DiscoveringUsefulStructures新人教選擇性必修三Unit4AdversityandCourage目錄Lead-inPracticeandApplyObserveandDiscoverSummaryLearningobjectives:

Attheendofthislesson,studentsareableto:1.Tolearnthepresentperfectcontinuoustense2.TopracticethepresentperfectcontinuoustensebycompletingsomeexercisesLead-in：

ThisistheadventurethatIhavebeendreamingof.(diary1,Para.1)Wearenowcampedonthericeandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive,butspringiscoming,andtheicewillsoonbegintomelt.(diary2,Para.3)We

havebeenstrugglingfordays,butthingsonElephantIslandaregoingfrombadtoworse.(diary3,Para.1)Lookatthesentencesbelowandthinkwhatisthetenseofeachsentence.presentperfectcontinuoustense(現在完成進行時)ObserveandDiscover：

基本結構：“have/hasbeen+現在分詞”基本含義：表示動作從過去某一時間開始一直持續到現在，可能剛剛停止，也可能仍在繼續。PresentPastFuturepresentperfectcontinuoustense(現在完成進行時)ObserveandDiscover：

PastPresentFutureHeisvisitingthedoctor.have/has

been+v-ingWeusepresentperfectcontinuoustenseforactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinueinthepresent.Youhavebeensayingthatforfiveyears.I’mfedupwithit.

ObserveandDiscover：

PastPresentFuturehave/has

been+v-ingWeusepresentperfectcontinuoustenseforactionsthatstartedinthepastandhavejustfinishedbuthaveconsequencesinthepresent.Tom’shandsareverydirty.Hehasbeenrepairing

thecar.ObserveandDiscover：

基本概念①Wehavebeenwaitingforyouforhalfanhour.②TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperfortwothousandyears.我們已經等你半個鐘頭了。中國有2000年的造紙歷史。（動作剛終止，不再繼續下去）（動作還將繼續下去）現在完成進行時表示動作從過去某一時間開始一直持續到現在，這個動作可能剛終止，也可能還在進行。1.Wehavebeenwaitingforyouforhalfanhour.2.TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperfortwothousandyears.3.IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincethreeyearsago.Theusageofthetense(1)①現在完成進行時態表示動作還未結束，還要繼續

下去。其動作是否繼續下去，則由上下文而定。這個時態多用于

動詞，如live,learn,lie,stay,sit,wait,stand,rest,study等，并常和allthetime,thisweek/month,allnight/morning,recently,thesefewdays,inthepast+時間,severaltimes等時間狀語以及

連用(與since和for連用時，動作常會繼續下去)。持續延續性since+時間點for+時間段DoyouknowCCTV9?Yes,ithasbeenbroadcasting

Englishprogramssince2000.

DoyouknowCCTV9?Yes,ithasbeenbroadcastingEnglishprogramssince2000

2000futurenowbroadcastbroadcast強調動作的持續性1.Allthesedayshehasbeenwriting

articlestoourmagazine.2.He

hasbeenpromising

tohelpyou.Hasn’thedoneit?3.I_______________(take)partinracesforaboutfouryears.4.Jack_______________(phone)Janeeverynightforthelastweek.②表示動作并不是一直不停地進行，而是在斷斷續續地

。havebeentakinghasbeenphoningTheusageofthetense(2)重復Gosh,isanybodyinit?Ihavebeenknockingatthedoorforhalfanhour!Gosh,isanybodyinit?Ihavebeenknockingatthedoorforhalfanhour!pastfuturenowknockknockknock強調動作的重復性1.Tomhas

alwaysbeen

working

hard.2.Youhave

been

coughing

alotlately!3.Whathave

youbeen

doing

tomydictionary?③帶有

，使語言表達更加生動。Whatkindofemotiondoesthewriterexpressinthesesentences?贊許關切不滿Theusageofthetense(3)感情色彩Oh,youhavecomeatlast!Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.Hereyouare!Sorry.i'mlate.Oh,youhavecomeatlast!Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.Hereyouare!Sorry.i'mlate.pastfuturenowwait表示強烈的感情色彩Lookatthesentencesfromthetext

