第第頁浙江省寧波市海曙區2023-2024學年八年級下學期期末考試英語試題一、第二部分，語篇理解，第一節，閱讀理解，閱讀下面材料，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。（本題共15小題，每小題2分，共計30分）閱讀理解Readingagoodbookislikemakingagoodfriend.OnWorldReadingDay,studentsareaskedtosharetheirfavoritebooksonourschoolwebsite.Hereisoneofthem.GoodBookRecommendation(推薦)CardThePrinceandthePauper(乞丐)ByMarkTwain※ThewriterMarkTwainisoneofthebest-knownAmericanwritersinthe19hcentury.Hiswritingiscolorfulandexcellent.Throughhisworks,wecangetastrongfeelingofhumorandsatire(諷刺).※Theplot(情節)Itisastoryabouttwoboys,oneisaprinceandtheotherisapauper.Theylookalmostthesame.Oneday,theydecidetoexchange(交換)theirlives.Andtheybothliveaterriblelifeatfirst.Astimegoesby,theprincerealizesthesimplejoysofcommonlife.Meanwhile,thepauperearnsmorerespectfromothers.Intheend,theybothgobacktotheirownliveswithrichexperienceandanewfriend.※Recommendedby:LydiaInmyopinion,itisareallyinterestingandmeaningfulbook.Ittellsusthateveninahardenvironment,wecannotloseakindheart.Learntogetalongwithpeople,andcherishwhatwehave!Werecommendagoodbookeveryweek,especiallyforthestudentswholikereadingbooks.Ifyouwanttoshareyourfavoritebookwithus,pleaseemailusatbookclub@.Pleaseclickhereformorerecommendedgoodbooks.1．Whatisthenameofthebook'swriter?A．LewisCarroll. B．MarkTwain.C．DanielDefoe. D．J.K.Rowling.2．WhatcanwelearnfromtheplotofthePrinceandthePauper?A．Theprinceandthepauperexchangetheirlivesbymistake.B．Theprinceandthepauperliveaveryhappylifeatfirst.C．Theprinceandthepauperbothlearnalotfromtheexperience.D．Theprinceandthepauperdon'tlooklikeeachother.3．Whommaythisbookrecommendationbewrittenfor?A．Neighbors. B．Inventors. C．Climbers. D．Students.閱讀理解Inavillagelivedasuccessfulandrichbusinessman,namedJames.However,heoftenfeltunhappybecausehehadsomanyproblemseverydayanddidn'tknowhowtosolvethem.Oneday,anoldmancametothevillagewith100camels.It'ssaidhecouldsolveanyproblem.Jameswenttoseehimandsaid,"I'mveryunhappywithmylifebecauseofalotofproblems.Pleasetellmehowtosolvethem."Theoldmansaid,"I'llgiveyouananswertomorrow.Butfirst,canyoudomeafavor?"Jamesagreed.Theoldmanaskedhimtolookafterthe100camelsforthenight,makingsurethattheyallsatdownandrestedwell.Thenextmorning,theoldmanaskedJameshowhisnightwent.Jamesreplied,"Lastnight,Ididn'tsleepatall.ButIdidmakeallthecamelssitdownatlast.""Really?Whatdidyoudo?"Theoldmansmiledandasked.Jamesanswered,"Well,atfirst,Igavethemsomefoodandwater.Afterthat,aboutonethirdofthecamelssatdownandrested.ThenIcoveredthegroundwithdrygrassfortheirresting.Almostallthecamelssatdownexceptone.ThenIwaitedforalongtimeandhadnothingtodowiththeonlystandingcamel.SoItalkedtoitaboutmyproblemsandtoucheditsoftly.Finally,itfellasleep.""Actually,problemsarejustlikecamels-nomatterhowmanyproblemsyouhavetofaceeveryday,justtryyourbestand▲"saystheoldman.Jamesfeltasenseofunderstanding.Itchangedthewayhesawlife'sproblemsandhebecamehappierthanbefore.4．