高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1吉林省白城市2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月質(zhì)量檢測英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.Whendoesthetrainleave?A.At7:15. B.At7:25. C.At7:40.【答案】C【原文】M:Whattimedoesthetrainleave?W:Notuntil7:40,butIwanttoarriveatthetrainstationby7:15.2.Howwillthemanpay?A.Bycreditcard. B.Bycheck. C.Incash.【答案】A【原文】W:Thatsofais￡200.Howwillyoupay?M:Doyouacceptcheques?W:No,butyoucanpaybycreditcardorincash.M:OK.I’vegotmycreditcardwithmetoday.3.WhathasGinabeendoingrecently?A.Doingscientificresearch. B.ImprovingEnglishskills. C.Preparingforexams.【答案】C【原文】M:Hi,Gina.Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?W:I’vebeenstudyinghardformyexams.Englishisapieceofcake.AndphysicsisjustOK.ButIamweakinmath.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome. B.Intheoffice. C.Inthehospital.【答案】A【原文】M:Wow,youdon’tlookverygood.DoyoufeelOK?W:No,IthinkI’mgettingacold.M:You’dbetteraskforsickleave.OK,stayinbedandI’llgetyousomehotwater.5.Whydoesthemancometotalktothewoman?A.Toinvitehertothetheater. B.TovisitMr.Whitetogether. C.Toaskhertohandinthepaper.【答案】A【原文】M:Wouldyouliketogotothetheaterwithme?W:I’dloveto,butImustfinishthepaperontheexperiment.Mr.Whiteisexpectingit.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdoesthewomandislikeabouttheyellowblouse?A.Itsprice. B.Itssize. C.Itscolor.7.Whatcolorblousedoesthewomanbuyatlast?A.Pink. B.Black. C.Blue.【答案】6.B7.C【原文】M:Whatdoyouthinkofthispinkblouse?W:Ilikeit,butit’stooexpensive.M:Thenhowaboutthisyellowone?It’sonsale.W:Letmetryiton.Well,itseemstoobigforme.Doyouhaveasmallersize?M:Sorry,wedon’t.Butwehaveasmallersizeinblueandblack.W:MayItryontheblueone?M:Ofcourse.W:Ilikeit.Ourschoolconcertrequiresustowearthiscolor.Isthisonsale,too?M:Yes,itis.W:OK,I’lltakethisone.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Forashortageofmoney. B.Fortheamountofredwine. C.Forthelatearrivalofgoods.9.Whatisthewomangoingtodofirst?A.Talktothemaninperson. B.Saysorrytohercoworkers. C.Figureouttheproblem.【答案】8.B9.C【原文】W:Hello,RedWineCompany.MayIhelpyou?M:Yes,we’vejustreceivedthelastorderofredwinefromyouandfoundthatit’s5,000bottlesshort.Weordered15,000bottles,butwe’vejusthad10,000arrived.W:Oh,Idoapologize.Idon’treallyunderstandwhythishashappened.I’llcheckwiththetransportdepartmentandcallyoubackwithinthehour.IsthatOK?Thenwecanorganizethenewtransportassoonaspossible.M:Fine.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.WhydoesthemanwanttogotoChina?A.Togosightseeing. B.Tomeethisfriend. C.Tolearnitsculture.11.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Attenddancinglessons. B.Askherparentsforhelp. C.Studywithherclassmates.12.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirplans. B.Theirschool. C.Theirhobbies.【答案】10.C11.A12.A【原文】W:Wow,anotheryearisover.DoyouhaveanyNewYearplans?M:Yeah,IwanttogotoChina.MyfriendJimwenttherelastyearandvisitedmanyplacesofinterest.ButwhatIwanttodoislearnitscultureanditslanguage,becauseit’sacountrywithalonghistory,soIwillbethereforthenexttwoyears.Whataboutyou?What’syourplan?W:Iwanttomeetsomenewpeopleanddosomethingfun.M:Likewhat?W:Idon’tknow.MaybeIneedahobby.M:Well,whatdoyouliketodo?W:Ilovetodance.I’dliketostudymoderndance.M:Thenyoushouldtakeaclass.W:Goodidea.Bydoingthis,Icandosomethingfunaswellasmeetingotherpeople.M:That’sright.