限時練21選擇性必修第一冊UNIT2(A組)閱讀A

(外刊原味)

體裁：說明文主題語境：現代技術難度：★★

☆☆|The

Independent

Scientistshaveinventedadevicethatcanextractdrinkingwaterfromthinairusinganinnovativefin-likesystem.ThedevicecouldhelpmeetthegrowingglobaldemandforpotablewaterbyharvestingthetrillionsoflitresoffreshwaterintheEarth’satmosphere.AteamfromMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)intheUScameupwithalow-costandcompactsystemthatusesanapproachreferredtoassorption-basedatmosphericwaterharvesting(SAWH),whichmakesuseofwater-absorbent“fins”tocollectwater.

“Abouttwo-thirdsoftheglobalpopulationissufferingfromwaterscarcity,anditisestimatedthatabout40percentoftheglobalannualwaterdemandwillnotbemetby2030,posingfurtherchallengestopublichealth,andagriculture，”theresearchersnotedinastudydetailingthetechnology.

“Thereisabout1，300trillionlitresoffreshwaterintheatmospherethatcouldbereadilyharvestedwithoutrelyingontheexistingliquidwatersupply.Sorption-basedatmosphericwaterharvestingpromisespotablewaterproductioninextremedryenvironmentswhereconventionalatmosphericwaterharvestingsolutionssuchasfogharvestinganddewingareimpracticable.”ExistingSAWHsystemstypicallyrelyonsolarpower,however,inconsistentweatherconditionsandlowenergydensitymeantheyareunsuitableformeetingdailyhumanneeds.Thenewdeviceleverages(充分利用)wasteheattomeetthisdemandinwhatthescientistsclaimisalow-costandhigh-performancesolution.Calculationsbasedonaworkingprototypeofthesystemsuggestthat1litreofabsorbentcoatingonthefinscouldproduceupto1.3litresofpotablewaterperdayinairwith30percentrelativehumidity—avolumetwotofivetimesgreaterthanpreviouslydevelopedsystems.本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學家們發明了一種裝置，利用創新的鰭狀系統從稀薄的大氣水中提取飲用水，以滿足逐漸增長的用水需求。1.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethesystem?A.Influentialandeffective. B.Revolutionaryandprofitable.C.Creativeandbudget. D.Economicalandunique.C推理判斷題。由第一段中的“usinganinnovativefin-likesystem”和第二段中的“cameupwithalow-costandcompactsystem”可知，這個系統是具有創造性的且省錢的。答案與解析2.Whatmethodisworkableinextremedryenvironments?A.Fogharvesting. B.Conventionalwaterharvesting.C.Dewing. D.Sorption-basedatmosphericwaterharvesting.D細節理解題。由第四段中的最后一句“在極端干旱的環境中，傳統的大氣水收集解決方案(如霧收集和露水收集)是不可行的，基于吸附的大氣水收集有望生產飲用水?！笨芍谖降拇髿馑占强尚械?。答案與解析3.Whyarethecurrentsystemsinappropriateformeetingdailydemandforwater?A.Thereisnosufficientheattopowerthem.B.Theycannotbepoweredbywasteheat.C.Theyusesolarpowereasilyaffectedbyunstableweather.D.Theyfailtoworkinchangeableweather.C細節理解題。由第五段第一句可知，現有的SAWH系統通常依賴太陽能，然而，不穩定的天氣條件和低能量密度意味著它們不能滿足人類的日常需求。由此可知，現有的系統利用太陽能所以很容易受不穩定的天氣的影響，故C項正確。答案與解析4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.DrinkingWaterHarvestedfromThinAirB.PotableWaterStolenfromtheSkyC.Fin-likeDeviceFilteringDrinkingWaterD.FreshWaterObtainedfromtheAtmosphereA標題歸納題。文章第一段第一句“科學家們發明了一種裝置，可以使用一種創新的鰭狀系統從稀薄的空氣中提取飲用水”是文章主旨，故A項作為標題最合適。答案與解析閱讀B

