高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省長沙市八校聯考2024-2025學年高一下學期4月期中英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAlthoughbeautifulNewYear’sfireworkslightupskiesaroundtheworld,therearealsomanyunusualbutwonderfulwayspeopleacrosstheworldobservetheNewYear.Roundeverything(Philippines)FilipinoculturecelebratestheNewYearbyservingtwelvedifferentfruits.Apples,melons,oranges,andgrapesarepopularpicks,butanyroundfruitwilldo.Theroundproducestandsforwealthforeachmonthoftheupcomingyear.Localsalsowearclotheswithpolkadots(圓點圖案)onthemandfilltheirpocketswithroundcoins.Throwingpaperoutthewindow(Argentina)ThepiecesofcolouredpaperwillflythroughthestreetsofBuenosAiresaroundlunchtimeonDecember31.ThereasonbehindthecustomisthatArgentinesthrowoutalltheirolddocumentsandpapersbeforethecurtainfallsontheyeartoshowthey’releavingthepastbehind.It’shardlythemostdangerousthingflyingoutofwindowsaroundtheworldonNewYear’s,though—manyotherLatinAmericancountriesarefondofthrowingbucketsofwater,whileSouthAfricansthrowouttheiroldtables,chairs,etc.ontothestreetfromgreatheights.Breakingplatesintopieces(Denmark)IfyouwanttomakeanewDanishfriendfortheNewYear,throwaplateagainsttheirdoor.Thetraditionismeanttobringthehouseownergoodluckfortheyearahead.DanesalsojumpoffchairstoleapintotheNewYear,andstaygluedtotheirTVsforQueenMargrethe’syearlyspeechandascreeningofblack-and-whiteEnglishlanguagecomedyDinnerforOne(knowninDenmarkasThe90thBirthday),whichisalsopopularinGermany.Eatinggrapesfast(Spain)InSpain,with12secondsremaininguntiltheNewYear,peopleeat12greengrapestobringgoodluckinthecomingyear.It’sconsideredtobebadluckifyoucan’teatthemallbythefinalmidnightchime(鐘聲).Eatthemdownintimeand12monthsofgoodluckwillcomeyourway.1.HowdopeopleinPhilippinescelebratetheNewYear?A.Bywearingnewclothesontheeve. B.Bypickinguptwelvedifferentkindsoffruits.C.Bywishingforwealthintheupcomingyear. D.Bygettingclosetosomethinground.2.WhydoArgentinesthrowouttheirolddocumentsandpapersonDecember31?A.Becauseitisnotthemostdangerouscustom.B.Becausethecurtainwillfallonthenewyear.C.Toleavethepastyearandwelcomethenewyear.D.Tobringthehouseownergoodluckfortheyearahead.3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaNewYeartraditioninDenmark?A.Eating12greengrapes. B.Jumpingoffachair.C.ListeningtotheQueen’sNewYearspeech. D.Throwingaplateagainstanewfriend’sdoor.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【語篇解讀】本文為一篇應用文。主要介紹了菲律賓、阿根廷、丹麥和西班牙，這四個國家慶祝新年的一些獨特方式。【1題詳析】細節理解題。根據Roundeverything(Philippines)部分“FilipinoculturecelebratestheNewYearbyservingtwelvedifferentfruits.Apples,melons,oranges,andgrapesarepopularpicks,butanyroundfruitwilldo.Theroundproducestandsforwealthforeachmonthoftheupcomingyear.Localsalsowearclotheswithpolkadots(圓點圖案)onthemandfilltheirpocketswithroundcoins.(菲律賓文化慶祝新年時提供12種不同的水果。蘋果、甜瓜、橙子和葡萄是很受歡迎的水果，但任何圓形水果都可以。圓形的農產品代表著來年每個月的財富。當地人也穿有圓點的衣服，口袋里裝滿圓形的硬幣)”可知，菲律賓人通過靠近圓形的東西來慶祝新年。故選D項。【2題詳析】細節理解題。根據Throwingpaperoutthewindow(Argentina)部分的“ThereasonbehindthecustomisthatArgentinesthrowoutalltheirolddocumentsandpapersbeforethecurtainfallsontheyeartoshowthey’releavingthepastbehind.