必修第三冊Unit6

Disasterandhope(主題語境類型：人與自然；話題：自然災害及其防范和應對措施；話題涉及教材其他內容：選擇性必修第二冊Unit6Survival)晨背短文?語境記詞必備知識?巧記活用核心考點?講練提升提能訓練練案[18]關鍵能力?對點習得核心素養?雙寫培優晨背短文?語境記詞根據漢語提示或所提供的單詞完成語篇，核對答案并背誦，以此串聯高中3000＋詞！(黑體部分是本單元詞匯)。Everysummerisahightimefornatural1.

(disaster),suchastyphoons,2.

(颶風),floods,heavyrains,landslidesandsoon.Ithasbeen3.

(exceptional)hotinmanycitiesthissummer,withtemperaturesplus38degreesCelsius,andtheheat4.

(forecast)tolastforthreeweeks.disastershurricanesexceptionallyisforecastManyexpertsimmediatelygave5.

(rely)explanationsfortheeruptionoftheseextremeweatherevents.6.

isannouncedthatextremeweather7.

(occur)mainlyduetoglobalwarming,8.

brings9._________(很大的危機)topeople.10.

(compare)totheheat,theheavyraininZhengzhouinthesummerof2021seriously11._________

(threaten)people'slivesandproperty.Thankstothetimelyrescueofthegovernmentandcitizens,manypeopleweresaved.12.

(要不然),thisemergency13.

(bring)unimaginableharmtopeople.reliableItoccurswhichgreatcrisisComparedthreatenedOtherwisewouldbring14.

thefaceofnaturaldisasters,weshouldtakethefollowingpracticalmeasures15.

(protect)ourselves.Firstly,stayinthe16.

(庇護處)asmuchaspossible.Secondly,makesureyouhave17.

(充足的食物),water,andsoon.Finally,beoptimisticandbrave,sothatyoucanovercometheunacceptablethings.Intoprotectsheltersufficientfood必備知識?巧記活用Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——我會認1．tuben.______

2．plusadj.________________________

3．hurricanen．______

4．landsliden．____________

5．tsunamin．______

6．typhoonn．_______

管子(用于數字后面表示)多，余颶風山崩，滑坡海嘯臺風7．blizzardn．________

8．avalanchen．______

9．satelliten．__________

10．billionnum.______

11．lapn．____________________

12．helicoptern．_________

13．mosquiton．_____

14．countyn．____________________________

15．propertyn．___________________

暴風雪雪崩人造衛星十億(坐著時的)大腿部直升機蚊子(美國等國家的)縣；(英國的)郡所有物，資產，財產Ⅱ.重點單詞——我會寫1.

n．災難，災禍2.

v．發生3.

v．預測，預報4.

v．攫取，抓住5.

v．營救，解救6.

n．緊急情況，不測事件7.

v．(戰爭、事故等)奪去(生命)8.

n．危機disasteroccurforecastgrabrescueemergencyclaimcrisis9.

adv.什么地方都不，無處10.

adv.否則，要不然11.

n．子夜，午夜12.

adj.足夠的，充足的單詞拼寫1．(2024·全國甲卷)Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthat'sunpredictable,butdoesn'tseemtocomefrom

(無處),onethatfitswhat'srightforthecharacters.nowhereotherwisemidnightsufficientnowhere2．(2023·浙江卷)Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,somissingyourscanbea

(災難).3．(2022·浙江卷)Herpettransportjobwasbornofthefinancial______

(危機)inthelate2000s.4．(2022·新課標全國Ⅱ卷)Levineandhisresearchteamselectedvolunteersagedbetween45and64whodidnotexercisemuchbutwere________(要不然)healthy.5．Iwasreallyupsettofindthatsuchathingshouldhave

(發生)inyourshop.disastercrisisotherwiseoccurred6．Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguidethatthemountainclimberwas_________(營救).7．Sofartheearthquakehas

(奪去)over3，000lives.Ⅲ.拓展單詞——我會變1.

v．(火山)爆發，噴發→

n．火山爆發；(戰爭等)爆發2.

adv.即刻，馬上prep.一……就→

adj.立即的，立刻的rescuedclaimederupteruptionimmediatelyimmediate3.

