專題十主旨大意【考綱解讀】考點內容考查方式2016—2017年浙江高考主旨大意題考次統計2017.112017.62016.10主旨大意考綱要求考生能夠理解文章或某段落的主要內容,能歸納文章要點,概括中心思想在閱讀理解中以單項選擇的方式考查310分析解讀主旨大意題主要考查考生理解文章或特定的段落、概括大意的能力。它不僅考查考生的文章理解能力,也考查在理解文字的基礎上的歸納、概括能力。【命題探究】例1(2017浙江11月,B)Itssurprisinghowmuchsimplemovementsofthebodycanaffectthewaywethink.Usingexpansivegestureswithopenarmsmakesusfeelmorepowerful,crossingyourarmsmakesyoumoredeterminedandlyingdowncanbringmoreinsights(領悟).Soifmovingthebodycanhavetheseeffects,whatabouttheclotheswewear?Wereallwellawareofhowdressingupindifferentwayscanmakeusfeelmoreattractive,sportyorprofessional,dependingontheclotheswewear,butcantheclothesactuallychangecognitive(認知的)performanceorisitjustafeeling?AdamandGalinskytestedtheeffectofsimplywearingawhitelabcoatonpeoplespowersofattention.Theideaisthatwhitecoatsareassociatedwithscientists,whoareinturnthoughttohavecloseattentiontodetail.Whattheyfoundwasthatpeoplewearingwhitecoatsperformedbetterthanthosewhowerent.Indeed,theymadeonlyhalfasmanyerrorsasthosewearingtheirownclothesontheStroopTest(onewayofmeasuringattention).Theresearcherscalltheeffect“enclothedcognition,”suggestingthatallmannerofdifferentclothesprobablyaffectourcognitioninmanydifferentways.Thisopensthewayforallsortsofclothesbasedexperiments.Isthewriterwhowearsafedoramorecreative?Isthepsychologistwearinglittleroundglassesandsmokingacigarmoreinsightful?Doesachefshatmaketheresultantfoodtastebetter?FromnowonIwillonlybeeditingarticlesforPsyBlogwhilewearingawhitecoattohelpkeepthetypingerrorcountlow.HopefullyyouwillbedoingyourpartbyreadingPsyBloginacapandgown(學位服).Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Bodymovementschangethewaypeoplethink.B.Howpeopledresshasaninfluenceontheirfeelings.C.Whatpeoplewearcanaffecttheircognitiveperformance.D.Peopledoingdifferentjobsshouldweardifferentclothes.命題方法總結文章的主旨或中心思想,如例1。這類題目的題干經常會是:Whatisthemainideaofthetext?Whatisthetextmainlyabout?等。在選項的設置中,其中一項是正確的文章大意,如本題C項。干擾項中,其中有的選項可能是主題詞錯誤,如本題A項和B項。A的主語是bodymovements而非本文的主旨“衣服穿著”。而B項對象錯誤,其賓語是feelings而非recognition。而有的選項則是完全偏離文章的主旨,如D項。解題指導1.閱讀時關注整個文章,特別注意高頻詞。如本文中,高頻詞是“peoplewear”“theircognitive”。高頻詞對總結文章的主旨有非常重要的指導性。2.把握文章的結構和各段的段意。如果讀完文章,對文章主旨不是很有把握,那么可以進一步明確文章的結構,對每一段的段意細化。如果各段的段意明確了,而且文章的結構也清楚了,那么對歸納整個文章的主旨就比較容易了。