(這一習俗背后的原因是，阿根廷人在大幕落下之前扔掉所有的舊文件和紙張，以表明他們正在把過去拋在身后)”可知，阿根廷人在12月31日扔掉舊文件時為了離開過去的一年，迎接新的一年。故選C項。【3題詳析】細節理解題。根據Breakingplatesintopieces(Denmark)部分“IfyouwanttomakeanewDanishfriendfortheNewYear,throwaplateagainsttheirdoor.Thetraditionismeanttobringthehouseownergoodluckfortheyearahead.DanesalsojumpoffchairstoleapintotheNewYear,andstaygluedtotheirTVsforQueenMargrethe’syearlyspeechandascreeningofblack-and-whiteEnglishlanguagecomedyDinnerforOne(knowninDenmarkasThe90thBirthday),whichisalsopopularinGermany.(如果你想在新年結交一個新的丹麥朋友，向他們的門扔一個盤子。丹麥人也會從椅子上跳起來迎接新年，守在電視機前觀看瑪格麗特女王的年度演講，以及觀看黑白英語喜劇《一個人的晚餐》(在丹麥被稱為《90歲生日》)，這部電影在德國也很受歡迎)”可知，丹麥人會從椅子上跳起來，聽女王新年演講及向新朋友的門上扔盤子來迎接新年，選項A“吃12個綠葡萄”不屬于丹麥慶祝新年的傳統。故選A項。BWhenworkingasaforeignteacherinChina,ItaughtEnglishtomystudentsandtheytaughtmeaboutChina.Onedaythetopicturnedtosaying“Iloveyou”.Iwasshockedtolearnthatnooneofmystudentshadsaidthistotheirmothers,norhadtheirmotherssaidittothem.“Doesyourmomloveyou?”“Ofcourse,”theyanswered.“Howdoyouknow?”wasmylogicalquestion.Theyansweredthattheirmomscookedandalwaystoldthemwhattheyweredoingwrongtoshowtheirconcern.Iwassurprised.“SoMom’scookingandcriticizingreadoutas‘Iloveyou’?Thenhowdoyousay‘Iloveyou’toher?”Theyagreedthatgettinggoodgradesandfindinggoodjobswouldbehowtheyshowedtheirlove.Icomefromacountrywheremostpeopleareexpressiveenough,soIrepeatedthesequestionsinclassesovertime.Gradually,Ibegantogetdifferentresponses.Someofthemhadexchangedthosefeelingswiththeirmoms.Oneofmyfavoritestoriesofchangecamefromagirl.Whenshecamehomefromuniversity,hermothermetheratthedoorandhugged(擁抱)her.Thishadneverhappenedbefore,buthermomsaid,“Nowthatyouhavegone,Ihavemoretimetomyself.InoticedthatinsomeplacesmothersandchildrenhugeachotherandIdecideditwasagoodideaandthatIwouldbeginhuggingyou.”Inmyfamilyweallsay“Iloveyou”alot.Whileitistruethatweoftensaythewordswithouthavinggreatdepth(深刻)offeelingsatthatmoment,itisalmostlikeablessing(祝福)wegiveeachother.Thosethreelittlewordscarryaworldofmeaning,evenwhensaidasagreeting,butmostespeciallyiftheyarethelastwordswesaytoorhearfromthosewelove.4.Whywastheforeignteachershocked?A.Becausethestudents’momsdon’tlovethematall.B.Becauseallofthestudentsdon’tsay“Iloveyou”totheirmoms.C.Becauseherstudentsdon’tknowthemeaningof“Iloveyou”.D.Becauseneitherherstudentsnortheirmomssay“Iloveyou”toeachother.5.Chinesepeopleprefertoshowloveby________.A.buyinggifts B.doingsomethingmeaningfulC.saying“Iloveyou” D.huggingeachother6.InParagraph4,what’stherealmeaningofthemom’shugging?A.Sheismeetingherdaughteratthedoor. B.Shelovesherdaughterandmissesher.C.Shefindsitinterestingtohugherdaughter. D.Sheisgladthatshehasmoretimetoherself.7.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Say“Iloveyou”alottoChinesepeople. B.Say“Iloveyou”asagreetingtoothers.C.Say“Iloveyou”moretoyourfamily. D.Say“Iloveyou”withoutgreatdepthoffeelings.【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要介紹的是在表達愛意的方式上，不同文化背景下的家庭有著截然不同的習慣與理解。【4題詳析】細節理解題。根據第一段“Onedaythetopicturnedtosaying‘Iloveyou’.Iwasshockedtolearnthatnooneofmystudentshadsaidthistotheirmothers,norhadtheirmotherssaidittothem.