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.WhatdidMarkdolastsummer?A.Hesoldsomecars. B.Heworkedinashop. C.Hetouredacollege.14.HowwillMarkspendthemoneyhemade?A.Orderingbooks. B.Buyingacar. C.Payingforcollege.15.Howdoesthewomanfindhersummerjob?A.Tiring. B.Pointless. C.Valuable.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolfriends. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Salesmanandcustomer.【答案】13.B14.B15.A16.A【原文】W:Hi,Mark.Whatdidyoudolastsummer?M:IhadajobinashoplastsummerandIlovedit.Itwasashoeshopinthetowncenter.Ihadtoworklonghours,butImetsomereallynicepeopleandImadealotofmoney.IwilluseittobuyacarwhenIgotocollegenextyear.W:Wow.That’sgreat.You’vebeguntomakepreparationsforcollegelife.Hopefullywe’llstillstudytogether.M:Ihopeso.Well,howdidyouspendyoursummerholiday?W:Iworkedinaclothesshopduringthesummerholiday,butIdidn’tlikeit.Ihadtoworkfrom8amuntil6pmanditmademefeeltired.M:Whydon’tyoufindajobinabookshop?It’seasyandinteresting.W:Idon’tknowaboutworkinginabookshop.MaybeIcantrynexttime.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthecamp?A.Itissetinavillage. B.Itiswellequipped. C.Itisinamodernstyle.18.Howmanystudentscanthesummercampholdatmost?A.12. B.17. C.20.19.WhendoestheAll-Campmeetingtakeplace?A.Inthemorning. B.Intheafternoon. C.Intheevening.20.Whatwillthestudentsdonext?A.Throwaparty. B.Deliveraspeech. C.Gototheirrooms.【答案】17.B18.C19.B20.C【原文】W:Hi,I’mSandraandI’moneofyouractivityleaders.IwouldliketowelcomeyoualltoSunandSeaSummerCamp.Iwouldjustliketoexplainalittleaboutthecampprogram.Thecampisbuiltinatraditionalvillagestyle.Ithasverylargeroomswithafridge,TV,air-conditioningandallotherusefulequipment.Itcancomfortablyhostfourpeople.TheSunandSeaCampwelcomesupto20children,aged12-17.Inthemorning,therearetwoprogramstochoosefrom:theAdventureCampandtheEnglishLanguageCamp.Afterthemorningactivitiesandlessonshavefinished,it’stimeforahealthylunch.Afterlunchthereisaresttimeduringthehottesthoursoftheday,whichisfrom1:30pmto3:30pm.ThenthepopularAll-Campmeetingstartstheafternoonswhereaseriesofexcitingactivitiestakeplaceinagegroups.Everyeveningtherearespecialeventsplanned.Theyaremainlyculturalvisitsandsomeofthesewillcertainlybeamongthemostinterestingpartsofyourtwo-weekexperience.That’sitfornow.So,letmegetyoualltoyourroomsandontolunch,sowecanallgettoknoweachother.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AUWStudentClassicalMusicJacobyCompetitionTheworldsofcompetitionandclassicalmusicmeethead-onastheUniversityofWyoming’sfineststudentmusicianswillbechosenduringtheUWSymphonyOrchestra’sJacobyCompetitionat7:30pmonMay6intheBuchananCenterforthePerformingArtsconcerthall.Ticketsare$19forthegeneralpublic,$15fortheelderlyand$9forstudents.Toordertickets,call(307)766-6666orgoonlineat/ticket-sales/uwyo/6984.TheconcertisnamedafterDorothyJacoby,amusicalandfoundingmemberofthelocalSymphonyAssociationandalongtimesupporterofclassicalmusicinLaramie.Afterherdeath,hersons,PeterandMichaelJacoby,madeagenerouscontributioninhonouroftheirmother.