Unit6SurvivalUnit6SurvivalPlanB:LifeonMars?WordandexpressionsMarsn.火星68advancedadj.高級的；先進的68wipev.擦，拭，揩68wipeout徹底摧毀，消滅68nuclearadj.核武器的68terrifyingadj.極其可怕的，駭人聽聞的68hostileadj.（生長環境）惡劣的68unmannedadj.無人駕駛（操縱）的68spacecraftn.航天器，宇宙飛船68orbitv.環繞...運行68stunningadj.極具吸引力的；令人驚奇的68agencyn.機構；（尤指政府內的）局，部，處69consistv.組成69consistof由...構成，由...組成69inthemeantime在此期間，與此同時69inferv.推斷，推定70exposev.使暴露（于險境）70astronautn.宇航員，太空人71dustn.沙土，

塵土71capsulen.（航天器的）密封艙，太空艙71exposuren.暴露71trunkn.樹干72

Inthe1960sand1970s,thegreatestfearwasthatthehuman

race,andpossiblyalladvancedlifeformsontheplanet,could

bewipedoutbynuclear

missiles,justatthepushofabutton

.Today,however,environmentalproblemshavetakenoverasthe

greatestrisktolifeonEarth.Scientistsarethinkingofwaysto

lowerthisrisk,suchasreplacingcoalandoilwithformsof

renewableenergy.Buttheyarealsopreparingfortheworst：

whatcanwedoiftheterrifyingscenesinfilmssuchas

TheDay

AfterTomorrow

happeninreallife?WhatisourPlanBfor

Earth?Paragraph1Inthe1960sand1970s,thegreatestfearwasthatthehumanrace,andpossiblyalladvancedlifeformsontheplanet,couldbewipedoutbynuclearmissiles,justatthepushofabutton.advanced/lowerlifeforms

高級/低級的生命形式wipeout

徹底摧毀；消滅nuclearmissiles

核導彈atthepushofabutton引申為“輕易地，容易地”makeadvancesin... 在......取得進步/進展Languagepointsadvancedadj.高級的;先進的advancev.前進;促進;提前n.前進;進步advanceon/upon/towards 向...推進/挺進advancedtechnology 先進的技術inadvance 預先；提前=aheadoftimeExercise1.Wemustreservetheplanetickets

advanceforthepeaktouristseason.2.It’snotallthathardtobuildan

(advance)andlargevocabulary.3.Advances

medicalsciencemeanthatpeoplewhowoulddieofheadinjuriescannowbesaved.inadvancedinScientistsarethinkingofwaystolowerthisrisk,suchasreplacingcoalandoilwithformsofrenewableenergy.lowerthisrisk

降低這種風險renewableenergy

可再生能源replacevt.

取代；替換；代替；把...放回原處

replace...by/with...用...替換...replace...as...取代...而成為...Buttheyarealsopreparingfortheworst:whatcanwedoiftheterrifyingscenesinfilmssuchasTheDayAfterTomorrowhappeninreallife?◆prepared

adj.準備好的bepreparedforsth.=getreadyforsth.

為…做好準備bepreparedtodosth.準備做某事◆preparev.準備preparesth.準備……prepareforsth.為……做準備preparesth.for...為……準備某物preparesb.forsth.使某人為……進行準備preparetodosth.準備做某事

◆preparation

n.準備makepreparationsfor...為……做準備inpreparationfor為……做準備Languagepointsterrifyingadj.令人害怕的terrifyv.使人害怕

terrifiedadj.感到害怕的terrorn.驚恐;驚駭beterrifiedofsth. 極度害怕某事beterrifiedthat... 非常害怕...interror 驚恐地Exercise1.I

(terrify)thattheplanewouldcrash.2.Thechildwillbeterrified

beingleftaloneinthebighouse.3.Seeingthefiercedog,thelittlegirlscreamed

terror.?wasterrifiedofin

Oneoptionistoexploreotherplanetstoseeifwecouldliveon

them.ThemostlikelychoiceisMars,whichisrelativelyclose

toEarthandhasanenvironmentlesshostilethanthatofother

planets.Marshasfascinatedpeoplesinceancienttimes,and

todayourinterestinMartainexplorationisgreaterthanever

before.FilmssuchasTheMartianenjoyworldwidepopularity.Moregovernmentsandorganisationsaremakingeffortsto

educatethepublicontheRedPlanet,forexample,theMars

DesertResearchStationintheUtahdesertoftheUSandthe

MarsVillageinNorth-westChina’sQinghaiProvince.Paragraph2…,whichisrelativelyclosetoEarthandhasanenvironmentlesshostilethanthatofotherplanets.①

hostileweatherconditions②ahostileclimate/environmenthostile

adj.difficultornotsuitableforlivingorgrowing艱苦的，惡劣的；不利的……它離地球相對較近，環境不像其他行星那么惡劣。惡劣的天氣條件惡劣的氣候／環境拓展①ThePresidenthadahostilereceptioninOhiothismorning.

