2025年雅思考試閱讀專項模擬試卷：社會問題與解決方案考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、詞匯理解要求：根據上下文選出正確的同義詞或反義詞。1.Thegovernmenthasimplementedstrictregulationstoreducepollution.a)relaxedb)lenientc)stringentd)permissivee)lenient2.Manypeopleareconcernedabouttheimpactofclimatechangeonfuturegenerations.a)indifferentb)worriedc)complacentd)obliviouse)indifferent3.Thecityhasallocatedadditionalfundstoimprovepublictransportation.a)diminishedb)reducedc)increasedd)decreasede)allocated4.Theenvironmentalistsarguedthatthenewfactorywouldharmthelocalecosystem.a)protectb)preservec)harmd)damagee)benefit5.Thegovernmenthasintroducedanewpolicytopromoterenewableenergysources.a)discourageb)discouragec)encouraged)discouragee)promote6.Therisingcostoflivinghasbecomeasignificantissueformanypeople.a)decreasingb)increasingc)stabled)fluctuatinge)decreasing7.Thecommunityhasorganizedaclean-upcampaigntoimprovethelocalenvironment.a)degradeb)degradec)enhanced)degradee)degrade8.Thegovernmenthasallocatedresourcestosupporteducationinruralareas.a)withdrawb)allocatec)transferd)distributee)withdraw9.Thelocalauthoritieshaveimplementedmeasurestoreducetrafficcongestion.a)alleviateb)aggravatec)increased)decreasee)alleviate10.Thecompanyhasinvestedinnewtechnologytoreduceitscarbonfootprint.a)expandb)decreasec)increased)enhancee)reduce二、閱讀理解要求：根據文章內容回答問題。文章：Inrecentyears,theissueofplasticpollutionhasbecomeamajorconcernforenvironmentalistsandthegeneralpublic.Plasticwasteisasignificantproblembecauseittakeshundredsofyearstodecomposeandcancauseharmtowildlifeandecosystems.Manycountrieshaveimplementedbansonsingle-useplastics,suchasstrawsandbags,toreducetheamountofplasticwastegenerated.However,someexpertsarguethatamorecomprehensiveapproachisneededtoaddressthisissueeffectively.Questions:1.Whatisthemainproblemcausedbyplasticpollutionaccordingtothearticle?a)Deforestationb)Plasticwastec)Airpollutiond)Waterpollutione)Noisepollution2.Whatmeasureshavemanycountriesimplementedtoreduceplasticpollution?a)Banningsingle-useplasticsb)Encouragingrecyclingc)Promotingsustainabledevelopmentd)Investingincleanenergye)Alloftheabove3.Whatdosomeexpertsargueisneededtoaddresstheissueofplasticpollutioneffectively?a)Moreregulationsb)Banningallplasticsc)Comprehensiveapproachd)Recyclingprogramse)Publicawarenesscampaigns4.Whatisthemainconcernofenvironmentalistsregardingplasticpollution?a)Economicimpactb)Healthrisksc)Wildlifeharmd)Ecosystemdestructione)Climatechange5.Howlongdoesittakeforplasticwastetodecomposeaccordingtothearticle?a)Weeksb)Monthsc)Yearsd)Decadese)Centuries6.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?a)Topromoterecyclingb)Todiscusstheimpactofplasticpollutionc)Toadvocateforacomprehensiveapproachd)Tohighlighttheeconomicbenefitsofreducingplasticpollutione)Toprovidesolutionstotheplasticpollutionproblem7.Accordingtothearticle,whatisoneoftheconsequencesofplasticpollutiononwildlife?a)Starvationb)Habitatdestructionc)Pollutionofwatersourcesd)Lossofbiodiversitye)Alloftheabove8.Howdoesthearticledescribetheeffectivenessofthebansonsingle-useplastics?a)Ineffectiveb)Partiallyeffectivec)Highlyeffectived)Unnecessarye)Inconclusive9.Whatisthemainargumentpresentedbyexpertsregardingtheissueofplasticpollution?a)Banningallplasticsistheonlysolutionb)Moreregulationsareneededc)Comprehensiveapproachisnecessaryd)Recyclingistheonlysolutione)Publicawarenesscampaignsarenoteffective10.Howdoesthearticleend?a)Byprovidingasolutiontotheplasticpollutionproblemb)Bydiscussingtheeconomicimpactofplasticpollutionc)Bysummarizingthemainpointsofthearticled)Byhighlightingtheneedforpublicawarenesscampaignse)Bydiscussingtheroleofgovernmentsinreducingplasticpollution四、判斷正誤要求：判斷以下句子是否正確，正確的寫T，錯誤的寫F。1.Plasticpollutionisaglobalissuethataffectsbothdevelopedanddevelopingcountries.(

)2.Thedecompositionofplasticwasteinlandfillstakesseveralmonths.(

)3.Recyclingplasticreducestheamountofplasticwasteintheenvironment.(

)4.Banningplasticbagscompletelyisthemosteffectivesolutiontoreduceplasticpollution.(

