20222023學(xué)年高一下期中必考題型精準(zhǔn)練專題0專題04：閱讀理解A篇記敘文類（8套）+句子翻譯（5套）閱讀理解第一套（2022春·高一上海南匯中學(xué)?？计谥校㊣’veworkedinthefactoriessurroundingmyhometowneverysummersinceIgraduatedfromhighschool,butmakingthetransitionbetweenschoolandfulltimebluecollarworkduringthebreaknevergetsanyeasier.Forastudentlikemewhoconsidersanyclassbeforenoontobeuncivilized,gettingtoafactoryby6o'clockeachmorningistorture.MyfriendsneverseemtounderstandwhyI’msorelievedtobebackatschoolorthatmysummervacationhasbeenanythingbutavacation.There’refewpeopleasselfconfidentasacollegestudentwhohadneverbeenoutintherealworld.Peoplemyagealwaysseemtooverestimatethevalueoftheirtimeandknowledge.Infact,alltheclassesdidnotpreparemeformybattleswiththemachineIranintheplant,whichwouldjamwheneverIabsentmindedlyputinapartbackwardorupsidedown.Themoststressfulthingaboutbluecollarlifeisknowingyourjobcoulddisappearovernight.IssueslikedownsizingandoverseasrelocationhadalwaysseemeddistanttomeuntilmycoworkerstoldmethattheunitIwasworkinginwouldshutdownwithinsixmonthsandmovetoMexico,wherepeoplewouldworkfor60centsanhour.Afterworking12hourshiftsinafactory,theotheropinionshavebeeonlytooclear.WhenI’mbackattheuniversity,skippingclassesandturninginlazyrewritesseemstooirresponsibleafterseeingwhatIwouldbedoingwithoutschool.Alltheadviceandpublicserviceannouncementsaboutthevalueofaneducationthatusedtosoundstalenowringtrue.TheselessonsI’mlearning,howevervaluable,arealwaystingedwithasenseofguilt.ManypeoplepasstheirlivesintheplacesIbrieflywork,spending30yearswhereIspendonlytwomonthsatatime.“Thisjobpayswell,butit’shellonthebody,”saidonecoworker.“Studyhardandkeepreading,”sheadded.MyexperiencesinthefactorieshasinspiredmetomakethemostofmycollegeyearsbeforeIentertherealworldforgood.1．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhissummerdayswhileatcollege?A．Theybroughthimnothingbuttorture.B．Theywerenoholidayforhimatall.C．Theywerearelieffromhishardworkatschool.D．Theyofferedhimachancetoknowmorepeople.2．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutcollegestudents?A．Theyexpecttoomuchfromtherealworld. B．Theyhavelittleinterestinbluecollarlife.C．Theyhaveafeelingoftrustinthemselves. D．Theyarenotconfidentoftheirfuture.3．Inwhatimportantwayhastheauthor’sworkexperiencechangedhim?A．Helearnedtobemorepractical. B．Heacquiredasenseofurgency.C．Hecametorespectbluecollarworkers. D．Hecametoappreciatehiscollegeeducation.4．Whydoestheauthorfeelsomewhatguilty?A．Herealizesthereisagreatdividebetweenhislifeandthatofbluecollarworkers.B．Helooksdownuponthemechanicalworkattheassemblyline.C．Hehasnotdonemuchtohelphiscoworkersatthefactory.D．Hehasstayedatschooljustforthepurposeofescapingfromtherealworld.【答案】1．B