“TheJacobyCompetitionneverfailstobeoneoftheUWSymphonyOrchestra’smostexcitingevents,”saysUWDepartmentofMusicProfessorMichaelGriffith.“Whatyouwillhearisactuallythefinalsofatwo-stagecompetition.”Severalmonthsago,manyUWmusicstudentsplayedtheirselectedpiecesintheaudition(試演)round.Agroupofwell-knownmusiciansservedasjudgesandchosetheseventopstudentstoperforminthefinalsconcert.Anothersetofjudgeswillbeattheperformanceandwilldecidethebesttwoperformancesoftheevening.Thewinnerswillgetthe$2,500prizethatisawardedattheperformance.21.Whatistheticketpriceforstudentstoattendtheconcert?A.$5. B.$9. C.$15. D.$19.22.Whatwerethemusicstudentsrequiredtodointhefirstround?A.Producetheoriginalwork. B.Practicewiththesemusicians.C.Performtheirpickedmusic. D.Playpieceswrittenbyjudges.23.Whatwillthewinnersreceive?A.Recordings. B.Cashawards. C.Concerttickets. D.Singingauditions.【答案】21.B22.C23.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了懷俄明大學(xué)音樂學(xué)院將舉辦的Jacoby音樂比賽決賽，7名選手競逐獎項(xiàng)，紀(jì)念已故音樂贊助人DorothyJacoby。【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ticketsare$19forthegeneralpublic,$15fortheelderlyand$9forstudents.(普通票為19美元，老年票為15美元，學(xué)生票為9美元)”可知，學(xué)生參加音樂會的票價是9美元。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Severalmonthsago,manyUWmusicstudentsplayedtheirselectedpiecesintheaudition(試演)round.(數(shù)月前，懷俄明大學(xué)眾多音樂專業(yè)學(xué)生在初選輪演奏了自選曲目)”可知，音樂專業(yè)的學(xué)生被要求在第一輪演奏他們自選的曲目。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thewinnerswillgetthe$2,500prizethatisawardedattheperformance.(獲勝者將獲得在演出當(dāng)晚頒發(fā)的2500美元獎金)”可知，獲獎?wù)邔@得現(xiàn)金獎勵。故選B項(xiàng)。BArielProcacciahasalwaysbeenattractedbybigquestionsandhardproblems.Whenhewasateenager,Procaccialovedreadingbooksaboutbigideas.OneofhisfavoriteswasFermat’sLastTheorem,whichtellsthestoryofamathpuzzle(難題)thatremainedunsolvedformorethan300years.AnotherbookheenjoyedwasABriefHistoryofTime,whichexploresdeepquestionsabouttheuniverse.Bythetimehewenttocollege,Procacciaknewhewantedtostudytwoofthreethings—math,computerscienceandphysics.“Butmydadisaphysicsprofessor,anditseemedstrangetodothesamethinghedid,”Procacciasays.“SoIchosetheothertwo.”Today,ProcacciaisacomputerscientistatHarvardUniversityinCambridge,Mass.There,hedesignscomputeralgorithms(算法)thatcansolveproblemsquicklyandfairly.Throughthiswork,Procacciahasbeenabletoaddresssomebigproblemsthatdirectlyaffectpeople’sdailylives.OneofhisfavoriteprojectsisS.It’safreewebsitethathelpspeopledividethingsinawaythatmathematicallyensuresfairness.Forexample,oneoftheappsonSplidditisrentdivision.Sayafewroommatesrentanapartmentandhavedifferentpreferencesoverrooms.Thegoalistoassign(分配)theroomsanddividetherentinawaythateachroommatefeelstheygotthebestdeal.SinceSplidditwasstartedin2014,ithasbeenusedbyhundredsofthousandsofpeople.Forthosewhothinkcomputerscienceisonlyaboutcomputers,Procacciahasadifferentview.Hebelievesitisreallyaboutsolvingproblemsinthebestwaypossible.Heencouragespeopletoexploreit,eveniftheythinktheyarenotinterestedincomputers.Hesays,“It’snotjustaboutthemachines;it’saboutusingthemtomakearealdifferenceinpeople’slives.”24.WhatcanwelearnaboutProcacciafromthefirstparagraph?A.Hehasacuriousmind. B.Helongedtobeateacher.C.Hewasaquietteenager. D.Heenjoyswritingstories.25.WhydidProcacciastudymathandcomputerscienceincollege?A.Heacceptedhisfather’ssuggestion.B.Hefailedtochoosethesubjectsheloved.C.Hewasunwillingtofollowhisfather’spath.D.Hethoughtcomputersciencewasmorepopular.26.WhatisthemainpurposeofthewebsiteS?A.Toencouragestudentstoexploremath. B.Toshareinformationonlow-renthousing.C.Tohelpitsusersfindsuitableroommates. D.Tooffersolutionstofairdivisionproblems.27.WhatisProcaccia’sopinionaboutcomputerscience?A.Itismainlyaboutcomputers. B.Itaimstoimprovepeople’sdailylives.C.Itonlydrawscollegestudents. D.Itdependsonfuturecomputerscientists.【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了ArielProcaccia是一位熱衷于解決復(fù)雜問題的計算機(jī)科學(xué)家，他開發(fā)了S等工具，利用算法實(shí)現(xiàn)公平分配，并認(rèn)為計算機(jī)科學(xué)的真正價值在于改善人們的生活，而不僅僅是技術(shù)本身。【24題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whenhewasateenager,Procaccialovedreadingbooksaboutbigideas.OneofhisfavoriteswasFermat’sLastTheorem,whichtellsthestoryofamathpuzzle(難題)thatremainedunsolvedformorethan300years.AnotherbookheenjoyedwasABriefHistoryofTime,whichexploresdeepquestionsabouttheuniverse.(少年時期的Procaccia就癡迷于閱讀探討宏大思想的書籍。他尤其喜愛《費(fèi)馬大定理》，這本書講述了一個困擾數(shù)學(xué)界三百余年的未解之謎；另一本讓他著迷的是《時間簡史》，書中深入探討了關(guān)于宇宙本質(zhì)的深刻問題。)”可知，Procaccia少年時期喜歡閱讀關(guān)于宏大思想的書籍，這些書涉及深奧的數(shù)學(xué)和宇宙問題，體現(xiàn)了他強(qiáng)烈的好奇心。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Procaccia所說的話“Butmydadisaphysicsprofessor,anditseemedstrangetodothesamethinghedid(但我父親是物理學(xué)教授，如果我也走同樣的路，總覺得有點(diǎn)奇怪)”和“SoIchosetheothertwo.(所以我選了另外兩個。)”可知，Procaccia之所以在大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)和計算機(jī)科學(xué)，是因?yàn)樗辉敢庾吒赣H的職業(yè)道路。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“OneofhisfavoriteprojectsisS.It’safreewebsitethathelpspeopledividethingsinawaythatmathematicallyensuresfairness.(他最喜歡的項(xiàng)目之一是S。這是一個免費(fèi)網(wǎng)站，通過數(shù)學(xué)算法幫助人們公平分配物品。)”可知，該網(wǎng)站的主要目的是通過數(shù)學(xué)算法為公平分配問題提供解決方案。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Forthosewhothinkcomputerscienceisonlyaboutcomputers,Procacciahasadifferentview.Hebelievesitisreallyaboutsolvingproblemsinthebestwaypossible.(對于那些認(rèn)為計算機(jī)科學(xué)只與計算機(jī)有關(guān)的人，Procaccia持有不同見解。他認(rèn)為這門學(xué)科的本質(zhì)在于用最優(yōu)方式解決問題。)”和Procaccia所說的話“It’snotjustaboutthemachines;it’saboutusingthemtomakearealdifferenceinpeople’slives.(這不僅僅是關(guān)于機(jī)器本身，而是要通過技術(shù)真正改變?nèi)藗兊纳睢?”可推知，Procaccia認(rèn)為計算機(jī)科學(xué)提供解決問題的最優(yōu)方案，旨在改善人們的日常生活。故選B項(xiàng)。