【例2】(2017課標全國Ⅲ,D)TheIntelligentTransportteamatNewcastleUniversityhaveturnedanelectriccarintoamobilelaboratorynamed“DriveLAB”inordertounderstandthechallengesfacedbyolderdriversandtodiscoverwherethekeystresspointsare.Researchshowsthatgivingupdrivingisoneofthekeyreasonsforafallinhealthandwellbeingamongolderpeople,leadingtothembeingmoreisolated(隔絕)andinactive.LedbyProfessorPhilBlythe,theNewcastleteamaredevelopinginvehicletechnologiesforolderdriverswhichtheyhopecouldhelpthemtocontinuedrivingintolaterlife.Theseincludecustommadenavigation(導航)tools,nightvisionsystemsandintelligentspeedadaptations.PhilBlytheexplains:“Formanyolderpeople,particularlythoselivingaloneorinthecountry,drivingisimportantforpreservingtheirindependence,givingthemthefreedomtogetoutandaboutwithouthavingtorelyonothers.”“Butweallhavetoacceptthataswegetolderourreactionsslowdownandthisoftenresultsinpeopleavoidinganypotentiallychallengingdrivingconditionsandlosingconfidenceintheirdrivingskills.Theresultisthatpeoplestopdrivingbeforetheyreallyneedto.”DrAmyGuo,theleadingresearcherontheolderdriverstudy,explains:“TheDriveLABishelpingustounderstandwhatthekeystresspointsanddifficultiesareforolderdriversandhowwemightusetechnologytoaddresstheseproblems.”“Forexample,mostofuswouldexpectolderdriversalwaysgoslowerthaneveryoneelsebutsurprisingly,wefoundthatin30mphzonestheystruggledtokeepataconstantspeedandsoweremorelikelytobreakthespeedlimitandbeatriskofgettingfined.Werelookingatthebenefitsofsystemswhichcontroltheirspeedasawayofpreventingthat.”“Wehopethatourworkwillhelpwithtechnologicalsolutions(解決方案)toensurethatolderdriversstaysaferbehindthewheel.”Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewModelElectricCarB.ASolutiontoTrafficProblemsC.DrivingServicesforEldersD.KeepingOlderDriversontheRoad命題方法1.概括文章的標題,如例2。這類題目的設題主干通常都是Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?。其設題思路都是四個選項中有一個選項包含了文章的最關鍵的核心詞。如例2,其文章的中心就是研究人員為了理解老年司機面臨的生活挑戰和壓力而進行的一項研究。他們想通過研究,找到一套切實可行的技術方案,以延長老年人的開車時間,確保他們的開車安全。所以,其核心詞就是“老人”和“開車”,因此D項正確。其他選項或者核心詞不全,如A和C,只有其中一項關鍵詞;或者信息完全偏離,如B項。2.總結某一段落的中心思想。此類設題方式和總結文章的主旨和中心思想設題方法一致,只是它只關注文章的一段,而不是整個文章。解題指導對于besttitle的題目,解題的最佳方法是檢查選項中的主要詞匯是否是文章的核心詞,是否包含了文章最關鍵的核心詞。如本題,其關鍵詞就是“老人”和“開車”,因此選擇C。命題規律主旨大意題命題比較穩定,一般一套題目中出現1~2個。其設題的方式基本在mainidea和besttitle之間輪換進行。【五年高考】第一組記敘文Passage1(2017浙江,A)詞數:326BenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays,abrushwasmadefromcamelshair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbegantolookragged(蓬亂).Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.Thecatslotwasabouttoimprove.Thatyear,oneofBenjaminscousins,Mr.Pennington,cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjaminsdrawings.Whenhewenthome,hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings(版畫)byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.