2．C

3．D

4．A【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過介紹假期打工的經(jīng)歷，談?wù)摿舜蚬さ慕?jīng)歷使他更加珍惜大學(xué)的時(shí)光，開始理解大學(xué)教育的意義。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“MyfriendsneverseemtounderstandwhyI’msorelievedtobebackatschoolorthatmysummervacationhasbeenanythingbutavacation.(我的朋友們似乎從來不明白為什么我回到學(xué)校會(huì)如此欣慰，或者為什么我的暑假根本不是一個(gè)假期)”可知，作者認(rèn)為他大學(xué)時(shí)的暑假根本不是假期。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“There’refewpeopleasselfconfidentasacollegestudentwhohasneverbeenoutintherealworld.Peoplemyagealwaysseemtooverestimatethevalueoftheirtimeandknowledge.(很少有人像大學(xué)生那樣自信，但他們從來沒有接觸過現(xiàn)實(shí)世界。我這個(gè)年紀(jì)的人似乎總是高估自己時(shí)間和知識(shí)的價(jià)值)”可知，作者認(rèn)為大學(xué)生非常自信。故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“WhenI’mbackattheuniversity,skippingclassesandturninginlazyrewritesseemstooirresponsibleafterseeingwhatIwouldbedoingwithoutschool.Alltheadviceandpublicserviceannouncementsaboutthevalueofaneducationthatusedtosoundstalenowringtrue.(在看到了不上學(xué)會(huì)做什么之后，當(dāng)我再次回到大學(xué)，逃課和偷懶重寫的行為就似乎太不負(fù)責(zé)任了。所有關(guān)于教育價(jià)值的建議和公共服務(wù)公告，過去聽起來很陳舊，但現(xiàn)在聽起來很真實(shí))”以及最后一段“MyexperiencesinthefactorieshaveinspiredmetomakethemostofmycollegeyearsbeforeIentertherealworldforgood.(我在工廠的經(jīng)歷激勵(lì)著我，在我進(jìn)入真正的世界之前，我要充分利用我的大學(xué)時(shí)光)”可知，作者的打工經(jīng)歷使他開始理解大學(xué)教育的意義，從而改變了他。故選D。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“TheselessonsI’mlearning,howeverprecious,arealwaystinged(帶有)withasenseofguilt.ManypeoplepasstheirlivesintheplacesIbrieflywork,spending30yearswhereIspendonlytwomonthsatatime.(雖然這些教訓(xùn)很寶貴，但我總是感到內(nèi)疚。很多人都在我短暫工作過的地方度過一生，在我只呆了一次且只有兩個(gè)月的地方度過30年)”和同事所說“Thisjobpayswell,butit’shellonthebody,(這份工作薪水不錯(cuò)，但卻很累人)”可推斷，作者感到內(nèi)疚是因?yàn)樗庾R(shí)到他的生活和藍(lán)領(lǐng)工人的生活有很大的差距。故選A。第二套（2022秋·上?！じ咭黄邔氈袑W(xué)期中）Anelderlycarpenterwasreadytoretire.Hetoldhisemployerofhisplanstoleavethehousebuildingbusinessandliveamoreleisurelylifewithhiswifeenjoyinghisextendedfamily.Hewouldmissthepaycheck,butheneededtoretire.Theycouldgetby.Theemployerwassorrytoseehisgoodworkergoandaskedifhecouldbuildjustonemorehouseasapersonalfavor.Thecarpentersaidyes,butintimeitwaseasytoseethathisheartwasnotinhiswork.Heresortedtoinferiorworkmanshipandusedcheapmaterials.Itwasanunfortunatewaytoendhiscareer.Whenthecarpenterfinishedhiswork,theemployercametoinspectthehouseandhandedthefrontdoorkeytothecarpenter."Thisisyourhouse,"hesaid,"mygifttoyou."Whatashock!Whatashame!Ifhehadonlyknownhewasbuildinghisownhouse,hewouldhavedoneitallsodifferently.Nowhehadtoliveinthehomehehadbuiltnonetoowell.Soitiswithus.Atimportantpointswedonotgivethejobourbesteffort.Thenwithashockwelookatthesituationwehavecreatedandfindthatwearenowlivinginthehousewehavebuilt.Ifwehadrealized,wewouldhavedoneitdifferently.Thinkofyourselfasthecarpenter.Thinkaboutyourhouse.Eachdayyouhammeranail,placeaboard,orerectawall.Buildwisely.Itistheonlylifeyouwilleverbuild.Evenifyouliveitforonlyonedaymore,thatdaydeservestobelivedwithdignity.5．Whydidthecarpenterdecidetoretireaccordingtothepassage?A．Hedidn'tgethispaycheckfromhisbossontime.B．Theemployerwasnotsatisfiedwithhiswork.C．Heplannedtostarthisownhousebuildingbusiness.D．Hewantedtospendmoretimewithhisfamily.6．Thelasthousebuiltbythecarpenterwas________.A．betterthanhisexpectation B．farfromsatisfactoryC．a(chǎn)gifttotheemployer D．builtwithheartandsoul7．Fromthetextwecaninferthatthecarpenterwasvery________whentheemployergavehimthekey.A．grateful B．disappointedC．cheerful D．regretful8．Whichofthefollowingcanbetssummarizethemainideaofthepassage?A．Don'tcryoverspiltmilk. B．Opportunityonlyknocksonce.C．Lifeiswhatyoumakeit. D．Honestyisthebestpolicy.【答案】5．D