WhydidJamesoftenfeelunhappy?A．Becausehedidn'tknowhowtokeepthecamels.B．Becausehedidn'thaveenoughmoneytolivewell.C．Becausehehadtofacealotofproblemsinhislife.D．Becausehewantedtogetawayfromhisbusiness.5．Whatistherightorderofthestoryaccordingtothepassage?①Jamesstayedupallnighttotakecareofthecamels.②Jameswasaskedhowhisnightwent.③Jameschangedhiswaytowardsproblems.④Jamesaskedtheoldmantosolvehisproblems.A．④①②③ B．④①③② C．②④①③ D．②①③④6．Whatdoyouthinkoftheoldmanaccordingtothepassage?A．Dishonestbutclever. B．Richandstrong.C．Successfulandrich. D．Helpfulandsmart.7．Whichofthefollowingcanpossiblybeputinthe"▲"?A．problemswillbesolvedastimegoesby.B．comeupwithdifferentideastosolvethem.C．askothersforhelpwhenyou'reintrouble.D．makeallthecamelssitdownandrest.閱讀理解①Doyouoftenhelpyourparentsdoanychores?Doyouknowhowtostorethefoodinthefridgecorrectly?Infact,foodsafetyisimportant.However,eatingfoodnotkeptcorrectlycouldmakeyousick.Thefridgeisaperfectchoicetokeepfoodsafeandfresh,butitisnotamagicbox.Followthesetipsandlearnhowtostorefoodcorrectly.②Putyourfoodontherightshelf.Asweknow,inthefresh-keepingarea,thehighertheshelfis,thehigherthetemperaturewillbe.Sowecanmakeuseofdifferenttemperaturestokeepfoodfresh.Trytoputready-to-eatfoodlikeburgersorcreamcakesontopshelves.Themiddleshelvesaresuitablefordairyproducts(乳制品)suchasyogurt.Bottomshelvesareperfectforstoringraw(生的)meatandseafood.③Keeppropertemperature.Keepingfoodinthefridgedoesnotkillbacteria(細菌)butitcanstopthebacteriafromgrowingfast.Bacteriacangrowquicklyintemperaturesbetween5℃and60℃.Ifyouwanttogetthemostoutofyourfood,thetemperatureinyourfresh-keepingareaneedstobebetween0℃and5℃.Thefreezer(冷凍室)temperatureshouldbebelow-18℃.④Storethefruitandvegetablesatroomtemperature.Trytokeeptheminacool,dryanddarkplace,awayfromdirectsunlightorsourcesofheat.Oncecut,theyshouldbeputinthefridgeatonce.⑤Inaword,everyoneshouldpayattentiontofoodsafety.Hopethesetipscanhelpyoukeepyourfoodfreshforaslongaspossible.8．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceprobablymeaninPara.1?A．Thefridgecan'tkeepallthefoodsafeandfresh.B．Thefridgeisverymagicaltomakefoodfresh.C．Wehavenochoicebuttostorefoodinthefridge.D．Wecanputallkindsoffoodsinthefridge.9．Whichofthefollowingisacorrectwaytostorefood?A．Putmilkandcheeseontopshelves.B．Storeburgersandpizzaonbottomshelves.C．Keeppropertemperaturetoslowthegrowingofbacteria.D．Cutthefruitandstorethemattheroomtemperature.10．Whatisthewritingpurposeofthispassage?A．Toaskpeopletodomorechores.B．Toteachpeoplehowtostorefoodcorrectly.C．Totellpeopletheimportanceofthefridge.D．Toadvicepeopletoeatmorehealthyfood.11．Howistheabovepassageorganized?A． B．C． D．