2/2江蘇省連云港市東海縣2021-2022學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷說(shuō)明：1.本試卷共10頁(yè)，滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.在答題卡/紙的規(guī)定區(qū)域內(nèi)填寫(xiě)學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名、考號(hào)等，否則無(wú)效。3.請(qǐng)將所有答案按照題號(hào)填涂或填寫(xiě)在答題卡/紙相應(yīng)的答題處，否則不得分。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一個(gè)小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Sitnexttotheman.B.Buyamapfortheman.C.Directthewayfortheman.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Wherearewegoing?You’vebeendrivingaroundincirclesforthelastthirtyminutes.M:Well,you’resittingnexttome.Lookatthemap.Ican’tdotwothingsatonce.W:OK.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whyisthemandressedup?A.He’sgoingtoaparty.B.He’sgoingtoawedding.C.He’sgoingforHalloween.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whyareyouguysalldressedupaspilots?Halloweenisstillacoupleofmonthsaway.M:Ialreadytoldyou.Thisisthelastweekendbeforemybestfriend’swedding.We’llhaveapartytonight.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.Threedollars. B.Fivedollars. C.Sevendollars.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Howmucharethesweets?W:Letmesee.Thetwo-poundboxisfivedollars.Youareholdingathree-poundbox.Soit’stwodollarsmore.M:OK,I’lltakeit.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthebedroom. B.Inthekitchen. C.Inthelivingroom.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Becarefulwiththatdish.Itshouldgointhetopcupboardinfrontofyou,abovethegasstove.M:Whenwe’vedriedallthesedishes,I’llgoandmakethebedwhileyoucleanthelivingroom.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thewoman’ssister. B.TheirfriendJulie. C.Adress.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:That’saveryprettydressyou’rewearing!Didyoujustbuyitfromthedepartmentstore?W:Thanks!It’sactuallymysister’sdress.HerfriendJuliemadeitforher.Julie’sverytalented.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，共22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Howlongwillthespeakersbeoffwork?A.Threeweeks. B.Twoweeks. C.Oneweek.7.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Cousins. B.Friends. C.Husbandandwife.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:I’dliketovisitmyfriendinSeattlebeforewedriveuptoVancouvernextweek.W:Howlongwouldyoulikeustostaythere?M:Itwouldbenicetospendoneweekwithhim.Ihaven’tseenhiminages.Plus,wecanhelphimoutwithhisfarm.W:Thatsoundsnice.Butdarling,weonlyhavethreeweeksofvacation,andIpromisedourcousinswewouldstaywiththemfortwoweeks.M:Maybeweshouldflythereinsteadofdriving.W:Goodidea!Iknowyoudon’tlikeplanes,butitwouldsavealotoftime.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatwillthespeakersdotonight?A.Joinasportsevent. B.Gocamping. C.Watchasoccermatch.9.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketonight?A.Warm. B.Cold. C.Windy.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Lindsay.Areyougoingtowatchthegametonight?W:YoumeantheoneonTV?M:No,ImeanthesoccermatchbetweenourschoolandRiverdaleHigh.W:Oh,yeah.That’stonight.Ievenmadeasignthatsays“Go,Tigers!”M:Awesome.Whatareyougoingtowear?W:I’mgoingtowearourschooluniforms.M:That’sagoodidea.Doyouthinkitwillbecoldtonight?W:Theforecastsaysitwillbenice.M:Great.Icanwearashirtwithmyshorts.W:Itrainedyesterday,sotherewillbelotsofmosquitos.Ifyou’rewearingshorts,youshouldbringajackettopreventmosquitos.M:You’reright.Thanksforremindingme!聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.AttheSpaceMuseum.B.AttheTransportMuseum.C.AttheAerospaceMuseum.11.