屆高考全真模擬考試英語試卷第一部分聽力共兩節，滿分分)1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】WhatadvicedoesthewomangiveBill?A.Nottoworktoohard.B.Nottostayuplate.C.Nottosmoke.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Areyoufeelingbettertoday,Bill?M:it’shardtosay.Icoughalotintheevening.W:bettergiveupsmoking.It’sbadforyourhealth.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Howmanyphysicslessonsdidtheboyhavethisweek?A.5.B.4.C.3.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Howoftendoyouhaveaphysicslesson?M:Ihavethreelessonsonceaweek,butIhadonemorethisweek.Nextweekwewillhavethephysicsexam,butItrytopracticeeveryday.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】WhathashappenedtoNancy?A.Shecan’tstandonherfeet.B.SheisattractedbyC.Shehasfallentotheground.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:smilesareinteresting.M:theyareshyandgentle,butverypowerful.W:areright.TheysweepNancyherfeet.Andnowshefellheadoverheelsinlovewithhim.第1頁/共26頁M:HowwonderfulitwouldbeifIhadsuchsmiles!4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atanairport.B.Inabusstation.C.Inahotel.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:WhatcanIdoforyou?M:I’dliketobewokenuptomorrowmorningformyflight.W:Okay,sir.roomnumberandatwhattime.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisachievement?A.Thankful.B.Proud.C.Unsatisfied.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:searchonthisprojecthasbeenexcellent.M:Thankyou.Icouldn’thavedoneitwithoutthehelpofastrongteam.第二節共小題每小題分，滿分分)6.WhatdoesMariaplantodofordinnertonight?A.eatout.B.orderonline.C.cookathome.7.Howoftendoesthemancookathome?A.Never.B.Hardly.C.Often.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】原文】M:SoMaria,whatareyougoingtodofordinnertonight?第2頁/共26頁W:IthinkI’llgohome.Seewhat’sinmyfridgeandinmycupboardandcooksomethingup.I’mnotsurewhatyet.M:Ah,you’regonnacook.W:ofcourse.M:ActuallyIalmostnevercook.Icookmaybeonceortwiceayear.W:Really?whatdoyoudothen?Whatdoyoueat?M:Oh,Ialwayseatout.Ibuymydinnereverynight.Ithinkit’sjustbetter.W:Oh,mygod.Everynight?M:Everynight.W:Howisitbetter,Idon’tunderstand.8.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ultramarathon.B.AbookaboutMexico.C.Extremesportsingeneral.9.Whatkindofpeopledoesthebookdescribe?A.Agroupofyoungultrarunners.B.Agroupofoldultrarunners.C.Agroupofprofessionalultrarunners.10.Howdotheultrarunnersinthegrouprunaccordingtothebook?A.Theyrunjustbarefoot.B.Theyrunwithspecialshoes.C.Theyrunonflatroads.【答案】8.A9.B10.A【解析】【原文】M:actuallywe’retalkingaboutextremesports.HaveyouheardaboutUltraMarathon?W:I’mreadingabookrightnowthat’saboutagroupofUltrarunnersinMexico.AndIthinkit’sgoingtoeontothesubjectofUltramarathons.M:Imeanwhathasthebooktalkedabout.W:Thebooktalksaboutthisveryoldgroupwhocanrunfordays.