CArecentupdatefromtheU.S.GeologicalSurveyoffersnewinsightsintothechancesofYellowstone’ssupervolcanoerupting.Thisvolcanoisoneoftheworld’slargestactivevolcanoes.WrittenbyMarkStelten,ascientistattheYellowstoneVolcanoObservatory,thepostanalyzes(分析)thevolcano’seruptivehistoryandcurrentactivitytoshowthatthesleepinggiantshould,thankfully,remainasleepforawhilelonger.Steltensaysthatpredicting(預(yù)測)thelikelihoodofaneruptiondependsonknowingtheeruptivehistoryofthevolcanicsystem.Scientistsneedtocountpasteruptionsandwhentheyhappened.Thishelpsthemfigureouteruptionprobabilities.Toexplainthisidea,Steltentakesabaseballforexampleintheupdate:“Imagineyoulivenexttoabaseballfield,andsometimesballslandinyouryard.Toguesswhenthenextballwillcome,youcounthowmanyhavelandedinaperiod(let’ssay,oneyear).Then,youcanestimatethechancesofanotherballarrivingtomorrow,nextweek,ornextmonth.”ApplyingthisapproachtoYellowstone,Steltennotesthatthevolcanohasnoteruptedinthepast70,000years,butwasactivewithrhyolitelavaflowsevery20,000yearsonaveragebetween160,000and70,000yearsago.“Doesthismeanwearenowinthevolcanicoff-season?Ordoesitmeanweare‘due’foraneruption?”Steltenasks.“Therealityisthatwecannotsayforsurebasedonthesemethodsalone.Instead,wemustcombinethesetypesofpredictionswithreal-timemonitoringofthevolcanotoassess(評估)thestateofthevolcanicsystem.Rightnow,thechanceofaneruptionisabout0.001%peryear,andeventhatnumbermightbetoohigh,”Steltenwrites.Therearenowarningsignsofaneruption.However,asSteltennotes,“Oneday—maybeinthousandsofyearsoreventensofthousandsofyears—thiscouldchange.Scientistswillcontinuetowatchforanysigns.”28.WhatdoesthepostfindaboutYellowstone’ssupervolcano?A.Ithasshownwarningsignsoferupting. B.Itistheworld’slargestactivevolcano.C.Itkeepsinactiveintheforeseeablefuture. D.Itwillshapeourviewsonnaturaldisasters.29.WhydidSteltenmentionabaseballintheupdate?A.Tointroduceapopularsportseventtoreaders.B.Tostresstheimportanceofdoingmoreexercise.C.Towarnpeopletostayawayfrombaseballfields.D.Toexplainhowscientistspredictvolcaniceruptions.30.WhatdidSteltenthinkofYellowstone’seruptivehistory?A.Itwillremindresearcherstochangemethods.B.Itplaysapartinassessingthevolcanicsystem.C.Itmeanswearenowinthevolcanicoff-season.D.Ithelpsscientiststounderstandclimatechange.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Asciencereport. B.Atouristattraction.C.Afamousexpert. D.Amathematicalerror.【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.A【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了美國地質(zhì)調(diào)查局關(guān)于黃石超級火山噴發(fā)幾率的最新研究，通過科學(xué)家MarkStelten的分析，解釋了如何根據(jù)火山的噴發(fā)歷史和當(dāng)前活動來預(yù)測其噴發(fā)可能性。【28題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“WrittenbyMarkStelten,ascientistattheYellowstoneVolcanoObservatory,thepostanalyzes(分析)thevolcano’seruptivehistoryandcurrentactivitytoshowthatthesleepinggiantshould,thankfully,remainasleepforawhilelonger.(這篇文章由黃石火山觀測站的科學(xué)家MarkStelten撰寫，分析了火山的噴發(fā)歷史和當(dāng)前的活動，表明這顆沉睡的巨人應(yīng)該多睡一段時間)”可知，黃石超級火山在可預(yù)見的未來保持不活躍狀態(tài)。故選C項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Toexplainthisidea,Steltentakesabaseballforexampleintheupdate:“Imagineyoulivenexttoabaseballfield,andsometimesballslandinyouryard.Toguesswhenthenextballwillcome,youcounthowmanyhavelandedinaperiod(let’ssay,oneyear).Then,youcanestimatethechancesofanotherballarrivingtomorrow,nextweek,ornextmonth.”(為了解釋這個想法，Stelten在更新中以棒球?yàn)槔骸跋胂笠幌拢阕≡诎羟驁雠赃叄袝r球會落在你的院子里。為了猜測下一個球什么時候會來，你可以計算一段時間內(nèi)（比如一年）有多少球落在地上。然后，你可以估計明天、下周或下個月另一個球到達(dá)的機(jī)會。”)”