anddiscussthefunctionofthetense.表示動作從過去某時開始一直到說話時還在進行或可能還要繼續下去。表示在一段持續的時間內動作的多次重復，而這個重復的動作在說話時并不一定在進行。P38...thisistheadventurethatIhavebeendreamingof.P38Wearenowcampedontheiceandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive.P39Wehavebeenstrugglingfordays,but...表示某種強烈的感情色彩,如：贊賞、批評、憤怒、失望等。Functionsofthetense.①Hehasbeenwritinganovel,whichwillbefinishednextmonth.②Hehaswrittenanovel,whichisbeingpreparedtocomeoutnow.現在完成進行時與現在完成時的區別③Ihavebeenvisitingmyhometownrecently,anditimpressesmedifferentlyeachtime.④Ihavevisitedmyhometownrecently,whosechangeshaveleftadeepimpressiononme.A:比較句子①②，___________________強調動作未完成；而___________________強調動作已經結束。has\havebeendoinghas\havedoneB:比較句子③④，_________________強調動作的重復，___________可以表示一次性動作。has\havebeendoinghas\havedoneCompareandfindafinishedactionanunfinishedactionC:比較句子⑤⑥，____________________表示一種感情色彩；_____________則陳述一種事實。⑤Recentlyshehasalwaysbeenhelpingme.⑥Recentlyshehashelpedmealot.has\havebeendoinghas\havedoneD:比較句子⑦⑧_____________________強調動作行為的結果、影響，而_______________________只強調動作行為本身。⑦Therepairmanhasbeenrepairingthecaralltheafternoon.⑧Therepairmanhasrepairedyourcar,andyoucanhaveitnow.has\havebeendoinghas\havedone?有些動詞不能用于現在完成進行時，但可用于現在完成時，這些動詞為：狀態動詞：be，have，exist；情感動詞：like，love，hate；感官動詞：see，hear，know，feel，sound；短暫性動詞：finish，marry，getup，come，go等。Ihaveknownhimforyears.Theyhavefinishedthework.ObserveandDiscover：

ObserveandDiscover：

ObserveandDiscover：

ObserveandDiscover：

resultoractivity?Myhandsareverydirty.l'vebeenrepairingmybike.MybikeisOKagainnow.l'verepairedit.ObserveandDiscover：

現在完成進行時的句子，需要動作行為具有延續性的特點。所以不具有延續性的動詞不適用于現在完成進行時。例如：gocomemarrydiefinishstartlikelovehatewantneedstoppreferknowmeanrealizeunderstandseembelieverememberbelongcontainconsist…ObserveandDiscover：

現在完成進行時陳述句、一般疑問句和簡單句的簡單回答：陳述句一般疑問句簡單回答I/We/You/Theyhave(not)beenworking...He/She/Ithas(not)beenworking...HaveI/we/you/theybeenworking…?Hashe/she/itbeenworking...?Yes,I/we/you/theyhave.No,I/we/you/theyhaven’t.

Yes,he/she/ithas.No,he/she/ithasn’t.Readeachsituationandrewriteeachsentenceusingthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.(P41E2)PracticeandApply：

Stevestartedtoplayrugby(英式橄欖球運動)

attheageofeight.Nowhehasbecomeaprofessionalplayer.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________Timmyisholdingatabletennisbat(球拍)

andhisshorthairisdamp(微濕的；潮濕的)

withsweat.Helooksalittletiredafterplayingtabletennisfortwohours.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Stevehasbeenplayingrugbysincetheageofeight.Nowhehasbecomeaprofessionalplayer.Timmyisholdingatabletennisbatandhisshorthairisdampwithsweat.Helooksalittletiredbecausehehasbeenplayingtabletennisfortwohours.PracticeandApply：

Dianehasn’tgotmuchsleepthisweek.Shelooksterribletoday.______________________________________________________________________________________________Itriedtophoneyouthismorning.ImusthavetriedadozentimesbeforeIcaughtyouhere.__________________________________________________________________________________________________Dianehasn’tbeensleepingwellthisweek.Shelooksterribletoday.I

havebeentryingtophoneyouthismorning.ImusthavetriedadozentimesbeforeIcaughtyouhere.Didthisactionstartfromthepastandlast/repeattillnow?Isitlikelythatthisactionwillcontinueinthefuture?Isthespeakerexpressingstrongemotioninthissentence?Isthespeakertryingtoemphasisetheactionhaslastedlong?ThinkingTimeCompletethesentencesbelowusingthecorrecttensesoftheverbsinbrackets.Thenexplainyourreasonstoyourpartner.PracticeandApply：

Forthewholemorning,theboardofdirectors_______________(discuss)theresolutiontoincreasewagesinthecomingyear.Jason’sonlyrecreationispainting.He______________(learn)howtopaintforoverfiveyears.Eventhoughwelostthegame,weshouldbeproudofourselvesbecausewe______(try)ourbestand_______(work)asateam.hasbeendiscussinghasbeenlearningtriedworkedPracticeandApply：

Hefinally________(finish)theresearchpaperunderhistutor’sguidance.MynephewSam_________________(collect)comicbookssincehewasfive.Nowhehasmorethantwohundredofthem.Thecompany__________________________________(launch)anadvertisingcampaigntopromoteitscorporateima