閱讀理解Doyouthinkitisnotbelievabletobringfishtospace?Haveyoueverimaginedraisingfishinspace?Recently,threeastronautsfromChinahavemadeitareality!OnApril26,threeastronautsinShenzhouXVIIImannedspaceship(神舟十八號載人航天飛船)successfullyenteredthespacestation.Theywillcarryoutmorethan90experiments(實驗)inspace,suchasmicrogravity(微重力)inspace,medicineandmanyothersciencetopics.Theastronautsbroughtafishtankfilledwithwatertothespacestation.Fourzebrafishandalgae(水藻)liveinsideit.Thealgaegivethefishoxygen(氧氣),keepingthemalive.Thetankcanalsofeedthefish,controlthetemperatureandlighting,andcollectfisheggsbyitself.Whyzebrafish?Becausetheyarequiteeasytofeedandtheyshare70%oftheirgenes(基因)withhumans."TheresultofthisexperimentisverypreciousforitisChina'sfirstspace-basedstudyofwaterecosystems(生態系統).Next,weplanonbringingmicetospace.We'llraisethemthereforawhileandthenbringthembacktoEarthforfurtherstudy,"aprofessortoldCCTVNews.Studyinganimalsinspacecanhelpscientistsknowhowthehumanbodyreactstospaceconditions.TheShenzhouXVIIIisexpectedtoreturntotheearthaftersixmonthsinspace.Rightnow,Chinaisgoingtofinishpickingitsnewastronauts.ThesenewastronautswilljointheteamalreadyworkingonspacestationtasksandhelpachieveChina'sfirstmannedlandingonthemoon.12．Thefishtankwastakenintospacestationtohelpastronauts____.A．raisefishandmice B．carryoutexperimentsC．entertaintheirfreetime D．provideenoughoxygen13．WhyarezebrafishchosentostudyinspaceaccordingtoPara.4?①Theyareeasytofeedinthespaceship.②Theyshareovertwo-thirdsofgeneswithhumans.③Theycanlivewithoutoxygeninthefishtank.④Theycancontrolthetemperatureandlighting.A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．③④14．Theabovepassageisprobablytakenfromthemagazine____.A． B．C． D．15．Thebesttitleofthepassagecouldbe____.A．FlyingtotheMoon B．RaisingMiceinSpaceC．TheFirstMannedLanding D．WorkingonSpaceExperiments二、第二部分，語篇理解，第二節任務型閱讀（本題共5小題，每小題2分，共計10分）請閱讀以下短文，從A、B、C、D、E五個選項中選擇相對應的小技巧，并回答第35題。Listeningisanimportantabilityinthecommunication.Withouttheabilityofeffective(有效的)listening,messagesareeasilymisunderstood.Ifthereisonecommunicationabilityyoushouldlearm,thenlisteningisit.Herearefourtipsforeffectivelistening.16．Whensomeoneisspeaking,it'stimetostopwhatelseyouaredoing,soyoucanfocusonlistening.Putyourphoneaway,turnawayfromyourcomputer,putasideyourthoughtsaboutwhatyou'regoingtohaveforlunch,andjustlistentowhatthey'resaying.17．Thereareanumberofsignstoshowthatyouarelistening.Forexample,whenpeoplearelisteningcarefully,theywillmakeeyecontactwiththespeaker,nod,andmakesoundssuchas‘Mm-hm'.Thismakesthespeakermorelikelytocontinue.18．Thewordsthatspeakerschooseareimportant.However,ahugeamountofcommunicationisnon-verbal(非語言的).Forexample,whenweareexcited,wewilltalkfaster,andmoreloudly,andthepitchofourvoicegoesup.Whenweareupsetaboutsomething,ourvoicesdrop,andwemayavoideyecontact.Soyoucanlistentonotonlywordsbutalsowhatthespeakersreallymean.19．