongasheiscareful.Youshouldgiveitatry.②It'ssaidthatnobodycanequalhiminintelligence.③Menandwomenmustbetreatedequally(equal)ineducationandemployment.單句寫作④其次，要積極向上和開心，因為你的心理健康和身體健康同等重要。(2014·江西高考書面表達)Foranother,bepositiveandcheerful,foryourmentalhealthis_equal_to_your_physical_health.[聯想發散]表示“勝任……”的其他常見表達：①beupto②befitfor③bequalifiedfor4．escapevi.&vt.逃脫；逃走；避開；泄露；被遺忘n.逃脫[教材原句]Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped.那是一座任何人也逃不出去的監獄。(1)escape(doing)sth. 逃避(做)某事escapefrom 從……逃脫；逃避(2)anarrowescape 九死一生；死里逃生[多角練透]單句語法填空①Heescapedbeing_killed(kill)intheexplosionbecausehehadnotgonetowork.②Seeingthepoisonousgasescapingfromthebrokenpipe,hesoundedthealarm.寫出加黑單詞在語境中的含義③Boblookedbackonlytofindanoldclassmatewhosenameescapedhimforthemoment.被遺忘5．rewardn．報酬；獎金vt.酬勞；獎賞[經典例句]Maketheextraefforttoimpressthebuyerandyouwillberewardedwithaquickersale.多用心去打動顧客，貨物就會更快售出。(1)asareward(for...) 作為(對……的)報酬/獎賞inrewardfor 為酬謝……；作為……的獎勵(2)rewardsb.with...forsth. 為某事而用……酬謝某人(3)rewardingadj. 值得做的；有益的；有意義的[多角練透]單句語法填空①Wegavehimagiftasarewardforhiskindness.②Hereceivedamedalinrewardforhisbravery.③Theyrewardedthewinnerswithgiftsoffruitsandflowerswhenthematchended.單句寫作④你提到你教我英語作為回報，這恰恰正是我想要的。(2015·四川高考書面表達)Youmentionedthatyou_could_teach_me_English_as_a_reward,_whichisexactlywhatIwant.Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Thetownwasfounded(建立)byEnglishsettlersin1970.2．Itseemsunfair(不公平的)tomakehimpayforeverything.3．Thechildrenareatdifferentstages(階段)ofdevelopment.4．Ifeelhopeful(有希望的)thatwe'llfindagoodhouse.5．Activitiesalltakeplaceundertheguidance(指導)ofafamousexpert.6．It'smyprinciple(原則)tobehonestandkind-hearted.7．Itwasgenerous(大方的)ofhimtopayforusboth.8．Althoughheisnearly80,heisstillveryactive(積極的)．9．Asamatteroffact,Iamwilling(樂意的)todiscusstheproblem.10．Sheisalwaysverymean(吝嗇的)withmoney.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Underourteacher'scarefulguidance(guide),wefinishedourhomeworkinadvance.2．Themanshouldbecondemnedforhiscruelty(cruel)tohiswife.3．Itdoesseriousharmtochildren'scharacterthattoomuchviolence(violent)isshownontelevision.4．Hewas_attacked(attack)byadogwhenhewaswalkingalongthestreet.5．Thispositionisequally(equal)suitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.6．Althoughhemadeaseriousmistakeinhiswork,hewasluckytoescapebeing_fired(fire)byhisboss.7.Withthespeechesfinished,wevotedto_choose(choose)themonitor.8．Peopleinallcountrieswantapeaceful(peace)worldratherthanonefilledwithwars.9．Thoughhehasmetwithmanydifficultiesoverthepasttwoyears,heisstillhopeful(hope)．10．Highschooleducation(educate)isveryimportantforstudents,becauseitcanhelpthemtochoosetheirfuture.Ⅲ.一句多譯/句型轉換1．我送給他一本從上海買的書來答謝他的幫助。①IgavehimabookboughtfromShanghaiin_reward_for_his_help.(rewardn．)②As_a_reward_for_his_help,_IgavehimabookwhichwasboughtfromShanghai.(rewardn．)