n．通告，公告→

vt.宣布；通告→________

n．播音員；廣播員4.

adj.可信賴的，可靠的→

vi.依靠；依賴5.

adv.極其，非?！?/p>

prep.除……之外conj.除了，只是→

n．例外→

adj.非凡的；不同尋常的；杰出的6.

v．威脅到，危及→

n．威脅，可能會帶來危險的人(事)7.

adv.精確地，準確地→

adj.精確的，準確的announcementannounceannouncerreliablerelyexceptionallyexceptexceptionexceptionalthreatenthreatpreciselyprecise[語境活用]——用所給詞的適當形式填空1．Beingoutofworkis

.Butthe

canurgetheworkerstoworkharder,whichcanmaketheworkersmore

．(threat)2．Nowadayswe

increasinglyoncomputersforhelpsoyoursoftwaremustbe

．(rely)3．Mybrotherisalways

.Therearen'tanyboysgoingouttodothatthing

him.Heistotallyan

．(except)threateningthreatthreatenedrelyreliableexceptionalexceptexception4．Enoughlava

fromthevolcanoandthis

buriedtheentirevillage.(erupt)5．Duetotheseriousnessoftheproblem,hetook

measures

____________hearrivedathisoffice.(immediate)6．Iamhereto

myretirementfromthegameofbasketball.Itwon‘tbeanother

tobaseball.(announce)Ⅳ.重點短語——我牢記1.

還沒有2.

拾起，撿起，拿起；學會eruptederuptionimmediateimmediatelyannounceannouncementhaveyettopickup3.

到達……4.

瀏覽5.

畢竟，終究6.

突然，猛地7.

落下，降落8.

在戶外9.

向上看；查閱10.

前進makeittolookthroughafterallallofasuddencomedownintheopenairlookupmoveon[語境活用]——選用上述短語填空1．Thereisnoneedforyoutofeelsorryaboutit.

，it'snotyourfault.2.

thetestpapersbeforetheyarehandedin.3．IwascaughtinthetrafficjamandIwasafraidIcouldn't

thepartyontime.4．Onhiswaytotheairport,ithithim

thathehadforgottenhispassport.5．Thethievesbrokeintomanyhouseswhilepeopleinthisvillagewerecelebratingthefestival

．AfterallLookthroughmakeittoallofasuddenintheopenair1.“發生”詞匯集錦①arisev．發生；出現②occurv．出現；發生③happenv．(偶然)發生④takeplace產生，發生⑤comeabout產生，發生⑥breakout突然發生2．“數字”拾零①dozen十二；一打②score二十③hundred百④thousand千⑤million百萬⑥billion十億3．fore-前綴表示“預見的；前部的”①forecastn．&v．預測，預報②foreseev．預見，預知③foretellv．預言，預測④foreheadn．前額⑤forewordn．前言，序⑥foresightn．先見之明，遠見1.Whenithitthecoast,hugetidalwavescausedsevereflood,costingthelivesofupto300，000citizens．當它襲擊海岸時，巨大的海嘯引起了嚴重的洪水，造成了多達30萬市民死亡?！究键c凝練】現在分詞短語作結果狀語2．Iwassittinginmyroomwithmycat,Smartie,onmylap,whentheroofjustflewoff.我正坐在房間里，我的貓斯瑪蒂趴在我的大腿上，這時屋頂飛走了。【考點凝練】bedoing...when...3．ButMomsaidthatwhateverhappens,weshouldalwaystrytoseethegoodsideofthings.但是媽媽說，無論發生什么，我們都應該總是努力看到事情好的一面。【考點凝練】讓步狀語從句[語境活用]——經典句式仿寫1．如果沒有這些自然產生的氣體，太陽光線將會被反射回太空中去，使地球變得寒冷，并且不可能在上面生存。(現在分詞短語作結果狀語)Withoutthesenaturallyoccurringgases,thesun'srayswouldbouncebackintospace

.leavingtheEarthcoldandimpossibletoliveon2．他正在修他的自行車，這時他聽到有東西正在靠近他。(bedoing...when...)He

heheardsomethingwasapproachinghim.3．不管是什么，結果都是對最純正的中亞傳統的精妙生動的描述。(whatever)

，theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.wasrepairinghisbikewhenWhateveritis核心考點?講練提升核

心

詞

匯1．occurvi.發生；存在；出現；(想法)產生基礎練習·單句語法填空(1)Sometimesevenroutine

(occur)becomesourcesofpre-anger，orangeritself.(2)Nowitoccurredtohim

hisotherimportantpropertyismoreimportantthanacow.(3)Wearetheproductsofevolution，andnotjustevolutionthat_______

(occur)billionsofyearsago.occurrencesthatoccurred歸納拓展·sth.occurs/occurredtosb.某人突然想起某事；某人發生某事Itoccurs/occurredtosb.that.../todo...某人突然想起……·occurrencen．出現；發生；事件聯想發散表示“某人突然想起……”的句式還有：sth.strike/hitsb.,sb.hit/strikeonsth.,etosb.，eintoone'smind等。能力提升·句式寫作誦讀(4)ItoccurredtomethatIshouldgotoattendameetingwhenIwasabouttogohome.→Itoccurredtome

ameetingwhenIwasabouttogohome.2．announcementn．通知，宣布基礎練習·單句語法填空(1)(2022·全國乙卷)First

(announce)inApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity(肥胖).togotoattendannounced(2)Encouragereaderstousethelibrary.Sharelibrary______________

(announce)onyoursocialmedia.(3)Heannounced

herthegoodnewsofhisgoingabroad.歸納拓展(1)makeanannouncement下通知，宣布(2)announcev．宣布，宣告，通知；聲稱；預示announcesth.tosb.＝announcetosb.sth.向某人宣布某事Itisannouncedthat...據稱，據宣布……announcementsto能力提升·句式寫作誦讀(4)(普通表達)Thegovernmenthasannouncedplanstocreate10，000newjobs.(高級表達)

thegovernmentwillplantocreate10，000newjobs.(it作形式主語)3．reliableadj.可信賴的，可依賴的，可靠的基礎練習·單句語法填空(1)Earthquakescanbedestructive.Unfortunately,wedon'thavea_______(rely)waytopredict.Ithasbeenannouncedthatreliable(2)Tobehonest,heisnotamanwhocan

(rely)on.(3)Manypeoplenowwouldrelyon

(surf)theInternetratherthanreadnewspaperfornews.(4)Irelyonhim

everything；he'smyrightarm.歸納拓展relyv.依靠，依賴relyon/upon依靠，依賴relyon/uponsb....todo/doing...依賴……做……bereliedsurfingforrelyon/uponsb./sth.forsth.在某事上依賴/指望某人/物relyonitthat...指望……，相信……能力提升·句式寫作誦讀(5)如今父母為他們的獨生子女做了一切，這讓孩子們嚴重依賴父母。(寫作話題之家庭生活)Nowadaysparentshavedoneeverythingfortheironlychild,

．whichmakesthechildrenrelyontheirparentsbadly(6)你可以相信，你有困難時我會幫助你。①Youcan

whenyouareintrouble.②Youcan

whenyouareintrouble.③Youcan

whenyouareintrouble.4．rescuev．&n．營救；拯救；救援基礎練習·單句語法填空(1)Weoftenhearstoriesofanimals

(rescue)peoplewhenadisasteroccurs.(2)Thelittlegirlwasrescued

aburningbuilding.relyonmetohelpyourelyonitthatIcanhelpyourelyonmyhelpingyourescuingfrom(3)Manyparentscouldn'tholdbacktheirtearswhena

(rescue)carriedateenagegirloutoftheruins.歸納拓展·rescuesb./sth.fromsth.從……中營救……go/cometoone'srescue去/來救某人·rescuern．營救人員rescuer能力提升·句式寫作誦讀(4)Thechildwhowasrescuedjustnowisbeingsenttothenearesthospital.→Thechild

isbeingsenttothenearesthospital.(用非謂語動詞改寫)(5)那個23歲女孩的尖叫聲引來了一位路人前去營救。The23-year-oldgirl'sscreamsalertedapasser-bywho

．rescuedjustnowwenttoherrescue5．threatenvt．威脅，恐嚇基礎練習·單句語法填空(1)Davidthreatened

(report)hisneighbourimmediatelytothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.(2)Rapideconomicdevelopment

