Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionAssessingyourProgress課時練習（解析版）語法填空。Switzerlandisworld-famousforitsqualitychocolate，withitshigh-endchocolatebrandsachievinginternational1.(recognize)．However，peopleintheSwisstownofOlten，nearZurich，gotthesurpriseoftheirlivesearlierthisweek,2.chocolatesnowcoveredthewholetown.Somelocalswonderedifthebrown“snow”was3.unusualconsequenceofclimatechange.However，allbecameclearafterthelocalchocolatemakerLindtexplainedthebrownshowerresulted4.afaultinitscoolingsystematitsfactory.Thisfaultwassurelyspecial,5.(allow)blowingwindstomoveupchocolatedustandspreaditoverthetown.Manypartsofthetown6.(cover)inalayeroflightbrown，milkchocolate-flavoureddust.ArepresentativefromLindtofferedtopayforanycleaningservices7.(require)asaresultoftheevent.Todate，noonehasaskedforhelp.Thespokeswomansetpeople’smindatrestwiththeclaimthatthecocoabeanpowderis8.(harm)tohumanhealthandtheenvironment.Sheaddedthatfactoryengineersareworking9.(constant)onrepairingthetechnicalproblem.Thechocolatedustincidentledtoalotofjokesonsocialmedia.Oneuserpostedacomment，saying，“Chocolatesnowflakes(雪花)fallfromthesky，andit10.(look)likeadreamcometrue.”1．【答案】recognition【解析】考查名詞。瑞士高端的巧克力品牌獲得國際認可。空處在句中作achieving的賓語，且其前有形容詞修飾，應用名詞，故填recognition。2．【答案】when【解析】考查定語從句。本周早些時候，蘇黎世附近的瑞士小鎮奧爾滕鎮迎來了一場“巧克力雪”，讓當地居民大吃一驚。分析句子結構可知，空處在此引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞earlierthisweek，指時間，故用when。3．【答案】an【解析】考查冠詞。一些當地人想知道這種棕色的“雪”是否是氣候變化的不尋常結果。根據句意可知，此處表泛指，且unusual的發音以元音音素開頭，故用不定冠詞an。4．【答案】from【解析】考查介詞。然而，在當地巧克力制造商Lindt透露“巧克力雪”是其工廠的冷卻系統中的一個小故障造成的之后，一切都變得明朗了。resultfrom是固定搭配，意為“起因于，由……造成”。5．【答案】allowing【解析】考查非謂語動詞。allow與其邏輯主語之間是主謂關系，應用現在分詞作狀語。6．【答案】werecovered【解析】考查時態和語態。小鎮的許多地方都覆蓋著一層淺棕色、牛奶巧克力味的粉末。此處描述發生在過去的事情，應用一般過去時；Manypartsofthetown是cover這一動作的承受者，應用被動語態。故填werecovered。7．【答案】required【解析】考查非謂語動詞。Lindt的一名代表表示愿意支付該事件導致的、需要進行的任何清潔服務費用。分析句子結構可知，空處應用非謂語動詞。require與其邏輯主語anycleaningservices之間是動賓關系，故應用過去分詞作后置定語。8．【答案】harmless【解析】考查形容詞。發言人安慰人們稱，可可豆粉對人體健康和環境都是無害的。根據句意可知，此處表示“無害的”，故應填harmless。9．【答案】constantly【解析】考查副詞。發言人補充說，工廠工程師正在不斷地修復技術問題。修飾動詞應用副詞，故填constantly“不斷地”。10．【答案】looks【解析】考查時態。巧克力雪花從天而降，恰似夢想成真。根據上文中的“fall”可知，此處應用一般現在時。故填looks。閱讀理解。AAlexElmanrunsabigbusiness—somethinghardtoimagineaftershelosthersightinhertwenties.ButElmansaysthatlosinghersighthelpedherfocusonfindingsuccess.Elman’sfatherplantedahillsidevineyardinwesternMassachusettsin1981.It’swhereElmanfledduringthedarkestperiodofherlife.Whenshewas27yearsold，shewentblindduetocomplicationsfromjuvenilediabetes(青少年糖尿病)17yearsago.Sherecalled，“Ihidinmyhome.Ihidintheplace，tome，thatwasthesafestplaceintheworld.”ElmanisnowthefounderofAlexElmanWines，agrowingcollectionoforganicwinesfromallaroundtheworld：ChiantifromItaly，TorrontesfromArgentina.Elmandoesn’tworkalone.Herassistant，aguidedognamedHanley，issomethingofawinetaster，andquiteabeggar.HanleytravelstoallofthewineriesthatElmandoes，fromSouthAmericatoEurope.Atfirst，Elmanresistedtheideaofaseeing-eyedog.Nowit’shardtoimagineherlife，orherbusiness，withouthim.Shesaid，“WhensomeonetellsmesomethingisorganicandIdon’treallybelieveitbecauseItastesomethingfunnyonit，I’llputitinfrontofhisfaceandifhelikesthewine，he’llactuallygoinandsniffit.Ifit’snotright，he’llturnhisheadaway...Hegetsinthedirtwithme.Hescratchesaround.Hemakessurethatweseeearthwormsandbutterflies.That’showweknowthatthesoilisactuallyorganicandtherearenochemicals.”ElmantoldCBSNewsshebelievesthelossofhervisionwasagift.Shesaid，“ItallowedmetopayattentiontowhatIthoughtwasimportantandalsotobeabletoteachpeoplethatthebrokenhangnailisnotabigdeal，youknowwhatImean?Don’tsweatthesmallstuff.Don’tsweatthebigstuffeither.”1．WhatcanweknowaboutElmanfromParagraph2?A．Shesufferedfromjuvenilediabetesfrom27yearsold.B．Shelikedplayinghide-and-seekduringherchildhood.C．Shelosthersightwhilehelpingwithfarmworkin1981.D．Shegotthroughherharddaysinthevineyard.【答案】D【解析】細節理解題。根據第二段關鍵句“...It’swhereElmanfledduringthedarkestperiodofherlife.”和“...Ihidintheplace，tome，thatwasthesafestplaceintheworld.”可知，埃爾曼在葡萄園度過了艱難的日子。故選D項。2．WhatwouldElmandowhenshecouldn’tjudgethewineexactly?A．ShewouldmakeHanleygoinandsniffit.B．ShewouldorderHanleytodrinkit.C．ShewouldturntoHanleyforadvice.D．Shewouldhaveanothertasteherself.【答案】C【解析】細節理解題。根據第四段關鍵句“...I’llputitinfrontofhisfaceandifhelikesthewine，he’llactuallygoinandsniffit.Ifit’snotright，he’llturnhisheadaway...”可知，如果埃爾曼不能準確判斷葡萄酒，她會向漢利尋求建議。故選C項。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“thebrokenhangnail”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Anailwhichisofnouse.B．Ataskthatit’shardtoaccomplish.C．Adisadvantageyouhaveinyourlife.D．Apersonwhoishardtodealwith.【答案】C【解析】詞義猜測題。根據最后一段關鍵句“ElmantoldCBSNewsshebelievesthelossofhervisionwasagift.”和“ItallowedmetopayattentiontowhatIthoughtwasimportant”可知，在埃爾曼看來，人生中的缺陷是一份禮物，因為它讓人們能夠關注自己認為重要的事情，故畫線詞表示“劣勢，缺陷”。故選C項。4．Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingwillElmanmostprobablyagreewith?A．Whenlifegivesyoulemons，makelemonade.B．Theeyeisblindifthemindisabsent.C．Asingletreedoesnotmakeaforest.D．Thereisnoroyalroadtosuccess.【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段關鍵句“ElmantoldCBSNewsshebelievesthelossofhervisionwasagift.”可知，在埃爾曼看來，人生中的缺陷是一份禮物。“Whenlifegivesyoulemons，makelemonade.”寓意為“遇到困境不退縮，逆流而上，苦中作樂，看到生活中陽光的一面”，符合埃爾曼的人生觀，故選A項。