In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold,Mr.Penningtonreturnedforanothervisit.HewasamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjaminsparentsifhemighttaketheboybacktoPhiladelphiaforavisit.Inthecity,Mr.PenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganalandscape(風景)painting.WilliamWilliams,awellknownpainter,cametoseehimwork.WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.Buthelatersaid,“Thosetwobooksweremypanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight.”Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenineyearoldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.BenjaminsvisittoPhiladelphia.B.WilliamsinfluenceonBenjamin.C.ThebeginningofBenjaminslifeasanartist.D.ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3suggest?A.Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.B.Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.C.Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.D.Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.3.WhatdidPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent?A.Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.B.Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.C.HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.D.Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.4.WilliamstwobookshelpedBenjaminto.

A.mastertheuseofpaintsB.appreciatelandscapepaintingsC.gettoknowotherpaintersD.makeuphismindtobeapainter答案1.C2.D3.B4.DPassage2(2016江蘇,D)詞數:590Notsolongago,mostpeopledidntknowwhoShellyAnnFraserPrycewasgoingtobee.Shewasjustanaveragehighschoolathlete.TherewaseveryindicationthatshewasjustanotherJamaicanteenagerwithoutmuchofafuture.However,onepersonwantedtochangethis.StephenFrancisobservedtheneighteenyearoldShellyAnnatatrackmeetandwasconvincedthathehadseenthebeginningsoftruegreatness.Hertimeswerenotexactlyimpressive,butevenso,hesensedtherewassomethingtryingtogetout,somethingtheothercoacheshadoverlookedwhentheyhadassessedherandfoundherlacking.HedecidedtoofferShellyAnnaplaceinhisverystricttrainingsessions.Theircooperationquicklyproducedresults,andafewyearslateratJamaicasOlympictrialsinearly2008,ShellyAnn,whoatthattimeonlyrankednumber70intheworld,beatJamaicasunchallengedqueenofthesprint(短跑).“Wheredidsheefrom?”askedanastonishedsprintingworld,beforeconcludingthatshemustbeoneofthoseonehitwondersthatspringupfromtimetotime,onlytodisappearagainwithoutsigns.ButShellyAnnwastoprovethatshewasanythingbutaonehitwonder.AttheBeijingOlympicsshesweptawayanydoubtsaboutherabilitytoperformconsistentlybybeingthefirstJamaicanwomanevertowinthe100metresOlympicgold.ShediditagainoneyearonattheWorldChampionshipsinBerlin,beingworldchampionwithatimeof10.73—thefourthfastesttimeever.ShellyAnnisalittlewomanwithabigsmile.Shehasamentaltoughnessthatdidnoteaboutbychance.Herjourneytobeingthefastestwomanonearthhasbeenanythingbutsmoothandeffortless.ShegrewupinoneofJamaicastoughestinnercitymunitiesknownasWaterhouse,whereshelivedinaoneroomapartment,sleepingfourinabedwithhermotherandtwobrothers.Waterhouse,oneofthepoorestmunitiesinJamaica,isareallyviolentandoverpopulatedplace.SeveralofShellyAnnsfriendsandfamilywerecaughtupinthekillings;oneofhercousinswasshotdeadonlyafewstreetsawayfromwhereshelived.Sometimesherfamilydidnthaveenoughtoeat.Sheranattheschoolchampionshipsbarefootedbecauseshecouldntaffordshoes.HermotherMaxime,oneofafamilyoffourteen,hadbeenanathleteherselfasayounggirlbut,likesomanyothergirlsinWaterhouse,hadtostopaftershehadherfirstbaby.MaximesearlyentryintotheadultworldwithitsresponsibilitiesgaveherthedeterminationtoensurethatherkidswouldnotendupinWaterhousesroundaboutofpoverty.OneofthefirstthingsMaximeusedtodowithShellyAnnwastakinghertothetrack,andshewasreadytosacrificeeverything.ItdidnttakelongforShellyAnntorealizethatsportscouldbeherwayoutofWaterhouse.OnasummereveninginBeijingin2008,allthoselong,hardhoursofworkandmitmentfinallyborefruit.Thebarefootkidwhojustafewyearspreviouslyhadbeenlivinginpoverty,surroundedbycriminalsandviolence,hadwrittenanewchapterinthehistoryofsports.ButShellyAnnsvictorywasfargreaterthanthat.ThenightshewonOlympicgoldinBeijing,theroutinemurdersinWaterhouseandthedrugwarsintheneighbouringstreetsstopped.Thedarkcloudaboveoneoftheworldstoughestcriminalneighbourhoodssimplydisappearedforafewdays.“Ihavesomuchfireburningformycountry,”Shellysaid.SheplanstostartafoundationforhomelesschildrenandwantstobuildamunitycentreinWaterhouse.ShehopestoinspiretheJamaicanstolaydowntheirweapons.Sheintendstofighttomakeitawomansaswellasamansworld.

AsMuhammadAliputsit,“Championsarentmadeingyms.Championsaremadefromsomethingtheyhavedeepinsidethem.Adesire,adream,avision.”OneofthethingsShellyAnncanbeproudofisherunderstandingofthistruth.1.WhydidStephenFrancisdecidetocoachShellyAnn?A.Hehadastrongdesiretofreeherfamilyfromtrouble.B.Hesensedagreatpotentialinherdespiteherweaknesses.C.Shehadbigproblemsmaintainingherperformance.D.Shesufferedalotofdefeatsattheprevioustrackmeets.2.WhatdidthesprintingworldthinkofShellyAnnbeforethe2008OlympicGames?A.Shewouldbeeapromisingstar.B.Shebadlyneededtosethighergoals.C.Hersprintingcareerwouldnotlastlong.D.Hertalentforsprintingwasknowntoall.3.WhatmadeMaximedecidetotrainherdaughteronthetrack?A.Hersuccessandlessonsinhercareer.B.HerinterestinShellyAnnsquickprofit.C.HerwishtogetShellyAnnoutofpoverty.D.Herearlyentranceintothesprintingworld.4.WhatcanweinferfromShellyAnnsstatementunderlinedinParagraph5?A.Shewashighlyrewardedforherefforts.B.Shewaseagertodomoreforhercountry.C.Shebecameanathleticstarinhercountry.D.Shewastheenvyofthewholemunity.5.BymentioningMuhammadAliswords,theauthorintendstotellusthat.