第3頁/共26頁M:Days?W:Likedays,yeah.Andsomeofthemembersofthisgrouparealreadyintheireightiesandnineties.Andtheycancrossmountainsandtheyhaveaverysimplediet.Theyrunbarefoot.M:Barefoot?W:Theyrunbarefoot.M:Inthedesertonrocks?W:Inthedesert,yeah,yeah.M:WheredidKatiegoyesterday?A.Theculturalcenter.B.Thenewshoppingcenter.C.Theputercenter.12.Whatwillthemandoonthefirstfloor?A.BuyanewMac.B.Repairaputer.C.Borrowsomebooks.13.Whatcanthemanfindonthefourthfloor?A.Aputerstore.B.AMacstore.C.Abigbookstore.【答案】B12.A13.C【解析】【原文】M:SoKatie,Iwanttogototheshoppingcenter.W:Okay.M:Haveyoubeentothenewshoppingcenter?W:Iactuallywenttherejustyesterday.M:Okay,soIwanttobuysomeputerIsthereaputerstore?W:Therearetwoputerstores.M:Really?Oh,that’sgood.W:There’saputerstoreonthefirstfloor.Andthenveryclosetothat,there’salsoamaxstore.第4頁/共26頁M:Ooh,that’sperfect.IwanttobuyanewMac.W:Oh,me,too.M:They’resoexpensive,though.W:Emm。M:Okay.Whataboutbooks?Ireallylikebooks.IsthereabookstorewithEnglishbooks?W:There’sahugebookstoreonthefourthfloor.M:Ooh,that’sgood.14.WhatinstrumentdoesAdrianaplay?A.Theguitar.B.Thesaxophone.C.Thepiano.15.HowdidAdrianastartlearningtheinstrument?A.Byteachingherselffromvideos.B.Bytakingprivatelessonsfromthestart.C.Byjoiningaschoolbandforpractice.16.WhendidJerrystartlearningtheguitar?A.Asakidinhisschool.B.Whenattendinguniversity.C.Aftergraduatingfromschool.【答案】14.B15.A16.A【解析】【原文】M:Adriana,didyoueverplayaninstrument?W:Iactuallyplaythesaxophone.M:Thesaxophone.That’sreallyreallycool.Canyoutellmemoreaboutit?W:it’sacoolinstrument.Iactuallytooklessons.IstartedjustplayingbymyselfandIwasjustlookingatsomevideosandfindingsongsthatIliked.ButthenIrealizedIneededateacher.SoIwenttoschoolforamusiccareerandIstudiedsaxophone.M:Awholemusiccareer.Ineverheardofthat.W:it’sprettycool.Notalluniversitieshavethem,butIwasluckythatwhereIlivedtheuniversitieshadamusiccareerandthesaxophoneteacherwasreallygood.SoIgottostudythereforfouryears.meJerry,do第5頁/共26頁youplayanymusicinstruments?M:yeah,infactIplaytheguitar.Ilearnedasakidinmyschool.Itwasclassicalguitar,butitwasreallycool,too.17.Whydoesfindthequestionhardtoanswer?A.Ithasnorightanswer.B.Itgroupspeopletoosimply.C.Ittakestoomuchtothink.18.Whatcausesunhappinessforsomepoorpeople?A.Naturaldisasters.B.Fewfriends.C.Littlemoney.19.Whichrichpeoplearelikelyunhappy?A.Thoseachievingaims.B.Thosedevelopinghobbies.C.Thoseseekingmore.20.Whatdecideshappinessdifferencebetweentherichandthepoor?A.Theirwealth.B.Theircharacter.C.Theirtype.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,I’mandI’mfromSerena.Myquestionis:Doyouthinkpoorpeoplearehappierthanrichpeople?Ibelievethisisaverydifficultquestiontoanswerbecausethequestioncontainssomegeneralizations.Poorpeopleandrichpeopleareputtogetherhereandtheyareparedasagroup.WhichIthinkisnotentirelyaccurate.Becauseyouhavedifferenttypesofpoorpeople.havepoorpeoplethatarecontentwithwhattheyhaveordon’thave.Andwhenyouarecontentitcontributestoyourhappiness.Bycontrasttherearepoorpeoplethatarenothappywiththeircircumstancesunderstandablyso.Becauselet’stakeforexample.Peoplewholiveinareaswithoutenoughfoodorareaswithnaturaldisastersthathaverobbedthemofeverythingtheyhavetheirhomestheirlivelihoodtheirsecurityhealthcare.ImeanitisunderstandablethatpeoplebeeunhappyiftheyhavetoOntheotherhandyouhaverichpeople.Ithinkthereareanumberoftypesofrichpeople.haverichpeoplethatareneversatisfiedkeepgoingaftermoreandmoreandmoreandthosepeopletendtobeunhappy.Bycontrasttheremightberichpeoplewhohavepurposeandarecontentwithwhattheyhave.Which第6頁/共26頁contributestotheirhappiness.SoIthinkitreallydependsonwhattypeofpoorpeoplearebeingparedtowhattypeofrichpeople.