BResearchersatOregonStateUniversityhavemadeakeyadvanceinseekingforthegreenchemistryofchangingthegreenhousegascarbondioxideintoreusableformsofcarbonbyelectrochemicalreduction.PublishedinNatureEnergy，thestudyledbyZhenxingFengoftheOSUCollegeofEngineeringandcolleaguesatSouthernUniversityofScienceandTechnologyinChinaandStanfordUniversitydescribesanewtypeofelectrocatalyst(電催化劑)．“Thereductionofcarbondioxideisbeneficialforacleanenvironmentandsustainabledevelopment，”saidFeng，assistantprofessorofchemicalengineering.“IncontrasttotraditionalCO2reductionthatuseschemicalmethodsathightemperatureswithahighdemandofextraenergy，electrochemicalCO2reductionreactionscanbeperformedatroomtemperatureusingliquidsolution.AndtheelectricityrequiredforelectrochemicalCO2reductioncanbeobtainedfromrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarpower，thusenablingcompletelygreenprocesses.”“Tounderstandthereactionmechanismofourcatalyst，mygroupatOSUusedX-rayabsorptionspectroscopy(光譜學)tomonitorthecatalyst’schangeduringthereactionprocesses，confirmingtheroleofthecatalystinthereaction，”Fengsaid.“Thiscollaborativeworkdemonstratesahigh-performancecatalystforgreenprocessesofelectrochemicalCO2reductionreactions.Italsoshowsthereactionmechanismofourcatalyst，whichcanguidethefuturedevelopmentofenergychangedevicesasweworktowardanegative-carboneconomy.”TheNationalScienceFoundation，theDepartmentofEnergy，theGuangdongProvincialKeyLaboratoryofCatalysis，OregonStateUniversity，theNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChinaandtheGuangdong-HongKong-MacaoJointLaboratoryforPhotonic-Thermal-ElectricalEnergyMaterialsandDevicessupportedthisresearch.MaoyuWangandMarcosLuceroofOSUwereamongthecollaborators，whoalsoincludedscientistsfromYaleUniversity，NorthwesternUniversityandtheArgonneNationalLaboratory.5．Whatachievementhavetheresearchersmade?A．TheyhavefoundawaytoretainCO2.B．TheyhavelearnedthebenefitsofCO2.C．TheyhavediscoveredhowtoreuseCO2.D．TheyhaveinventedanewformofCO2.【答案】C【解析】細節理解題。根據第一段內容可知，研究人員在尋找通過電化學還原法將溫室氣體二氧化碳轉化為可重復利用的碳的綠色化學方面取得了關鍵性的進展。由此可知，研究人員取得的成就是發現了如何重復利用二氧化碳。故選C。6．WhatdoesZhenxingFengexpressaboutthereductionofCO2inParagraph3?A．Theirmethodhasmanyadvantages.B．Theirmethodonlyneedssolarenergy.C．Theirmethodisbadfortheenvironment.D．Thetraditionalmethodisoutofdate.【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。根據第三段第二、三句可知，和傳統的二氧化碳減排相比，電化學二氧化碳減排可以在室溫下使用液體溶液進行，并且所需要的電力可以從太陽能等可再生能源中獲取，因此可以使該過程完全環保。由此可推知，ZhenxingFeng認為他們的方法有更多的優勢。故選A。7．Whymanyresearchcentersareintroduced?A．Toshowtheirpopularity.B．Totellustheirlocations.C．Toinvitemorepeopletojoinintheresearch.D．Toprovethecorrectnessofthefinding.【答案】D【解析】推理判斷題。第五段提及的這些研究中心都支持這項研究。由此可推知，介紹這些研究中心是為了證明他們的發現是正確的。故選D。8．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Education. B．