體裁：說明文主題語境：技術創新難度：★★★☆☆

Americancompanieshavelearnedtoloverenewableresources.Now,theyarebeginningtogetinvolvedinnext-generationclimatesolutions.Anadvancedgeothermal(地熱的)projectsupportedbyGooglebegangeneratingelectricitylastweek,abigstepinseekingfortechnologythatcanaffordablyfillgapsinwindandsolargenerationwithcarbon-freepower.ThepilotprojectinnorthernNevadausesdrillingandfracking(水力壓裂法)techniquesemployedbytheoilandgasindustrytogetheatfromEarthtogeneratepower.GeothermaltechnologyhaslongbeenviewedasapotentialwaytotapthenaturalheatofEarthtomakecarbon-freepower.Butithastraditionallybeenlimitedtolocationswheretherearenaturalundergroundlakesofhotwater,whicharehardtoaccess.In2021,geothermalenergyaccountedforlessthanhalfapercentofAmerica’spowergeneration.FervoEnergy,aHouston-basedstartupgivesananswer—tousedrillingandfrackingtechniques.InNevada,thecompanydrilledtwowellstoadepthofabout8，000feetandthenextendedthemhorizontally(水平地)formorethan3，000feet.ThenFervoinjected(注入)coldwaterunderhighpressuretocausetherockbetweenthewellstobefracked,creatingfractures(裂縫).Wateristhenpumpedintothefirstwell,absorbingheatasitflowsthroughthefracturesandreturningtothesurfaceviathesecondwellattemperatureshighenoughtomakesteamandspinanengine.Theprojectrepresentsaconvergenceoftwocompanies’climateambitions.Fervohadsoughttoapplyadvancesinoilandgasdrillingtogeothermaltechnology.Butfindingfinancingtoprovethatthecompany’stechnologyworkedwasachallenge.LuckilyforFervo,GooglehadjuststartedreconsideringitsapproachtocleanenergyaroundthetimewhenFervowaslookingtotestitstechnology.

“Thedemandforclean,firmpowerissourgent,especiallynow，”saidGabrielMalek,chiefofstaffatFervo.“Andwe’rerecognizingthatthegeothermalprojectisoneworkableoptionavailabletous.Itispromising,actually.”這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了谷歌支持的一個先進地熱項目上周開始發電，這是在尋找技術方面邁出的一大步，該技術可以用無碳能源填補風能和太陽能發電的空白。5.Whatistheproblemwithgeothermalenergy?A.Itisinlittledemand. B.ItstillproducesCO2.C.Itisnoteasytoemploy. D.ItisrarelyseenonEarth.C推理判斷題。根據第三段“長期以來，地熱技術一直被視為利用地球自然熱能制造無碳電力的潛在途徑。但傳統上，它僅限于那些有天然地下熱水湖的地方，這些地下熱水湖很難得到。2021年，地熱能占美國發電量的比例不到0.5%?！笨芍?，地熱能的問題是很難使用。故選C。答案與解析6.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Howdrillingandfrackingtechniquescome.B.HownaturalheatonEarthcomesintobeing.C.Fervo’ssolutiontopollutioncausedbyenergy.D.Fervo’sapproachtoharvestinggeothermalenergy.D主旨大意題。根據第五段“在內華達州，該公司鉆了兩口井，深度約為8000英尺，然后將其水平延伸至3000多英尺。然后，Fervo在高壓下注入冷水，使井間的巖石破裂，形成裂縫。然后，水被泵入第一口井，在流經裂縫時吸收熱量，并在足夠高的溫度下通過第二口井返回地面，產生蒸汽并旋轉發動機?！笨芍?，第五段主要講的是Fervo收集地熱能的方法。故選D。答案與解析7.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“convergence”inparagraph6?A.Source. B.Barrier. C.Combination. D.Shift.C詞義猜測題。第六段中的“Fervohadsoughttoapplyadvancesinoilandgasdrillingtogeothermaltechnology.Butfindingfinancingtoprovethatthecompany’stechnologyworkedwasachallenge.LuckilyforFervo,Googlehadjuststartedreconsideringit；approachtocleanenergyaroundthetimewhenFervowaslookingtotestitstechnology.答案與解析(Fervo曾試圖將石油和天然氣鉆探方面的進展應用于地熱技術。但尋找資金來證明該公司的技術是可行的，這是一個挑戰。對Fervo來說幸運的是，谷歌剛剛開始重新考慮；在Fervo想要測試自己的技術的時候，他們就開始嘗試清潔能源。)”提到Fervo和谷歌這兩家公司的技術上的互動和結合，由此可知，此處表示該項目體現了兩家公司在氣候方面雄心的融合。由此猜測畫線詞convergence意為“融合，結合”，和C項combination“聯合，組合”意思一致。故選C。答案與解析8.WhatdoGabrielMalek’swordssuggest?A.Hiscompanyhasself-fundedtheproject.B.Heishopefulaboutthegeothermalproject.C.Hepromisestoprovidecleanpowerforfree.D.Hiscompanycooperateswithmanybusinesses.B推理判斷題。根據最后一段“‘對清潔、穩定的電力的需求非常迫切，尤其是現在，’Fervo的參謀長加布里埃爾·馬雷克說。‘我們認識到地熱項目對我們來說是一個可行的選擇。實際上，它很有前途。’”可知，加布里埃爾·馬雷克的話暗示了他對地熱項目充滿希望。故選B。答案與解析閱讀C