6．B

7．D

8．C【分析】本文為一篇夾敘夾議文。一名木匠在退休之前被要求再建一套房子，他不認(rèn)真對(duì)待，粗制濫造，在得知這套房子就是雇主送給他的房子之后后悔不已。本文通過這個(gè)故事告訴我們，生活是自己創(chuàng)造的，我們?cè)谌魏螘r(shí)候都要盡自己最大的努力?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段關(guān)鍵句“Hetoldhisemployerofhisplanstoleavethehousebuildingbusinessandliveamoreleisurelylifewithhiswifeenjoyinghisextendedfamily.”（他告訴老板他打算離開建筑行業(yè)，與老伴兒孫團(tuán)聚，過一種更悠閑的生活。）可知，木匠決定退休是因?yàn)樗胍嗯惆榧胰恕９蔬xD項(xiàng)。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段關(guān)鍵句“Thecarpentersaidyes,butintimeitwaseasytoseethathisheartwasnotinhiswork.Heresortedtoinferiorworkmanshipandusedcheapmaterials.”（木匠答應(yīng)了，但是很明顯，他的心已經(jīng)不在工作上了。他采用劣質(zhì)的工藝和廉價(jià)的材料。）可知，木匠最后建的房子遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能令人滿意。故選B項(xiàng)。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段關(guān)鍵句“Whatashock!Whatashame!Ifhehadonlyknownhewasbuildinghisownhouse,hewouldhavedoneitallsodifferently.Nowhehadtoliveinthehomehehadbuiltnonetoowell.”（震驚了！真遺憾！如果他早知道他是在蓋自己的房子，他會(huì)做得完全不同?，F(xiàn)在他不得不住在自己建造的那所粗劣不堪的房子里。）可以推測(cè)，當(dāng)?shù)弥椭鹘o他這套房子的鑰匙時(shí)，他應(yīng)該是懊悔的。故選D項(xiàng)。4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Atimportantpointswedonotgivethejobourbesteffort.Thenwithashockwelookatthesituationwehavecreatedandfindthatwearenowlivinginthehousewehavebuilt.Ifwehadrealized,wewouldhavedoneitdifferently.”（在重要的時(shí)刻，我們沒有盡最大的努力。驀然回首，我們愕然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正住在自己建造的那所房子里。如果我們意識(shí)到了，我們就會(huì)采取不同的做法。）并結(jié)合最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Thinkaboutyourhouse.Eachdayyouhammeranail,placeaboard,orerectawall.Buildwisely.Itistheonlylifeyouwilleverbuild.”（想想你的房子。每天你都要釘釘、鋪板、砌墻。明智地構(gòu)建。這是你唯一能建造的生活。）可知，本文想要告訴我們，我們的生活是我們自己創(chuàng)造的，因此，要在任何時(shí)候都要盡自己最大的努力。C選項(xiàng)“Lifeiswhatyoumakeit.”（生活是你自己創(chuàng)造的。）符合文章主旨。故選C項(xiàng)。第三套（2022·上海·高一上海交大附中?？计谥校㏑ecentlyIattendedseveralmeetingswherewetalkedaboutwaystoattractstudentsandkeepyoungerfacultymembersfromgoingelsewhere.Itseemshighereducationhasbeeanindustryofmeetingholderswhosetaskisto“solve”problems—realorimagined.Andinmypositionasaprofessoratthreedifferentcolleges,theactualproblemsineducatingouryoungpeopleandolderstudentshavedeepened,whilethenumberofpeoplehired—nottoteachbuttoholdmeetings—hasincreasedsignificantly.Everynewproblemcreatesanewjobforanadministrativefixer.TakeourCenterforTeachingExcellence.Contrarytoitstitle,thecenterisaclearinghouse(信息交流中心)forusingtechnologyinclassroomsandinonlinecourses.It'sanadministrativesham(欺詐)ofthekindthathasmultipliedoverthelast30years.Iofferasimpleproposalinresponse:Manyofourproblems—classattendance,educationalsuccess,studenthappinessandwellbeing—mightbeimprovedbycuttingdownthebureaucratic(官僚的)mechanismsandmeetingsandhiringanarmyofgoodteachersinstead.Ifwereplacedhalfofouradministrativestaffwithclassroomteachers,wemightactuallygetamajorityofourclassesbackto20orfewerstudentsperteacher.Thiswouldbeanenvironmentinwhichteachersandstudentsactuallykneweachother.Theteachersmustbefreetoteachintheirownway—thecurriculumshouldbeflexibleenoughsothattheycanusetheirindividualtalentstoachievethegoalsofthecourse.Additionally,theyshouldbeallowedtoteach,andberewardedfordoingitwell.Teachersarenotpeoplewhoaregreatatandconsumedbyresearchandhappentoappearinaclassroom.Goodteachingandresearcharenotexclusive,buttheyarealsonotautomaticpanions.Teachingisanartandacraft,talentandpractice;itisnotsomethingthatjustanyonecanbegoodat.Itisutterlyconfusingtomethatpeopledonotrecognizethis,despitethefactthatprettymuchanyonewhohasbeenastudentcantellthedifferencebetweentheirbestandworstteachers.9．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutpresentdayuniversities?A．Theyareeffectivelyaddressingrealorimaginedproblems.B．Theyoftenfailtobineteachingwithresearch.C．TheyareoverburdenedwithadministrativestaffD．Theylacktalenttofixtheirdeepeningproblems.10．Accordingtotheauthor,whatkindofpeopledouniversitieslackmost?A．Goodclassroomteachers.B．Efficientadministrators.C．Talentedresearchers.D．Motivatedstudents.11．Whatdoestheauthorimplyabouttheclassesatpresent?A．Theyfacilitatestudents'independentlearning.B．Theyhelpstudentsformcloserrelationships.C．Theyhavemoreolderstudentsthanbefore.D．Theyaremuchbiggerthanisdesirable.12．Whatistheauthor’ssuggestionforimprovinguniversityteaching?A．Creatinganenvironmentforteacherstosharetheirteachingexperiences.B．Hiringmoreclassroomteachersandallowingthemtoteachintheirownway.C．Usinghightechnologyinclassroomsandpromotingexchangeofinformation.D．Cuttingdownmeetingsandencouragingadministrativestafftogotoclassrooms.【答案】9．C

