Unit1A

newstartBasicsentencestructuresUsinglanguageObserveandidentifysevenbasicsentencestructures;Extractandsummarizesevenbasicsentencestructuresbyobservingtheexamplesentences;Usesevenbasicsentencestructurestodescribethepicturesituationandexpressemotion.LearningObjectivesElementsofasentenceWhatisasentence?ExpressacompletethoughtHasasubjectandaverbHasanobjectand/orotherinformationaftertheverbExamples:Mariaandhersisterplaythepiano.Theysingandplaybeautifulsongseveryday.WhatdoyouthinksentencesaremadeofinEnglish?whatarethey?Review:sentencecomponentssentencecomponents

Everysentencerequiresatleasta

verb

anda

subject;a

verb

isanaction,asubjectisthe

noun

thatdoestheaction.

WhatisNoun?5WhatisVerb?6Verbsarewordsthatdescribeactions.Verbsarealsotheonlytypeofwordthat’sneedtobeineverysentence.WhatisVerbBe

?7Verbsalsodescribea“stateofbeing,”liketheverbs

be,become,

or

exist.

Keysentencecomponents句子成分意義充當(dāng)詞類例句主語(Subject)表示句子說的是什么人或什么事名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、短語或從句Westudyintheschool.謂語(Predicate)說明主語做什么、是什么或怎么樣動詞或動詞詞組Sheisdancingunderthetree.賓語(Object)表示動作行為的對象同主語BothofuslikeEnglish.表語(Predicative)與聯(lián)系動詞連用，一起構(gòu)成謂語，說明主語的性質(zhì)或特征同主語Herfatherisachemist.Hiswordssoundreasonable.賓語補(bǔ)足語(Objectcomplement)主要起對賓語的補(bǔ)充說明的作用形容詞、名詞、介詞短語等Shealwayskeepsthehouseclean.口訣：主語謂語是基礎(chǔ)，賓表定狀補(bǔ)是輔助。賓主來自名代數(shù)，動詞作謂不可無！mainelements句子成分意義充當(dāng)詞類例句定語(Attributive)用來修飾名詞或代詞形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、副詞、介詞短語或句子Wehave

eightlessonseveryday.狀語(Adverbial)修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞。表示動作發(fā)生的時間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、方式、結(jié)果等副詞、介詞短語或句子Heworksveryhard.Theyheldapartyintheschoolyesterday.同位語(Appositive)兩個指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置時，一個句子成分可被用來說明或解釋另一個句子成分名詞、代詞或從句WeChinesepeoplearebraveandhard-working.Thefactthatyouaretalkingaboutisimportant.獨(dú)立成分(Independentcomponent)與句子的其他成分只有意義上的聯(lián)系而沒有語法關(guān)系呼吁、驚嘆語、答語、插入語、介詞短語、非謂語動詞、形容詞、副詞所引起的詞組Awhale!Lookthere.Amazing!Yougotit?Theboy,Ithink,hascomefromthecountry口訣：主語謂語是基礎(chǔ)，賓表定狀補(bǔ)是輔助。賓主來自名代數(shù)，動詞作謂不可無！usedtomodifyawordorsentence

OthersentencecomponentsObservethesentenceandfindoutwhatthesentencepatternsareandwritethemdown.

Example:I

saw

awhite-hairedman.

S（主）V（謂）

O（賓）Thefivebasicsentencestructures:1.主謂（SV)2.主系表(SLP3.主謂賓(SVO)4.主謂賓賓(SVOO)5.主謂賓補(bǔ)(SVOC)6.主謂狀(SVA)7.主謂賓狀(SVOA)

eg.Ireplied./Sheagreed.eg.Iwasembarrassed.eg.Isawawhite-hairedman.eg.Hegavemeasmile.eg.Hiswordsmademealotmorerelaxed.eg.Ibreatheddeeply.eg.Ilookedattheminpanic.主語謂語賓語賓語賓補(bǔ)賓語(間)賓語(直)vt.LinkVerbvi.英語句子基本成分示意圖表語Whatdotheymean?Wherearetheynormallylocatedinasentence?Groupwork:Practice:Analyzethefollowingsentences.1.Theyworkhard.2.Theflowerisdead.主語謂語狀語主語系動語表語3.Plantsneedwater.4.Hegivesme someseeds.主語謂語賓語主語謂語賓語直賓間賓5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.6.Wefoundher intears.主語謂語賓語主語謂語賓語賓補(bǔ)Excercise–ScrambledSentencesMyname/Angela/isaprofessor/Mymother/isfrom/Kearney,Nebraska/I/amis/Teaching/exciting/andfunExcercise–ScrambledSentencesMyname/Angela/is

MynameisAngela.aprofessor/Mymother/isMymotherisaprofessor.from/Kearney,Nebraska/I/amIamfromKearney,Nebraska.is/Teaching/excitingandfunTeachingisexcitingandfun.Showtime1)Everybodysmiled.2)Thecarcaughtfire.3)Didthemilkturnsour?4)Heboughthiswifeadress.5)Royfoundhisnewjobratherboring.6)Yourbrothergotupat10o’clock.7)Ihaven’tseenDanielforlong.SVSVOSVPSVOOSVOCSVASVOAPeerevaluation:whichgroupisthemostaccurate?Lookatthepicturesandtellthestorywithyourownending.Seehowmanydifferentbasicsentencestructuresyoucanuse.WrapupsentencecomponentsWhatisNoun?Verb?VerbBe?Basicsentencsstructures....Pickoneoptio