Listeningdoesnotmeannevertalkingyourself.Animportantpartofthelisteningismakingsurethatyouhavefullyunderstoodthemessage.Askingquestionsisoneoftheeasiestwaystoshowthatyouarelisteningaswellaswhetheryouhaveunderstoodthemessageornot.A.Showthespeakeryouarelistening.B.Bepreparedtoaskformoreinformation.C.Startbystopping.D.Listenforbothwordsandmeaning—includingfeelings.E.Putyourselfinthespeaker'sshoes.Whichoftheabovefourtipsisthemosthelpfultoyou?Why?(回答不少于20詞)20．三、第三部分，語言運用，第一節完形填空（本題共15小題，每小題1分，共計15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Thirteen-year-oldOrionJeanisakindnessambassador(大使).TheTIME2021KidoftheYearisstillchangingtheworld."Youneverknowtheimpact(影響)thatone21．willmake,"hetellsTIMEforKids.Todate,Orionhasdonatedmorethan100,000mealsto22．familiesandmorethan500,000bookstokids.Hehasalsopublishedbooks.His23．bookwasAKidsBookAboutLeadership.It'sabout24．everyonecanbecomealeader."We25．feellikewehaveourlimitations(缺陷),"hesays."Ifweletgoofthat,forgetallofourshortcomingsorjustchoosenottoletthemholdusback,then26．canreachourfullpotential(潛能)."Orion'ssecondbookisRacetoKindness.It27．onMay7.Hesaysitshowshoweverybodycanbekind."Oneoftheeasiestwaystobekind,"Orionsays,"istojust28．togooutthereanddoit."In2020,Oriontookachance.Hewrotea29．aboutkindnessandentereditinacompetition.30．,hewon!Orionusedtheprizemoneytostartspreadinghiskindnessfarand31．.Forhisfirstcharityevent,Orioncollectedtoys.He32．toystotheDallasChildren'sHospital,inTexas."Thenursestoldmethatitwasthe33．donation(捐贈)theyhadeverreceivedintheirtimethere,andthatthekidsweregoingtobeso.34．,"Orionsays.Orion'slatestprojectistheRaceto1,000,000Kindnesses.It'sabout35．peoplegettingoutthereandspreadingkindness,"hesays.Orionishopingthat50oneyear,peoplewillperformamillionactsofkindness."Anythingispossiblewiththepowerofbelief,thepowerofkindness,"Orionsays."Justchoosetogooutthereandbekind."21．A．happiness B．kindness C．loneliness D．weakness22．A．rich B．poor C．lucky D．friendly23．A．first B．second C．next D．last24．A．why B．how C．when D．where25．A．all B．both C．either D．neither26．A．I B．they C．we D．you27．A．fixesup B．getsoffC．comesout D．takesdown28．A．prepare B．accept C．change D．choose29．A．speech B．diary C．note D．letter30．A．Suddenly B．Secretly C．Luckily D．Certainly31．A．long B．short C．low D．wide32．A．bought B．lent C．returned D．sent33．A．largest B．weakest C．quickest D．craziest34．A．afraid B．happy C．sad D．angry35．A．for B．with C．in D．by四、第三部分，語言運用，第二節詞匯運用（本題共15小題，每小題1分，共計15分）用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空，使短文通順、正確。每詞僅用一次（每空一詞）。sellholdmemorytheyhowJeffhascollectedmanythingsovertheyears,buthedoesn'tusesomeof36．anymore.Hethinksitagoodideatosellthem,soheplanstohaveayardsale.Thoughit'shardtosaygoodbyetocertainthings,hestillwantsto37．themtosomeonewhoneedsthematalowprice.Oneofthethingsheisgoingtosellishisbike.He38．