(threat)animalhabitats.(3)Thisposes

threattoagricultureandthefoodchain,andconsequentlytohumanhealth.toreportthreatensa歸納拓展·threatensb.with...用……威脅某人threatentodosth.威脅要做某事threatenthat...威脅……·athreattosb./sth.對某人或某事的威脅能力提升·句式寫作誦讀(4)Hewasthreatenedbyterroristsanddidn'tdaretovoteforthepresident.→

，hedidn‘tdaretovoteforthepresident.(過去分詞短語作狀語)Threatenedbyterrorists6．otherwiseadv.否則，要不然；除此以外；以另外方式conj.否則，要不然基礎練習·一詞多義寫出下列句子中otherwise的詞性和漢語意思(1)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807，500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemishedproducethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.__________

(2)I'mluckythatIliketheatmosphere,otherwiseI'dgomad._________

adv.否則

conj.否則(3)Therentisabithigh，butotherwisethehouseisimpressive.______________

(4)I'mafraidthemanagercannotseeyounowasheisotherwiseoccupied.______________

歸納拓展otherwise常用于虛擬語氣中。howeveradv.然而thereforeadv.因此，所以moreover/furthermoreadv.而且adv.除此以外adv.以另外方式能力提升·句式寫作誦讀(5)Iwasverybusyatthetime,

．我當時太忙了，否則我就幫助她了。(6)Ifyoudon'tseizethechance，youwillregretit.→Seizethechance,

.7．makeitto到達，抵達；趕上基礎練習·單句語法填空(1)Iplantomake

inanadmirablemanner.otherwiseIwouldhavehelpedherotherwise/oryouwillregretitit(2)Kateheardaman'svoiceinthebackground，butshecouldn'tmake____whathewassaying.(3)WhatIwanttotellyouisthatthisclassispreciselymadeup

20boysand15girls.歸納拓展makeup編造，杜撰；組成，構成；化妝；補上；湊數；和好；占……makeupfor彌補；補償makeout辨認；弄清；理解outofbemadeupof由……組成(構成)bemadeof/from由……制成bemadeinto把……制成……bemadeoutof由……制成makeit獲得成功；約定時間；按時到達能力提升·句式寫作誦讀(4)我甚至還沒來得及走到門口表達我的謝意，她就離開了。(讀后續寫之動作描寫)SheleftbeforeIcouldeven

tooffermythanks.makeittothedoor(5)據說，大約20名志愿者組成了那個隊伍，我也想參加。(應用文之申請信)Itissaidthat

andIwanttojoinit.abouttwentyvolunteersmadeupthatteam重

點

句

型whatever引導讓步狀語從句ButMomsaidthatwhateverhappens，weshouldalwaystrytoseethegoodsideofthings.但是媽媽說，無論發生什么，我們都應該總是努力看到事情好的一面?；A練習·單句語法填空(1)(2024·新課標全國Ⅱ卷)

disadvantageslifeinItalymighthave,theproblemsareforgottenonceyousitdowntoabigmealwithfriendsandfamily.(2)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityin__________theyweredoing.(3)

iskindenoughandreliablecanjoininthisrescue.(4)

thefilmstargoes,therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.WhateverwhateverWhoeverWherever歸納拓展本句中whatever引導讓步狀語從句，其含義相當于nomatterwhat，意為“不管什么，無論什么”，其位置可在主句前，也可在主句后?！hatever，whoever,whichever,whomever既可引導名詞性從句，也可引導讓步狀語從句。在引導讓步狀語從句時，相當于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom?！henever，wherever，however引導讓步狀語從句時，相當于nomatterwhen/where/how。能力提升·句式寫作誦讀(5)無論他做什么，他的父母都支持他。①

，hisparentssupportedhim.(whatever)②

，hisparentssupportedhim.(what)WhateverhedidNomatterwhathedid關鍵能力?對點習得Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Oilprices

(forecast)toincreasebylessthan2%thisyear.2．Thisisoneoftheworstnatural

(disaster)evertostrikethearea.3．Athief

(grab)herhandbagasshewaswalkingacrossthepark.4．Theyoungmanisan

(exceptional)talentedplayer.areforecastdisastersgrabbedexceptionally5．McGeechanhasnotrecovered

(sufficient)toplayinthesemi-finaltomorrow.6．Agroupofusweresheltering

theraininthenearbystore.7．Inan

(announce),theministersaidthatexpertshadknown

(precise)thenumberoftheinfectedpeople.8．Nowmanyspecies

(threat)withextinction.Asaresult,some

(rely)measuresshouldbetakentoprotectthem.9.

