1Thosesecond-handpianosaresellinglikehotcakes,ifyouwantone,you'dbetterbuyonenow

beforethey'reallgone.

selllikehotcakes=sellverywellorveryquickly

2WheneverIhovetomokeaspeechIgetbutterfliesinmystomach.

getbutterfliesinone'sstomach=getnervous

3Hewoulddoanythingforhisdaughter.Shewastheappleofhiseye.

betheappleofone'seye=beveryprecioustosb.

4Lendme$30,please,Tom,I'mbrokeatthemoment.

bebroke=doesn'thaveanymoney

5Theaccidentwascausedbyataxidriverjumpingthegreenlight.

jumpthegreenlight=doesn'twaitforthetrafficlightstochangetogreen

6Youdidn'tthinkIwasserious,didyou,Joe!Itwasajoke!Iwaspullingyourleg,that'sall.

pullone'sleg=teasesomeone,逗某人玩

7BecdUbeUieownerwarileddquickbale,Ihepainlingwenlford5urig-orily$1000.

Ifsomething"goesforasong",itissoldverycheaply

8Hecaughtthelasttrainbytheskinofhisteeth.

Bytheskinofone'steeth=thepersononlyjustcaughtthelasttrain;healmostmissedit.

9Therewasashortageoffood;soyouhadtopaythroughthenoseforwhatyoucouldfind.

To"paythroughthenose"forsomethingistopayfarmoreforsomethingthanitisreallyworth

10Ifhefindsoutwhatyoudidwiththecompany'smoney,he'llhittheroof.

Hittheroof=getveryangry

11Theskygotverydarkandsoontherainbegantobucketdown.

Bucketdown=rainveryheavily

12TheyallchipinforthebenefitofSimpson'swidowandlittlechild.

chipin=contributemoney捐獻

13Heusuallybuyshisclothesoffthepeg.It'scheaperthangoingtoadressmaker.

Offthepegclothes二成衣

14Nowstopbeatingaboutthebushandtellmewhathappened!

beataboutthebush=avoidsayingdirectlywhatyoumean

15Ireallymustgoandliedownforawhile;l'vegotasplittingheadache.

splittingheadache=painfulheadache

1.AridregionsinthesouthwesternUnitedStateshavebecomeincreasinglyinvitingplaygrounds

forthegrowingnumberofrecreationseekerswhoownvehiclessuchasmotorcyclesorpov/ered

trailbikesandindulgeinhill-climbingcontestsorincavingnewtrailsinthedesert.

美國西部的不毛之地正成為玩耍的地方，對越來越多擁有摩托車或越野單車類車輛的，

喜歡放縱于爬坡比賽或開辟新的沙漠通道的尋歡作樂者具備不停增加的吸引力。

2.Stonedoesdelay,andsotoolsoflongagohaveremainedwheneventhebonesofthe

manwhomadethemhavedisappearedwithouttrace.

石頭不會腐爛，因此此前的（石器）工具能保存下來.雖然它們的制造者已經(jīng)消失的無

影無蹤。

3.Insectswouldmakeitimpossibleforustoliveintheworld;theywoulddevouraIour

cropsandkillourflocksandherds,ifitwerenotfortheprotectionwegetfrominsect-eating

animals.

昆蟲就將會使我們無法在這個世界上居住;假如我們沒有受到以昆蟲為食的動物的保

護，昆蟲就會吞嚼掉我們所有的莊稼并殺死我們喂養(yǎng)的禽獸。

4.IlistrueIhdlduringllieirexplurdliunbllieyuflenfaceddifficulliebanddangerbcfIlie

mostperilousnature,equippedinamannerwhichwouldmakeamodernclimbershudderatthe

thought,buttheydidnotgooutoftheirwaytocourtsuchexcitement.

確實，他們在探險中遇到了極具威脅性的困難和危險，而他們的裝備會讓一個當(dāng)代登山

者想一想都會滿身顫栗。不過他們并不是刻意去追求刺激的。

5.Thereisonlyonedifferencebetweenanoldmanandayoungone:theyoungmanhasa

gloriousfuturebeforehimandoldonehasasplendidfuturebehindhim:andmaybethatis

wheretherubis.