A.playersshouldbehighlyinspiredbycoachesB.greatathletesneedtoconcentrateonpatienceC.hardworkisnecessaryinonesachievementsD.motivationallowsgreatathletestobeonthetop6.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMakingofaGreatAthleteB.TheDreamforChampionshipC.TheKeytoHighPerformanceD.ThePowerofFullResponsibility答案1.B2.C3.C4.B5.D6.APassage3(2015天津,C)詞數:369OnedaywhenIwas12,mymothergavemeanorder:Iwastowalktothepubliclibrary,andborrowatleastonebookforthesummer.Thiswasonemoreweaponforhertodefeatmystrangeproblem—inabilitytoread.Inthelibrary,Ifoundmywayintothe“ChildrensRoom”.Isatdownonthefloorandpulledafewbooksofftheshelfatrandom.Thecoverofabookcaughtmyeye.Itpresentedapictureofabeagle.Ihadrecentlyhadabeagle,thefirstandonlyanimalpanionIeverhadasachild.Hewasmysecretsharer,butonemorning,hewasgone,givenawaytosomeonewhohadthespaceandthemoneytocareforhim.Ineverforgotmybeagle.Thereonthebookscoverwasabeaglewhichlookedidentical(相同的)tomydog.Iranmyfingersoverthepictureofthedogonthecover.Myeyesranacrossthetitle,Amos,theBeaglewithaPlan.Unknowingly,Ihadreadthetitle.Withoutopeningthebook,Iborroweditfromthelibraryforthesummer.Undertheshadeofabush,IstartedtoreadaboutAmos.Ireadvery,veryslowlywithdifficulty.Thoughpageswereturnedslowly,Igotthemainideaofthestoryaboutadogwho,likemine,hadbeenseparatedfromhisfamilyandwhofinallyfoundhiswaybackhome.Thatdogwasmydog,andIwasthelittleboyinthebook.Attheendofthestory,mymindcontinuedthefinalsceneofreunion,onandon,untilmyownlostdogandIwere,inmymind,runningtogether.Mymotherscallreturnedmetotherealworld.Isuddenlyrealizedsomething:Ihadreadabook,andIhadlovedreadingthatbook.EveryoneknewIcouldnotread.ButIhadreadit.BookscouldbeincrediblywonderfulandIwasgoingtoreadthem.Inevertoldmymotheraboutmy“miraculous(奇跡般的)”experiencethatsummer,butshesawaslowbutremarkableimprovementinmyclassroomperformanceduringthenextyear.Andyearslater,shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbooks,wasawardedaPhDinliterature,andauthoredhisownbooks,articles,poetryandfiction.Thepowerofthewordshasheld.1.Theauthorsmothertoldhimtoborrowabookinorderto.

A.encouragehimtodomorewalkingB.lethimspendameaningfulsummerC.helpcurehimofhisreadingproblemD.makehimlearnmoreaboutweapons2.Thebookcaughttheauthorseyebecause.