體裁：記敘文主題語境：優秀品行難度：★★★☆☆(閱讀C、D)

Yearsago,wewerelivinginabignicehouseandIwasgoingtothebestelementaryschoolinthecitywithmysiblings.Wehadeverythingwecouldhavewishedforandwewerestillaskingformore.MrSanchezusedtomowourlawns.Hewasveryhardworking.Often,hewouldbringhissonthatwasmyage.HehadmodesttoysandmodestclothesandhehadahardtimefittinginwithusmainlybecauseIwastooproudtoconsiderhimmyequal.HisnamewasGabrielandhewasasmartboy,despiteallhis“shortcomings”.Dayswentbyandwespentourtimearoundeachotherbutwithoutanycloseconnection.Fastforwardtoacoupleofyearsandmyfather’sbusinesshittherockbottom.Hispartnertookawayallthemoneyandleftthecountry.Soonwehadtoleaveourbighouseandsettleintoasmalloneandwewerehavingahardtimemeetingotherexpenses.MrSanchezwasverykindduringthattime.HeandGabrielcameonceaweekandhelpedmeandmysiblingsgetthingsinorder.ThatwaswhenGabrielandIbecamegoodfriends.WestartedtalkingintheeveningswhenIlearnthewasgoingtostartcollegeandhewasmuchsmarterthanme.Laterwecameupwithabusinessplanandfoundedastart-up.IfeltnoshameinconfessingthatGabrielwasmuchmoreinstrumentalintheriseofourcompany.Later,allofmyfather’sdebtwaspaidoffandwewereagainahappy,prosperousfamily.IwasatrulyrichmanbecauseIhadagreatfriendbymysideformywholelife.Thisexperiencewasavaluablelessonforme.Itdoesnottakealifeexperienceforpeopletogofromragstorichesortheotherwayaround.Whatisimportantissomeone’spersonandbehaviortowardhisotherfellowsinreallife.這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者從富裕到貧困再到重新崛起的經歷，以及在這個過程中作者和為他家修剪草坪的桑切斯先生的兒子