③I_rewarded_him_with_a_bookwhichIboughtfromShanghaiforhishelp.(rewardv．)2．Hedevotedhimselftomunityactivitiesandwaspraisedbythepeoplearound.①Devoting_himself_to_munity_activities,_hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(devotevt.)②Devoted_to_munity_activities,_hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(devotedadj.)二、過短語、句式——eq\a\vs4\al(學通學活靚人一眼)1．introuble在危險、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中[高考佳句]Asisknowntousall,ifweareintrouble,itisnotourphonesbutourfriendsthatcanreallyhelpusout.(2014·重慶高考寫作)眾所周知，如果我們有困難，是朋友而不是手機可以真正地幫助我們擺脫困境。askfortrouble 自找麻煩；自討苦吃getintotrouble 陷入困境；惹麻煩havetroubleindoingsth./withsth. 做某事有困難/麻煩takethetroubletodosth. 不怕費事或困難盡力做某事[多角練透]單句語法填空①Ifyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtolendahand.②Wheneverwehavetroublewithourstudies,ourteachershelpuspatiently.③Youcan'timaginethetroubleIhadpersuading(persuade)himtochangehismind.④Thanksforthetroubleyouhavetakento_help(help)us.補全句子⑤WhatworriesmealotisthatIam_really_having_trouble_in_collecting_information_and_using_language.讓我十分擔心的是我在收集信息和使用語言方面確實有困難。2．turnto求助于；翻到(書的某頁)；致力于；開始從事；查閱[教材原句]WhydidNelsonMandelaturntoviolencetomakeblackandwhitepeopleequal?為什么納爾遜·曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？[一詞多義]寫出下列句中turnto的含義①Heisreadytohelpothers,seldom,ifever,refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.求助于②Afterheleftuniversityhebecameateacher,butlaterturnedtojournalism.開始從事③Youshouldn'talwaysturntothedictionarywhenyoumeetnewwordsinreading.查閱④PleaseturntoPage40.翻到[歸納拓展]turndown 關小；拒絕turnaway 拒絕……入內；把……打發走turnup 出現；露面；調大turnout 證明是；結果是；趕走；生產turnover 打翻；翻身；移交⑤Somepromiseswereunavoidable,butthevideoturned_outperfect.(2017·北京高考書面表達)一些妥協是不可避免的，但視頻證明是極好的。3．loseheart喪失勇氣或信心；灰心；泄氣[教材原句]Thescientistfromwhomweheardthegoodnewsneverlostheartwhenhewasintrouble.我們從其口中獲得好消息的科學家遇到困難時從不灰心。[歸納拓展]①putone'sheartinto 一心撲在……上②learnsth.byheart 背誦；記牢……③strike...intoone'sheart 使……刻骨銘心④heartandsoul 全心全意地⑤fromthebottomofone'sheart 從某人的心底[應用領悟]①Thoughbeatenbytheoppositeteam,theydidn'tloseheart.雖然被對方球隊擊敗，但他們沒有喪失信心。②Aslittleboysandgirlshaveaverygoodmemory,theycanlearnalotofEnglishwordsbyheart.由于小男孩和小女孩的記憶力非常好，他們能記住很多英語單詞。③Thereisanoldsayinggoeslikethis,“Nothingistoohardifyouputyourheartintoit.”有句老話是這樣說的，“世上無難事，只怕有心人”。4.擬人修辭手法The_last_thirty_years_have_seenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過去30年來所出現的大量法律剝奪我們的權利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權利都沒有的階段。(1)see意為“見證，目睹，經歷”時，常以表示時代、年代、世紀或地點的名詞作主語，表示某時或某地“目睹，發生，經歷”了某事。(2)與see用法相同的動詞有find,witness,say,experience等，這些詞在句中作謂語，用物作主語時，表示一種擬人的手法，以增添語言色彩，使表達更形象。①The_year_1949_saw_the_foundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.1949年見證了中華人民共和國的建立。②ThetwostonelionsstandinginfrontofTian'anmensaw/witnessed_many_great_historic_events.天安門前的這兩只石獅目睹了許多重大的歷史事件。5．