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A.Disappointed. B.Surprised. C.Happy.12.Whatwillbelikelytoimpresstheman?A.Trucks. B.Buses. C.Beautifulcars.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【解析】【原文】W:SohereweareattheTransportMuseum.Hereyouwillfindcars,buses,trucksandtrainsofallages,fromtheveryoldesttotheverynewest.M:Iwanttoseetherocket—theonethatlandedonthemoon.W:Youwon’tfindthathere.ThatisattheSpaceMuseum.Andtherearenoplaneshere,either.TheyareattheAerospaceMuseum.M:Ohno!I’vebeentellingeveryoneIwasgoingtoseethemoonrocket.W:Youshouldbehappytoseethesethings.Therearesomeveryinterestingthingshere.Someofthetrainsarefamous.You’llbesurprisedhowbigtheyare.M:Buttheyareoldthings.Ilikenewthings.W:Well,thisisamuseum.ButIthinkyouwilllikethebeautifulcars,especiallythosedrivenbymoviestars.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whatdoesthemando?A.Heisatourguide.B.Heisahotelclerk.C.Heisarealestateagent.14.Whatdidthewomanoriginallyorder?A.Afamilyroom. B.Afamilyhouse. C.Afamilyapartment.15.Whydoesthewoman’shusbandneedaseparateroom?A.Helikestobeprivate. B.Hesleepsloudly. C.Heusesalaptop.16.Howmuchextrawillthewomanpaypernight?A.100yuan. B.200yuan. C.300yuan.【答案】13.B14.A15.B16.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,andwelcometotheHainanBeachHotelonChina’smostbeautifulisland.W:Thankyou.Itislovelytobehere.Therearethreeofus—twoadultsandateenageboy.Webookedafamilyroom.M:Yes,afamilyroomcansleepfour,sothatshouldbenoproblem.W:Arethereseparatesectionsintheroom?Myhusbandisanoisysleeper,soweneedsomedistancebetweenus.M:No,youareallinonearea.Wedoofferafamilyapartment,whichhasaseparateroom,orafamilyhouse,whichhastworooms.Theseareavailable.W:Thefamilyhousesoundsgood.Mysonisatanagewherehelikestobeprivate.Also,helikestousehislaptop.M:Butthecostisquitehigh.Pleaselookattheratesonthiscard.Theapartmentis100yuanpernightextra.Thehouseis500yuanextra,butIcanreducethepriceby200yuan.W:Ithinkwe’llgofortheapartment.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.WhichtwoplacesdoesLondonBridgeconnect?A.CannonStreetandSouthwark.B.SouthwarkandtheCityofLondon.C.TheCityofLondonandTowerBridge.18.WhereisthemonumenttotheGreatFireofLondon?A.OnthesouthsideofLondonBridge.B.OnthewestsideofLondonBridge.C.OnthenorthsideofLondonBridge.19.WhendidtheconstructionofLondonBridgefinish?A.In1973. B.In1972. C.In1967.20.WhatisLondonBridgewell-knownasaroundtheworldtoday?A.Averylongbridge. B.Anancientstructure. C.Apopulartouristattraction.【答案】17.B18.C19.B20.C【解析】【原文】LondonBridgeisabridgethatsitsovertheRiverThames,connectingtheCityofLondonandSouthwark.ItislocatedincentralLondon,betweenCannonStreetRailwayBridgeandTowerBridge.OnthesouthsideofthebridgeistheLondonBridgestation,whilethemonument(紀(jì)念碑)totheGreatFireofLondonstandsonthenorthsideofthebridge.The283-meter-longbridgewasdesignedbyarchitectWilliamHolfordandanengineeringfirmcalledMHA.Itwasconstructedfrom1967to1972bylocalconstructioncompanyMowlem,andopenedbyQueenElizabethIIonMarch17th,1973.Asaculturalstructure,LondonBridgeisoftenshowninfilmsandnews.Itsculturalinfluencecanbefoundinmusicandliteratureaswell,suchasthefamouspoem“TheWasteLand”byT.S.Eliotandagreatnumberofsongswritteninrecenthistory.ApartfromservingmillionsofLondonersonadailybasis,LondonBridgeisalsooneofthemostwell-knowntouristattractionsaroundtheworldtoday.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATheOlympicWinterGamesBeijing2022closedonFebruary20.Morethananevent,theGamesarealsoforexchanginggoodwillandfriendship.Thedesigndetailsofvariouselementssuchasthe