可知，Stelten用棒球場中棒球落入院子的例子，類比科學(xué)家通過統(tǒng)計歷史噴發(fā)次數(shù)和間隔時間預(yù)測火山噴發(fā)概率的方法，可得出Stelten在最新消息中提到棒球是為了解釋科學(xué)家如何預(yù)測火山爆發(fā)。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Steltensaysthatpredicting(預(yù)測)thelikelihoodofaneruptiondependsonknowingtheeruptivehistoryofthevolcanicsystem.(Stelten說，預(yù)測火山爆發(fā)的可能性取決于了解火山系統(tǒng)的噴發(fā)歷史)”和第七段“Instead,wemustcombinethesetypesofpredictionswithreal-timemonitoringofthevolcanotoassess(評估)thestateofthevolcanicsystem.(相反，我們必須將這些類型的預(yù)測（即歷史預(yù)測）與火山的實(shí)時監(jiān)測相結(jié)合，以評估火山系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài))”可知，Stelten認(rèn)為黃石火山噴發(fā)的歷史在評估火山系統(tǒng)方面發(fā)揮了作用。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ArecentupdatefromtheU.S.GeologicalSurveyoffersnewinsightsintothechancesofYellowstone’ssupervolcanoerupting.(美國地質(zhì)調(diào)查局最近的一項(xiàng)更新為黃石超級火山爆發(fā)的可能性提供了新的見解)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文是一篇科學(xué)分析報告。故選A項(xiàng)。DPlantsplayakeyroleincontrollingEarth’sclimate,butnewresearchsuggestsrisingtemperaturesmaybreakthisbalance.Dr.SeanMichaletz,aresearcherattheUniversityofBritishColumbia,studieshowplantsrespondtoheat.Hisfindingschallengealong-heldideaabouthowplantslosewater,leadingtonewwaysofunderstandingclimatechange.Previously,scientiststhoughtplantslostmostoftheirwaterthroughtinypores(氣孔)thatcloseinhightemperaturestosavewater.However,Michaletz’sresearchfindsthatastemperaturesrise,plantslosemorewaterthroughtheircuticle(角質(zhì)層)—whichcannotclose—thanthroughtheirtinypores.Thethinnerthecuticle,thegreaterthewaterloss.Thismeansthatinextremeheat,plantscontinuelosingwaterbutcannottakeincarbondioxide(CO2),reducingtheirroleasacarbonsink.Inextremetemperatures,theycouldevenbecomecarbonsources,worseningclimatechange.Michaletz’sstudiesshowthatphotosynthesis(光合作用)startstobreakdownbetween40℃and51℃.Inthe2021heatwave,temperaturessoaredto49.6℃,pushingplantstotheirlimits.Michaletz’songoingresearchsuggeststhat60℃maybethehighesttemperatureplantscansurvive—beyondthispoint,proteinsbreakdown,leadingtocelldamageanddeath.Onlyafewdesertandtropicalspecieshaveeverbeenobservedsurvivingatsuchextremetemperatures.Scientistsareworkingtofindoutthe“tippingpoint”whereEarth’svegetationgivesoutmoreCO2thanittakesin,whichturnsthemfromacarbonsinkintoacarbonsource.Thistippingpointcouldhappenataround30℃,thoughkeyuncertaintiesremain—especiallyhowmicroclimatesandwateraffectphotosynthesisunderextremeheat.Plantshavesurvivedhotweatherforhundredsofmillionsofyears,butallspeciesfaceupperlimitssetbythelawsofphysics.Whilesomeplantscanbearhighertemperaturesbetterthanothers,scientistsareunsurehowsoontheymightreachtheirbreakingpoint.Basedonrecentmeasurements,wemaybecloserthanwethink.32.Itwaspreviouslybelievedthatplantsinhotweathercould______.A.losewaterthroughtheircuticle B.havesideeffectsontheecosystemC.sendoutmorecarbonthanexpected D.savewaterbyclosingtheirtinypores33.WhatdoesMichaletz’sresearchsuggest?A.Plants’cuticlecouldstopwaterlossintheheat.B.Somedesertplantscanpredictextremeweather.C.Photosynthesisstartstobreakdownataround60℃.D.Risingtemperaturesreduceplants’abilitytotakeinCO2.