10．A

11．D

12．B【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者結(jié)合自己參加的教學(xué)會(huì)議以及在三所不同學(xué)院擔(dān)任教授的經(jīng)歷指出了如今大學(xué)教育存在的問題。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Andinmypositionasaprofessoratthreedifferentcolleges,theactualproblemsineducatingouryoungpeopleandolderstudentshavedeepened,whilethenumberofpeoplehired—nottoteachbuttoholdmeetings—hasincreasedsignificantly.Everynewproblemcreatesanewjobforanadministrativefixer.TakeourCenterforTeachingExcellence.Contrarytoitstitle,thecenterisaclearinghouse(信息交流中心)forusingtechnologyinclassroomsandinonlinecourses.It'sanadministrativesham(欺詐)ofthekindthathasmultipliedoverthelast30years.(在我擔(dān)任三所不同學(xué)院的教授期間，教育年輕學(xué)生和高年級(jí)的學(xué)生方面的實(shí)際問題已經(jīng)加深，而雇傭的人——不是教書而是開會(huì)的人數(shù)也大大增加。每一個(gè)新問題都會(huì)為管理修正者創(chuàng)造一份新工作。以我們的卓越教學(xué)中心為例。與其名稱相反，該中心是一個(gè)信息交流中心，用于在教室和在線課程中使用技術(shù)。這是行政上的假象，在過去30年里成倍增長(zhǎng))”可知，作者認(rèn)為，現(xiàn)在大學(xué)雇傭了大量的行政人員，負(fù)擔(dān)過重。故選C。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“hiringanarmyofgoodteachersinstead(招聘一支優(yōu)秀的教師隊(duì)伍)”及第三段“Ifwereplacedhalfofouradministrativestaffwithclassroomteachers,wemightactuallygetamajorityofourclassesbackto20orfewerstudentsperteacher.(如果我們把一半的行政人員換成了課堂老師，我們可能會(huì)讓大多數(shù)班級(jí)的每個(gè)老師都有20個(gè)或更少的學(xué)生)”可知，作者認(rèn)為大學(xué)里最缺的是優(yōu)秀的課堂教師。故選A。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ifwereplacedhalfofouradministrativestaffwithclassroomteachers,wemightactuallygetamajorityofourclassesbackto20orfewerstudentsperteacher.Thiswouldbeanenvironmentinwhichteachersandstudentsactuallykneweachother.(如果我們把一半的行政人員換成了課堂老師，我們可能會(huì)讓大多數(shù)班級(jí)的每個(gè)老師都有20個(gè)或更少的學(xué)生，這將是一個(gè)師生真正相互了解的環(huán)境)”可知，作者認(rèn)為，現(xiàn)在的課堂規(guī)模比理想的要大得多，故選D。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ifwereplacedhalfofouradministrativestaffwithclassroomteachers,wemightactuallygetamajorityofourclassesbackto20orfewerstudentsperteacher.(如果我們把一半的行政人員換成了課堂老師，我們可能會(huì)讓大多數(shù)班級(jí)的每個(gè)老師都有20個(gè)或更少的學(xué)生)”及“Theteachersmustbefreetoteachintheirownway—thecurriculumshouldbeflexibleenoughsothattheycanusetheirindividualtalentstoachievethegoalsofthecourse.(教師必須自由地以自己的方式教學(xué)——課程應(yīng)該足夠靈活，以便他們能夠利用自己的個(gè)人才能實(shí)現(xiàn)課程目標(biāo))”可知，對(duì)于如何改進(jìn)大學(xué)教學(xué)，作者的建議是：聘請(qǐng)更多的課堂教師，并讓他們按自己的方式教學(xué)。故選B。第四套（2022·上?！じ咭簧虾Ｊ写笸袑W(xué)?？计谥校㊣wasdirty,smelly,hungryandsomewherebeneathallthat,suntanned.ItwastheendofanInterRail(歐洲旅游火車通票)holiday.Mybodycouldn’ttakeanymorepunishment.Mymindcouldn’tdealwithanymoreforeigntimetables,currenciesorlanguages.