medals,emblem(圖案)andmascots(吉祥物)servethispurpose.Let’stakealookattheseChineseelementsthroughthedesigns.MedalsThefrontsideoftheWinterOlympicmedalswasbasedontheancientChinesejadeconcentriccirclependants,withfiveringsrepresenting“theunityofheavenandearthandtheunityofpeople’shearts”.TheoppositesideofthemedalswasinspiredfromapieceofChinesejadeware(玉器)called“Bi”,adoublejadediscwitharoundholeinthecenter.EmblemInspiredbytheChinesecharacter“冬”for“winter”,theupperpartoftheemblemresemblesaskateranditslowerpartaskier.Theribbon-likedecorationinbetweenmainlysymbolizesthehostcountry’srollingmountains,Gamesvenues,skicoursesandskatingrinks.Thebluecolorintheemblemrepresentsdreams,thefutureandthepurityoficeandsnow,whileredandyellow—thecolorsofChina’snationalflag–presentpassion,youthandvitality.MascotsBingDwenDwen,thecutemascotoftheOlympicWinterGamesBeijing2022,attractsattentionwiththepanda’sfull-body“shell”madeoutofice.TheinspirationcamefromtraditionalChinesesnack“ice-sugargourd,”(tanghulu),whiletheshellalsoresemblesaspacesuit—embracingnewtechnologiesforafutureofcountlesspossibilities.“Bing”istheChinesecharacterforice,whichsymbolizespurityandtoughness.DwenDwenisacommonnicknameinChinaforchildrenthatsuggeststheyarelovely,healthyandclever.21.Whichoffollowingisaninspirationoftheemblem?A.AChinesesnack. B.Chinesejadeware.C.AChinesecharacter. D.Chinesechildren.22.Whatdoes“DwenDwen”refertoinChinese?A.Aspacesuit. B.Newtechnologies.C.Pureandtoughice. D.Healthandcuteness.23.WhatisthepurposeofdisplayingChineseelements?A.Tomakethisyear’sGamesmoreinteresting.B.Todrawpeople’sattentiontoChineseculture.C.ToshowthepoweranddevelopmentofChina.D.Topromotekindnessandfriendshipworldwide.【答案】21.C22.D23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章描述了北京冬奧會(huì)中三個(gè)頗具中國(guó)特色代表中國(guó)元素的的獎(jiǎng)牌，徽章及吉祥物。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“InspiredbytheChinesecharacter“冬”for“winter”(靈感來(lái)自于漢字“冬天”的冬字)”可知，冬奧會(huì)的徽章靈感來(lái)自于漢子“冬”。故選C。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Bing”istheChinesecharacterforice,whichsymbolizespurityandtoughness.DwenDwenisacommonnicknameinChinaforchildrenthatsuggeststheyarelovely,healthyandclever.(“冰”在中文里是冰的意思，象征著純潔和堅(jiān)韌。“墩墩”在中國(guó)是孩子們的昵稱(chēng)，暗示他們可愛(ài)、健康、聰明。)”可知，冰墩墩在漢語(yǔ)中代表著純潔，健康和可愛(ài)。故選D。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TheOlympicWinterGamesBeijing2022closedonFebruary20.Morethananevent,theGamesarealsoforexchanginggoodwillandfriendship.Thedesigndetailsofvariouselementssuchasthemedals,emblem(圖案)andmascots(吉祥物)servethispurpose.(2022年北京冬奧會(huì)于2月20日閉幕。奧運(yùn)會(huì)不僅僅是一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，也是為了交流善意和友誼。獎(jiǎng)牌、會(huì)徽、吉祥物等各種元素的設(shè)計(jì)細(xì)節(jié)都是為了達(dá)到這個(gè)目的。)”可知，冬奧會(huì)上展示這些中國(guó)元素的目的是為了促進(jìn)交流善意和友誼。故選D。BTothispaper-cuttingartist,ShiQinling,scissorsarelikewhatbrushesaretopainters,orwhatpensaretowriters.Alwayshavingapairofscissorsonheralsoallowshertocreateartwheneverinspirationhits.“Somepeopleliketopentheirfeelingsindiaries.Iprefertocutthemout,”saysthe35-year-old,whoiscurrentlyworkingattheFenglincommunityculturalactivitycenterinShanghai.Shidevelopedaninterestinhandicraftwhenshewasachildwhooftenfoundherselfaloneathome.Outofboredom,shewouldplaywithpaper,foldingandcuttingthemintodifferentshapes.Thisinterestlaterdevelopedintoapassion,onethatshedecidedtopursuebymajoringinartsandcraftsdesignduringhertimeinuniversity.Aftergraduation,however,shefoundherselfworkingatashipdesigncompanyasshewasunsureaboutwhatshewantedtodowithherfuture.Aboutayearlater,theShanghaiArtsandCraftsResearchInstituteofferedherapositionintheirpaper-cuttingdepartment.Realizingthatshestillhadaloveforthecraft,sheswitchedhercareer.In2010,shestartedlearningpaper-cuttingfromXiXiaoqin,thenationalinheritoroftheintangibleculturalheritageforpaper-cutting.Threeyearslater,oneofherworks,TheFightingFish,wonthirdplaceattheBaihuaCup,acompetitionforChineseartsandcrafts.Sixyearslater,ShiwasnamedaShanghaipaper-cuttinginheritorandbecomethecity’s“youngestinheritor”ofthepaper-cuttingheritage.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutShifromParagraph1?A.Scissorsareimportantforherforself-protection.B.Scissorsaresignificantforherforartisticexpression.C.Shecreatesartbydrawingwhenevershehasinspiration.D.Sheisapaper-cuttingartistaswellasapainterandwriter.25.WhydidShiworkatashipdesigncompanyaftergraduation?A.Shewasatalosswhattodointhefuture. B.Shemajoredinshipdesigninuniversity.C.Shewassurethatshelovedtodesignships. D.Shewantedtobeaninheritorofthecompany.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“switched”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Adopted. B.Hatched. C.Changed. D.Reformed.27.WhatcanweinferfromShi’sexperience?A.Interestisthebestteacher. B.Pridegoesbeforeafall.C.It’snevertoolatetolearn. D.AllroadsleadtoRome.【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了剪紙藝術(shù)家史秦嶺從事剪紙的經(jīng)過(guò)以及取得的成就。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Tothispaper-cuttingartist,ShiQinling,scissorsarelikewhatbrushesaretopainters,orwhatpensaretowriters.Alwayshavingapairofscissorsonheralsoallowshertocreateartwheneverinspirationhits.(剪刀對(duì)于這位剪紙藝術(shù)家史秦嶺來(lái)說(shuō)，就像畫(huà)筆對(duì)于畫(huà)家，筆對(duì)于作家一樣。總是帶著一把剪刀也能讓她在靈感來(lái)襲時(shí)創(chuàng)造藝術(shù))”可知，剪刀對(duì)Shi的藝術(shù)表達(dá)意義重大。故選B。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Aftergraduation,however,shefoundherselfworkingatashipdesigncompanyasshewasunsureaboutwhatshewantedtodowithherfuture.(然而，畢業(yè)后，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在一家船舶設(shè)計(jì)公司工作，因?yàn)樗淮_定自己未來(lái)想做什么)”可知，Shi畢業(yè)后在船舶設(shè)計(jì)公司工作是因?yàn)樗恢缹?lái)要做什么。故選A。【26題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“Aftergraduation,however,shefoundherselfworkingatashipdesigncompanyasshewasunsureaboutwhatshewantedtodowithherfuture.Aboutayearlater,theShanghaiArtsandCraftsResearchInstituteofferedherapositionintheirpaper-cuttingdepartment.(然而，畢業(yè)后，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在一家船舶設(shè)計(jì)公司工作，因?yàn)樗淮_定自己未來(lái)想做什么。大約一年后，上海工藝美術(shù)研究院給她提供了一個(gè)剪紙部門(mén)的職位)”以及畫(huà)線詞上文“Realizingthatshestillhadaloveforthecraft,she”可知，Shi一開(kāi)始在船舶設(shè)計(jì)公司工作，后來(lái)意識(shí)到自己喜歡剪紙，所以改變了職業(yè)。故畫(huà)線詞意思是“改變”。故選C。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Shidevelopedaninterestinhandicraftwhenshewasachildwhooftenfoundherselfaloneathome.Outofboredom,shewouldplaywithpaper,foldingandcuttingthemintodifferentshapes.Thisinterestlaterdevelopedintoapassion,onethatshedecidedtopursuebymajoringinartsandcraftsdesignduringhertimeinuniversity.(當(dāng)她還是個(gè)經(jīng)常獨(dú)自在家的孩子時(shí)，她就對(duì)手工產(chǎn)生了興趣。無(wú)聊的時(shí)候，她會(huì)玩紙，把它們折成不同的形狀。這種興趣后來(lái)發(fā)展成一種熱情，她決定在大學(xué)期間主修工藝美術(shù)設(shè)計(jì))”結(jié)合文章主要講述了剪紙藝術(shù)家史秦嶺從事剪紙的經(jīng)過(guò)以及取得的成就。可推知，興趣是最好的老師。故選A。