老人和年輕人之間只有一個區(qū)分：年輕人的前面有輝煌的將來，老年人燦爛的將來卻已

在它們身后。這也許就是困難之所在。

6.Ifindyoungpeopleexciting.Theyhaveanairoffreedom,andtheyhavenotadreary

commitmenttomeanambitionsorlovecomfort.Theyarenotanxioussocialclimbers,andthey

havenodevotiontomaterialthings.

我們?yōu)槟陱娙苏駣^。他們帶有fire的氣息，他們不會為狹隘的野心和貪婪享受而孜孜

以求。他們不是焦慮的向上爬的人，他們不會對物質(zhì)性的東西難舍難分。

7.IamalwaysamazecwhenIhearpeoplesayingthatsportcreatesgoodwillbetweenthe

nations,andthatifonlythecommonpeoplesoftheworldcouldmeetoneanotheratfootballor

cricket,theywouldhavenoinclinationtomeetonthebattlefield.

每次我據(jù)說體育運動能夠在國家間建立起友好感情，說世界各地的一般人只要能在足

球場或板球場上相遇就會沒有興趣在戰(zhàn)場上相遇的話，我都倍感詫異e

8.Itisimpossibletosaysimplyforthefunandexercise:assoonasthequestionofprestige

arises,assoonasyoufeelthatyouandsomelargerunitwillbedisgracedifyoulose,themost

savagecombativeinstinctsarearound.

沒有也許僅僅為了娛樂或鍛煉而運動：一旦有了問題，一旦你以為你輸了你和你所屬團

體會有失體面時，你最橫蠻的好斗本能就會被激發(fā)出來。

9.Ithasbeenfoundthatcertainbatsemitsqueaksandbyreceivingtheechoes,theycan

locateandsteerclearofobstacles.......orlocateflyinginsectsonwhichtheyfeed.This

echo-locationinbatsisoftencomparedwithradar,theprincipleofwhichissimilar.

人們已經(jīng)發(fā)覺，某些蝙蝠發(fā)出尖叫聲并靠接收回響來鎖定和防止障礙物一一或者找到

它們賴以為生的昆蟲。蝙蝠這種回響定位法常拿來和原理與之很相近似的雷達相比。

10.Asthetimeandcostofmakingaclipdroptoafewdaysandafewhundreddollars,

engineersmaysoonbefreetolettheirimaginationssoarwithoutbeingpenalizedbyexpensive

failure.

伴隨芯片制造時間和費用減少到了幾天和幾百美元，工程師們也許很快能夠任他們的

想象馳騁而不會被昂貴的失敗所處罰

句子開頭

1.用分詞開頭

a)Overcomebythegrief,Winstontookrefugeatthehomeoffriendsin

Scotland.

b)DelightedwithanythingthatdistractedWinstonfromthedarkthoughtsthat

overwhelmedhim,Clementinerushedofftobuywhateverpaintsandmaterialsshecouldfird.

2.用不定式短語開頭

a)Tohelpstudentsunderstanddeathasthenaturalendofalifecycle,theschool

introducesanoncreditcourse-death.

b)Tomeetourenergyneeds,competewithforeignindustry,andmaintainourstandardof

living,weneedstaggeredamountsofnewcapital.

3.用介詞開頭

用apartfrom,besides,despite,before,in,for,by,without,with,thanksto等介詞短語開頭,是

使句子生動變化的一個伎倆。

a)Despitetheirmenacingappearance,mostreptilesaren'treallyviciousifyouleave

themalone.

b)Withtheadventoftheinternet,ourworldhasshrunkmoreinasinglegenerationthan

inthepreceding5000years.

c)Withintheconfinesofthewomen'sliberationistideology,therefore,theabolitionof

thisoverridinginequalityofwomenbecomestheprimarygoal.

d)FromthemomentwesteppedintothePeople'sRepublicofChina,careandkindness

surroundedusoneveryside.

e)Undertheplacidsurfaceoflifetherealwayswasdissatisfiedrestlessnesseversincethe

endoftheAlliedoccupationregime.

4.用抽象名詞開頭

a)Theharshnessandhostilityofourenvironment,andthehidden,indefinablethreat

thatisalwaysafloatintheair,obligeustocloseourselvesin.

b)Thattoleranceforchangealsorepresentsdeeplyrootedideasoffreedom.

c)HopepersistedinMarshallbecausetheonlyalternativewasamilitarysolution.

d)Publicawarenessoftheenvironmenthascreatedasurgeofinterestinhomegardening

andurbanhorticultureandhasledtotheincreaseduseoflandscapingtomodifythefunctional

andaestheticaspectsofthesurroundings.