“only＋狀語”置于句首的倒裝句式...only_then_did_wedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。only放在句首修飾狀語(通常是副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句等)時，句子需要部分倒裝。①Onlybyunderstandingandlearningfromeachothercan_we_spendthosedaystogetherhappily.(2014·天津高考書面表達)只有通過相互理解彼此學習我們才能一起開心地度過那些美好的日子。②There'snodenyingthatonlyifwedealwithandoverelargenumbersofdifficultiesinacorrectwaywill_we_achieve_our_dreams.(2015·湖南高考寫作)不可否認，只有我們以正確的方式處理和克服大量的困難我們才會實現我們的夢想。[名師指津](1)“only＋從句”放在句首時，倒裝的是主句，從句不倒裝。(2)only放在句首修飾主語時不用倒裝。③Onlyafewofthechildrenhaven'tyetgotachanceofbeingeducated.仍有少數兒童未得到受教育的機會。6．thefirsttime引導時間狀語從句Ifeltbadthe_first_timeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團作講解時，我的心情很不好。有類似用法的詞語還有：(1)each/everytime 每次……的時候nexttime 下次……時thelasttime 上次……時eq\a\vs4\al(2,)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(themoment/theminute/theinstant,immediately/instantly/directly)) 一……就……①The_first_time_he_met_the_girlhewasstruckbyherwisdomandfellinlovewithher.他第一次遇到這個女孩就被她的睿智所打動并愛上了她。②Every/Each_time_I_see_the_old_maninthepark,heisabsorbedinreadingnewspapers.每次我在公園里看到這位老人時，他都在專注地看報。[名師指津]thefirsttime表示“第一次”，在句中可作賓語、表語，還可以用作連詞，引導時間狀語從句。forthefirsttime表示“第一次”，獨立作狀語，不引導從句。③Hebecameinterestedintheyoungteacher'slessonthe_first_timeheattendedhisclass.Hewassoexcitedinclassfor_the_first_time.他第一次上課時就對這位年輕老師的課感興趣。他第一次上課這么興奮。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Youcan'timaginethetroubleIhadhelping(help)himout.2．Intimewereachedastagewherewehadmoreyoungreadersthanoldones.3．Aftermanyfailures,hefinallysetuphisownpany.4．Nobodyseemstounderstand.Idon'tknowwhototurnto.5．Thethiefwas_sentenced(sentence)tofivemonthsinprisonbecausehestolethingsinashopwhenhewasoutofwork.Ⅱ.短語填空turnto，outofwork，blowup，bedevotedto，loseheart，introuble，beactivein，asamatteroffact1．Therewerenotenoughjobsforlotsofpeopleout_of_work.2．Atrueartistis_devoted_tohiswork.3．Ihavetogetmyfronttyresblown_up.4．You'llbein_troubleifhefindsthetruth.5．Manyscientistsareturning_toexploringnewenergy.6．Theboylost_heartwhenheknewhefailedtheexamagain.7．As_a_matter_of_fact,_Idon'tmindyoursmokinghere.8．Sheis_active_inallkindsofschoolactivities.Ⅲ.根據提示詞和相關要求補全句子1．這是一個沒有收音機、沒有電話，也沒有電視的時期。(Thisisatimewhen)This_was_a_time_when_there_were_no_radios,_notelephonesornoTVsets.2．只有在那時我才意識到與所有的朋友脫離關系，從不與他們聯系是多么傻。(only引起的倒裝句)Only_then_did_I_realize_thatitwasfoolishofmetobreakawayfromallofmyfriendsandnevercontactthem.3．我第一次在會議廳演講時非常緊張。(thefirsttime)Iwasverynervousthe_first_time_I_gave_a_speech_in_the_meeting_hall.4．當他的親戚朋友向他求助時，他總是樂于幫助他們。(turnto,bewillingtodosth.)Whenhisrelativesandfriends_turn_to_him_for_help,_heis_always_willing_togivethemahand.5．這座古廟見證了過去二百年里這個村莊的巨大變遷。(see)The_old_temple_has_seen_great_changes_of_the_villageinthepasttwohundredyears.Ⅳ.句型轉換1．IrealizedknowledgeisvaluableonlywhenIhadanotherfailureinmyjob-seeking.