Gabriel成為一生的朋友的故事。文章強調了人品和行為的重要性。9.Whathappenedtotheauthor’sfamilyinhisearlyyears?A.Lifeexpenseswentupunexpectedly.B.Afinancialbreakdownhithisfamily.C.Theirhousewasillegallytakenaway.D.Theylostcloseconnectionwithothers.B細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Dayswentbyandwespentourtimearoundeachotherbutwithoutanycloseconnection.Fastforwardtoacoupleofyearsandmyfather’sbusinesshittherockbottom.Hispartnertookawayallthemoneyandleftthecountry.(日子一天天過去，我們在一起，但沒有任何密切的聯系。很快到幾年后，我父親的生意跌至谷底。他的合伙人拿走了所有的錢，離開了這個國家。)”可知，早年，作者的家庭遭遇了經濟崩潰。故選B。答案與解析10.Whatchangedtheauthor’sattitudetowardsGabriel?A.Theirpartnershipinbusiness.B.TheproofofGabriel’scapability.C.Thechangeofhislivingconditions.D.TheconsistenthelpfromGabriel.D推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“MrSanchezwasverykindduringthattime.HeandGabrielcameonceaweekandhelpedmeandmysiblingsgetthingsinorder.ThatwaswhenGabrielandIbecamegoodfriends.(桑切斯先生在那段時間非常善良。他和Gabriel每周來一次，幫我和我的兄弟姐妹把事情安排妥當。就在那時,Gabriel和我成了好朋友。)”可知,Gabriel的不斷幫助改變了作者對他的態度。故選D。答案與解析11.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeGabriel?A.Intelligentandloyal. B.Persistentandambitious.C.Introvertedbutgenerous.D.Hardworkingbutmodest.A推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“HisnamewasGabrielandhewasasmartboy,despiteallhis‘shortcomings’.(他的名字叫Gabriel,盡管他有‘缺點’，但他是個聰明的男孩。)”可知,Gabriel是一個聰明的孩子；再根據第五段“后來我們想出了一個商業計劃，成立了一家初創公司。我毫不羞愧地承認，Gabriel在我們公司的崛起中發揮了更大的作用。”可知，Gabriel一直陪伴在作者身旁奮斗，所以是一個忠誠的人。故選A。答案與解析12.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Likefather,likeson.B.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.D.Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.D推理判斷題。根據最后一段“這段經歷對我來說是一個寶貴的教訓。人們從赤貧到富裕或相反，不需要生活經驗。重要的是一個人的人品和在現實生活中對其他人的態度?！币约吧衔目芍恼轮饕v作者改變對Gabriel的看法，最后成為好朋友的故事，所以D項“Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.(切勿以貌取人。)”符合語境。故選D。答案與解析閱讀D