Science.C．Life. D．Health.【答案】B【解析】文章出處題。本文介紹了俄勒岡州立大學的研究人員發現通過電化學還原法能夠將溫室氣體二氧化碳轉化為可重復使用的碳，所以該文章應屬于科學范疇。故選B。應用文寫作。假如你是李華，你所居住的城市就要開始實行垃圾分類了。你們社區準備進行一次關于垃圾分類的公益活動，請你寫一則英文通知，希望外國友人也能參與其中。內容包括：1．活動的時間和地點；2．參加人員需要做的工作；3．報名地點和截止時間。注意：詞數80左右(格式已給出)。參考詞匯：垃圾分類garbageclassification【參考范文】NoticeTherewillbeanon-profitcampaignfocusingongarbageclassificationlaunchedinthegardenofourcommunityfrom9∶00to11∶00thisSundaymorning.Nowsomeforeignvolunteersareterriblywanted.Onthatdaywhatvolunteersneedtodoishandouttheleaflets.What’smore，volunteersareexpectedtoexplaintothose，especiallyforeigners，whohavepuzzlesonhowtoclassifydifferentwasteinourlife.Andsomeinterestinggamesmaymaketheatmospheremorelively.AnyforeignfriendwhohasinterestinthismeaningfulactivityiswelcometosignupintheofficeofourcommunitybeforeThursday.Lookingforwardtoyourtakingpart!YingzeCommunityOffice讀后續寫。閱讀下面短文，根據所給情節進行續寫，使之構成一個完整的故事。Deepintheforest,myhusbandandIhadclimbingoverandcrawlingunderthedownedtreesthatblockedthedirtpathbeforeus.ItwasMay,yetwewalkedupasnow-coveredhill.Whenwenoticedourjeanswerewetuptoourknees,itdidnotdampenourspirits.Notoncedidwesay,“let’sturnaround.”Thiswasourvacation,andwewereonanadventure.Littledidweknowthiswasthebeginningofmanymoresurprises.Thetrailwasmarkedasaneasyone-kilometerhike,yetwewerealreadywalkingalongdistance.Ourlightheartednessstoppedwhenwecameoutintoaclearingandsawaparkinglotwithoutourrentalcarinit.Asmyeyesscannedthesurroundings,nothinglookedfamiliar.Myheartraced.Irealizedwewerelostinanotionalparkthatdidnotofficiallyopenforanotherweek.Usually,Iamthecalmoneintherelationship,butmyhusbandsurprisedmewithhiscalmness.Thisdidnotcomfortme;Infact,itheightenedmyfear.Aswewalked,Iaskedmyhusbandtocallforhelp,buttherewasnocell-phonesignalinthisisolated（偏僻的）area.Itwasawfullyquietexceptforourfootstepshittingtheroad,andmyheavybreathing.Myhusbandsuggestedweconserveenergyandwalkslower.Witheachstepontheroad,myfeetandthighshurtwhilemymindracedwiththoughtsaboutpeoplewhogotlostintheCanadianwoodsfordays.Myvisionsharpened.Inoticedeverythingaroundme:thetrees,rocksandsnow.Ithoughtwecouldeatthesnowonthegroundincaseweneededwater.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iwasreadyandwillingtogetaride,butwedidnotmeetwithasinglecarontheroad.Silently,Iprayedmultipletimes.Wefocusedoneachother,madejointdecisionsandconnectedthroughgratitude.Wemanagedtostayonthemainroadandwalkedstraighton.注意：1.所續寫短文詞數為150左右；2.應使用5個以上短文中標有下劃線的關鍵詞語；3.續寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；4.續寫完成后，請用下劃線標出你使用的關鍵詞語。Paragraph1：Myhusbandsuddenlyspottedasmallbuildingonahillinthedistance._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________