①OnlywhenIhadanotherfailureinmyjob-seekingdid_I_realizeknowledgeisvaluable.②It_was_only_when_I_had_another_failure_in_my_job-seeking_thatIrealizedknowledgeisvaluable.(強調句型)2．Thegovernmentcametopowertwoyearsago.→Thegovernmenthas_been_in_powerfortwoyears.三、過語法、寫作——eq\a\vs4\al(寫對寫美高人一籌)(一)單元小語法——定語從句(Ⅱ)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thereasonforwhichshechangedhermindisquiteclear.2．Thedayswhentheytravelledtogethermeantalottohim.3．Isawahouse,thewindowsofwhichwerebroken.4．Shehastwosons,bothofwhomgraduatedfromHarvardUniversity.5．Nobodyknowsthereasonforwhichshedidn'tattendthemeeting.6．Wewentthroughaperiodwhenmunicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.7．Thechildren,allofwhomhadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.8．Wevisitedthecarfactorywheremyuncleonceworkedthreeyearsago.9．Thisisthefactorythat/whichIvisitedlastyear.10．Theoldmanhastwosons,andbothofthemaredoctors.Ⅱ.用定語從句補全下列句子1．他不能到那里去的原因是他臥病在床。Thereasonwhy_he_could_not_go_therewasthathewasillinbed.2．我們生活在許多事情可以在電腦上做的時代。Wearelivinginanagewhen_many_things_are_doneonputer.3．畢業以后，他回到那個他長大的小鎮上。Aftergraduationhereturnedtothesmalltownwhere/in_which_he_grew_up.4．我不喜歡你跟你父母講話的方式。Idon'tlikethewaythat/in_which_you_speak_to_your_parents.5．那間在大火中被毀壞的屋子已經被重新修好了。Thehousewhich_was_destroyed_in_the_terrible_firehasbeenrepaired.(二)課堂微寫作——概要寫作[題目要求]閱讀下面短文，根據其內容寫一篇60詞左右的內容概要。EveryonewholivesinSanFranciscoknowsthatearthquakesaremoninthebayarea.Theyhadbeendevastating.In1906,forexample,amajorquakedestroyedabout28,000buildingsandkilledhundreds,perhapsthousandsofpeople.Residentsnowwonderwhenthenext“bigone”willstrike.It'sboundtohappensomeday.Atleastsevenactivefault(斷層)linesrunthroughtheSanFranciscoarea.Faultsareplaceswherepiecesofearth'scrust(地殼)slidepasteachother.Whenthesepiecesslip,thegroundshakes.Toprepareforthatday,scientistsareusingnewtechniquestoreanalyzethe1906earthquakeandpredicthowbadthedamagemightbewhenthenextonehappens.Onenewfindingaboutthe1906quakeisthattheSanAndreasFaultsplitapartfasterthanscientistshadthoughtatthetime.Duringsmallearthquakes,faultsrupture(斷裂)atabout2.7kilometerspersecond.Duringbiggerquakes,however,rupturescanhappenatratesfasterthan3.5kilometerspersecond.Atsuchhighspeeds,hugeamountsofpressurebuildup,producingundergroundwavesthatcancausemoredamagethanthequakeitself.LuckyforSanFrancisco,thesepressurepulses(脈沖)traveledalwaysfromthecityduringthe1906event.Asbadasthedamagewas,itcouldhavebeenfarworse.Lookingahead,scientistsaretryingtopredictwhenthenextmajorquakewilloccur.Recordsshowthatearthquakesweremonbefore1906event.Sincethen,theareahasbeenrelativelyquiet.Patternsinthedata,however,suggestthattheprobabilityofmajorearthquakestrikingthebayareabefore2032isatleast62percent.NewbuildinginSanFranciscoarequitesafeincaseoffuturequake.Still,morethan84percentofthecity'sbuildingsareoldandweak.Analysessuggestthatanotherbigearthquakewouldcauseextensivedamage.PeoplewholivetheretodaytendtofeelsafebecauseSanFranciscohasremainedprettyquietforawhile.Accordingtothenewresearch,however,it'snotamatterofwhetherthebigonewillhit.It'sjustamatterofwhen.