體裁：說明文主題語境：科學研究難度：★★★☆☆

WhenIfirstaspiredtobecomeasciencewriter,Iimaginedeachdaywouldbefilledwithinspirationandcreativity.Thereality,ofcourse,isfarlessenjoyablethanmyfantasies.Researchingastory,forexample,ofteninvolvesreadinglotsofdryandtechnicalpapersbeforeIfinallystrikegoldwiththeinformationthatIseek.Mostprofessions,Iimagine,includechallengingbutnecessarytasksthatsapenthusiasm.ButarecentpaperfromEdwardLaiattheHongKongPolytechnicUniversityandhiscolleaguesmayofferusallawaytoboostourmotivation.Itiscalledthe“easyaddendumeffect”,and,asthenamesuggests,itinvolvesendingeachworksessionwithamorepleasanttaskthatwillberelativelystraightforwardtocomplete.Thestrategywasinspiredbyaphenomenonknownasthe“peak-endrule”,whichmeansweoftenjudgeeventsbythewaytheyfinish,ratherthantheoverallexperience.Inoneexperiment,DanielKahnemanandhiscolleaguesaskedparticipantstoplungetheirhandsintowateratunpleasantlycoldtemperatures,thefirstgroupsimplyin14℃waterfor60seconds,whilethesecondoneweregivenafurther30secondsinwaterat15℃.Surprisingly,mostpreferredthesecondoption.Itseemstheirmemoryoftheexperimentonlyfocusedonthelastmoments,whichwasslightlymorepleasantinthe90-secondset-up.Theresearchsuggeststhatourimpressionsofworkfallpreytothesamepreference—andwecanusethattoouradvantage.Lai’steamgaveparticipantsaseriesofdulltasks—fromflexingtheirmusclesagainstheavyweightstosortingbooksintoalphabeticalorderoransweringcustomercomplaints.Ineachcase,participantsperformedthetaskswithorwithoutan“easyaddendum”attachedtotheendofthejob.Thosetestingtheirstrengthweregivenafewextraroundsoflighterweightswhilethoseansweringcustomerquerieswithsomemorestraightforwardrequests.Muchliketheice-bathexperiments,therewasnologicalreasonwhyloadingonadditionalworktoanexistingtaskshouldmakeitmorepleasantoverall.Buttheresearchersfoundthatthe“easyaddendums”significantlyreducedtheanticipateddifficultyandincreasedparticipants’satisfactionwiththeirjobs.SincelearningaboutLai’sresearch,Ihavetriedapplyingthisstrategytomyownwork.Writingisstillmyfavouritepartofthejob,andthisarticlewasapleasantaddendumtoanotherwisedemandingdayofresearchforanotherone.Byputtingthesewordsonthepage,Ifeelfarmoreenergisedabouttheworkbehindme—andreadiertoenjoytheeveningahead.這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種名為“簡單附錄效應”的心理現象。13.Whichistheauthor’sinitialaspirationasasciencewriter?A.Toenjoyachallengingandenjoyablecareer.B.Tohaveadailyroutinefilledwithcreativity.C.Toconductresearchandwritetechnicalpapers.D.Tostrikegoldwitheverystorytheyresearch.B細節理解題。根據第一段第一句“WhenIfirstaspiredtobecomeasciencewriter,Iimaginedeachdaywouldbefilledwithinspirationandcreativity.(當我最初渴望成為一名科學作家時，我想象每天都會充滿靈感和創造力。)”可知，作者最初的愿望是作為一名科學作家，每天都能充滿靈感和創造力，故選B。答案與解析14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sap”meaninparagraph2?A.Weaken. B.Boost.C.Inspire. D.Refuse.A詞義猜測題。根據第二段第一句“Mostprofessions,Iimagine,includechallengingbutnecessarytasksthatsapenthusiasm.(我想，大多數職業都包含有挑戰性但必要的任務，這些任務會sap熱情。)”可知，大多數職業都包含有挑戰性但必要的任務，這些任務會對答案與解析熱情有影響。再根據第二段第二句“ButarecentpaperfromEdwardLaiattheHongKongPolytechnicUniversityandhiscolleaguesmayofferusallawaytoboostourmotivation.(但是香港理工大學的EdwardLai及其同事最近發表的一篇論文或許可以為我們所有人提供一種提升動力的方法)”可知，下文接著上文的話題，提到了提升動力的方法，因此可推斷出畫線詞的意思是“削弱”，故選A。答案與解析15.Whatcanweinferfrom“theice-bathexperiments”?A.Participantscouldnotbear14℃longerthanthosecouldin15℃.B.Participantswereunwillingtobeloadedonadditionalwork.C.Participantsusuallycaredmoreabouttheendofevents.D.Participantsperformedthetaskswithan“easyaddendum”.C推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Inoneexperiment,DanielKahnemanandhiscolleaguesaskedparticipantstoplungetheirhandsintowateratunpleasantlycoldtemperatures,thefirstgroupsimplyin14℃waterfor60seconds,whilethesecondoneweregivenafurther30secondsinwaterat15℃.Surprisingly,mostpreferredthesecondoption.Itseemstheirmemoryoftheexperimentonlyfocusedonthelastmoments,whichwasslightlymorepleasantinthe90-secondset-答案與解析up.(在一項實驗中，丹尼爾·卡內曼和他的同事們要求參與者將他們的手浸入令人討厭的低溫水中，第一組只是在14℃的水中浸泡60秒，而第二組則在15℃的水中再浸泡30秒。令人驚訝的是，大多數人更傾向于第二種選擇。他們對實驗的記憶似乎只集中在最后的時刻，這在90秒的設置中稍微愉快一些)”可知，在冰浴實驗中，參與者通常更關心事件的結局。故選C。答案與解析16.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A.Nomaniscontentifheorsheisgivenmorework.B.“Easyaddendum”canreducedifficultiesinjobs.C.One’spleasurecomesthroughsufferinginjobs.D.“Easyaddendum”canincreasejobsatisfaction.D推理判斷題。根據第五段第二句“Buttheresearchersfoundthatthe‘easyaddendums’significantlyreducedtheanticipateddifficultyandincreasedparticipants’satisfactionwiththeirjobs.(但研究人員發現，‘簡單附錄’顯著降低了預期的難度，提高了參與者對工作的滿意度。)”可知，作者似乎在文章中傳達了“簡單附錄”可以提高工作滿意度的信息。故選D。答案與解析七選五