thebikethreeyearsagoandhelearned39．torideabikeonit.It'shardforhimtosellthebikebecauseitishisfirstbikeanditalwaysbringsbacksomesweet40．tohim.Butthetruthisthathemayneveruseitagainanditdoestakeupalotofspace.根據短文內容和首字母提示，用單詞的正確形式完成以下短文。Thereisalwaysadiscussionaboutwhetherkidsshoulddochoresathomeornot.Manyparentsdecidetoa41．5656theirkidstoenjoytheirlifewhenthey'restillyoung.Theythinkitisaw42．oftimeforkidstodochores.Othersmaythinkchildrencan'tdothehouseworkwell.Theyseemtoberight,buttheydon'trealizethei43．ofgivingkidschores.Thereareseveralreasonswhyweshoulde44．kidstodochores.Choreshelpimprovelifes45．.They'reyoungnow,butwhentheygrowup,theyneedtodosomechores,suchaswashing,cooking,makingthebedands46．thefloor.Theycan'tlearnthematschool.Choreshelpkidslearntobeindependent.Cleaningtheirroomsorwashingtheirclothescanmakethemd47．lessonothers.Atthesametime,theywillthinktheycantakecareoft48．.Choreshelpkidsu49．theideaoffairness.Sincetheyliveinonehousewiththeirparents,theyshouldknowthateveryoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.Choreshelpkidslearntod50．withtime.Itfeelsliketherearealotofthingstodoinaday.Howtospendtimeonthem?Chorescanhelpkidslearntoplantheirtimeinarightway.五、第三部分，語言運用，第三節語法填空（本題共10小題，每小題1分，共計10分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當的詞，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。Chinesemedicinalcuisine(藥膳)hasalonghistoryanditis51．ancienthealingart.ItisoneofourChina's52．(nation)treasures.Chinesepeople53．(learn)thevalueofeatingfoodsincehundredsofyearsago.TheHuangdiNeijing,a54．(wide)knownbook,listshundredsofplant,animal,andchemicalingredientsandcontainsmanybasicideasofChinesefoodtherapy(食療).Thebookgivesadviceabout55．toeatcorrectlyfordifferenthealthconditions.Nowadays,withthespreadofChineseculture,moreandmorevisitorsbecome56．(interest)inmedicinalcuisineandfallinlove57．it.Ducksoup,whichisoneof58．(famous)Chinesemedicinalcuisines,isbelievedtohavethefunctionofgettingridofsummerheat.Itcan59．(offer)adelicioustasteinsteadofbitternesslikeTraditionalChinesemedicine.AsChineseteenagers,weshouldalwaysremembertotaketheresponsibilityfor60．(introduce)andspreadingChineseculturetotheworld.六、第四部分，書面表達（滿分20分）61．學校學生會正在招募志愿者，向外國來訪學生講中國故事，以弘揚中國傳統文化。假如你是李華，請你根據以下海報信息，用英語給校學生會寫封自薦信。VolunteerWantedDoyoulikestoriesofChina?AreyougoodatEnglish?WearelookingforvolunteerswhocantellChinesestoriesinEnglish!Wouldyouliketojoinus?Ifyouwanttobeoneofus,pleaseletusknow：What'syourpersonality(性格)?Whatareyouradvantages(優勢)?Whywouldyouliketobeavolunteer?E-mailusatstoriesofchina@StudentsWnion注意：（1）文中不得出現真實姓名，學校等信息；（2）內容須包含以上信息，可適當發揮；（3）字數70詞左右，首尾句已給出，不計入總詞數。DearSir/Madam，I'mLiHua.I'dliketojoininyourvolunteerwork.Nowletmeintroducemyself.……IwillbereallyhonoredifIcanbeoneofyou.