“Neveragain,”Isaid,asIsteppedontohomeground.Isaidexactlythesamethingthefollowingyear.Andthenext.AllIhadtodowasbuyonetrainticketand,becauseIwasundertwentyfiveyearsold,IcouldspendawholemonthgoinganywhereIwantedinEurope.Ordinarybedsareneverthesameonceyou’velearnttosleepinthepassageofatrain,therhythmrockingyouintoadeepsleep.Carryingallyourpossessionsonyourbackinarucksack(背包)makesyouhaveaverybasicapproachtotravel,andencouragesincrediblewastefulnessthatcanleadtoburningsocksthathavebeetooantisocial,andgettingridofbookswhenfinished.Ontheotherhand,thiswayoflookingatlifeisentirelyinthespiritofInterRail,formonsenseandreasoningcanbethrownoutofthewindowalongwiththepaperbackbookandthesocks.Allittakestoachievethiscarefreeattitudeisoneofthoseticketsinyourhand.Anysystemthatenablesyoungpeopletotravelthroughcountriesatarateofmorethanoneadaymustbeprettysocial.Onthatfirsttrip,myfriendsandIwereatfirstunawareofthepossibilitiesofthistypeoftrainticket,thinkingitwasjustaninexpensivewayofgettingtoandfromourchosencampsiteinsouthernFrance.Buttheideaofnonstoptravelprovedtooattractive,fortherewasalwaysjustonemorecountryovertheborder,alwaysthatlittlebitfurthertogo.Andwhatdidtheextramilescostus?Nothing.Wewerenotpletelyuninterestedinculture.Butthiswasafirstholidaywithoutparents,asitwasformostotherInterRailers,andinorganizingourowntimetableweleftouteverythingexceptthemostavailablesights.Thiswasthechancetoescapetheguidedtour,anopportunitytodosomethingdifferent.Itookgreatprideinthefactthat,inmanyplaces,allIcouldbebotheredtoseewastheviewfromthestation.Wewerejusttheretogetby,andtohavegoodtimedoingso.InthiswewerenodifferentfrommostoftheotherInterRailerswithwhomwesharedpassagefloors,foodandwater,moneyandmusic.Theexcitementoftravelesfromthesuddenrealityofsomewherethatwaspreviouslyjustaname.Itisasifthecityinwhichyouarriveneveractuallyexisteduntilthetrainpullsinatthestationandyouareabletoseeitwithyourowntiredeyesforthefirsttime.13．Whatdoesthewritermeanby“thiswayoflookingatlife”inParagraph3?A．Worryingaboutyourclothes. B．Throwingunwantedthingsaway.C．Behavinginanantisocialway. D．Lookingafteryourpossessions.14．WhydidthewriteroriginallybuyanInterRailticket?A．Togettooneplacecheaply. B．Tomeetotheryoungpeople.C．Toseealotoffamousplaces. D．TogoonatourofEurope.15．Whatthewriterlikedabouttravelingwithouthisparentswasthat_____.A．hecouldseemoreinterestingplaces B．hecouldspendmoretimesightseeingC．hecouldstayawayfromhomelonger D．hecouldmakehisowndecisions16．Whatdoes“it”inthelastsentenceofParagraph6referto?A．Aname. B．Thecity. C．Thetrain. D．Thestation.【答案】13．B