)5.Theuseofbiodegradableplasticshassignificantlyreducedplasticpollution.(

)6.Plasticpollutionhasnoimpactonhumanhealth.(

)7.Themajorityofplasticpollutionisfoundinoceansandcoastalareas.(

)8.Governmentsworldwidehavetakenstrictmeasurestobansingle-useplastics.(

)9.Publicawarenesscampaignshavebeensuccessfulinreducingplasticpollution.(

)10.Theproductionofplasticproductsisexpectedtoincreaseinthecomingyears.(

)五、信息匹配要求：將下列句子與正確的選項匹配。A.ThegovernmentofChinahasannouncedaplantoreduceplasticuseby50%by2030.B.Manycompanieshavestartedusingbiodegradablepackagingtoreducetheircarbonfootprint.C.Agroupofenvironmentalistshaslaunchedacampaigntocleanupbeachesfromplasticwaste.D.TheuseofplasticstrawshasbeenbannedinmanyEuropeancountries.E.Astudyhasshownthatmicroplasticshavebeenfoundinhumanorgans.1._______isanexampleofalocalcommunityinitiativetotackleplasticpollution.2._______isanexampleoftheimpactofplasticpollutiononhumanhealth.3._______isanexampleoftheglobaleffortstoreduceplasticuse.4._______isanexampleoftheenvironmentalimpactofplasticwasteonwildlife.5._______isanexampleoftheactionstakenbycompaniestobemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.六、完形填空要求：根據文章內容，選擇正確的單詞或短語填空。Theissueofplasticpollutionhasbeenatopicofconcernformanyyears.Itisacomplexproblemthatrequiresa_______approachtoaddresseffectively.The_______ofplasticwasteinoceansandonbeachesisavisiblesignoftheproblem,butitisjustthetipoftheiceberg.The_______ofplasticinourdailylivesisimmense,frompackagingtosingle-useitems.1.a)globalb)simplec)complexd)immediate2.a)accumulationb)decreasec)distributiond)production3.a)reductionb)increasec)controld)elimination4.a)usageb)disposalc)recyclingd)ban本次試卷答案如下：一、詞匯理解1.c)stringent2.b)worried3.c)increased4.c)harm5.e)promote6.b)increasing7.c)enhance8.b)allocate9.a)alleviate10.b)decrease解析思路：1.根據句意，政府實施了嚴格的法規，因此應選擇表示嚴格的同義詞。2.根據句意，許多人擔心氣候變化對后代的影響，因此應選擇表示擔心的詞。3.根據句意，城市為改善公共交通分配了額外的資金，因此應選擇表示增加的詞。4.根據句意，環保主義者認為新工廠會損害當地生態系統，因此應選擇表示損害的詞。5.根據句意，政府推出了新政策來促進可再生能源的使用，因此應選擇表示促進的詞。6.根據句意，生活成本的上升已成為許多人面臨的一個重大問題，因此應選擇表示增加的詞。7.根據句意，社區組織了一場清理活動來改善當地環境，因此應選擇表示增強的詞。8.根據句意，政府為支持農村地區的教育分配了資源，因此應選擇表示分配的詞。9.根據句意，當地當局采取了措施來減少交通擁堵，因此應選擇表示減輕的詞。10.根據句意，公司投資于新技術來減少其碳足跡，因此應選擇表示減少的詞。二、閱讀理解1.b)Plasticwaste2.a)Banningsingle-useplastics3.c)Comprehensiveapproach4.c)Wildlifeharm5.e)Centuries6.b)Todiscusstheimpactofplasticpollution7.d)Lossofbiodiversity8.b)Partiallyeffective9.c)Comprehensiveapproach10.d)Byhighlightingtheneedforpublicawarenesscampaigns解析思路：1.根據文章第一段，塑料污染是一個主要問題，因為它需要數百年的時間來分解，并能對野生動物和生態系統造成傷害，因此選擇b)Plasticwaste。2.根據文章第二段，許多國家實施了禁止一次性塑料的規定，因此選擇a)Banningsingle-useplastics。3.根據文章第三段，一些專家認為需要更全面的方法來有效解決這個問題，因此選擇c)Comprehensiveapproach。4.根據文章第四段，環保主義者擔心塑料污染對野生動物的危害，因此選擇c)Wildlifeharm。5.根據文章第一段，塑料垃圾需要數百年的時間來分解，因此選擇e)Centuries。6.根據文章全文，文章主要討論了塑料污染的影響，因此選擇b)Todiscusstheimpactofplasticpollution。7.根據文章第五段，塑料污染的一個后果是生物多樣性的喪失，因此選擇d)Lossofbiodiversity。8.根據文章第六段，禁止一次性塑料的規定部分有效，因此選擇b)Partiallyeffective。9.根據文章第七段，專家們認為需要更全面的方法來解決這個問題，因此選擇c)Comprehensiveapproach。10.根據文章最后一段，文章強調了提高公眾意識的重要性，因此選擇d)Byhighlightingtheneedforpublicawarenesscampaigns。四、判斷正誤1.T2.F3.T4.F5.F6.F7.T8.F9.T10.T解析思路：1.根據文章內容，塑料污染是一個全球性問題，影響發達和發展中國家，因此判斷為正確。2.根據文章內容，塑料垃