5.用副詞或形容詞開頭

a)Backinthe1960s,scholarsadvisedtheAmericanpublic

thatautomationwasmakingworkunnecessary,sothebigproblemofthefuturewouldbehow

tocopewithanoverabundanceofthefreetime.

b)Basically,suchattitudeamounttorecognitionthatleisure

isanimportantareaoflifeandabeliefthatleisurecanandshouldbeputtogooduse.

c)Shrewdandpowerful,hehadenormousinfluenceupon

thekingsofTrance.

d)Confidentofaquickvictory.Hitlerexpectedthecamoaign

tolastnolongerthanthreemonths.

6.用itis+V-ed短語開頭

a)Ithasoftenbeenremarkedthatthesaddestthingabout

youthisthatitiswastedontheyoung.

b)Itiswidelyacceptedthatsomechildrenwerejustnot

equippedbyndlurelupuiweUiibki(i(Jufeducaliuri.

c)Itwasgenerallyassumed,however,thatnativespeaker

competenceintheStandardEnglishwasacquiredthroughformallearning.

7.用thereis結(jié)構(gòu)開頭

a)Inadditiontothis,thereisthegrowingmobilityofpeople

sinceWorldWarII.

b)Thereistheappreciationofthesalienthistoricaltruth

thattheagingofadvancedsocietieshasbeenasuddenchange.

c)Thereisoftenresistancetotheideathatitisbecausethe

birthratefellearlierinWesternandNorthwesternEuropethanelsewhere,thatwehavegrownso

old.

I句子結(jié)構(gòu)

在雅思大作文部分要取得7分以上的高分，必須要句型多樣，而大多生考生都不懂得怎樣變

換舉行，如下就簡介幾個常用的措施。

1.定語從句

用定語從句改寫下列句子(不變化意義)

1.TheChinesecharacterhaocombinesthesymbolfor“woman“withthesymbolfor"boy".

TheChinesecharactermeans"good".

2.Thetestsdonotmeasuregenuineintellectualability.Collegesusetheteststocareen

applicantsforadmission.

3.Thefollowingaretypicalofthenatureoftheircrime.Thepatternofthencanbetraced

toanysectiontothecountry.

2.分詞短語

利用分詞短語不但變化了原有的句型，并且能使句子間的語義關(guān)系愈加清楚。請比較下面的

句子：

1.AnIQscoreisstampedonapermanentschoolrecord.Itmayinfluenceteacher

expectations.Itmayalsodetermineachild'sfuture.

2.Uncheckedpopulationgrowthisnotmerelyanannoyingproblem.Itisnotmerely

exaggeratedbypessimistswhoalwaysworryaboutthefuture.Itis,onthecontrary,themost

seriousproblemhumanityfacestoday.

3.AuniversityprofessorinArizonawasassignedtotutorunderachievingcollegeathletes.

Herecalledarunnerwhoexerciseddaily.

4.Inalectureoneconomics,curiousstudentswouldaskhowtheChineseeconomycould

bebothbucidliblandrnarkel-driven.Inlliibwaytheyinlereblllienibelvebnulunlyinwlidl,bul

alsoinwhys.

3.雙重否定句

英語中常常用兩個否定詞來體現(xiàn)一個肯定的意思。

Youcanztlendyourmarkedbooktoyourfriendsbecausenobodyelsecan

readthemwithoutbeingdistractedbyyournotes.

ii.YouwillnevercatchmewithafreefifteenminutesinwhichI'mnotreading

something.

iii.Probablythereisnotoneherewhohasnotinthecourseofthedayhad

occasiontosetinmotionacomplextrainofreasoning.

iv.Regardlessofwherethebookscamefrom,IcannotrememberatimewhenI

wasnotinlovewiththem.