(有一天，話題轉到了說‘我愛你’。我很震驚地了解到，我的學生中沒有人對他們的媽媽說過，他們的媽媽也沒有對他們說過)”可知，外教震驚是因為她的學生和學生的媽媽之間都沒有對彼此說過“我愛你”。故選D。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第二段“Theyansweredthattheirmomscookedandalwaystoldthemwhattheyweredoingwrongtoshowtheirconcern.Iwassurprised.“SoMom’scookingandcriticizingreadoutas‘Iloveyou’?Thenhowdoyousay‘Iloveyou’toher?”Theyagreedthatgettinggoodgradesandfindinggoodjobswouldbehowtheyshowedtheirlove.(他們回答說，他們的媽媽做飯，總是告訴他們做錯了什么，以表示他們的關心。我很驚訝。“所以媽媽的烹飪和批評被解讀為‘我愛你’？那你怎么對她說‘我愛你’呢？”他們一致認為，取得好成績，然后找到好工作是他們表達愛的方式)”可推知，中國人喜歡通過做一些有意義的事情來表達愛。故選B。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段“Whenshecamehomefromuniversity,hermothermetheratthedoorandhugged(擁抱)her.Thishadneverhappenedbefore,buthermomsaid,‘Nowthatyouhavegone,Ihavemoretimetomyself.InoticedthatinsomeplacesmothersandchildrenhugeachotherandIdecideditwasagoodideaandthatIwouldbeginhuggingyou.’(當她從大學回家時，她媽媽在門口迎接她并擁抱了她。這種情況以前從未發生過，但她的媽媽說：‘你走了以后，我有更多的時間屬于自己。我注意到有些地方媽媽和孩子會互相擁抱，于是我覺得這是個好主意，我也會開始擁抱你。’)”可知，在第四段中，女兒從大學回到家，媽媽出于想念和愛，擁抱了女兒，所以母親擁抱的真正含義是她愛她的女兒，想念她。故選B。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據最后一段“Inmyfamilyweallsay‘Iloveyou’alot.Whileitistruethatweoftensaythewordswithouthavinggreatdepth(深刻)offeelingsatthatmoment,itisalmostlikeablessing(祝福)wegiveeachother.Thosethreelittlewordscarryaworldofmeaning,evenwhensaidasagreeting,butmostespeciallyiftheyarethelastwordswesaytoorhearfromthosewelove.(在我家，我們都經常說‘我愛你’。雖然我們經常說的話在那一刻沒有很深的感情是事實，這幾乎就像我們給對方的祝福。即使是作為問候，這三個小字也意味深長，尤其是當它們是我們對所愛的人說的最后一句話或聽到的最后一句話時)”結合文章主要說明了作者在中國當外教時發現，中國父母和孩子不經常用語言表達對彼此的愛，而是通過做一些有意義的事情來表達，作者建議多和家人用語言表達愛意。可知，這篇文章的主旨是對家人多說“我愛你”。故選C。CInaworldfeaturingendlesschoices,thesearchforsimplicityhasbecomemorethanjustadesire—it’sanecessity.ThebookYesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNoexploresthephilosophyofsimplicityanddecision-making.WrittenbyBruceMullen,thisbookgoesbeyondself-helpclichés(陳詞濫調)andoffersagenuine,actionableapproachtoguidinglife’schoices.Thebookrecognizesdecision-makingasthecentreofhumanexistenceandinvitesreaderstoadmiteachdecisioncarriesaweight.“YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo”sumsupasignifcan’trule—adefinite“Yes”andaclear“No.”Itencouragesreaderstofocusonthe“Yes”andstopreadersfromputtingtheireffortintouncertainthings.Anotherrulestressedinthebookissimplicityindecision-making.Byadoptingsimplicity,decision-makersaimtogetthekeyinformation,focusonthemostrelatedfactors,andavoidunnecessaryaspects,enablingquickerjudgmentsandswifterconclusions.Thebookisapracticalguidetostrengthendecision-makingskills.Theauthordoesn’tmerelyexpressthephilosophybutequipsreaderswiththetoolstheyneedtoapplyeffectively.Fromtechniquestogivepreferencetotaskstomethodsforavoidingdistractions(分心),thebookoffersskillsforsimplifyingthedecision-makingprocess.Throughpersonalexperiences,Mullendeterminedthepowerofsimplification,guidingpeopletomakedecisionsaccordingtoone’sownvaluesanddesires.Beyondindividualcontext,thisbookalsoinfluencesbusinessstrategies,relationshipdynamics,andsocialconsiderations.Mullennotonlyexplorestheessenceof“yesmeansyes”butstressesthesignificanceofmakingcleardecisionsatacrossroads.“YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo”ismorethanabook;it’saphilosophythatcanchangehowweapproachdecisions.Forthoseseekingtoguidelifewithclarityandpurpose,thisbookisaguidinglightinthefogofindecision.8.Whatarethereadersencouragedtodoaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Concentrateonrelatedthings. B.Sumupasimplejudgement.C.Solveuncertainmatters. D.Makedecisionsindependently.9.Whyisthebookapracticalguidetoreaders?A.Toequipreaderswithdecision-makingskills. B.Tohelpreadersexpresstheirphilosophy.C.Toimprovereaders’criticalthinkingways. D.Toprovidereaderswithlifetechniques.10.Whatisparagraph4ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Applicationofsimplicity. B.Rulesofmakingdecisions.C.Impactsofdecision-making. D.Benefitsofstressingsimplicity.11.Whatisthearticleaimedat?A.Sharinganapproachofdecision-making. B.Recommendingabook.C.Describingasimplelifestyle. D.Solvingphilosophicalproblems.【答案】8.A9.A10.D11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo這本可以增強讀者決策力的書。【8題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第二段后兩句“Anotherrulestressedinthebookissimplicityindecision-making.Byadoptingsimplicity,decision-makersaimtogetthekeyinformation,focusonthemostrelatedfactors,andavoidunnecessaryaspects,enablingquickerjudgmentsandswifterconclusions.(書中強調的另一條規則是決策的簡單性。通過采用簡化，決策者獲取關鍵信息，關注最相關的因素，避免不必要的方面，從而更快地判斷和更快地得出結論。)”可知，這本書建議讀者專注于相關的事情。故選A項。【9題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第三段“Thebookisapracticalguidetoenhancedecision-makingskills.Theauthordoesn’tmerelyexpressthephilosophybutequipsreaderswiththetoolstheyneedtoapplyeffectively.Fromtechniquestogivepreferencetotaskstomethodsforavoidingdistractions(分心),thebookoffersskillsforsimplifyingthedecision-makingprocess.(這本書是提高決策能力的實用指南。作者不僅表達了哲學，還為讀者提供了有效應用所需要的工具。從優先處理任務的技巧到避免分心的方法，這本書提供了簡化決策過程的技巧。)”可知，這本書提供了使讀者具備決策能力的有效工具，所以是讀者的實用指南。故選A項。【10題詳析】主旨大意題。根據第四段“Throughpersonalexperiences,Mullendeterminedthepowerofsimplification,guidingpeopletomakedecisionsaccordingtoone’sownvaluesanddesires.Beyondindividualcontext,thisbookalsoinfluencesbusinessstrategies,relationshipdynamics,andsocialconsiderations.Mullennotonlyexplorestheessenceof“yesmeansyes”butstressesthesignificanceofmakingcleardecisionsatacrossroads.(通過個人經歷，馬倫確定了簡化的力量，引導人們根據自己的價值觀和欲望做出決定。除了個人背景，這本書也影響商業戰略，關系動態，和社會的考慮。馬倫不僅探討了“是就是是”的本質，還強調了在十字路口做出明確決定的重要性。)”可知，本段主要陳述了強調簡化的好處。故選D項。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章最后一段““YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo”ismorethanabook;it’saphilosophythatcanchangehowweapproachdecisions.Forthoseseekingtoguidelifewithclarityandpurpose,thisbookisaguidinglightinthefogofindecision.(YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo不僅僅是一本書；這是一種可以改變我們做決定方式的哲學。對于那些尋求用清晰和目標來引導生活的人來說，這本書是在迷茫中指引方向的明燈。)”可知，這篇文章的目的是推薦這本書。故選B項。