②Drinkingmaymakeapersonfeelrelaxedandhappy,oritmaymakehim/herhostile,violent,ordepressed.

③I’mnothostileto(=against)theideaofchangeassuch.堅決否定；強烈反對總統今天早上在俄亥俄州受到了不友好的接待。喝酒可以使一個人感到放松和愉快，也可以讓人變得不友善、粗暴或沮喪。我并不反對做這樣的改變。敵意的，敵對的,不友好的ThemostlikelychoiceisMars,whichisrelativelyclosetoEarthandhasanenvironmentlesshostilethanthatofotherplanets.可能性最大的選擇是火星，它離地球相對較近，環境也不像其他星球那么惡劣。Morerecently,scientistshavesucceededingrowingavarietyofplantsinanenvironmentsimilartothatonMars.(para.4)最近，科學家們在類似火星的環境中成功地培育出了多種植物。that用作替代詞，指代上文提到的名詞Languagepointsfascinatev.使著迷;引起極大興趣fascinatedadj.入迷的;極感興趣的→fascinatingadj.迷人的；引人入勝的→fascinationn.入迷;著迷befascinatedby... 對...著迷befascinatedwith... 迷上...infascination 入迷地;如癡如醉地haveafascinationfor... 對...著迷Exercise1.Manyyoungpeopleare

(fascinate)bythebeautyoftheiridol.2.Hervoicehasapositive

(fascinate)forme.3.It’s

(fascinate)towatchhermoive.4.Wendystaredatheridol

fascination.fascinatedfascinationfascinatingincontrarytopopularbelief 與普遍的看法相反Languagepointspopularityn.受歡迎;流行popularadj.受到喜愛的;受歡迎的;流行的;普遍的enjoyworldwidepopularity 在全國范圍內受歡迎increase/gaininpopularity 更受歡迎;得到認可bepopularwith 為...所喜愛;受...歡迎Exercise1.Contrary

popularbelief,sciencedoesnotofferuscertainties.2.Skateboardingandrollerbladingareparticularlypopular

youngboys.3.Golfincresedin

(popular)duringthe1980s.towithpopularityMarshasfascinatedpeoplesinceancienttimes,andtodayourinterestinMartianexplorationisgreaterthaneverbefore.Martianexploration

火星探測MoregovernmentsandorganisationsaremakingeffortstoeducatethepublicontheRedPlanet,forexample,...makeeffortstodosth.努力做某事withouteffort 毫不費力地Languagepointseffortn.努力;艱難的嘗試;盡力effortlessadj.毫不費力的;應付自如的makeaneffort/effortstodosth.努力做某事sparenoeffortstodosth. 不遺余力做某事beworththeeffort 值得努力Exercise1.Sheadapted

(effort)tohisnewsurroundings.2.Noonecanachievesuccess

effort.3.Peopleallovertheworldaremakingefforts

.thepreservationofpeace.4.Thegoodnewsisthatit’ssimpletolearnandcanbeworth

effort.effortlesslywithouttothe

Sincethe1960s,wehavebeensendingunmannedspacecraftto

Mars.Ourprobeshaveorbitedtheplanet,sendingbackvaluable

dataandstunningimages.OurrobotshaveexploredtheMartian

surface,testingthesoilandsearchingforresources,waterand

signsoflife.Encouragedbydiscoveriesovertheyears,space

agenciesofvariouscountriesareplanningmannedmissionsto

Marsthatcouldtakeplacewithinthenext25years.Paragraph3Ourprobeshaveorbitedtheplanet,sendingbackvaluabledataandstunningimages.①Theearthtakesayeartoorbitthesun.②In1957theSovietUnionlaunchedthefirstsatellitetoorbittheearth.orbitv.我們的探測器已經繞火星軌道運行，并發回了寶貴的數據和令人驚嘆的圖像。tofollowacurvedpatharoundaplanetorstar