4.比較級句

比較英漢句子，英語通過比較級來體現(xiàn)意思的句子遠比漢語多得多。

i.FewproblemsinAmericacausesomuchconcernandwidespreadpublicinterestas

doestheproblemofyouthfulmisbehavioranddelinquency.

ii.Nowhere,however,iscommunicationsmoreimoortant,orlessstudiedthaninthe

interactionbetweenphysiciansandtheirpatientsaboutlifeanddeathdecision.

iii.Butwewouldnomoreturnthemawaythanhospitalwouldturnawayapatient.

iv.Asuccessfulmanmaybecalledagenius,butsuccessismorearesultofcommonsense

thanofgenius.

v.Askyscraperislesstheproductofarchitecturalvirtuositythanofeconomicnecessity.

vi.Sciencemovesforward,theysay,notsomuchthroughtheinsightofgreatmanofgenius

asbecauseofmoreordinar/thingslikeimprovedtechnologes.

5.同位語句

用同位語改寫下面句子。1意思不變）

1.Oneofthemostcontroversialpublicschoolissuesis//mainstreaming.,/Itisthegrowing

practiceofintegratingphysicallyandmentallyhandicappedchildrenintoregularclasses.

2.Idon'texpectyousimplytoagreeanddonothingmore.Iexpectyouaddsomethingthat

maybeareasonforagreeirg,anotherexample,oraremarktocarrytheideafurther.

3.Doingpart-timejobscanhelpustohaveabetterunderstandingofsociety.Thisis

anotherwaytogetknowledge.

4.EvenabriefvisittoGreece,whichidamoderngatewaytothegloryofthepast,givesyou

aprofoundsenseoftheroctsofourcivilization.

5.Sincesheisanexcellent,all-aroundstudentwithacongenialpersonality,sheisa

promisingcandidateforWOW.WOWisaninternationalscholarshipprogramforoutstanding

womenaroundtheworld.

6.后置修飾句

形容詞短語能夠起到定語從句的作用，但體現(xiàn)更為簡潔。

vii.TherewillbenoturningbackorhesitationontheroadtoanAmericarichindignityand

abundantwithopportunityforallourcitizens.

viii.Nationalissuesgrowmorecomplexdaily.So,too,doesourdependenceonhighereducation

forboththeskillsandtheknowledgenecessarytoourindividualsuccessinthisnewclimate.

ix.Ittakesyearsofconstantacademictoiltoreachalevelofsophisticationessentialto

functioneffectivelyintoday'sverycomplexworld.

x.Anationaleconomyfreeoftheburdenofdebt,populatedbyeducatedcitizensready

toworkandtocarefortheirneighborsmustbeourgoal.

7.插入語

在正常的句子中插入寫成份，也會給句子帶來某嶼變化V

xi.He(orshe)looksatpeopleinasimilarway,forthemananattractivegirl-andforthe

womananattractiveman-aretheprizestheyareafter.

xii.Attheendofthenineteenthandthebeginningofthiscentury,amanhadtobeaggressive

andambitious-todayhehastobesocialandtolerant-inordertobeattractive“package".

xiii.Ofcoursetheimportanceofthisdistinctionispopularly,ifsomewhatobscurely,recognized.

xiv.Ifonecitizenisunwillingtoparticipate,allofusaregoingtosuffer.Fortheidea,thoughitis

sharedbyallofus,isrealizedineachoneofus.

8.被動句

相比較，英語使用被動句的頻率遠高于漢語，因此作為一個變化的伎倆，被動句是一個不能

夠忽視的句型。

XV.However;verylittlecontrolcanbeexercisedoverthemediausedtogenerateinformation

thatcomestoyoufromtheoutside.

xvi.Ourpresencehereisrecognitionthatthiseternalproblemhasnowtakenanunprecedented

scaleanditcanonlybedealtwithbyconcretedworldwideaction.

xvii.However,therearesignsthatmuchmoreseriouseffortsmaybemusteredin

thereasonablynearfuture.

9.倒裝句

倒裝句一般用于上下句的連貫和句內(nèi)某些內(nèi)容的強調(diào)，但它同時又不失為句型變化的伎倆。

xviii.Notsincethecarradiohasatechnologysoalteredthenatureofthedriving

experienceasthecellulartelephone.

xix.Rarelycanrivalsinflictsuchseveredamage.TolaunchanewconsumerproductinAmerica

cancost$75m-100m;eventhen,mostfail.

xx.Fromthatsciencewillcometherealizationthatdespitetechnology,mandoesnot

exercisedominionovernature.

xxi.Moreperilousstillarecttemptstomilkadditionalsalesfrompremiumbrandsbytakingthem

downmarket.

10.破折號句

一般來說，破折號句能夠用在句子的任何地方，就如在演說中忽然停止一會兒，往往