14．A

15．D

16．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者通過國(guó)際鐵路旅行的經(jīng)歷及其感受。13．詞句猜測(cè)題。由第三段中的“Carryingallyourpossessionsonyourbackinarucksack(背包)makesyouhaveaverybasicapproachtotravel,andencouragesincrediblewastefulnessthatcanleadtoburningsocksthathavebeetooantisocial,andgettingridofbookswhenfinished.Ontheotherhand,thiswayoflookingatlifeisentirelyinthespiritofInterRail,formonsenseandreasoningcanbethrownoutofthewindowalongwiththepaperbackbookandthesocks.(把你所有的東西都背在背包里，這讓你有了一個(gè)非?；镜穆眯蟹绞?，并鼓勵(lì)難以置信的浪費(fèi)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致你想燒掉的那些已經(jīng)變得太反社會(huì)的襪子，并在讀完書后扔掉書。另一方面，thiswayoflookingatlife完全符合國(guó)際鐵路的精神，因?yàn)槌ＷR(shí)和推理可以與平裝書和襪子一起被拋到窗外)”可知，作者通過國(guó)際鐵路旅行，可以忽視常識(shí)和推理，把看過的書和臭襪子等一起扔出窗外，可得出“thiswayoflookingatlife”指的是“扔掉不需要的東西”。故選B項(xiàng)。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Onthatfirsttrip,myfriendsandIwereatfirstunawareofthepossibilitiesofthistypeoftrainticket,thinkingitwasjustaninexpensivewayofgettingtoandfromourchosencampsiteinsouthernFrance.(在第一次旅行中，我和我的朋友一開始并不知道這種火車票的可能性，認(rèn)為這只是一種往返于我們選擇的法國(guó)南部營(yíng)地的廉價(jià)方式)”可知，作者最初購(gòu)買國(guó)際火車票是因?yàn)檫@種交通方式可以讓人便宜到達(dá)一個(gè)地方。故選A項(xiàng)。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段中的“Butthiswasafirstholidaywithoutparents,asitwasformostotherInterRailers,andinorganizingourowntimetableweleftouteverythingexceptthemostavailablesights.(但這是第一個(gè)沒有父母的假期，就像大多數(shù)其他國(guó)際旅行者一樣，在安排我們自己的時(shí)間表時(shí)，我們忽略了除了最常見的景點(diǎn)之外的一切)”可知，作者喜歡沒有父母的旅行是因?yàn)樽髡呖梢宰约鹤鰶Q定，安排自己的時(shí)間表。故選D項(xiàng)。16．詞句猜測(cè)題。由第六段中的“Itisasifthecityinwhichyouarriveneveractuallyexisteduntilthetrainpullsinatthestationandyouareabletoseeitwithyourowntiredeyesforthefirsttime.(就好像你到達(dá)的城市從未真正存在過，直到火車進(jìn)站，你才能夠第一次用疲憊的眼睛看到it)”可知，該句關(guān)鍵詞是城市，可得出it指代上文的“城市（Thecity）”。故選B項(xiàng)。第五套（2022秋·上?！じ咭粡?fù)旦附中?？计谥校〢roundthistimelastwinter,atagymnasium45minutesoutsideBudapest,Iwassurprisedtoeacrossagroupofroughly30menandwomenwithwoodenaxes(斧子).TheyhadgatheredtopracticesomethingcalledBaranta,perhapstheyoungestoftheworld’ssocalledtraditionalmartialarts(武術(shù)).Whiletheytookturnsswingingandblocking,onememberofthegroup,abeefymanwithatight,gray,militarystylehaircut,walkedovertowhereIwasstandingandbeganexcitedlytalkingtomeinHungarian.Evenwiththehelpofatranslator,Ihaddifficultykeepingupwithwhathewassaying.Perhapssensingthis,hepulledouthisphonetoshowmeaseriesofvideos,inwhichseveralgroupswerepracticingBaranta.ThenameBaranta,Ilaterlearned,originatesfromanoldHungarianwordmeaning,roughly,“toattack.”Today,itreferstoafightingstylebasedonamixtureofHungarianfolkdancing,Mongolianwrestling,andtheimaginedfightingskillsofitspractitioners’ancestors.KataBabinszki,astudentattheUniversityofPécswhoiswritinganessayonBaranta,toldmethatthepracticedatestotheearly1990s.Atthattime,smallgroupsofHungariansbeganplungingintotheircountry’spast,lookingbacktoitshistoryaspartoftheAustroHungarianempire,toitstimeasakingdom,andeventotheperiodwhenHungarianswerehorsementravellingacrosstheedgesofeasternEuropeandpossiblycentralAsia.BarantaclubshaveformedinmostmajorHungariancitiesandinmanysmallervillages,Babinszkisays.Thesenew“traditionalists”areinterestedintakinguparcheryandhorsebackridingandorganizinggiant“tribalmeetings”atwhichtheydressinMongolianstylecoatsandhats.Thoughmanyofthesetrappingsarerootedlessinhistoricalfactthaninwistfulimagination,fewHungariansseeminterestedinquibblingovertheirauthenticity.“They’rereachingbacktoatimewhenourknowledgeisveryuncertain,”saysVendelTeszler,aprofessoratE?tv?sLorándUniversity,inBudapestwhohasstudiedHungariantraditionalists.“Nobodycantellthemexactlywhatclothingishistoricallyaccurate.Everythingcanbetransformedandcreated.”Eventradition.17．Whydidthebeefymanshowthewriteraseriesofvideos?A．Hewastryingtosellthewriterthesevideos.B．Hefoundthewritercouldn’tunderstandhiswords.C．HehaddifficultytranslatingEnglishintoHungarian.D．HewantedthewritertoshowhimhowtopracticeBaranta.18．Accordingtothepassage,whathappenedintheearly1990s?A．BarantamadeaebackinHungary.B．BarantaclubsmovedfromvillagestomajorcitiesC．SomeHungariansbeganexploringthecountry’shistory.D．SomeHungariansbecameinterestedinMongolianmartialarts.19．Thephrase“quibblingover”(inthelastparagraph)mostprobablymeans“________”.A．a(chǎn)rguingabout B．handingoverC．insistingon D．engagingin20．VendelTeszlerisquotedinthelastparagraphinordertoshow________.A．traditionchangeswithtimenomatterhowolditisB．thehistoryofHungaryremainsamysterytomanypeopleC．wishfulimaginationappealsmoretopeoplethanhistoricalfactD．whattraditionalistsbelieveinmaynotbetruetothefact【答案】17．D