CInMay2020,asthefirstwaveoftheCOVID-19pandemicsweptTexas,IwenttoanAustinnaturestoreandboughtseveralbirdfeeders.Variousbirds,drawnbyseedandotherfood,camesoonafterward.Iwasn’talone.Feedershavelongbeenapopularwaytoconnectwithnatureanddrawinnativeornonnativespecies.Butoverthepasttwoyears,birdfeedinghassuddenlyincreasedinpopularity.Thebenefitsofallofthissupplyinghavetendedtogounquestioned.Afterall,habitatdestructionfromhumanactivityisaleadingcauseofbirdpopulationdeclines,sofeedingbirdsseemslikeanobviouswaytohelpmakeupforthatloss.Butarecentreviewpaperraisesatroublingpossibility:birdfeedingcouldbereshapingsomelocalenvironments.“Ifyou’rethrowingmillionsoftonsofadditionalnonnaturalresourcesintoanenvironment,you’regoingtogetmassive,massiveimpacts,”saysleadstudyauthorJackShutt,aconservationecologistatManchesterMetropolitanUniversityinEngland.“Andthey’renotalwaysgoingtobetheonesthatyou’reexpecting.”Birdfeedingcarriesafewwell-recognizedrisks.Thefirstamongthemisdiseasespread.In2005scientistsconcludedthatsharedfeedersintheU.K.mayhavehelpeddovetrichomoniasis(滴蟲(chóng)病)jumpintoEuropeanGreenfinches,asaresult,itkilleduptohalfamillionbirds.IntheU.S.,trichomoniasisoutbreaksconnectedwithdirtyfeedersarecommonbirdkillers.“You’vegotdifferentspeciespecking(啄食)atthesamebitofplastic,whichiscoveredinvariousbirdbodilyliquid,”saysstudyco-authorAlexanderLees,anbirdexpertatManchesterMetropolitanUniversity.“It’sacauseofdisaster.”What’snecessary,Leessays,istakingthepotentialimpactsseriouslyenoughtocarryoutfurtherstudy,whichwouldallowexpertstomakemuchmorerecommendationsaboutwheretofeedandwheretoavoidit.Suchstudiescouldalsohelpresearchersmaketargetedrecommendationsaboutwhatsortsoffoodtooffer.28.Whatdopeopletendtobelieveaboutbirdfeeding?A.Itcanprotectnativespecies.B.Itcanattractnonnativespecies.C.Itcanpreventmorebirdsbeingkilled.D.Itcanpreventbirdpopulationdeclining.29.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldShuttandLeesagreeto?A.Birdfeedingshouldbeprohibited.B.Birdfeedingisacommercialactivity.C.Birdfeedingcanbeadisasterforbirds.D.Birdfeedingwillnotinfluenceecosystem.30.WhatmightexpertsdointhefutureinLees’opinion?A.Callonpeopletostopfeedingbirds.B.Encouragemorepeopletofeedbirds.C.Helppeoplefeedbirdsmorescientifically.D.Advocatebirds’peckingatthesameplastic.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Birdfeeding:SpreadingdiseasesB.BirdFeeders:GoodorbadforbirdsC.BirdFeeders:OfgreatbenefittobirdsD.COVID-19:Aterribledisasterforbirds【答案】28D29.C30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)喂養(yǎng)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)疾病的傳播，對(duì)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)是一種災(zāi)難。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Thebenefitsofallofthissupplyinghavetendedtogounquestioned.Afterall,habitatdestructionfromhumanactivityisaleadingcauseofbirdpopulationdeclines,sofeedingbirdsseemslikeanobviouswaytohelpmakeupforthatloss.”（所有這些供應(yīng)的好處往往是毋庸置疑的。畢竟，人類(lèi)活動(dòng)對(duì)棲息地的破壞是鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)數(shù)量下降的主要原因，因此喂養(yǎng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)似乎是彌補(bǔ)這一損失的一種公認(rèn)的方式。）可知，人們傾向于認(rèn)為喂養(yǎng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)是彌補(bǔ)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)數(shù)量下降的一種公認(rèn)的方式，由此可知，關(guān)于喂養(yǎng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)，人們往往認(rèn)為它可以防止鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)數(shù)量下降。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Butarecentreviewpaperraisesatroublingpossibility:birdfeedingcouldbereshapingsomelocalenvironments.'Ifyou’rethrowingmillionsoftonsofadditionalnonnaturalresourcesintoanenvironment,you’regoingtogetmassive,massiveimpacts,'saysleadstudyauthorJackShutt,aconservationecologistatManchesterMetropolitanUniversityinEngland.”