DAredbustookvisitorsalongthestreetsofNewYorkCity’sRooseveltIsland.Butthiswasn’tatypicalsightseeingtour.Passengersallworevirtualrealityheadsets(虛擬現實頭戴設備)foraneye-openingexperience.Thisexperiencewasdesignedtoengage(使參與)visitorsincreativewaysthroughanewsystemcalledCXR.Passengersweretransportedintoaplacewherevirtualandrealenvironmentsmet.Theretheyexperiencednineshockingscenesshowingtheinfluenceofclimatechange,especiallyrisingfloodwaters.Scientificmodelssuggestthata100-yearfloodcouldcovermostofRooseveltIsland.Despitethewarning,researchshowsthatsuchadisasterdoesn’tfeelrealtomanyinthepublic.ThisdiscrepancyisexactlywhattheCXRsystemaimstodealwith.Thetechnologyhelpspeopleunderstandseriouschallengeslikeclimatechange.Theparticipantscanexperienceasharedrealitywhiletravelingthroughtheirenvironment.AndtheCXRsystemprovedtodomorethanjusteducatepeopleaboutdisasterrisks.Afterseeingthemostseriousfloodingevents,participantsreportedstrongemotionalresponses.Manyexpressedincreasedconcernaboutclimatechangeandadesiretodosomething.Oneparticipantwasevenmovedtotearsuponseeingafloodreachthestepsofherschool.“Thesetypesofreactionswerenotsurprising,”saidWendyJu,whoseresearchgroupcreatedCXR.“Wedidfindthatpeoplegotworried,butwealsonotedthattheworryseemedtoinspirepeopletotakemeasures.It’sagoodresultfromourviewpoint.”TheCXRsystemhasmanypossibleapplicationsbeyonditsoriginalplan.Itcanplayanimportantroleincityplanningbyengagingcommunitiesindiscussionsaboutnewdevelopments.Byprovidingaclearandrealisticpresentationofsuggestedchanges,ithelpstoreducemisunderstandings.Thisencouragespeopletoactivelyexpresstheiropinionsaboutapproachestofutureplanning.“Immersive(沉浸式的)technologiescanbringfuturechallengesintofocus,”Jusaid.“Theyareimportantforbuildingthesocialwilltoprepareforwhatliesahead.”12.WhatistheoriginalfunctionoftheCXRsystem?A.Toencouragepublictransportationuse. B.Toincreasetheenjoymentoftours.C.Toteachfloodpreventionmeasures. D.Toraiseawarenessofclimateissues.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discrepancy”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Goal. B.Request. C.Difference. D.Method.14.WhichcanbestdescribetheexperiencewiththeCXRsystem?A.Adventurousandjoyful. B.Educationalandinspiring.C.Confusingandstressful. D.Realisticandrelaxing.15.HowcantheCXRsystemgenerallybenefitcityplanning?A.Bydrivingcooperativeproblem-solving. B.Bystressingtheneedforgreenspaces.C.Byfocusingonshort-termsolutions. D.Byreducingoverallplanningcosts.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。介紹了名為CXR的新系統的使用場景、設計目的以及作用。【12題詳析】細節理解題。根據第一段“Passengersweretransportedintoaplacewherevirtualandrealenvironmentsmet.Theretheyexperiencednineshockingscenesshowingtheinfluenceofclimatechange,especiallyrisingfloodwaters.(乘客被運送到一個虛擬和真實環境相遇的地方。在那里，他們經歷了9個令人震驚的場景，展示了氣候變化的影響，尤其是不斷上漲的洪水)”以及第三段“Thetechnologyhelpspeopleunderstandseriouschallengeslikeclimatechange.(這項技術幫助人們了解氣候變化等嚴峻挑戰)”可知，CXR系統的主要功能是提高對氣候問題的認識。故選D項。【13題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞前文“Scientificmodelssuggestthata100-yearfloodcouldcovermostofRooseveltIsland.Despitethewarning,researchshowsthatsuchadisasterdoesn’tfeelrealtomanyinthepublic.(科學模型表明，百年一遇的洪水可能會覆蓋羅斯福島的大部分地區。盡管有這樣的警告，但研究表明，對公眾來說，這樣的災難并不真實)”可知，科學模型和公眾認知存在差異，是CXR系統要解決的問題，推知discrepancy應是“差異”之意，和D項意思相近。故選C項。