參考范文：EarthquakesaremonintheSanFranciscoarea.(要點1)The1906earthquakekilledperhapsthousandsofpeopleanddestroyed28,000buildings.(要點2)Consideringthegeographicfeaturesthere,scientistspredictthatanotherbigquakewillebefore2032,withtheprobabilityatleast62percent.(要點3)Itwouldcauseextensivedamageduetothefactthat84%ofSanFrancisco'sbuildingsareoldandweak.(要點4)一、單元基礎訓練(限時25分鐘)Ⅰ.翻譯句子1．為了不受處罰，他開得盡可能快。(escapedoing)He_drove_as_fast_as_he_could_in_order_to_escape_being_punished.2．只有當他完成全部的任務后，才被允許短暫休息一下。(allow)Only_when_he_had_finished_all_the_tasks_was_he_allowed_to_take_a_short_break._3．——今天，老師責備我遲到。——你本該向她解釋一下，你在上學路上把一個生病的老人送去了醫院。(shouldhavedone)—The_teacher_scolded_me_for_my_being_late_today.—You_should_have_explained_to_her_that_you_had_sent_a_sick_old_man_to_hospital_on_your_way_to_school.4．像我國的許多城市一樣，深圳在過去30年里發生了巨大的變化。(change)Like_many_cities_in_our_country,_Shenzhen_has_changed_greatly_in_the_past_thirty_years.5．因為無人可求助，日本發生地震時，外國游客感到非常無助。(turnto)With_no_one_to_turn_to,_when_the_earthquake_in_Japan_happened,_the_foreign_tourists_felt_helpless.6．只有對未來抱有希望，我們才能勇敢地面對所有的困難。(only引導狀語從句)Only_when_we_are_hopeful_for_our_future_can_we_be_brave_enough_to_face_all_the_difficulties.7．正是因為他的巨大貢獻，他被授予了諾貝爾和平獎。(award)It_was_because_of_his_great_contributions_that_he_was_awarded_the_Nobel_Peace_Prize._8．每次我瀏覽舊照片時，我就會回想起童年時的快樂日子。(bebackto)Every_time_I_go_through_the_old_photos,_the_happy_days_spent_in_my_childhood_were_back_to_me.9．在他一生中，他總是試圖去幫助那些比他更加不幸的人。(unfortunate)In_his_life,_he_has_always_tried_to_help_those_more_unfortunate_than_himself._10．起床后，他總是喝杯水，他覺得這對健康有益。(afterdoingsth.)After_getting_up,_he_always_drinks_a_glass_of_water,_which_he_believes_is_good_for_his_health._Ⅱ.完形填空Ayearago,whenmysiblings(兄弟姐妹)andIlefthome,myparentsmovedtotheothersideofthecountry.Theyhadbuiltabeautifulhouseandtheylovetheirnew,pleasant__1__.Mydadstillworks,butMum__2__earlylastyearandisnow__3__andbeingincreasinglyunhappyand__4__.Shehastriedjoiningclubs,__5__peopleandintegrating(融入群體)intohernewmunitybutwithoutanyluck.Shestillknowsnoonedespiteherbest__6__.Theareatheyhavemovedtoisclosedand__7__tostrangers.Sheismanymilesfromheroldfriendsandfamily,__8__allday,everydaywithonlypetsforpany.Sheisveryintelligent,artistic,loyalandfunny—atrulyamazingperson.Shehasalwayshadlovelyfriendsandbeen__9__andbusy.Itisbreakingmyhearttowatchher__10__lonelinessandsomanyknock-backs(挫折)．Recently,whenIchattoher,Ihavenoticedherlow__11__—shejokesthatshefeelsasifsheis__12__abitofcrazinessfromthequietand__13__.Aftermanyyearsofworkingand__14__afamily,sheshouldbefinallyfreetoenjoyherself.