A.itcontainedprettypicturesofanimalsB.itremindedhimofhisowndogC.hefounditstitleeasytounderstandD.helikedchildrensstoriesverymuch3.Whycouldtheauthormanagetoreadthebookthrough?A.Hewasforcedbyhismothertoreadit.B.Heidentifiedwiththestoryinthebook.C.Thebooktoldthestoryofhispetdog.D.Thehappyendingofthestoryattractedhim.4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Theauthorhasbeeasuccessfulwriter.B.Theauthorsmotherreadthesamebook.C.Theauthorsmotherrewardedhimwithbooks.D.Theauthorhashadhappysummerseversince.5.Whichonecouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheCharmofaBook B.MumsStrictOrderC.ReunionwithMyBeagle D.MyPassionforReading答案1.C2.B3.B4.A5.APassage4(2015安徽,B)詞數:275Whenherfivedaughterswereyoung,HeleneAnalwaystoldthemthattherewasstrengthinunity(團結).Toshowthis,shehelduponechopstick,representingoneperson.Thensheeasilybrokeitintotwopieces.Next,shetiedseveralchopstickstogether,representingafamily.Sheshowedthegirlsitwashardtobreakthetiedchopsticks.Thislessonaboutfamilyunitystayedwiththedaughtersastheygrewup.HeleneAnandherfamilyownalargerestaurantbusinessinCalifornia.However,whenHeleneandherhusbandDannylefttheirhomeinVietnamin1975,theydidnthavemuchmoney.TheymovedtheirfamilytoSanFrancisco.TheretheyjoinedDannysmother,Diana,whoownedasmallItaliansandwichshop.Soonafterwards,HeleneandDianachangedthesandwichshopintoasmallVietnameserestaurant.Thefivedaughtershelpedintherestaurantwhentheywereyoung.However,Helenedidnotwantherdaughterstoalwaysworkinthefamilybusinessbecauseshethoughtitwastoohard.Eventuallythegirlsallgraduatedfromcollegeandwentawaytoworkforthemselves,butonebyone,thedaughtersreturnedtoworkinthefamilybusiness.TheyopenednewrestaurantsinSanFranciscoandLosAngeles.Eventhoughfamilymemberssometimesdisagreedwitheachother,theyworkedtogethertomakethebusinesssuccessful.DaughterElizabethexplains,“Ourmothertaughtusthattosucceedwemusthaveunity,andtohaveunitywemusthavepeace.Withoutthestrengthofthefamily,thereisnobusiness.”Theirexpandingbusinessbecamealargecorporationin1996,withthreegenerationsofAnsworkingtogether.NowtheAnscorporationmakesmorethan$20millioneachyear.Althoughtheybeganwithasmallrestaurant,theyhadbigdreams,andtheyworkedtogether.Nowtheyareabigsuccess.1.Helenetiedseveralchopstickstogethertoshow.

A.thestrengthoffamilyunity B.thedifficultyofgrowingupC.theadvantageofchopsticks D.thebestwayofgivingalesson2.WecanlearnfromParagraph2thattheAnfamily.

A.startedabusinessin1975B.leftVietnamwithoutmuchmoneyC.boughtarestaurantinSanFranciscoD.openedasandwichshopinLosAngeles3.WhatcanweinferabouttheAndaughters?A.Theydidnotfinishtheircollegeeducation.B.Theycouldnotbeartoworkinthefamilybusiness.C.TheywereinfluencedbywhatHelenetaughtthem.D.Theyweretroubledbydisagreementamongfamilymembers.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoRunaCorporation B.StrengthesfromPeaceC.HowtoAchieveaBigDream D.FamilyUnityBuildsSuccess答案1.A2.B3.C4.DPassage5(2015陜西,B)詞數:282WhenthedognamedJudyspottedthefirstsheepinherlife,shedidwhatesnaturally.Thefouryearolddogsetoffracingafterthesheepacrossseveralfieldsand,beingacityanimal,lostbothhersheepandhersenseofdirection.Thensheranalongtheedgeofacliff(懸崖)andfell100feet,bouncingoffarockintothesea.HerownerMikeHoldenpanickedandcalledthecoastguardofCornwall,whoturnedupinseconds.Sixvolunteerssliddownthecliffwiththehelpofaropebutgaveupallhopeoffindingheraliveaftera90minutesearch.Threedayslater,ahurricanehitthecoastnearCornwall.Mr.Holdenreturnedhomefromhisholidayupsetandconvincedhispetwasdead.Hefortedhimselfwiththethoughtshehaddiedinthemostbeautifulpartofthecountry.Forthenexttwoweeks,theHoldenswereheartbroken.Then,oneday,thephonerangandSteveTregear,thecoastguardofCornwall,askedHoldenifhewouldlikehisdogback.Abirdwatcher,armedwithatelescope,foundthepetsittingdesperatelyonarock.Whilehesoundedthealarm,astudentfromLeedsclimbeddowntheclifftocollectJudy.Thedoghadinitiallybeenknockedunconscious(失去知覺的)buthadsurvivedbydrinkingwaterfromafreshstreamatthebaseofthecliff.Shemayhavefedonthebodyofasheepwhichhadalsofallenovertheedge.“Thedogwasverythinandhungry,”SteveTregearsaid.“Itwasaveryluckydog.Shesurvivedbecauseofaplentifulsupplyoffreshwater,”headded.Itwas,asMr.Holdenadmitted,“aminormiracle(奇跡)”.1.ThedogJudyfelldownthecliffwhenshewas.