第二部分閱讀共兩節，滿分分)第一節共小題每小題分，滿分分)AAreyoupassionateaboutkeepingourbeautifulbeachespollutionfree?JointheCoastalCleanupagroupofvolunteersmittedtoconservingourshoresandprotectingmarinelife.weleindividualsofallages(ages5andup)toparticipateinournecessarymission!·Alovefortheoutdoors.spiritandenthusiasm.tocontributetoenvironmentalconservation.·fortableclothingandclosedtoeshoes.·Sunscreenandahatforsunprotection.·Reusablewaterbottlefordrinking.passionformakingadifference!·BeachCleanupDay:Saturday,March30,10AM—1PMatOceanviewBeach.·FamilyFunDayCleanup:Saturday,April12,2PM—6PM,followedbyabeachpicnic!·MonthlyCleanupCrew:JoinuseveryfirstSaturdayofthemonthforongoingcleanupefforts,andearnmunityservicehours!·EarthDayCelebrationandCleanup:Sunday,April27,9AM—3PMatSeasidePark,featuringecofriendlyworkshops!Joinusinourqueuetokeepourbeachescleanandbeautiful!wecantackleplasticpollutionandcreateahealthierenvironmentformarineandhumanlifealike.FormoredetailsandtosignupvisitourwebsiteatcoastalCT.Let’sdiveintoaction—becauseacleanerbeachstartswithyou!第7頁/共26頁21.WhatistheaimoftheCoastalCleanupA.exploremarineresources.B.arousepassionforbeaches.C.maintaincoastalcleanness.D.circulatemarineknowledge.22.Whatdotherequirementsemphasize?A.Skillstodocleanupwork.B.Knowledgeaboutmarinelife.C.Abilityofregularparticipation.D.Innerdesireforenvironmentalprotection.23.Whicheventcontributestomunityservicehours?A.BeachCleanupDay.B.MonthlyCleanupC.FamilyFunDayCleanup.D.EarthDayCelebrationandCleanup.【答案】21.C22.D23.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章是一篇關于招募海岸清潔志愿者的宣傳文章，介紹了海岸清潔團隊的使命、參與要求、需攜帶物品、即將開展的活動等信息，呼吁人們加入團隊，共同保護海岸環境。【21題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第一段“JointheCoastalCleanupagroupofvolunteersmittedtoconservingourshoresandprotectingmarinelife(加入海岸清潔團隊，這是一群致力于保護我們的海岸和海洋生物的志愿者)”以及倒數第二段“Joinusinourqueuetokeepourbeachescleanandbeautiful!wecantackleplasticpollutionandcreateahealthierenvironmentformarineandhumanlifealike(干凈美麗！我們可以一起應對塑料污染，為海洋生物和人類創造一個更健康的環境)”可知，海岸清潔團隊的目的是保持海岸的清潔。故選C項。【22題詳解】細節理解題。根據“Requirements”部分“Alovefortheoutdoors.spiritandenthusiasm.tocontributetoenvironmentalconservation(知，這些要求強調的是個人對環境保護的內在渴望。故選D項。【23題詳解】細節理解題。根據“UpingEvents:”部分“MonthlyCleanupCrew:JoinuseveryfirstSaturdayofthemonthforongoingcleanupefforts,andearnmunityservicehours!(每月清潔團隊：每月的第一個星期六加MonthlyCleanupCrew(每月清潔團隊)”這個活動有助于獲得社區服務時間。故選B項。B第8頁/共26頁WhenindustrialengineerAbelCruzwasaboy,hisweeklyworkwastostrugglethrougharockyvalleyinthefoothillsofthePeruvianAndestofetchthefamily’swaterfromaspring.