__15__，mysiblingsandIdonotlivenearbysowecannotvisitherfrequently—weallkeepincontactwithherbyphone.Mydaddoesn'tunderstandher__16__asheisoutatworkallday.Heisbusywithhisjobandcannotunderstandhowshecanbesounhappywhenlivinginsuchabeautifulplaceandwithoutthepressureofwork.Heisatalosshowhecan__17__thingsandfeelsguiltyand__18__forhowshefeels.Ithasgotsobadthattheyare__19__movingagaintoadifferentarea.However,Iaminfavorofthat.Friendshipand__20__arefarmoreimportantthanafancyhouse.語篇解讀：母親退休后，搬了新家，盡管房子很漂亮，但在新的地方，習慣了忙碌的母親卻感到不快樂和孤獨，作者由此得出：在人生中，友誼和快樂遠比昂貴奢華的房子重要。1．A.scenery B．surroundingsC．atmosphere D．attraction解析：選B根據前文的“myparentsmovedtotheothersideofthecountry...lovetheirnew,pleasant”可知，他們在那里建造了新家并且也很喜歡那兒的環境。故選B。scenery“景色，風景”；surroundings“環境”；atmosphere“氣氛”；attraction“吸引人的事物”。2．A.dismissed B．displacedC．retired D．removed解析：選C根據前文的“Mydadstillworks”及“but”可知，此處前后是轉折關系，所以這里表示母親已經退休。故選C。dismiss“解雇”；displace“取代”；retire“退休”；remove“搬走”。3．A.struggling B．imaginingC．seeking D．attempting解析：選A根據空后的“andbeingincreasinglyunhappyand__4__”可知，母親不太適應新的環境，所以此處表示母親正努力適應環境。故選A。struggle“奮斗，努力”；imagine“想象”；seek“尋找”；attempt“企圖”。4．A.available B．satisfiedC．painful D．alone解析：選D根據后文的“Shehastriedjoiningclubs，__5__peopleandintegrating(融入群體)intohernewmunitybutwithoutanyluck.”可知，她變得越來越不開心和孤獨。故選D。available“可獲得的”；satisfied“滿足的”；painful“痛苦的”；alone“孤獨的”。5．A.meeting B．recognizingC．tracking D．calling解析：選A根據前文的“Shehastriedjoiningclubs”可知，此處與前后文在語義上形成并列，即她曾經嘗試著加入俱樂部，結識周圍的人們，融入新的社區，但都不是那么幸運，故選A。meet“結識，相識”；recognize“辨別出，承認”；track“跟蹤”；call“打電話”。6．Aments B．regardsC．efforts D．pains解析：選C根據前文的“...butwithoutanyluck”可知，盡管母親付出了很大的努力但仍一個人也不認識，故選C。ment“評論”；regards“致意，問候”；effort“努力”；pain“痛苦”。7．A.illegal B．unfriendlyC．dishonest D．innocent解析：選B此處表示我父母搬來的這個地方很封閉，對待陌生人也不友好，故選B。空前的closed“封閉的，閉關自守的”是解題的關鍵。illegal“不合法的”；unfriendly“不友好的”；dishonest“不誠實的”；innocent“純真的，無辜的”。8．A.stuck B．lostC．sleepy D．addicted解析：選A分析句子結構可知，空處作狀語修飾句子的主語She。根據前文的“Sheismanymilesfromheroldfriendsandfamily”及后文的“everydaywithonlypetsforpany”可知，此處表示她整天困在家中，故選A。stuck“困住的”；lost“迷失的”；sleepy“瞌睡的”；addicted“入迷的，上癮的”。9．A.graceful B．messyC．aggressive D．happy解析：選D根據倒數第二段中的“Heisbusywithhisjobandcannotunderstandhowshecanbesounhappy”可知，母親曾經是很幸福快樂的，搬家前后的生活形成了對比，故選D。graceful“優雅的”；messy“凌亂的”；aggressive“好斗的，聲勢浩大的”；happy“高興的，幸福的”。10．A.escape B．bearC．undertake D．solve解析：選B此處表示看到母親忍受孤獨和打擊，我的心就要碎了，故選B。escape“逃跑”；bear“忍受”；undertake“從事”；solve“解決”。11．A.attitude B．conditionC．determination D．mood解析：選D此處表示我注意到母親的情緒有點低落，故選D。attitude“態度”；condition“狀況，狀態”；determination“決心”；mood“情緒”。12．A.makingup B．goingthroughC．pursuing D．witnessing解析：選B此處表示母親開玩笑似的說她好像正在經歷來自安靜和孤獨的一絲瘋狂，故選B。makeup“編造，化妝”；gothrough“經歷”；pursue“追求”；witness“目擊，見證”。13．A.pressure B．lossC．loneliness D．ambition解析：選C根據前文“Itisbreakingmyhearttowatchher__10__lonelinessandsomanyknock-backs(挫折)．”可知，此處為原詞復現，故選C。pressure“壓力”；loss“丟失”；loneliness“孤獨”；ambi