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“soared”inparagraph4mean?A.Fellsharply. B.Changeddaily. C.Increasedquickly. D.Movedcarefully.35.Whatcanbeinferredaboutglobalwarmingfromthelastparagraph?A.Itislikelytogetworsesoon. B.Itisreachingthebreakingpoint.C.Itisnotasseriousaswethought. D.Itisnotbasedonthelateststudy.【答案】32.D33.D34.C35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)高溫下植物通過角質(zhì)層大量失水且無法吸收二氧化碳，可能從碳匯變?yōu)樘荚矗觿夂蜃兓瑫r科學(xué)家正研究植被的臨界溫度，而當(dāng)前變暖趨勢可能比預(yù)期更快逼近植物生存極限。【32題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Previously,scientiststhoughtplantslostmostoftheirwaterthroughtinypores(氣孔)thatcloseinhightemperaturestosavewater.(以前，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為植物的大部分水分都是通過微小的氣孔流失的，這些氣孔在高溫下閉合以節(jié)省水分)”可知，以前人們認(rèn)為，在炎熱的天氣里，植物可以通過閉合氣孔來節(jié)約水分。故選D項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thismeansthatinextremeheat,plantscontinuelosingwaterbutcannottakeincarbondioxide(CO2),reducingtheirroleasacarbonsink.(這意味著在極端高溫下，植物會持續(xù)失水卻無法吸收二氧化碳(CO?)，從而削弱其作為碳匯的作用)”可知，Michaletz的研究表明，氣溫上升會降低植物吸收二氧化碳的能力。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞的上文“Inthe2021heatwave(在2021年的熱浪中)”和下文“pushingplantstotheirlimits(將植物推向極限)”可推知，熱浪意味著氣溫飆升，從而威脅植物的生存，畫線詞意為“快速上升”。故選C項(xiàng)。【35題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Plantshavesurvivedhotweatherforhundredsofmillionsofyears,butallspeciesfaceupperlimitssetbythelawsofphysics.Whilesomeplantscanbearhighertemperaturesbetterthanothers,scientistsareunsurehowsoontheymightreachtheirbreakingpoint.Basedonrecentmeasurements,wemaybecloserthanwethink.(植物在炎熱的天氣中生存了數(shù)億年，但所有物種都面臨物理定律設(shè)定的上限。雖然有些植物比其他植物更能承受更高的溫度，但科學(xué)家們不確定它們多久能達(dá)到極限。根據(jù)最近的測量，我們可能比我們想象的更接近)”可知，植物有溫度上限，且它們達(dá)到臨界點(diǎn)的時間可能比想象的更接近，這表明全球變暖可能加速惡化。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Aswebecomeincreasinglyawareoftheimpactouractionshaveontheenvironment,moreandmoreofusarelookingforwaystoreduceourcarbonfootprint.Throughoutagiventrip,bothbigandsmalldecisionsyoumakecanaffectalotthetotalamountofgreenhousegasemissions(排放)producedbyyourholiday.___36___?Herearesometipsonenjoyinga“green”holiday.·Keepitlightonluggage(行李).Everysingleextrakiloyoucarryarounddrivesupemissions.___37___.Packing(收拾行李)withpurposecanactivelycutyourcarbonfootprint.Soyoucantravelwithamorethoughtful,lighterbag.It’sasmallchangethatcanmakeabigdifference.·Explorewithcare.___38___.Insteadoffightingtraffic,youmightfindhiddentreasuresbychance,andyou’remorelikelytomeetnewpeople.Thishabitcanconnectyouwiththecityyou’revisitingandhelpyouknowthecitybetter.·___39___.Beabigbelieverinaskingquestions,especiallywhenitcomestoahotel’simpactonpeopleandtheplanet.Askyourhoteltosharehowitsourcesrenewableenergy,saveswater,andmanageswaste.Ifthehotelcan’tshowproofofsimilaraction,keepdigging.Themorewe,astourists,asksimilarquestions,themoretheindustrywillmovetowardresponsiblepractices.·Doyourparttoprotectthelocalcommunity.Volunteerforabeachclean-up,joinareforestationproject,orjustpickuprubbishasyoutravel.Evensuchsmalleffortscanhelpprotectnaturalbeautyforfuturegenerations.