“Itwasdownhillfromthehouse,farawayandrough,”herecalls.ThischallengingtaskleftalastingimpressiononCruz,whobegandreamingupinnovativewaystocollectwatermoreefficiently.Heobservedthatthespecialplantshaveevolvedtocapturerainandmustwiththeirbroadandwideleaves.Thisobservationsparkedtheinspirationforarevolutionaryidea:afognet.Overtheyears,Cruzhasimprovedthisconceptandeventuallyshareditwithmunitiesaroundtheworld.Thefognetconsistsofverticalsections,eachcoveringanareaofabout215squarefeet.AsfogesfromthePacificOcean,microdropsofwaterconcentrateonthenetandthendripdownintocollectiontanksRemarkably,asinglenetcangatherbetween50and100gallonsofwaterperday!InjointwiththeCreatingFoundation,Cruzhasfixedover3,600ofthesenetsonthebarehillsidessurroundingLima,Peru.Thisinitiativehasbeencrucialinprovidingasustainablewatersourceforthecity,whichishometomorethan9millionresidents.Limaexperiencesminimalrainfallandstruggleswithfrequentwatershortages,makingCruz’sworkmorecritical.“Theplanethaslessandlessfreshwater,”Cruzemphasizes,highlightingtheimportanceofhiswork.“Glaciers,whichactasnaturalresources,aredisappearing,sowemustfindinnovativewaystoaccumulateandsavewaterforperiodsofdrought.”Hisnotonlychangelivesbutalsoemphasizetheurgentneedforsustainablesolutionsinaworldfacingincreasingwatershortage.24.WhyisCruz’schildhoodexperienceoffetchingwatermentioned?A.showwhatatoughboyCruzwas.B.explainhismotivationforinnovation.C.recallhisterriblesufferingsinthepast.D.provehowshortwaterwasinhishometown.25.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.ThewidespreadofCruz’sconcept.B.Thesignificanceofobservingnature.C.TheworkingprincipleofCruz’sinnovation.D.Thesourceofthewatercollectedinthenet.26.WhatfunctiondoesCruz’sinnovationserve?A.capturerainandmist.B.drawfogfromthePacific.第9頁/共26頁C.collecttinydropsofwater.D.occupythebarehillsides.27.WhatcanweinferaboutCruzfromthelastparagraph?A.Heoverlookstheneedtoimmediatelyconservewater.B.Hebelievestechnologycansolveallwaterrelatedissues.C.Hethinksthatwatershortageisjustatemporaryproblem.D.Heisfirmlydeterminedtofindwaysagainstwatershortage.【答案】24.B25.C26.C27.D【解析】AbelCruz缺水的秘魯利馬市提供可持續水源。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段中“WhenindustrialengineerAbelCruzwasaboy,hisweeklyworkwastostrugglethrougharockyvalleyinthefoothillsofthePeruvianAndestofetchthefamily’swaterfromaspring.(當工業工程師阿貝爾·克魯茲還是個孩子的時候，他每周的工作就是艱難地穿過秘魯安第斯山脈山麓的一個巖石山谷，從一個泉里取家里的水)”和“ThischallengingtaskleftalastingimpressiononCruz,whobegandreamingupinnovativewaystocollectwatermoreefficiently.(這項具有挑戰性的任務給克魯茲留下了深刻的印象，他開始想出更有效地收集水的創新方法)Cruz童年取水的經歷讓他開始思考創新取水方法，這經歷解釋了他創新的動機。故選B項。【25題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第二段中“Thefognetconsistsofverticalsections,eachcoveringanareaofabout215squarefeet.AsfogesfromthePacificOcean,microdropsofwaterconcentrateonthenetandthendripdownintocollectiontanksRemarkably,asinglenetcangatherbetween50and100gallonsofwaterperday!(霧網由垂直部分組成，每個部分的面積約為215平方英尺。當霧來自太平洋時，微小的水珠聚集在網上，然后滴50到100)Cruz發明的霧網的工作原理。故選C項。【26題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“AsfogesfromthePacificOcean,microdropsofwaterconcentrateonthenetandthendripdownintocollectiontanks(下面的收集罐中)”可知，Cruz的發明霧網的功能是收集微小的水滴。