A.rescuingherowner B.caughtinahurricaneC.blockedbyarock D.runningafterasheep2.WhospottedJudyaftertheaccident?A.Abirdwatcher. B.AstudentfromLeeds.C.Sixvolunteers. D.ThecoastguardofCornwall.3.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Peopleliketotravelwiththeirpets.B.Judywastakentothefieldsforhunting.C.LuckplaysavitalroleinJudyssurvival.D.HoldencaredlittlewhereJudywasburied.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MiracleoftheCoastguard. B.SurvivingaHurricane.C.DangersintheWild. DingBackfromtheDead.答案1.D2.A3.C4.DPassage6(2015重慶,A)詞數:284Atthirteen,Iwasdiagnosed(診斷)withakindofattentiondisorder.Itmadeschooldifficultforme.Wheneveryoneelseintheclasswasfocusingontasks,Icouldnot.Inmyfirstliteratureclass,Mrs.Smithaskedustoreadastoryandthenwriteonit,allwithin45minutes.Iraisedmyhandrightawayandsaid,“Mrs.Smith,yousee,thedoctorsaidIhaveattentionproblems.Imightnotbeabletodoit.”Sheglanceddownatmethroughherglasses,“Youarenodifferentfromyourclassmates,youngman.”Itried,butIdidntfinishthereadingwhenthebellrang.Ihadtotakeithome.Inthequietnessofmybedroom,thestorysuddenlyallbecamecleartome.Itwasaboutablindperson,LouisBraille.Helivedinatimewhentheblindcouldntgetmucheducation.ButLouisdidntgiveup.Instead,heinventedareadingsystemofraiseddots(點),whichopenedupawholenewworldofknowledgetotheblind.WasntIthe“blind”inmyclass,beingmadetolearnlikethe“sighted”students?Mythoughtsspilledoutandmypenstartedtodance.Ipletedthetaskwithin40minutes.Indeed,Iwasnodifferentfromothers;Ijustneededaquieterplace.IfLouiscouldfindhiswayoutofhisproblems,whyshouldIevergiveup?IdidntexpectanythingwhenIhandedinmypapertoMrs.Smith,soitwasquiteasurprisewhenitcamebacktomethenextday—withan“A”onit.Atthebottomofthepaperwerethesewords:“Seewhatyoucandowhenyoukeeptrying?”1.Theauthordidntfinishthereadinginclassbecause.

A.hewasnewtotheclassB.hewastiredofliteratureC.hehadanattentiondisorderD.hewantedtotakethetaskhome2.WhatdoweknowaboutLouisBraillefromthepassage?A.Hehadgoodsight. B.Hemadeagreatinvention.C.Hegaveupreading. D.Helearnedalotfromschool.3.WhatwasMrs.Smithsattitudetotheauthorattheendofthestory?A.Angry. B.Impatient. C.Sympathetic. D.Encouraging.4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thedisabledshouldbetreatedwithrespect.B.Ateachercanopenupanewworldtostudents.C.Onecanfindhiswayoutofdifficultieswithefforts.D.Everyoneneedsahandwhenfacedwithchallenges.答案1.C2.B3.D4.CPassage7(2014課標Ⅱ,A)詞數:269ArrivinginSydneyonhisownfromIndia,myhusband,Rashid,stayedinahotelforashorttimewhilelookingforahouseformeandourchildren.Duringthefirstweekofhisstay,hewentoutonedaytodosomeshopping.Hecamebackinthelateafternoontodiscoverthathissuitcasewasgone.Hewasextremelyworriedasthesuitcasehadallhisimportantpapers,includinghispassport.Hereportedthecasetothepoliceandthensatthere,lostandlonelyinastrangecity,thinkingoftheterribletroublesofgettingallthepaperworkorganisedagainfromadistantcountrywhiletryingtosettledowninanewone.Lateintheevening,thephonerang.Itwasastranger.Hewastryingtopronouncemyhusbandsnameandwasaskinghimalotofquestions.Thenhesaidtheyhadfoundapileofpapersintheirtrashcan(垃圾桶)thathadbeenleftoutonthefootpath.Myhusbandrushedtotheirhometofindakindfamilyholdingallhispapersanddocuments.Theiryoungdaughterhadgonetothetrashcanandfoundapileofunfamiliarpapers.Herparentshadcarefullysortedthemout,althoughtheyhadfoundmainlyforeignaddressesonmostofthedocuments.Atlasttheyhadseenahalfwrittenletterinthepileinwhichmyhusbandhadgivenhisnewtelephonenumbertoafriend.Thatfamilynotonlyrestoredtheimportantdocumentstousthatdaybutalsorestoredourfaithandtrustinpeople.Westillremembertheirkindnessandoftensendawarmwishtheirway.1.WhatdidRashidplantodoafterhisarrivalinSydney?A.Goshopping. B.Findahouse.C.Joinhisfamily. D.Takeavacation.2.ThegirlsparentsgotRashidsphonenumberfrom.