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第三段“AndtheCXRsystemprovedtodomorethanjusteducatepeopleaboutdisasterrisks.(事實證明，CXR系統所做的不僅僅是教育人們了解災害風險)”和第四段“Wedidfindthatpeoplegotworried,butwealsonotedthattheworryseemedtoinspirepeopletotakemeasures.It’sagoodresultfromourviewpoint.(我們確實發現人們感到擔憂，但我們也注意到，這種擔憂似乎激勵人們采取措施。在我們看來，這是一個很好的結果)”可知，CXR系統的體驗是有教育意義和鼓舞人心的。故選B項。【15題詳析】細節理解題。根據最后一段“Itcanplayanimportantroleincityplanningbyengagingcommunitiesindiscussionsaboutnewdevelopments.Byprovidingaclearandrealisticpresentationofsuggestedchanges,ithelpstoreducemisunderstandings.Thisencouragespeopletoactivelyexpresstheiropinionsaboutapproachestofutureplanning.(它可以通過讓社區參與討論新的發展，在城市規劃中發揮重要作用。通過對建議的更改提供清晰和現實的展示，它有助于減少誤解。這鼓勵人們積極表達他們對未來規劃方法的意見)”可知，CXR系統通過推動合作解決問題，有益于城市規劃，故選A項。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whetheryou’reanexperienceddoghandleroralittlecarefulaboutdogs,itcanbedifficulttoreadadog’scomplexlanguage.Howdoyouknowifthedogwantstogreetyouortellyoutobackoff?____16____Acontentandrelaxeddogwillhaveitsearsup(notforward)andheadhigh._____17_____Yourrelaxeddog’smouthopensslightlywithtongueexposed.Ifyouarestillunsureofwhethertoapproach,goslowlyandmakenosuddenmoves.Don’tmaketoomucheyecontactandslowlyextendthebackofyourhandforthedogtosniff(嗅)firstbeforepatting.Afterthiswelcomeinteraction,dogsmayraisetheirtailsandlowerfrontpaws(爪子).____18____Thispositionwillbeheldbrieflybeforetheyrushoffinrandomdirectionstogetyoutochaseandtoplaywiththem.Theystickouttheirtongues.Theirearswillbeup.Thisisyourchancetohavearunwithyourpartner.____19____Theyshowmoreteeth,barkmoreloudlyandhidethetailsbetweentheirlegs.Theyarereadytoattackwhenannoyed.Becarefuloftheseunusualgestures.Thesesignalsareexpressedastheydirectlyfacetheirsourceof“threat”.Adogthatisundersocialorenvironmentalstresswillpaceaboutwiththetaildown,thebodyloweredandearsback.Itsbreathwillalsoberapidwitheyesexpanded.____20____Inthiscase,trytoworkoutthesourceofitsstress.Ifyoucan’tchangethatrightaway,acalmingmassage(按摩)willhelp.A.Althoughahappydogwillhaveitstailhigh,arelaxeddog’stailwillbehanging.B.Thefollowingisahandydogbodylanguageguide.C.Anditmayleavesweatmarksfromitsfeet.D.Themoodscanbejudgedfromtheirtails.E.Thismeansitisplaytime!F.Keepyourvoicelowandcalm.G.Sometimesdogsbehaveinanangryandviolentway.【答案】16.B17.A18.E19.G20.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就狗的一些肢體語言所代表的含義進行了說明。【16題詳析】根據上文“Whetheryou’reanexperienceddoghandleroralittlecarefulaboutdogs,itcanbedifficulttoreadadog’scomplexlanguage.Howdoyouknowifthedogwantstogreetyouortellyoutobackoff?(無論你是經驗豐富的訓狗員還是對狗有點小心的人，都很難讀懂狗的復雜語言。你怎么知道狗狗是想和你打招呼還是讓你走開？)”可知，本句承上啟下，啟示后文列舉了一些狗的肢體語言所代表的含義。故B選項“下面是一個方便的狗的肢體語言指南”符合語境，故選B。【17題詳析】根據上文“Acontentandrelaxeddogwillhaveitsearsup(notforward)andheadhigh.(一只滿足和放松的狗會豎起耳朵（而不是向前），把頭抬高)”以及后文“Yourrelaxeddog’smouthopensslightlywithtongueexposed.Ifyouarestillunsureofwhethertoapproach,goslowlyandmakenosuddenmoves.Don’tmaketoomucheyecontactandslowlyextendthebackofyourhandforthedogtosniff(嗅)firstbeforepatting.(你放松的狗的嘴微微張開，舌頭露出來。如果你仍然不確定是否要接近，慢慢走，不要突然行動。不要有太多的眼神接觸，在拍狗之前，慢慢地伸出手背讓它嗅一嗅。)”