繞軌道運行，沿軌道圍繞（行星或恒星）運行1957年，蘇聯發射了第一顆環繞地球運行的人造衛星。地球繞太陽一周要一年的時間。orbitn.①Thesatelliteisnowinastableorbit.②Anewsatellitehasbeenputintoorbitaroundtheearth.拓展acurvedpathfollowedbyaplanetoranobjectasitmovesaroundanotherplanet,star,moon,etc.（天體等運行的）軌道衛星目前在穩定的軌道上運行。一顆新的人造衛星被送上了環繞地球的軌道。Sincethe1960s,wehavebeensendingunmannedspacecrafttoMars.Ourprobeshaveorbitedtheplanet,sendingbackvaluabledataandstunningimages.unmannedspacecraft

無人駕駛宇宙飛船mannedspacecraft

載人宇宙飛船mannedmissions

載人任務stunningimages

令人驚奇的圖像自20世紀60年代以來，我們一直在向火星發射無人飛船。我們的探測器已經繞火星軌道運行并發回了寶貴的數據和令人驚嘆的圖像。①Alltheideashaveastunningsimplicity(簡單).②Hesufferedastunningdefeatintheelection.stunningadj.(2)

extremelyattractiveorimpressive極有魅力的；絕妙的；給人以深刻印象的Youlookabsolutelystunning!(1)

extremelysurprisingorshocking令人驚奇萬分的；令人震驚的所有的想法都簡單得出奇。他在選舉中慘敗。你看上去漂亮極了。Encouragedbydiscoveriesovertheyears,spaceagenciesofvariouscountriesareplanningmannedmissionstoMarsthatcouldtakeplacewithinthenext25years.spaceagencies

航天局takeplace發生；舉行Translation受到多年來這些發現的鼓舞，各國航天機構正計劃在未來25年內進行載人飛船登陸火星的任務。

ThereisnodoubtthathumankindisdrawntowardsMars,

with

dreamsofmakingitoursecondhome.However,sendingpeople

therewillrequirealltheskill,courageandintelligenceofthe

humanrace.

WhiletheMooncanbereachedwithindays,it

wouldtakemonthstoreachMars,travellingthroughdangerous

solarradiation.AndevenifthefirstsettlersdoreachMarssafely,theymaynotbeabletoreturntoEarth-ever.Stayingalivewill

beadailychallenge,butasprovedbytheBiosphere2

experiment,notimpossible.Paragraph4drawv.①

Themovieisdrawinglargeaudiences.

②

Thecoursedrawsstudentsfromalloverthecountry.

toattractorinterestsb

吸引；招引；使感興趣這部影片吸引著大批觀眾。這課程吸引著來自全國各地的學生。

Asearlyasthe1980s,scientists

werebuildingBiosphere2intheArizonadesert.Itconsistedof

aclosedspaceinwhichpeople,animalsandplantscouldlive

together.The“closed”

conceptmeantthatthespacewas

designedtofunctionwithitsownoxygen,foodandwater,needingnothingfromtheoutsideworld.Althoughthetwo-year

experimentwasnotasuccess,itdidprovideuswithabetter

understandingofhowhumansmightbeabletoliveonanother

planet.Morerecently,scientistshavesucceededingrowinga

varietyofplantsinanenvironmentsimilartothatonMars.That

definitelyisabigstepforward.Paragraph4Fornow,humansettlementofMarsisstilldecadesaway.Inthe

meantime,scientificresearchshowsthattheplanetEarthis

gettingwarmer.Thischangeisbeingcausedbyhumanactivity

andishavingaterribleeffectonthebiosphere.Untilweare

finallyabletoliveonanotherplanet,weneedtotakemuch

bettercareofourown.Rightnow,it'stheonlyonewehave!Paragraph5exposesb.to... 讓某人了解;使某人面臨Languagepointsexposuren.暴露;挨凍,受寒;公開露面;揭露exposev.使暴露exposureto... 暴露;接觸diefromexposure 被凍死beexposedto 暴露于...;遭受...Exercise1.Unwillingto