（但最近的一篇評(píng)論文章提出了一個(gè)令人不安的可能性：喂養(yǎng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)可能會(huì)改變一些當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境。該研究的主要發(fā)起人，來(lái)自英國(guó)曼徹斯特城市大學(xué)的保護(hù)生態(tài)學(xué)家杰克·舒特說(shuō)：“如果你向環(huán)境中投入數(shù)百萬(wàn)噸額外的非自然資源，你將產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。”）可知，舒特認(rèn)為喂養(yǎng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)可能會(huì)對(duì)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境造成不良影響；根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“'You’vegotdifferentspeciespecking(啄食)atthesamebitofplastic,whichiscoveredinvariousbirdbodilyliquid,'saysstudyco-authorAlexanderLees,anbirdexpertatManchesterMetropolitanUniversity.'It’sacauseofdisaster.'”（“你的行為會(huì)讓不同物種啄食同一塊塑料，塑料上覆蓋著各種鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的體液。”研究的合著者，來(lái)自曼徹斯特城市大學(xué)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)專(zhuān)家亞歷山大·李斯說(shuō)。“這是災(zāi)難的原因。”）可知，李斯認(rèn)為喂養(yǎng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)可能會(huì)給鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)帶來(lái)災(zāi)難，由此可知，舒特和李斯認(rèn)為喂養(yǎng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)對(duì)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)來(lái)說(shuō)可能是一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。故選C項(xiàng)。30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句“What’snecessary,Leessays,istakingthepotentialimpactsseriouslyenoughtocarryoutfurtherstudy,whichwouldallowexpertstomakemuchmorerecommendationsaboutwheretofeedandwheretoavoidit.”（李斯說(shuō)，必要的是認(rèn)真對(duì)待潛在的影響，進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的研究，這將使專(zhuān)家們能夠就在哪里喂養(yǎng)和在哪里避免喂養(yǎng)提出更多的建議。）可知，李斯認(rèn)為專(zhuān)家們應(yīng)該進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的研究，為人們?cè)谀睦镂桂B(yǎng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和在哪里避免喂養(yǎng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)提出更多的建議，幫助人們更科學(xué)地喂養(yǎng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)，由此可知，在李斯看來(lái)，專(zhuān)家們將來(lái)會(huì)幫助人們更科學(xué)地喂養(yǎng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀文章，結(jié)合第二段關(guān)鍵句“Thebenefitsofallofthissupplyinghavetendedtogounquestioned.Afterall,habitatdestructionfromhumanactivityisaleadingcauseofbirdpopulationdeclines,sofeedingbirdsseemslikeanobviouswaytohelpmakeupforthatloss.Butarecentreviewpaperraisesatroublingpossibility:birdfeedingcouldbereshapingsomelocalenvironments.”（所有這些供應(yīng)的好處都傾向于是毋庸置疑的。畢竟，人類(lèi)活動(dòng)對(duì)棲息地的破壞是鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)數(shù)量下降的主要原因，因此喂養(yǎng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)似乎是彌補(bǔ)這一損失的一種公認(rèn)的方式。但最近的一篇評(píng)論文章提出了一個(gè)令人不安的可能性：喂養(yǎng)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)可能會(huì)改變一些當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境。）可知，文章主要介紹了人們傾向于相信鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)喂養(yǎng)可以防止鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)數(shù)量下降，但一項(xiàng)研究表明，鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)喂養(yǎng)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)疾病的傳播，對(duì)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)是一種災(zāi)難，由此可知，文章主要討論的是鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)喂養(yǎng)對(duì)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的利弊，“BirdFeeders:Goodorbadforbirds”意為“鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)喂食者：對(duì)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)是好是壞”，選項(xiàng)能夠概括文章主要內(nèi)容。