故選C項。【27題詳解】第10頁/共26頁推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“‘Theplanethaslessandlessfreshwater,’Cruzemphasizes,highlightingtheimportanceofhiswork.‘Glaciers,whichactasnaturalresources,aredisappearing,sowemustfindinnovativewaystoaccumulateandsavewaterforperiodsofdrought.’()”可推知，Cruz意識到缺水問題的嚴重性，堅定地要尋找應對缺水的方法。故選D項。CWhatdoyoudoasspringsetsin?yourwarmwintercoat,andputtingitaway?Forhumans,takingwintercoatsisaoneminutetask.Asitturnsout,notallanimalsaresocapable.SnowshoerabbitsliveinthemountainrangesofNorthAmerica,andhaveapurewhitecoatduringthewintertimetomatchthesnowysurroundingsandtohelpavoidbeingcaught.Andtheytakewintercoatsforadarkerbrownfurcolortomatchthedirtandleavesafterthesnowmeltsinthespring.Soundslikeagreatwaytoescapefromtheirnaturalenemies,right?However,concernbeginswhenscientistsbeginlookingathowthewarmingclimatewillimpacttherabbits.Therearemoreandmorewhiterabbitsinthemiddleofabrownhabitat,wherethesnowhasalreadymeltedaway.Thisisaproblemforthem,astheyaremoreeasilyseenbytheirnaturalenemies,givingthema“mismatch”problem.Snowshoerabbitstimethecoatchangeinspringfromwhitetobrownbasedonthechangeindaylength,notthetemperatureorthepresenceofsnowintheirhabitat.Nowadays,thesnowismeltingaweekonaveragebeforethechangeindaylengthsignalsthechangeincoatcolor,leavingtherabbitsexposedtotheirnaturalenemies.Somepredictionsputtherabbitsinupto8weeksofawhitecoatinabrown,snowlesshabitatbytheendofthiscentury.Thistimelinecouldspelldoomfortheirpopulations,astheirnaturalenemieswillhavenearly2monthsofeasilyspottingthem.Fortunately,scientistshavefoundareaswithsnowshoerabbitsincolorfromwhitetobrowninthesameplace,meaningthetimingofthecoatchangecanbeinfluencedbytheenvironment.Snowshoerabbitsreproducequickly,andifthecolorchangetimingispasseddownthenitispossibleforrabbitstochangecoatsaccordingly.Byprotectingareaswithvariableones,wecangivesnowshoerabbitstheopportunitytoadapttothechangingclimate.28.Whydoestheauthormentionhumans’takingwintercoats?A.stressclimatechangeisinfluential.B.implyanimalsshouldbetakencareof.C.showbondsbetweenmanandanimals.第11頁/共26頁D.leadtotheproblemofsnowshoerabbits.29.Whathasmadescientistsworryaboutsnowshoerabbits?A.Theyfailtokeeptheirwhitecolor.B.Theyareactiveinfreezingwinter.C.Theycan’tgetridofwhitefurwhensnowmelts.D.Theyareeasilycaughtbyhuntersonsnowydays.30.WhatcanbeinferredfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4?A.Morerabbitswillbekilled.B.Rabbits’enemiesarestronger.C.Therabbitpopulationwillshoot.D.Therabbitsmaydieoutinfuture.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbestconcludethetext?A.NaturalSelectionB.ImportanceofColorsC.SurvivaloftheFittestD.ofCoatChange【答案】28.D29.C30.A31.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹雪鞋兔因氣候變暖面臨毛色與環境不匹配的生存問題及應對希望。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“Forhumans,takingwintercoatsisaoneminutetask.Asitturnsout,notallanimalsaresocapable.(對人類來說，脫下冬衣是一分鐘的任務。事實證明，并非所有動物都有這種能力。)”可知，作者通過人類脫冬衣的輕松，引出動物，尤其是雪鞋兔面臨的換毛難題，從而自然過渡到文章主題。故選D項。