(expose)tothesunlight,hedrewthecurtaintokeepitoff.2.Atleasttwopeoplediedfrom

(expose)overnight.3.Mothersneverexposeherchildren

theslightestpossibilityofdanger.beexposedexposuretocatchsb’seye/attention 引起某人的注意Languagepointsbecaughtin陷入;遇到catchv.抓住;撞見;患上

catch-caught-caught=betrappedin/bestuckincatchsb.doingsth. 撞見某人正在做某事catchupwith 趕上

catchholdof 抓住Exercise1.Dozensofschoolchildren

(catch)intheattack.2.Iftheycatchyou

(smoke),you’llbeintrouble.3.Iranafterherinanattempttocatch

withher.4.Hecaughthold

mebytheshoulder.werecaughtsmokingupofcontactsb.byemail/telephone 通過郵件/電話與某人聯系Languagepointslosecontactwith與...失去聯系contactv./n.聯系;與...交往make/getincontactwith 與...取得聯系keepincontactwith sb. 與某人保持聯系(be)in/outofcontactwithsb.與某人聯系/失去聯系Exercise1.ThereisnosignalinthatfarawayvillageandIlostcontact

myfriends.2.Takingonthischallengewillbringyou

contactwithsomewhosharesyourinterests.3.Couldyouhelpmecontactmyfather

telephone.withinbyLanguagepointsrunlow缺乏;即將用盡runv.跑;快速移動;經營;運行;開設run-ran-run-running熟詞生義:參加競選;起作用,奏效;持續(last)runafter 追趕,追逐

runaway 逃跑

runfor 參加競選

runout(ofsth.) 用完;耗盡runacross 穿過;碰到 runlate遲到,延遲,晚了

runinto(trouble) 遇上;陷入(困境)Exercise1.Youran

HeadoftheStudentCommitteebutweren’telected.2.Herdaughterpretendednottohearwhatshesaidandkepton

(run).3.WhileIwaswalkingtothestore,Iran

anoldfriendfromhighschool.4.Wehaverun

time.Weneedtohurry.5.Thebatteryonmyphoneisrunning

,I'llneedtochargeitsoon.forrunningintooutoflow課前基礎自測一，單詞(1)

n.暴露

(2)

adj.高級的,先進的(3)

v.擦,拭,揩

(4)

adj.駭人聽聞的(5)

adj.令人驚奇的

(6)

v.環繞…運行(7)

v.由…組成 (8)

v.推斷,推定(9)

v.使暴露 (10)

n.沙土,塵土exposureadvancedwipeterrifyingstunningorbitconsistexposeinferdust課前基礎自測一，單詞(11)

n.受歡迎;流行 (12)

adv.肯定地;當然(13)

v.降低

(14)

n.選擇(15)

adj.可再生的

(16)

v.使著迷(17)

n.探測器;探索

(18)

n.概念(19)

v.重新開始

(20)

v.向...提供動力popularitydefinitelyloweroptionrenewablefascinateproberesumeconceptpower課前基礎自測一，單詞(21)

n.agency

(22)

n.Mars(23)

adj.unmanned

(24)

adj.nuclear(25)

adj.hostile (26)

n.spacecraft(27)

n.astronaut (28)

n.capsule(29)

n.trunk (30)

n.biosphere機構;局,部,處火星無人駕駛的核武器的惡劣的宇宙飛船宇航員樹干太空艙生物圈二，短語(1)徹底摧毀;消滅

.

(2)降低風險

.

(3)用...替代...

.

(4)可再生能源

.

(5)為...做準備

.

(6)在全國范圍內受歡迎

.

(7)在某事上對某人予以教育

.

(8)探究

.(9)努力做某事

.(10)毫無疑問

.

課前基礎自測wipeoutlowerrisksreplace...with...renewableenergypreparefor...enjoyworldwidepopularityeducatesb.onsth.probeintomakeeffortstodosth.thereisnodoubtthat...二，短語(11)活著

.

(12)由...構成/組成

.

(13)成功做某事

.

(14)各種各樣的

.

(15)與此同時

.

(16)從...推測

.

(17)曝光于;暴露于

.

(18)有根據的推測

.(19)陷入;遇到

.(20)與...失去聯系

.

課前基礎自測stayaliveconsistof...succeedindoingsth.avarietyofinthemeanwhileinferfrom...beexposedtoeducatedguessesbecaughtinlosecontactwith二，短語(21)出問題,出故障

.

(22)防止/阻止...

.

(23)一次;每次

.

(24)缺乏;即將用盡

.

(25)用...進行實驗;試用...

.

(26)解決;計算出;制定;鍛煉

.

(27)在壓力之下

.

課前基礎自測gowrongkeep/prevent/s