Unit4重點單詞、短語精講（1）1.damage重點單詞vt.損害；損壞Mycarwasbadlydamaged,butluckilythekidswerenotseriouslyhurt.n.損害；損壞；損失Theheavyrainhascaused/doneseriousdamagetotheroof.do/causedamageto對…造成損壞重點單詞Smokingwilldamageyourhealth.Thattownwasdestroyedintheearthquake.Thebadweatherruinedourtrip.比較：部分性損壞或可修復的破壞徹底的毀壞或毀滅，往往很難修復使美好的事物失去優良的特性，不能恢復Thedecisionsmadebythegovernmentgreatlyaffectedourlives.Shewasdeeplyaffectedbythestory.Diseasesaffectalmosteveryoneatsometimeduringtheirlives.重點單詞2.affectvt.使感染疾病影響(influence)打動，使感動(被動語態)vt.使震驚；使氣憤重點單詞3.shockThenewsofScott’sdeathshockedtheworld.n.1.Theshockoftheearthquakewasfeltmilesaway.2.Don’ttouchthatwireoryouwillgetashock.

劇烈振動；沖擊點擊；觸電重點單詞3.Itcameasashocktohearthatfactorywouldhavetoclose.4.Shewastakentohospitalsufferingfromshock.休克精神上的震驚；令人震驚的事重點單詞shockingadj.令人震驚的；令人憎惡的shockingnews令人震驚的消息shockedadj.感到震驚的；憤慨的ashockedlook/expression驚訝的樣子/表情n.努力；盡力重點單詞4.effortSheputhertimeandeffortintoherbusiness.makeanefforttodosth.盡一切努力做某事sparenoefforttodosth.不遺余力做某事Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.Hespeaksasifhewerealeader.HespeaksEnglishasifhehadlivedinEnglandformanyyears.重點短語1.asif好像；似乎=asthough表語從句狀語從句asif/though引導的表語從句或狀語從句中如是不真實的情況，從句常用虛擬語氣。單句填空：Smokingwilldodamage___yourhealth.Allthepeoplepresentatthemeeting_____________(affect)byhisencouragingspeech.Hetalksasifhe_____(be)anativeEnglishspeaker.ExercisewereaffectedtowereUnit4重點單詞、短語精講（2）1.suffer重點單詞vt.遭受；蒙受sufferpain/defeat/lossvi.受苦；患病Asayoungman,hesufferedalotfrompoverty.Doeshesufferfromanykindofmentaldisability?sufferingn.痛苦；苦難遭受痛苦/失敗/損失Shesurvivedherhusbandby5years.Hesurvivedtheearthquake.重點單詞2.survivevt.幸存于；比…活得長不能說hesurvivedfrom/intheearthquake.vi.幸存；保存下來Someoldcustomshavesurvivedintothepresent.survivorn.幸存者survivaln.幸存；幸存物重點單詞重點單詞3.strike（struck，struck/stricken）Theshipstruckarock.Thechurchclockbegantostriketwelve.Lastmonth,partofsoutheastAsiawasstruckbyflood.撞擊；打敲響；報時突然襲擊重點單詞4.Itstruckmethatwemighthavemadethewrongdecision.5.Wewerestruckbyherkindness.6.Thebusdriverswerestrikingformoremoney.突然想到給…以某種印象罷工重點單詞4.effectn.結果；作用；影響sideeffect副作用bring/put…intoeffect實施；實行comeintoeffect/takeeffect（規則、法律）生效Globalwarminghasagreateffectonplantsandanimals.effective

adj.有效的對……產生重大影響例：1.Severalformerteacherswereonhandtotellstoriesabouttheolddays.2.Wehavefivecarsonhand.重點短語1.onhand在手頭；在近處；現有單句填空：Alargequantityofmoneyhasbeencollectedtohelpthose___________(suffer)fromthefloods.Theplancrashedinanareaofdenseju