18．C

19．A

20．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了去年冬天作者偶遇了一群練習(xí)一種被叫做Baranta的一群人，從而了解到了一些與Baranta這種世界上最年輕的所謂的傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)有關(guān)的一些歷史情況。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TheyhadgatheredtopracticesomethingcalledBaranta,perhapstheyoungestoftheworld’ssocalledtraditionalmartialarts(武術(shù)).(他們聚在一起練習(xí)一種叫做Baranta的武術(shù)，這可能是世界上最年輕的所謂傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)。)”以及第二段“Perhapssensingthis,hepulledouthisphonetoshowmeaseriesofvideos,inwhichseveralgroupswerepracticingBaranta.(也許是察覺到了這一點(diǎn)，他拿出手機(jī)給我看了一系列視頻，里面有幾個(gè)小組在練習(xí)Baranta。)”可知這位健碩的男士與他的同伴們正在練習(xí)Baranta，所以這位健碩的男士給我看手機(jī)里的視頻是想讓我教他們?nèi)绾尉毩?xí)Baranta。故選D項(xiàng)。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“KataBabinszki,astudentattheUniversityofPécswhoiswritinganessayonBaranta,toldmethatthepracticedatestotheearly1990s.Atthattime,smallgroupsofHungariansbeganplungingintotheircountry’spast,lookingbacktoitshistoryaspartoftheAustroHungarianempire,toitstimeasakingdom,andeventotheperiodwhenHungarianswerehorsementravellingacrosstheedgesofeasternEuropeandpossiblycentralAsia.(Pécs大學(xué)的學(xué)生Katababinzki正在寫一篇關(guān)于Baranta的文章，他告訴我，這種做法可以追溯到上世紀(jì)90年代初。那時(shí)，一小群匈牙利人開始回顧他們國(guó)家的過去，回顧它作為奧匈帝國(guó)一部分的歷史，回顧它作為一個(gè)王國(guó)的時(shí)期，甚至匈牙利人騎馬穿越東歐邊緣，可能還有中亞的時(shí)期。)”可知在20世紀(jì)90年代早期一群匈牙利人開始探索匈牙利這個(gè)國(guó)家的歷史。故選C項(xiàng)。19．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thesenew“traditionalists”areinterestedintakinguparcheryandhorsebackridingandorganizinggiant“tribalmeetings”atwhichtheydressinMongolianstylecoatsandhats.(這些新的“傳統(tǒng)主義者”對(duì)射箭和騎馬感興趣，并組織大型“部落會(huì)議”，他們穿著蒙古風(fēng)格的外套和帽子。)”以及最后一段第一句“Thoughmanyofthesetrappingsarerootedlessinhistoricalfactthaninwistfulimagination,(盡管許多這樣的裝飾與其說是源于歷史事實(shí)，不如說是源于懷舊的想象，)”以及““They’rereachingbacktoatimewhenourknowledgeisveryuncertain,”saysVendelTeszler,aprofessoratE?tv?sLorándUniversity,inBudapestwhohasstudiedHungariantraditionalists.“Nobodycantellthemexactlywhatclothingishistoricallyaccurate.Everythingcanbetransformedandcreated.”Eventradition.(“他們回到了一個(gè)我們的知識(shí)非常不確定的時(shí)代，”布達(dá)佩斯E?tv?sLoránd大學(xué)研究匈牙利傳統(tǒng)主義者的教授VendelTeszler說。“沒有人能確切地告訴他們什么服裝是歷史上最準(zhǔn)確的。一切都可以被改造和創(chuàng)造?！奔词故莻鹘y(tǒng)。)”可知這些新的“傳統(tǒng)主義者”在探索匈牙利歷史的道路上所遵循追求的傳統(tǒng)只是一種懷舊的形式，至于是不是與原來的傳統(tǒng)真正一致，很少有人去辯解。因?yàn)橐磺卸际强梢员桓脑旌蛣?chuàng)造的。即使是傳統(tǒng)。所以此處劃線詞quibblingover的意思應(yīng)與arguingover意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)。20．