體裁：說明文主題語境：人工智能難度：★★★☆☆

ArtificialIntelligence(AI)geolocation(人工智能地理定位技術)solutionsarechangingthewayresearcherstrackandmonitorwildlife,enablingmorepowerfulconservationefforts.Thesesystemsuseadvancedsensors,satelliteimagery,andmachinelearningalgorithms(算法)togatherreal-timedataonanimalmovements,habitatpreferences,andmigrationpatterns.

1

Traditionaltrackingmethodsoftenrelyonnon-automatictrackingorinconvenientnecklace-likesystems,whichmaycausestressanddiscomforttotheanimals.

2

Thedevicescanworkastagsandthecameratrapscanbesetupremotely,whichdecreaseshumanimpactonwildlife.

Inaddition,AI-powereddevicescollectandanalyzedataprecisely.Throughtheirassistance,scientistscangaininsightsintohabitatchoicesandevaluatetheeffectofglobalwarmingonwildanimallocations.

3

Forexample,byanalyzingthecollecteddata,conservationistscanpromotetargetedhabitatrestorationeffortsaccordingtothepatternsandconnectionstheydiscoveredwiththehelpofAIgeolocationdevices.

4

Bymonitoringanimals’behavioralchangesinrealtime,researcherscanquicklydetectsignsofenvironmentalissues.Suddenchangesinananimal’smovementscouldindicatethreatsorproblems.Researcherscanthenrespondimmediately,potentiallysavingtheanimal’slife.Sharinggeolocationdatathroughonlineplatformscanalsohelpraiseawarenessaboutprotectingendangeredspecies.