可知，本段主要說明了放松和滿足的狗的肢體語言，A選項中relaxed對應上文relaxed。故A選項“雖然一只快樂的狗會把尾巴翹起來，但一只放松的狗會把尾巴垂下來。”符合語境，故選A。【18題詳析】根據上文“Afterthiswelcomeinteraction,dogsmayraisetheirtailsandlowerfrontpaws(爪子).(在這種受歡迎的互動之后，狗可能會抬起尾巴，放下前爪。)”可知，本句承接上文，說明狗抬起尾巴，放下前爪代表的含義。故E選項“這意味著是玩耍時間！”符合語境，故選E。【19題詳析】根據后文“Theyshowmoreteeth,barkmoreloudlyandhidethetailsbetweentheirlegs.Theyarereadytoattackwhenannoyed.Becarefuloftheseunusualgestures.Thesesignalsareexpressedastheydirectlyfacetheirsourceof“threat”.(它們露出更多的牙齒，更大聲地吠叫，把尾巴藏在雙腿之間。他們被激怒時隨時準備攻擊。小心這些不尋常的姿勢。這些信號是在他們直接面對“威脅”來源時表達出來的。)”可知，本段主要說明了狗一些憤怒的行為和肢體語言信號。故G選項“有時狗會表現出憤怒和暴力的行為。”符合語境，故選G。【20題詳析】根據上文“Adogthatisundersocialorenvironmentalstresswillpaceaboutwiththetaildown,thebodyloweredandearsback.Itsbreathwillalsoberapidwitheyesexpanded.(一只處于社會或環境壓力下的狗會垂著尾巴，低著身子，耳朵后仰。它的呼吸也會很快，眼睛也會睜大。)”可知，本句承接上文，說明狗緊張的時候的一些表現。故C選項“它可能會在腳上留下汗印。”符合語境，故選C。第三部分：語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節：（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Theearthquakewasoverandthecitywasinruins.Ihadnochoicebuttowalkhomeasallthe___21___hadstoppedasaresultofthequake.OnmywayhomeI___22___anoldladyatabakery(烘焙店)givingoutfreebread,whichmademyheart___23___.Amanwasholdingasignsaying,“pleaseuseour___24___.”Hewasopeninghishouseforpeopletogotothetoilet.ThenthenextdayIdrovetohavemycar___25___.Therewasnotenough___26___nowandmanygasstationswereeitherclosedorhadvery___27___lines.Igotworried,sinceIwasbehindfifteencars.Finally,whenmy___28___came,themansmiledandsaid.“Becauseofthissituation,weareonlygiving$30worthofgasperperson.Isthatallright?”“Ofcourse.It’snicethatweareallableto___29___,”Isaid.Hissmilegavemesomuchcomfort.AtthesheltercenterIsawaman___30___whenpeoplebroughtfoodtohim.Itwasthefirsttimeinthreedaysthatfoodhadbeen___31___there.However,afterhedriedthetears,hisnext___32___surprisedme.“Iamvery___33___thatweareprovidedwithfood.Butpeopleinthecitynexttoushaven’t___34___anyfoodatall.Pleasegotothatcenteraswell.”Hearingthat,Irealizedtherewasabrightfutureontheothersideofthis___35___.21.A.lift B.traffic C.donation D.business22.A.crashed B.saw C.rescued D.caught23.A.scared B.broken C.empty D.warm24.A.kitchen B.bedroom C.livingroom D.bathroom25.A.filledup B.clearedup C.cleanedup D.builtup26.A.food B.oxygen C.gas D.water27.A.odd B.sharp C.long D.short28.A.turn B.time C.order D.determination29.A.choose B.offer C.profit D.share30.A.eating B.crying C.erupting D.singing31.A.left B.stored C.brought D.kept32.A.words B.roles C.behaviors D.promises33.A.shocked B.curious C.confused D.grateful34.A.cooked B.received C.prepared D.exported35.A.city B.damage C.disaster D.center【答案】21.B22.B23.D24.D25.A26.C27.C28.A29.D30.B31.C32.A33.D34.B35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了地震后，作者在城市遇到的暖心的人和事。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于地震，所有的交通都停止了，我別無選擇，只能步行回家。A.lift提升，搭便車；B.traffic交通；C.donation捐贈；D.business生意。根據“Ihadnochoicebuttowalkhome”可知，作者只能步行回家，推知所有的交通方式因地震都停止了，故選B。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我回家的路上，我看到一個老太太在面包店分發免費的面包，這使我的心溫暖。A.crashed碰撞；B.saw看見；C.rescued減少；D.caught抓住。根據下文“anoldladyatabakery(烘焙店)givingoutfreebread”描述老人的行為可知，這是作者看到的，故選B。