(immediate)the

(rescue)arrivedatthefloodedarea,theygotdowntowork.sufficientlyfromannouncementpreciselyarethreatenedreliableImmediatelyrescuers10．Itwasthebiggest

(erupt)ofthevolcanothathad________

(occur)inthepast30years.It

(claim)hundredsoflives.Ⅱ.語境辨義練一詞多義練/熟詞生義練1．claim(1)Itwasclaimedthatmanypeopleweretrappedinthemountainbecauseofthelandslide.___

A.vt.(戰爭、事故等）奪去（生命）B.vt.聲稱，主張C.vt.要求，索取D.vt.獲得，贏得eruptionoccurredclaimedB

(2)Sheclaimeddamagesfromthecompanyfortheinjuryshehadsuffered.____

(3)Thehurricaneclaimedmorethan20residents'lives.____

(4)IntheEnglishspeech，theyoungmanwhoclaimedthefirstprizejumpedwithathrillofjoy.___

CAD2．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思(1)InmyfirstP．E.class，theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball._____________

(2)Whenwearrived，weattemptedtofindaseat，butallthegoodseatshadbeengrabbed．_______

(3)(2024·新課標全國Ⅰ卷)Thedifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper'sphysicalproperties．__________

跑道的一圈搶占性質，特性核心素養?雙寫培優Ⅰ.話題微寫作(運用單元知識，在真實任務情境中提高語言綜合運用能力)夏天即將來臨，暴雨增多，積水增加，洪水泛濫。新華中學為了增加學生的安全自救常識，準備了一份關于暴風雨的安全知識宣傳海報。請你根據以下提示擬定海報內容。1．夏天快到了。洪水等災害可能會發生。(disaster;occur)—————————————————————————————

Summerisdrawingnear.Somedisasterslikefloodarelikelytooccur.2．為了在洪水發生時確保您的安全，請記住以下幾點。(keep...inmind)————————————————————————————————————————————3．在洪水發生前，隨時了解天氣預報和安全公告。(announcement)————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————Inordertokeepyousafeincaseofflood,pleasekeepthefollowinginmind.Beforeaflood,keepyourselfinformedoftheweatherforecastsandsafetyannouncements.4．把雨衣或雨傘放在手邊。準備足夠的食物和急救用品。(leave...onhand)————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————5．如果洪水發生，應立即待在高處等待救援。(rescue;immediately)————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————Leaveyourraincoatorumbrellaonhand.Prepareenoughfoodandfirstaidsupplies.Ifafloodhappens,stayatahigherplaceandwaitforrescueimmediately.6．抓住能浮在水面上的東西來自救。遠離電。(catch)————————————————————————————————————————————————————————7．多注意深水，避免在水中行走。(payattentionto;avoid)—————————————————————————————

8．不要試圖在大樹下尋找遮蔽處。(shelter)——————————————————

Catchsomethingthatcanfloatonthewatertorescueyourself.Stayawayfromelectricity.Paymoreattentiontothedeepwaterandavoidwalkinginthewater.Donottrytofindshelterunderhightrees.9．不要喝洪水，因為不干凈。(as引導原因狀語從句)————————————————————

10．不要返回家中搶救個人財產。(祈使句)————————————————————

Donotdrinkfloodwaterasitisnotclean.Donotreturnhometorescuepersonalproperty.[句式升級]將第5句用非謂語動詞形式進行改寫升級?！?/p>

[連句成篇]Ifafloodhappens,stayatahigherplacetowaitforrescueimmediately.參考范文：FloodSafetyGuidelinesSummerisdrawingnear.Somedisasterslikefloodarelikelytooccur.Inordertokeepyousafeincaseofflood,pleasekeepthefollowinginmind：

Beforeaflood,keepyourselfinformedoftheweatherforecastsandsafetyannouncements.Leaveyo