故選B項(xiàng)。DPerhapsunsurprisingly,buffoonery(滑稽)wasoneoffewcareersacceptableforwomentopursueintheMiddleAge.Anditwasnotuncommonforwomentoenjoythiscareer.However,inthe17thcentury,comedianswereforcedtosociety’sedgeastheirtendencytotruth-tellingwasnolongertoleratedamonghighsocietyandwomen,bearingtheweightofgenderprejudice,wereseldomamongthiscareer.Thisslowlybegantochangeinthemid-19thcenturywhenwomenbegantoentertheworkforceand,inthecircus(馬戲表演)industry,agrowingminorityoffemaleperformerswereemployed.Theypromotedtheindustry’s“NewWoman”movementwhichintroducedfemaleperformersintothetraditionallymalestage.In1895,amongthewomenbreakingtheprejudicewasJosephineWilliamsor“LadyEvetta”calledthe“TheOnlyLadyClown(小丑)”.WilliamstoldTheNewYorkTimes:“Ibelievethatawomancandoanythingforalivingthatamancandoanddoitjustaswellasaman.AllmypeoplelaughedatmewhenItoldthemthatIwasgoingonstageasaclown.Buttheydonotlaughnow.”Despiteherbeingoptimistic,thearticleconcluded:“ThemenintheclownbusinessratherenjoyMissWilliams’oddperformancesbuttheydonotregardherasaseriouscompetitororbelievethatanyotherwomenarelikelytofollowherexample.”Howwrongtheywere.Inthe1970s,French-bornAnnieFratelliniopenedthecircusschoolAcadémieFratelliniencouragedbyherfilm-makinghusbandPierreEtaix.Fratellini’sAugustewasrecognizableastheclownfamiliartoday.Heruniquemake-upwasmadeupofabigrednose,tears,ablackmouthandshinydecorationsfixedtohereyes.Whenaskedwhetherthecharactersheactedwasmaleorfemale,sheinsistedthat“clownshavenogender”.32.Whathappenedinthe17thcenturyfromParagraph2?A.Fewwomenworkedascomedians.B.Comediansdisappearedinthesociety.C.Malecomedianswereforcedoutofsociety.D.Comedianswerepopularamonghighsociety.33.Whatispeople’sattitudetoWilliamsasaclownatfirst?A.Supportive. B.Appreciative. C.Impatient. D.Unacceptable.34.Whocreatedtheclownimagefamiliartoustoday?A.PierreEtaix. B.AnnieFratellini.C.LadyEvetta. D.JosephineWilliams.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thehistoryoffemaleclowns. B.Thedevelopmentofbuffoonery.C.Womensufferedfromprejudice. D.Howwomenbroketheprejudice.【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了從中世紀(jì)到17世紀(jì)，再到19世紀(jì)中期，最后到20世紀(jì)70年代介紹了女性從事滑稽戲的發(fā)展歷史。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二自然段“However,inthe17thcentury,comedianswereforcedtosociety’sedgeastheirtendencytotruth-tellingwasnolongertoleratedamonghighsocietyandwomen,bearingtheweightofgenderprejudice,wereseldomamongthiscareer.（然而，在17世紀(jì)，喜劇演員被迫站在社會(huì)的邊緣，因?yàn)樗麄冎v真話的傾向在上流社會(huì)中不再被容忍，而肩負(fù)性別偏見(jiàn)的女性很少出現(xiàn)在這一職業(yè)中。）”可知，很少有女性擔(dān)任喜劇演員。故選A。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五自然段“AllmypeoplelaughedatmewhenItoldthemthatIwasgoingonstageasaclown.（當(dāng)我告訴他們我是作為一個(gè)小丑上臺(tái)的時(shí)候，我所有的人都嘲笑我。）”可知，人們起初認(rèn)為Williams扮演小丑是不可接受的。A.Supportive支持的；B.Appreciative欣賞的，感激的；C.Impatient沒(méi)耐心的；D.Unacceptable不可接受的。故選D。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“Fratellini’sAugustewasrecognizableastheclownfamiliartoday.（Fratellini飾演的Auguste是當(dāng)今人們熟悉的小丑。）”可知，人們很熟悉AnnieFratellini所演的小丑角色。故選B。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。本文主要從中世紀(jì)到17世紀(jì)，再到19世紀(jì)中期，最后到20世紀(jì)70年代介紹了女性從事滑稽戲的發(fā)展歷史。A項(xiàng)Thehistoryoffemaleclowns“女性小丑的歷史”最能概括文章主旨。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Inmoderntimes,mostpeoplefeelstressedthemajorityofthetime.Ourstresscomesfromwork,family,responsibilities,relationships,andthefastpaceoflife.