【29題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Nowadays,thesnowismeltingaweekonaveragebeforethechangeindaylengthsignalsthechangeincoatcolor,leavingtherabbitsexposedtotheirnaturalenemies.(如今，平均來說，雪在日照時長變化預示換毛顏色之前一周就融化了，這讓兔子暴露在天敵面前。)”可知，科學家擔憂的是雪提前融化，而雪鞋兔仍依據日照時長換毛，導致它們在無雪環境中因白色毛發易被天敵發現。故選C項。【30題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第四段中的“Somepredictionsputtherabbitsinupto8weeksofawhitecoatinabrown,snowlesshabitatbytheendofthiscentury.Thistimelinecouldspelldoomfortheirpopulations,astheirnatural第12頁/共26頁enemieswillhavenearly2monthsofeasilyspottingthem.(息地中可能會有長達8周的白色皮毛。這段時間可能會給它們的種群帶來厄運，因為它們的天敵將有近兩個月的時間很容易發現它們。)”可知，長時間毛色與環境不匹配會使雪鞋兔被天敵捕食的風險大幅增加，因此，畫線句暗示“更多兔子將被獵殺”符合語境。故選A項。【31題詳解】Fortunately,scientistshavefoundareaswithsnowshoerabbitsincolorfromwhitetobrowninthesameplace,meaningthetimingofthecoatchangecanbeinfluencedbytheenvironment.Snowshoerabbitsreproducequickly,andifthecolorchangetimingispasseddownthenitispossibleforrabbitstochangecoatsaccordingly.(棕色不等，這意味著換毛時機可以受到環境的影響。雪鞋兔繁殖迅速，如果這種控制換毛時間的特性能夠遺傳下去，那么它們就有可能根據環境變化相應地調整毛色。)”可知，文章圍繞雪鞋兔因氣候變暖面臨毛色適應挑戰，既提到其生存危機，也指出它們通過快速繁殖和環境適應可能延續種群，體現了“適者生存”的自然法則，所以“適者生存”最能概括全文核心。故選C項。DMuchhasbeendiscussedabouthowmodernlifestylesleadtoinsufficientsleep,unlikeourancestorswholivedinsimplertimes.However,ananalysisof54globalsleepstudiesrevealsthatindividualsinsmall,nonindustrialsocietiesactuallysleeplessthanthoseinmoreindustrializedregions.“EveryoneIspeaktoinCanadaandtheUSplainsaboutpoorsleep,”saysLeelaMcKinnonfromtheUniversityofMississauga.“Butthedatadoesn’tsupportthat.”Itismonlybelievedthattheriseofdeviceslikesmartphoneshasresultedinreducedsleep—oftenreferredtoasasleeplossepidemic.manystudiesreportingadeclineinsleepdurationrelyonselfreporteddata,whichisanunreliablemeasure.Researchusingmorereliablemethods,suchasactivitymonitorsorbrainwavetracking,hasnotindicatedadecreaseinsleepoverrecentdecades.Forinstance,a2016reviewof168studiesfoundnosignificantdropinsleepdurationoverthepast50years.However,thesestudiesprimarilyfocusedonindustrializednations,leavingthequestionofwhethersleeppatternsweredifferentbeforeindustrializationunanswered.Theavailabilityofwristbasedactivitymonitorsmadeiteasiertostudysleepinnonindustrialsocieties.Suchstudieshaverevealedshortsleepdurations.Forinstance,amonghuntergatherers,theSanpeoplesinsouthernAfricasleepfor6.7hoursanightonaverage.McKinnonandhercolleagueDavidSamson,alsofromtheUniversityofMississauga,have第13頁/共26頁participatedinseveralrelevantstudies.Theyparedsleephabitsinindustrializednations—liketheUSandAustralia—withthoseinsmaller,nonindustrialmunities,includinglocalgroupsintheAmazon,Madagascar,andIslandinthePacific.Theiranalysis,themostprehensivetodate,involveddirectmeasurementsofsleepin866participantsaged18andolderwithnoserioushealthissues.Theydiscoveredthatindividualsinnonindustrialsocietiesaveraged6.4hoursofsleep,whilethoseinindustrialsocietiesaveraged7.1hours.Additionally,peopleinnonindustrialsocietieswereasleepfor74%oftheirtimeinbed,paredto88%inindustrializedareas,aconceptknownassleepefficiency.Samsonbelievesthatpeopleinindustrializedsocietiessleeplongerandbetterbecausetheirenvironmentismoresuitableforsleep.seethatwe’vemadesomerealgainsinthesafetyandsecurityofoursleepsites,”hesays.nolongerneedtoworryaboutrivalgroupsorpredatorsatnight.”32.WhatdoesLeelaMcKinnonthinkofsleepplaints?A.TheyareuniquetoCanada.B.Theyaresupportedbydata.C.Theyareoverstatedbypeople.D.Theyarecausedbysmartphones.33.Whydopeopleinindustrialsocietiessleepbetter?A.Theysleeplessbutfeelbetter.B.Theirsleeptechnologyisadvanced.C.Theyaremoreusedtoshortsleep.D.Theirsleepenvironmentsaresafer.34.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Nonindustrialsocietiessleepbetter.B.greatlyreducessleeptime.C.Industrializationworsenssleepquality.D.Researchchallengesbeliefsaboutsleep.35.Whereisthispassagemostlikelyfrom?A.Ahealthguide.B.Ahistorybook.C.Asciencejournal.D.Atravelmagazine.【答案】32.C33.D34.D35.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過對全球54項睡眠研究的分析，指出非工業化社會的人們實際上睡得更少，工業社會的人平均睡眠時間更長，且工業社會的環境更適合睡眠。作者反駁了“現代生活方式是導致睡眠不足的原因”這一觀念。【32題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中““EveryoneIspeaktoinCanadaandtheUSplainsaboutpoorsleep,”says第14頁/共26頁LeelaMcKinnonfromtheUniversityofMississauga.“Butthedatadoesn’tsupportthat.”(‘在加拿大和LeelaMcKinnon說。‘)”可知，LeelaMcKinnon認為人們對睡眠的抱怨被夸大了。故選C。【33題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段中“Samsonbelievesthatpeopleinindustrializedsocietiessleeplongerandbetterbecausetheirenvironmentismoresuitableforsleep.seethatwe’vemadesomerealgainsinthesafetyandsecurityofoursleepsites,”hesays.nolongerneedtoworryaboutrivalgroupsorpredatorsatnight.”(Samson)”可知，工業化社會的人們睡得更好是因為他們的睡眠環境更安全。故選D。【34題詳解】Muchhasbeendiscussedabouthowmodernlifestylesleadtoinsufficientsleep,unlikeourancestorswholivedinsimplertimes.However,ananalysisof54globalsleepstudiesrevealsthatindividualsinsmall,nonindustrialsocietiesactuallysleeplessthanthoseinmoreindustrializedregions.(關于現代生活方式如何導致睡眠不足的問題已經討論了很多，這與我們生活在更簡單時代的祖先不同。然而，一項對54項全球睡眠研究的分析顯示，小型非工業社會的人們實際上比工業化程度更高的地區的人們睡得少)”以及通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了研究挑戰了關于睡眠的普遍看法，即現代生活方式導致睡眠不足，而實際上非工業化社會的人們睡眠時間更短。因此，D選項“研究挑戰了關于睡眠的信念”最符合文章主旨。故選D。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章內容可知，本文主要討論了關于睡眠的研究結果，這些研究使用了可靠的方法來測量睡眠，并挑戰了關于現代生活方式導致睡眠不足的普遍看法。這樣的內容通常出現在科學期刊上，因此這篇文章最有可能來自一本科學期刊。故選C。第二節共5小題每小題分滿分分)It’shighlyexpectedthatstudentsneedtodeveloptheircriticalthinkingskills.Inotherwords,studentsneedtolearnhowtocollectinformation,makejudgmentsabouttheinformationandapplyittoanewcontext.Onewaytodevelopstudents’criticalthinkingistobecreativeaboutthequestionstheyask.___36___Forexample,theyhelpstudentsbebetterlanguagelearners.Often,questionsarethefirstpointofcontact.Evenifthequestionsarenotgoodenough,theyaregoingtodirectthelevelofyourconversation.___37___Andwhenyoubelieveinyourself,youcanhavemoreinteraction,whichmightleadtocriticalthinking.Theusualquestionaskingpatternstartswithspecificquestionsandthenmovestoabstractquestions.