___40___.A.Askaboutyourhotel’scarbonfootprintB.WhatdoyouthinkofthebenefitsofthemC.DosomethingbigtomakeothersawareoftheproblemD.SohowcanwemakeadifferencewhenheadingonholidayE.What’smore,itslowsyoudownwhenyouexploreanewcityF.Changingfromtaxistobikesmeansyou’rekindtotheenvironmentG.Youractionsmakeyourtripmeaningfullongafteryou’vegonehome【答案】36.D37.E38.F39.A40.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章分享了實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)保旅行的實(shí)用建議。【36題詳析】前文“Throughoutagiventrip,bothbigandsmalldecisionsyoumakecanaffectalotthetotalamountofgreenhousegasemissions(排放)producedbyyourholiday.(在一次旅行中，你所做的大大小小的決定都會對你假期產(chǎn)生的溫室氣體排放總量產(chǎn)生很大的影響)”提到旅行中的決策會影響碳排放，后文“Herearesometipsonenjoyinga“green”holiday.(這里有一些享受“綠色”假期的建議)”給出具體建議，此處需一個問句引出綠色旅行的主題，因此D項(xiàng)“Sohowcanwemakeadifferencewhenheadingonholiday(那么，我們?nèi)绾卧诙燃贂r做出改變呢)”符合語境，承前啟后。故選D。【37題詳析】前文“Keepitlightonluggage(行李).Everysingleextrakiloyoucarryarounddrivesupemissions.(行李要輕便。你每多帶一公斤就會增加排放)”建議輕裝出行，指出行李過多的一個弊端，因此E項(xiàng)“What’smore,itslowsyoudownwhenyouexploreanewcity(此外，這也會拖慢你探索新城市的腳步)”符合語境，補(bǔ)充說明行李過多的另一弊端，承接前文。故選E。【38題詳析】后文“Insteadoffightingtraffic,youmightfindhiddentreasuresbychance,andyou’remorelikelytomeetnewpeople.(你可能會偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)隱藏的寶藏，而不是與交通擁堵作斗爭，你也更有可能結(jié)識新朋友)”提到避開擁堵交通、偶遇隱藏景點(diǎn)和便于交友三個好處，因此F項(xiàng)“Changingfromtaxistobikesmeansyou’rekindtotheenvironment(從打車改為騎車意味著你對環(huán)境更友好)”符合語境，指出騎車出行更環(huán)保，后一句是騎車出行其他的好處。故選F。【39題詳析】后文“Beabigbelieverinaskingquestions,especiallywhenitcomestoahotel’simpactonpeopleandtheplanet.Askyourhoteltosharehowitsourcesrenewableenergy,saveswater,andmanageswaste.Ifthehotelcan’tshowproofofsimilaraction,keepdigging.(堅持問問題，尤其是當(dāng)酒店對人類和地球的影響時。要求你的酒店分享如何使用可再生能源、節(jié)約用水和管理廢物。如果酒店不能提供類似行為的證據(jù)，那就繼續(xù)調(diào)查)”詳細(xì)說明如何詢問酒店的環(huán)保措施，此處作為段首句，應(yīng)建議了解酒店的環(huán)保情況，因此A項(xiàng)“Askaboutyourhotel’scarbonfootprint(詢問酒店的碳足跡情況)”符合語境，統(tǒng)領(lǐng)段落內(nèi)容。故選A。【40題詳析】前文“Evensuchsmalleffortscanhelpprotectnaturalbeautyforfuturegenerations.(即使是這樣的小努力也可以為子孫后代保護(hù)自然美景)”強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的長期價值，因此G項(xiàng)“Youractionsmakeyourtripmeaningfullongafteryou’vegonehome(你的行動會讓旅行的意義延續(xù)至歸家之后)”符合語境，總結(jié)這種持續(xù)性影響，承接前文。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。VirginiaSquierchaperoned(陪伴)agroupofmiddleschoolstudentsonatourofEngland.She___41___alongherdaughter,Chambers,whowaseightyearsoldatthetime.Thatday,Squier,herdaughterandtheschoolgroupjustgotoffthetrainintheLondonUndergroundandstoodonaplatform(站臺)getting___42___toheadtotheirnextdestination.Itwas5pmandthestationwas___43___.SquiertookholdofChambers’handandbegan___44___herstudents.Justthen,a___45___arrivedattheplatform.“___46___,mydaughterletgoofmyhand,jumpedonthetrain,andthedoorsbeganto___47___,”Squiersaid.“Asthetraingathered___48___,Iranalongsidetryingtoforcethedooropen.Ontheothersideoftheglass,Icouldseemydaughter’s___49___face.”Thelast___50___SquiersawbeforethetrainpulledoutofthestationwasChamberscrying.Behindher,ayoungman___51___fromhisseatandstartedmovingtowardChambers.Shocked,Squier___52___aworkeratthestationforhelp,but