A.afriendofhisfamily B.aSydneypolicemanC.aletterinhispapers D.astrangerinSydney3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“restored”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Showed. B.Sentout. C.Delivered. D.Gaveback.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FromIndiatoAustralia. B.LivinginaNewCountry.C.TurningTrashtoTreasure. D.InSearchofNewFriends.答案1.B2.C3.D4.CPassage8(2014四川,C)詞數:293Aschoolgirlsavedherfatherslifebykickinghiminthechestafterhesufferedaseriousallergic(過敏的)reactionwhichstoppedhisheart.Izzy,nine,restartedfatherColmsheartbystamping(踩)onhischestafterhefelldownathomeandstoppedbreathing.Izzysmother,Debbie,immediatelycalled999butIzzyknewdoctorswouldneverarriveintimetosaveherfather,sodecidedtouseCPR.However,shequicklydiscoveredherarmswerentstrongenough,soshestampedonherfatherschestinstead.Debbiethentookoverwithsomemoreconventionalchestpressions(按壓)untiltheambulancearrived.Izzy,whohasbeengivenabraveryawardbyherschool,said:“Ijustkickedhimreallyhard.MymumtaughtmeCPRbutIknewIwasntstrongenoughtousehands.Iwasquitescared.ThedoctorsaidImightaswellbeadoctororanurse.MymumsaidthatDadwasgoingtohospitalwithabigfootprintonhischest.”“Shesalittlestar,”saidDebbie.“IwasreallyupsetbutIzzyjusttookover.Ijustcantbelievewhatshedid.Ireallythinkallchildrenshouldbetaughtfirstaid.IzzydidCPRthenthedoctorturnedup.Colmhadtohavemoretreatmentonthewaytothehospitalandwevegottoseeanexpert.”TruckdriverColm,35,sufferedamysteryallergicreactiononSaturdayandwastakentohospital,butwassenthomeonlyforittohappenagainthenextday.Thesecondattackwassoseriousthathisairwayswelled,preventinghimfrombreathing,hisbloodpressuredroppedsuddenly,andhisheartstoppedforamoment.Hehasnowmadeafullrecoveryfromhissuffering.1.Izzykickedherfatherinthechest.

A.toexpressherhelplessness B.topractiseCPRonhimC.tokeephimawake D.torestarthisheart2.Whatstherightorderoftheevents?①IzzykickedColm.②Debbiecalled999.③IzzylearnedCPR.④Colmsheartstopped.A.③①②④ B.④②③① C.③④②① D.④③①②3.WhatdoesParagraph8mainlytalkabout?A.WhatColmsuffered.B.Colmspresentcondition.C.WhatcausedColmsallergy.D.SymptomsofColmsallergicreaction.4.Whydoestheauthorwritethenews?A.Todescribeaseriousaccident.B.ToprovetheimportanceofCPR.C.Toreporta9yearoldgirlsbraveact.D.Tocallpeoplesattentiontoallergicreaction.答案1.D2.C3.A4.CPassage9(2014重慶,A)詞數:262Iwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.Eachofherobjectshaditsplace,butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled(貼標簽)everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime,KategotneaterandIgotmessier.Shewouldpushmydirtyclothingover,andIwouldlaymybooksonhertidydesk.Webothgottiredofeachother.Warbrokeoutoneevening.Katecameintotheroom.Soon,Iheardherscreaming,“Takeyourshoesaway!Whyundermybed!”Deafened,Isawmyshoesflyingatme.Ijumpedtomyfeetandstartedyelling.Sheyelledbacklouder.Theroomwasfilledwithanger.Wecouldnothavestayedtogetherforasingleminutebutforaphonecall.Kateansweredit.Fromherendoftheconversation,Icouldtellrightawayhergrandmawasseriouslyill.Whenshehungup,shequicklycrawled(爬)underhercovers,sobbing.Obviously,thatwassomethingsheshouldnotgothroughalone.Allofasudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.Slowly,Icollectedthepencils,tookbackthebooks,mademybed,cleanedthesocksandsweptthefloor,evenonherside.IgotsointomyworkthatIevendidntnoticeKatehadsatup.Shewaswatching,hertearsdriedandherexpressiononeofdisbelief.Then,shereachedoutherhandstograspmine.Ilookedupintohereyes.Shesmiledatme,“Thanks.”KateandIstayedroommatesfortherestoftheyear.Wedidntalwaysagree,butwelearnedthekeytolivingtogether:givingin,cleaningupandholdingon.1.WhatmadeKatesoangryoneevening?A.Shecouldntfindherbooks.B.Sheheardtheauthorshoutingloud.C.Shegotthenewsthathergrandmawasill.D.Shesawtheauthorsshoesbeneathherbed.2.Theauthortidieduptheroommostprobablybecause.