第15頁/共26頁___38___Firstly,createquestionsaboutinformationinthetextyou’rereading.Secondly,createquestionsaboutwhattheinformationinthetexthastodowithyourownlife.Finally,youcreatequestionsaboutabstractideas—ideasthathaveeupinthequestionsaboutyourself.Duringtheprocess,you’vepracticedcreativewaystoaskquestions.___39___However,whenyouaretoldwhichquestionstoanswer,youarelesslikelytobecreativeaboutthequestionsyouask.___40___makingalistofquestionsthatgofromconcretetoabstract,likethestepsgivenabove.A.Sopracticedevelopingyourownquestions.B.So,respondtothequestionsrelatedtoyourownlife.C.Additionally,peoplewhoaskquestionsareveryconfident.D.candevelopquestionsinthreestepswhenyoureadanewtext.E.Questionaskingactivitiesarebeneficialforstudentsinmanyways.F.Theabilitytoaskabstractquestionsisrelatedtohigherorderthinkingquality.G.Meanwhileyou’vepracticedcriticalthinkingbyconnectinginformationtoyourself.【答案】36.E37.C38.D39.G40.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，文章指出學生需培養批判性思維，提問是方式之一，介紹了提問好處、步驟及自主提問重要性。【36題詳解】根據上文“Onewaytodevelopstudents’criticalthinkingistobecreativeaboutthequestionstheyask.(培養學生批判性思維的一種方法是創造性地提出問題。)”以及下文“Forexample,theyhelpstudentsbebetterlanguagelearners.(例如，提問活動幫助學生成為更好的語言學習者。)”可知，提問活動幫助學生成為更好的語言學習者，有助于培養批判性思維，可知空處應是總述提問活動對學生有很多好處，引出下文舉例。E項“Questionaskingactivitiesarebeneficialforstudentsinmanyways.(提問活動在很多方面對學生有益。)”符合語境，故選E。【37題詳解】根據下文“Andwhenyoubelieveinyourself,youcanhavemoreinteraction,whichmightleadtocriticalthinking.(當你相信自己的時候，你可以有更多的互動，這可能會導致批判性思維。)”可知，下文說的是自信的人有更多的互動，這可能會導致批判性思維，空處應是說明提問和自信之間的關系，起到承上啟下的作用。C項“Additionally,peoplewhoaskquestionsareveryconfident.(此外，問問題的人非常自信。)”符合第16頁/共26頁語境，故選C。【38題詳解】根據下文“Firstly,createquestionsaboutinformationinthetextyou’rereading.Secondly,createquestionsaboutwhattheinformationinthetexthastodowithyourownlife.Finally,youcreatequestionsaboutabstractideas—ideasthathaveeupinthequestionsaboutyourself.(文本中的信息與你自身生活的關聯提出問題。最后，針對抽象概念提出問題——這些概念源自你針對自身情況所提出的問題中。)”可知，下文詳細說明了閱讀新文本時的三個步驟，可知空處應是引出關于閱讀新文本時提出問題的三個步驟。D項“candevelopquestionsinthreestepswhenyoureadanewtext.(當你閱讀一篇新文章時，你可以分三步提出問題。)”符合語境，故選D。【39題詳解】根據上文“Secondly,createquestionsaboutwhattheinformationinthetexthastodowithyourownlife.Finally,youcreatequestionsaboutabstractideas—ideasthathaveeupinthequestionsaboutyourself.Duringtheprocess,you’vepracticedcreativewaystoaskquestions.(其次，就文本中的信息與你自身生活的關聯提出問題。最后，針對抽象概念提出問題——這些概念源自你針對自身情況所提出的問題之中。在這個過程中，你鍛煉了創造性提問的方式。)”可知，空前說明了在按照三個步驟提問的過程中獲得的成果，空處應是進一步說明在這個過程中另一個成果，G項“Meanwhile,you’vepracticedcriticalthinkingbyconnectinginformationtoyourself.(與此同時，你通過將信息與自己聯系起來，練習了批判性思維。)”說的是另一個成果，承接上文，符合語境，故選G。【40題詳解】根據下文“makingalistofquestionsthatgofromconcretetoabstract,likethestepsgivenabove.(試著列一個從具體到抽象的問題清單，就像上面給出的步驟一樣。)”可知，下文說的是要試著列出從具體到抽象的問題，空處應是總結要練習自主提問。A項“So,practicedevelopingyourownquestions.(所以，練習提出你自己的問題。)”符合語境，故選A。第三部分語言運用共兩節，滿分分)第一節共小題每小題1分，滿分分)MichaelSurrelldidn’tseeblacksmokeshootingfromhisneighbors’homeinAllentown,Pennsylvania,untilhisdaughtercalled.Hewentto____41____andheardawomancryonthesidewalk.“Mygranddaughterisinthere—onthesecondfloor!”Thoughthefiredepartmenthadbeencalled,Sur