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.scared害怕的；B.broken心碎的；C.empty空的；D.warm溫暖的。根據上文“anoldladyatabakery(烘焙店)givingoutfreebread”可知，老人的善行應是讓作者感到溫暖，故選D。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一名男子舉著一塊牌子，上面寫著：“請使用我們的衛生間。”A.kitchen廚房；B.bedroom臥室；C.livingroom客廳；D.bathroom衛生間。根據下文“Hewasopeninghishouseforpeopletogotothetoilet.(他打開房門讓人們上廁所)”可知，他讓人們免費使用衛生間，故選D。【25題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：第二天我開車去給車加滿油。A.filledup（使）填滿，裝滿；B.clearedup使整潔，清理；C.cleanedup打掃干凈；D.builtup逐漸增強。根據下文“gasstations”以及“weareonlygiving$30worthofgasperperson(我們只給每人30美元的汽油)”可知，作者開車去加油，故選A。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現在汽油不夠了，許多加油站不是關門了就是排了很長的隊。A.food食物；B.oxygen氧氣；C.gas汽油；D.water水。下文“manygasstationswereeitherclosed”提到很多加油站關閉了，推知沒有足夠的汽油，故選C。【27題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.odd古怪的；B.sharp尖銳的；C.long長的；D.short短的。根據上文提到沒有足夠的汽油以及下文“sinceIwasbehindfifteencars(因為我跟在15輛車后面)”可知，加油要排很長的隊，故選C。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后輪到我的時候，那人笑著說，“由于這種情況，我們只給每人30美元的汽油。這樣行嗎？”A.turn（依次輪到的）機會；B.time時間；C.order命令，訂單；D.determination決心。根據下文“weareonlygiving$30worthofgasperperson.Isthatallright?”可知，輪到作者加油了，故選A。【29題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“當然可以。很高興我們都能分享。”我說。A.choose選擇；B.offer提供；C.profit獲益；D.share分享，共享。根據上文提到汽油短缺以及“Becauseofthissituation,weareonlygiving$30worthofgasperperson.”可知，在汽油短缺的情況下每人只能加30美元的汽油，所以是大家共享有限的汽油，故選D。【30題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在收容中心，我看到一個男人在人們給他送食物時哭了。A.eating吃；B.crying哭；C.erupting爆發；D.singing唱歌。根據下文“afterhedriedthetears”可知，一個男人在人們給他送食物時哭了，故選B。【31題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這是三天來第一次有人把食物送到那里。A.left離開；B.stored儲存；C.brought帶來；D.kept保持。根據上文“whenpeoplebroughtfoodtohim”和語境可知，此處指把食物帶到那里，故選C。【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在他擦干眼淚之后，他接下來的話讓我很驚訝。A.words話語；B.roles角色；C.behaviors行為；D.promises承諾。根據下文“Iamvery______thatweareprovidedwithfood.”可知，接下來他說的話讓作者感到驚訝，故選A。【33題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很感激我們得到了食物。A.shocked震驚的；B.curious好奇的；C.confused困惑的；D.grateful感激的。根據下文“weareprovidedwithfood”可知，地震后得到食物應是心存感激，故選D。【34題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我們隔壁城市的人們根本沒有得到任何食物。A.cooked烹飪；B.received收到，拿到；C.prepared準備；D.exported出口。根據上文“weareprovidedwithfood”和本句中表示轉折的“But”可知，這里的人拿到了食物，但是隔壁城市的人們根本沒有得到任何食物，故選B。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：聽到這些，我意識到在這個城市的另一方面有一個光明的未來。A.city城市；B.damage破壞；C.disaster災難；D.center中心。根據上文“thecitynexttous”以及“Pleasegotothatcenteraswell.”可知，老人讓大家把食物帶給隔壁城市的人，故此處指“這個城市的另一方面有一個光明的未來”，故選A。第二節：（10個小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。TheDoubleNinthFestival(theChongyangFestival),whichhasahistoryofover2,000years,falls____36____theninthdayoftheninthmonthintheChineselunarcalendar.Accordingtotradition,weshouldcelebratethefestivalbygoingmountainclimbing,buthowmanypeopletodaystillobservethistradition?Inmodernsociety,____37____manytraditionalChinesefestivalsarebecominglessandlesspopular,theyareanimportantpartofChineseculture,andwemustprotectandma