___36___Accordingtoastudy,readingjust6minutesperdaycanlowerpressureby68%.Researchersanalyzedcortisollevels(皮質(zhì)醇水平)andheartratesofparticipantsbeforeobservinghowtheyrespondedtodifferenttasks.___37___Thisincludedlisteningtomusic(61%),havingacupofteaorcoffee(54%),andtakingawalk(42%).Theyalsofoundthatplayingvideogamesloweredstresslevelsby21%,butincreasedheartrate.“Losingyourselfinabookisthebestrelaxation,”Dr.DavidLewis,researcher,andneuropsychologist(神經(jīng)心理學(xué)家)said.“___38___Youcanescapefromtheworriesandstressesoftheeverydayworldthroughreading.”___39___Ifyoumostlyreadthenews,youwilllikelyfeelevenmorestressedduetotheharmfulcontent.However,ifyoureadaboutlight-heartedpositivetopicssuchashowtostartagardenorhowtheplanetsaffectourmoods,youwillnoticeadecreaseinstress.Youmaynotthinkreadingbookscanreallychangeyourlifethatmuch.___40___Readingcandomorethanreducestressandmakeushappier.Let’sspendmoretimereadingthanwedoonoursmartphones.A.Readingbooksincreasedheartrate.B.Itreallydoesn’tmatterwhatbookyouread.C.Whateveryoureaddoesn’thaveeffectsonyourstress.D.Whatyouchoosetoreaddeterminesyourstressdegree.E.Readingbooksloweredtheirstresslevelsmorethanalltheotheractivities.F.However,wecanfindwaystoturneverythingoffforawhileandrelaxourminds.G.Butthestudyshowsthatthissmallactivitycanmakeabigdifferenceinourhealth.【答案】36.F37.E38.B39.D40.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述讀書(shū)對(duì)減少生活壓力的作用。【36題詳解】由下文“Accordingtoastudy,readingjust6minutesperdaycanlowerpressureby68%.(根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究，每天僅閱讀6分鐘就可以降低68%的壓力。)”可知，這里在講用讀書(shū)降低壓力。而F項(xiàng)“However,wecanfindwaystoturneverythingoffforawhileandrelaxourminds.(然而，我們可以找到方法暫時(shí)關(guān)掉一切，放松我們的大腦。)”，其中“findways”與后文“readingjust6minutes”對(duì)應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)。【37題詳解】由上文“Accordingtoastudy,readingjust6minutesperdaycanlowerpressureby68%.Researchersanalyzedcortisollevelsandheartratesofparticipantsbeforeobservinghowtheyrespondedtodifferenttasks.(根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究，每天僅閱讀6分鐘就可以降低68%的壓力。研究人員分析了參與者的皮質(zhì)醇水平和心率，然后觀察他們對(duì)不同任務(wù)的反應(yīng)。)”可知，前文講閱讀可以減少壓力。而E項(xiàng)“Readingbooksloweredtheirstresslevelsmorethanalltheotheractivities.(讀書(shū)比其他活動(dòng)更能降低他們的壓力水平。)”其中“Readingbooks”與前文對(duì)應(yīng)，“l(fā)oweredtheirstresslevels”與前文“l(fā)owerpressureby68%”對(duì)應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)。【38題詳解】由上文““Losingyourselfinabookisthebestrelaxation,”Dr.DavidLewis,researcher,andneuropsychologistsaid.(研究人員、神經(jīng)心理學(xué)家大衛(wèi)·劉易斯博士說(shuō)：“沉浸在書(shū)中是最好的放松。”。)”可知，作者在講讀書(shū)的放松作用。而B(niǎo)項(xiàng)“Itreallydoesn’tmatterwhatbookyouread.(你讀什么書(shū)真的無(wú)關(guān)緊要。)”，符合語(yǔ)境，其中“book”與前文“abook”對(duì)應(yīng)。故選B項(xiàng)。【39題詳解】由下文“Ifyoumostlyreadthenews,youwilllikelyfeelevenmorestressedduetotheharmfulcontent.However,ifyoureadaboutlight-heartedpositivetopicssuchashowtostartagardenorhowtheplanetsaffectourmoods,youwillnoticeadecreaseinstress.(如果你主要閱讀新聞，你可能會(huì)因?yàn)橛泻?nèi)容而感到更大壓力。然而，如果你讀到一些輕松愉快的積極話題，比如如何開(kāi)園或行星如何影響我們的情緒，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)壓力有所減輕。)”可知，作者這里講閱讀不同內(nèi)容對(duì)人心情的影響。而D項(xiàng)“Whatyouchoosetoreaddeterminesyourstressdegree.(你選擇閱讀的內(nèi)容決定了你的壓力程度。)”其中“Whatyouchoosetoread”與前文“readthenews”和“readaboutlight-heartedpositivetopics”對(duì)應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)。【40題詳解】由下文“Readingcandomorethanreducestressandmakeushappier.(閱讀不僅可以減輕壓力，讓我們更快樂(lè)。)”可知，這里在講閱讀的益處。而G項(xiàng)“Butthestudyshowsthatthissmallactivitycanmakeabigdifferenceinourhealth.(但研究表明，這種小小的活動(dòng)可以對(duì)我們的健康產(chǎn)生很大的影響。)”其中“m