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““They’rereachingbacktoatimewhenourknowledgeisveryuncertain,”saysVendelTeszler,aprofessoratE?tv?sLorándUniversity,inBudapestwhohasstudiedHungariantraditionalists.“Nobodycantellthemexactlywhatclothingishistoricallyaccurate.Everythingcanbetransformedandcreated.”Eventradition.(布達(dá)佩斯E?tv?sLoránd大學(xué)研究匈牙利傳統(tǒng)主義者的教授VendelTeszler說：“他們回到了一個(gè)我們的知識(shí)非常不確定的時(shí)代。沒有人能確切地告訴他們什么服裝是歷史上最準(zhǔn)確的。一切都可以被改造和創(chuàng)造。”即使是傳統(tǒng)。)”可知在教授VendelTeszler看來匈牙利的這些新的“傳統(tǒng)主義者”所穿的服裝有可能不一定是歷史上本來的樣子，因?yàn)橐磺卸伎梢员桓脑旌蛣?chuàng)造。即使是傳統(tǒng)。所以作者在最后一段引用了VendelTeszler的話目的是為了來說明傳統(tǒng)主義者所相信的未必是真的。故選D項(xiàng)。第六套Onedayinl965,whenIworkedatViewRidgeSchoolinSeattle,afourthgradeteacherapproachedme.Shehadastudentwhofinishedhisworkbeforealltheothersandneededachallenge."Couldhehelpinthelibrary?"Sheasked.Isaid,"Sendhimalong."Soonaslight,sandyhairedboyinjeansandaTshiftappeared."Doyouhaveajobforme?"heasked.ItoldhimabouttheDeweyDecimalSystemforshelvingbooks.Hepickeduptheideaimmediately.ThenIshowedhimastackofcardsforlongoverduebooksthatIwasbeginningtothinkhadactuallybeenreturnedbutweremisshelvedwiththewrongcardsinthem.Hesaid,"Isitkindofadetectivejob?"Iansweredyes,andhebecameworking.Hehadfoundthreebookswithwrongcardsbythetimehisteacheropenedthedoorandannounced,"Timeforbreak!"Hearguedforfinishingthefindingjob;Shemadethecaseforfreshair.Shewon.Thenextmorning,hearrivedearly."Iwanttofinishthesebooks,"hesaid.Attheendoftheday,whenheaskedtobealibrarianonaregularbasis,itwaseasytosayyes.Heworkeduntiringly.AfterafewweeksIfoundanoteonmydesk,invitingmetodinnerattheboy'shome.Attheendofapleasantevening,hismotherannouncedthatthefamilywouldbemovingtoneighbouringschooldistrict.Herson'sfirstconcern,shesaid,wasleavingtheViewRidgelibrary."Whowillfindthelostbooks?"heasked.Whenthetimecame,Isaidareluctantgoodbye.Imissedhim,butnotforlong.Afewdayslaterhecamebackandjoyfullyannounced:"Thelibrarianovertheredoesn'tletboysworkinthelibrary.MymothergotmetransferredbacktoViewRidge.Mydadwilldropmeoffonhiswaytowork.Andifhecan’t,I'llwalk!"Ishouldhavehadaninkling(感覺)suchfocuseddeterminationwouldtakethatyoungmanwhereverhewantedtogo.WhatIcouldnothaveguessed,however,wasthathewouldbeeawizardoftheInformationAge:BillGates,tycoonofMicrosoftandAmerica'srichestman.65.Whatwastheauthorwhenthestoryhappened? A.Ateacher. B.Alibrarian. C.Adetective. D.Aprofessor.66.Whatwastheboytoldtodoonhisfirstdayinthelibrary?A.Torearrangethebooksaccordingtothenewsystem.B.Toputthoseoverduebooksbacktotheshelves.C.Tofindoutthebookswithwrongcardsinthem.D.Toputthecardsbackinthelongoverduebooks.67.Theboygottransferredback