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Thishelpsthemfeelmoreconnectedtotheissueswildlifefacesinhabitats.Thebondpromotesasenseofresponsibilityamongindividualsandencouragesthemtocontributetowildlifeconservationeffortsthroughvariousmeans,suchasdonations,volunteerwork,andsoon.A.Thisknowledgeenablesthemtomakeaccurateandefficientdecisions.B.However,AItrackingdoesnotrequiredisturbingcontactwiththeanimals.C.AImonitoringneedsfewerbatteryreplacementsthanthetraditionalmethods.D.Thesolutionshaveofferedthefollowingkeybenefitstowildlifeconservation.E.Directlyengagingwithconservationeffortsgivespeopleafirst-handexperience.F.TheAIgeolocationtechnologysignificantlyreducestheneedformassivefieldwork.G.Withreal-timedata,theAIsolutionsalsofunctionasanearlywarningforwildliferisks.本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人工智能定位技術如何改變研究人員追蹤和監控野生動物的方式，使保護工作更加有力。這些系統利用先進的傳感器、衛星圖像和機器學習算法收集有關動物運動、棲息地偏好和遷徙模式的實時數據。1.D根據上文“ArtificialIntelligence(AI)geolocation(人工智能地理定位技術)solutionsarechangingthewayresearcherstrackandmonitorwildlife,enablingmorepowerfulconservationefforts.(人工答案與解析智能地理定位技術解決方案正在改變研究人員跟蹤和監測野生動物的方式，使更有力的保護工作成為可能。)”可知，人工智能地理定位技術解決方案對野生動物保護有很大的幫助，D選項“Thesolutionshaveofferedthefollowingkeybenefitstowildlifeconservation.(這些解決方案為野生動物保護提供了以下關鍵好處。)”是對上文的總結，符合語境。故選D。答案與解析2.B根據上文“Traditionaltrackingmethodsoftenrelyonnon-automatictrackingorinconvenientnecklace-likesystems,whichmaycausestressanddiscomforttotheanimals.(傳統的追蹤方法通常依賴于非自動追蹤或不方便的項鏈式系統，這可能會給動物帶來壓力和不適。)”可知，傳統追蹤方法會給動物帶來壓力和不適，B選項“However,AItrackingdoesnotrequiredisturbingcontactwiththeanimals.(然而，人工智能追蹤不需要與動物進行干擾性接觸。)”與上文形成轉折，符合語境。故選B。答案與解析3.A根據上文“Throughtheirassistance,scientistscangaininsightsintohabitatchoicesandevaluatetheeffectofglobalwarmingonwildanimallocations.(通過它們的幫助，科學家可以深入了解棲息地的選擇，并評估全球變暖對野生動物的位置的影響。)”可知，人工智能地理定位技術解決方案可以幫助科學家評估全球變暖對野生動物的位置的影響，A選項“Thisknowledgeenablesthemtomakeaccurateandefficientdecisions.(這些知識使他們能夠做出準確和有效的決定。)”是對上文的總結，符合語境。故選A。答案與解析4.G根據下文“Bymonitoringanimals’behavioralchangesinrealtime,researcherscanquicklydetectsignsofenvironmentalissues.Suddenchangesinananimal’smovementscouldindicatethreatsorproblems.Researcherscanthenrespondimmediately,potentiallysavingtheanimal’slife.(通過實時監測動物的行為變化，研究人員可以快速發現環境問題的跡象。動物運動的突然變化可能表明存在威脅或問題。研究人員可以立即做出反應，有可能挽救動物的答案與解析生命。)”可知，人工智能地理定位技術解決方案可以實時監測動物的行為變化，對野生動物面臨的風險起到預警作用，G選項“Withreal-timedata,theAIsolutionsalsofunctionasanearlywarningforwildliferisks.(通過實時數據，人工智能解決方案還可以作為野生動物風險的預警系統。)”符合語境。故選G。答案與解析5.E根據上文“Sharinggeolocationdatathroughonlineplatformscanalsohelpraiseawarenessaboutprotectingendangeredspecies.(通過在線平臺共享地理位置數據也有助于提高人們對保護瀕危物種的認識。)”可知，共享地理位置數據有助于提高人們對保護瀕危物種的認識，E選項“Directlyengagingwithconservationeffortsgivespeopleafirst-handexperience.(直接參與保護工作能讓人們獲得第一手經驗。)”是對上文的進一步解釋，符合語境。故選E。答案與解析完形填空

(2025·合肥模擬)

體裁：說明文主題語境：科普知識難度：★★★☆☆

Doyoualwaysoverlookyourmom’swordswhentalkingwithyourfriends?Ifyou’reateen,that’sfairly

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.Andnewresearchesmayexplainwhysomanyadolescents

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theirmom’svoices.

Youngkids’brainsareverytunedintotheirmothers’voices.Butastheygrowup,everything

3

.Teenagers’brainsaremoretunedintostrangers’voices.Thisobvious

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usuallyhappensbetweenages13and14.That’swhenteenagersareinthecourseofpuberty(青春期),aroughlydecade-longtransitionintoadulthood.Researchersscannedthebrainsof7to16-year-oldsastheylistenedtothingssaidbytheirmothersorbyunfamiliarwomen.Thewordswerepurely

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:teebudieshawlt,keebudieshawltandpeebudieshawlt.Astheylistened,certainpartsoftheirbrainsbecame

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.Thiswasespeciallytrueinbrainregionsthathelpustopayattentionand

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howtoobtainrewards.That’sexactlyasitshouldbe.Theexperimentsshowthatthosepartsoftheirbrainsreactmorestronglytotheunfamiliarvoicesthantotheirmothers’.