A.shewasscaredbyKatesangerB.shehatedherselfforbeingsomessyC.shewantedtoshowhercareD.shewasaskedbyKatetodoso3.HowisParagraph1mainlydeveloped?A.Byanalyzingcauses.B.Byshowingdifferences.C.Bydescribingaprocess.D.Byfollowingtimeorder.4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthestory?A.MyFriendKate B.HardWorkPaysOffC.HowtoBeOrganized D.LearningtoBeRoommates答案1.D2.C3.B4.DPassage10(2014湖南,B)詞數:319Inthemid1950s,Iwasasomewhatboredearlyadolescentmalestudentwhobelievedthatdoinganymorethannecessarywaswastedeffort.Oneday,thisapproachthrewmeintoembarrassment.

InMrs.TottenseighthgrademathclassatCentralAvenueSchoolinAnderson,Indiana,wewerelearningtoaddandsubtractdecimals(小數).Ourteachertypicallyassigneddailyhomework,whichwouldberecitedinclassthefollowingday.Onmostdays,ourgradeswerebasedonouroralanswerstohomeworkquestions.Mrs.Tottenusuallywalkedupanddowntherowsofdesksrequestinganswersfromstudentafterstudentintheorderthequestionshadappearedonourhomeworksheets.Shewouldstarteitheratthefrontorthebackoftheclassroomandworktowardtheotherend.SinceIwasseatednearthemiddleofabout35students,itwaseasytofigureoutwhichquestionsImighthavetoanswer.Thisparticulartime,Ihadpletedmyusualtwoorthreeproblemsaccordingtomycalculations.WhatIfailedtoexpectwasthatseveralstudentswereabsent,whichthrewoffmyestimate.AsMrs.Tottenmadeherwayfromthebeginningoftheclass,IdesperatelytriedtodeterminewhichmathproblemIwouldget.Itriedtoworkitoutbeforeshegottome,butIhadbrainfreezeandcouldntfunction.WhenMrs.Tottenreachedmydesk,sheaskedwhatanswerIdgotforproblemNo.14.“I...Ididntgetanything,”Ianswered,andmyfacefeltwarm.“Correct,”shesaid.Itturnedoutthatthecorrectanswerwaszero.WhatdidIlearnthatday?First,alwaysdoallyourhomework.Second,inreallifeitisntalwayswhatyousaybuthowyousayitthatmatters.Third,Iwouldnevermakeitasamathematician.IfIcouldchooseoneschooldaythattaughtmethemost,itwouldbethatone.1.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph1indicate?A.Itiswisetovalueonestime.B.Itisimportanttomakeaneffort.C.Itisrighttosticktoonesbelief.D.Itisenoughtodothenecessary.2.Usually,Mrs.Tottenaskedherstudentsto.

A.recitetheirhomeworktogetherB.gradetheirhomeworkthemselvesC.answertheirhomeworkquestionsorallyD.checktheanswerstotheirhomeworkquestions3.Theauthorcouldworkoutwhichquestionstoanswersincetheteacheralways.

A.askedquestionsinaregularwayB.walkedupanddownwhenaskingquestionsC.chosetwoorthreequestionsforthestudentsD.requestedher