Theseareasintheadolescentbrainsdon’tstop

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mom.It’sjustthatunfamiliarvoicesbecomemorerewardingandworthyofattention.Askids

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,theirsurvivaldependslessandlessonmaternal(母親的)support.

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,theyrelymoreandmoreontheir

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—friendsandothersclosertotheirownage.Sothebrainsneedtobeginpayingmoreattentiontothatwiderworld.Thebrainseemsto

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newneedsthatcomewithadolescence.

However,mothers’voicesstillhavespecialpower,especiallyintimesof

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.Studiesalsoshowedthatlevelsofstresshormones(荷爾蒙)

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whenstressed-outgirlsheardtheirmoms’voicesonthephone.

Sowhilebothteensandtheirparentssometimesfeelfrustratedbymissedmessages,that’sokay.That’sthewaythe

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functions,andthere’sagoodreasonforit.

1.A.rare B.common C.impossible D.strange2.A.tuneout B.putup C.showoff D.listento3.A.matters B.changes C.emerges D.evolves4.A.shift B.action C.evidence D.ability5.A.sensible B.regular C.nonstop D.meaningless6.A.rigid B.numb C.active D.calm7.A.design B.claim C.inspect D.explore8.A.respondingto B.keepingout C.turningdown D.workingwith9.A.advance B.struggle C.mature D.shrink10.A.Otherwise B.Therefore C.Besides D.Instead11.A.competitors B.strangers C.peers D.relatives12.A.appealto B.adjustto C.leadto D.applyto13.A.relief B.pressure C.absence D.safety14.A.decreased B.varied C.remained D.topped15.A.mind B.head C.brain D.heart答案與解析這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了青少年常常忽略母親的聲音，而小時候則非常聽話。文章解釋了這一現象背后的原因：大腦為了適應不同成長階段對外界的不同需求，在不同年齡段對不同人的聲音反應的程度不同。1.B考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你是青少年，這很常見。rare“罕見的”；common“常見的”；impossible“不可能的”；strange“奇怪的”。根據上文“Doyoualwaysoverlookyourmom’swordswhentalkingwithyourfriends?Ifyou’reateen”以及下文“Teenagers’brainsaremoretunedintostrangers’voices.”可知，你有時候在和朋友聊天的時候忽略你的媽媽嗎?青少年的大腦對陌生人的聲音更敏感，所以如果你是青少年，這是很常見的。故選B。答案與解析2.A考查動詞短語辨析。句意：新的研究或許可以解釋為什么這么多的青少年不理會媽媽的聲音。tuneout“不理，對……無反

應”；putup“懸掛，張貼”；showoff“炫耀”；listento“傾聽”。上文“Doyoualwaysoverlookyourmom’swordswhentalkingwithyourfriends?”提到在和朋友聊天的時候忽略你的媽媽，由此可

知，此處應表示新的研究或許可以解釋為什么這么多的青少年不理會媽媽的聲音。故選A。答案與解析3.B考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但隨著他們長大，一切都變了。matter“重要；要緊”；change“改變”；emerge“出現”；evolve“進化”。根據上文“Youngkids’brainsareverytunedintotheirmothers’voices.”以及下文“Teenagers’brainsaremoretunedintostrangers’voices.”可知，上下文形成語意轉折。由此可知，此處應表示隨著他們長大，一切都變了。故選B。答案與解析4.A考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種明顯的轉變通常發生在13歲到14歲之間。shift“轉變”；action“行動”；evidence“證據”；ability“能力”。根據上文“Butastheygrowup,everything

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.”可知，小孩子的大腦對母親的聲音很敏感。但隨著他們長大，一切都變了。由此可知，此處應表示這種轉變通常發生在13歲到14歲之間。故選A。

答案與解析5.D考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這些詞完全沒有意義：teebudieshawlt,keebudieshawlt和peebudieshawlt。sensible“明智

的”；regular“有規律的