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．C3．D【解析】【分析】這篇文章主要講述了在"世界讀書日"這一天，學校網站上的一項活動，即學生們被邀請分享他們最喜歡的書籍。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。1．細節理解題。根據文中ThePrinceandthePauper(乞丐)ByMarkTwain(《王子和乞丐》馬克·吐溫)可知，這本書的作者叫馬克·吐溫。故選B。2．推理判斷題。根據文中Intheend,theybothgobacktotheirownliveswithrichexperienceandanewfriend.(最后,他們都帶著豐富的經驗和一個新朋友回到了各自的生活。)可知，王子和乞丐都從這次經歷中學到了很多。故選C。3．細節理解題。根據文中Werecommendagoodbookeveryweek,especiallyforthestudentswholikereadingbooks(我們每周推薦一本好書，尤其是給喜歡看書的同學。)可知，這本書是推薦給學生的。故選D。【答案】4．C5．A6．D7．B【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了一位智者通過讓駱駝睡覺的故事告訴了詹姆斯一個道理：生活中充滿了問題，有的可以通過努力解決，有的最終自己會解決，要用平常心面對。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。首先通讀全文，了解全文大意，其次分析問題，抓住問題關鍵詞，在文中尋找相關信息，確定答案。4．細節理解題。根據"However,heoftenfeltunhappybecausehehadsomanyproblemseverydayanddidn'tknowhowtosolvethem."可知,然而，他經常感到不開心，因為他每天都有很多問題，不知道如何解決。故選C。5．推理判斷題。根據"I'mveryunhappywithmylifebecauseofalotofproblems.Pleasetellmehowtosolvethem."和"Thenextmorning,theoldmanaskedJameshowhisnightwent.Jamesreplied,‘Lastnight,Ididn'tsleepatall.ButIdidmakeallthecamelssitdownatlast."以及"Jamesfeltasenseofunderstanding.Itchangedthewayhesawlife'sproblemsandhebecamehappierthanbefore."可知,事情的發展順序是:④詹姆斯請老人解決他的問題；①詹姆斯為了照顧駱駝徹夜未眠；②有人問詹姆斯晚上過得怎么樣；③詹姆斯改變了處理問題的方式。故選A。6．推理判斷題。通讀文章可知，詹姆斯請求幫助。老者讓詹姆斯照看這些駱駝一夜，確保它們都坐下休息好。第二天，老者通過詹姆斯的經歷告訴他，面對問題就像對待駱駝一樣，盡力而為即可。所以我認為老人樂于助人且聰明。故選D。7．推理判斷題。根據"Actually,problemsarejustlikecamels-nomatterhowmanyproblemsyouhavetofaceeveryday,justtryyourbestand…(事實上，問題就像駱駝，無論你每天要面對多少問題，只要盡你最大的努力…)"可知,此處在描述如何解決問題，B選"想出不同的主意來解決它們。"符合語境。故選B。【答案】8．A9．C10．B11．D【解析】【分析】本文主要介紹了一些在冰箱里儲存食物的技巧。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。注意首先理解問題所問，帶著問題從原文找到答案。8．詞句猜測題。根據"Thefridgeisaperfectchoicetokeepfoodsafeandfresh,butitisnotamagicbox."可知，冰箱是保持食物安全和新鮮的完美選擇，根據but可知劃線句子表示轉折，與之前句意相反，應該是說"冰箱不能保證所有食物的安全和新鮮"。故選A。9．細節理解題。根據"Keeppropertemperature.Keepingfoodinthefridgedoesnotkillbacteria(細菌)butitcanstopthebacteriafromgrowingfast."可知，保持適當的溫度。把食物放在冰箱里不會殺死細菌，但可以阻止細菌快速生長。故選C。10．推理判斷題。根據"Followthesetipsandlearnhowtostorefoodcorrectly.（遵循這些提示，學習如何正確儲存食物。）"可知，本文主要介紹了一些在冰箱里儲存食物的技巧。故選B。11．篇章結構題。通讀文章可知，第一段引出食物儲存的話題；第二三四段介紹儲存食物的方法；第五段總結，因此文章的結構是總分總。故選D。【答案】12．B13．A14．C15．D【解析】【分析】短文主要介紹了中國三名宇航員在神舟十八號載人飛船任務中，成功將一個裝有水、斑馬魚和藻類的魚缸帶入空間站。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。首先要通讀全文，了解文章大意，緊緊抓住上下文語境所提供的信息，然后明確詞意，結合排除法逐一選出答案，最后再通讀全文，核對答案。12．細節理解題。根據Theywillcarryoutmorethan90experiments(實驗)inspace,suchasmicrogravity(微重力)inspace,medicineandmanyothersciencetopics.(他們將在太空中進行90多項實驗，如太空微重力、醫學和許多其他科學主題。)和Theastronautsbroughtafishtankfilledwithwatertothespacestation.(宇航員把一個裝滿水的魚缸帶到了空間站。)可知，魚缸被帶進空間站幫助宇航員是為了進行實驗。故選B。13．細節理解題。根據Whyzebrafish?Becausetheyarequiteeasytofeedandtheyshare70%oftheirgenes(基因)withhumans."(為什么是斑馬魚?因為它們很容易喂養，而且它們與人類有70%的基因相同。")可知，選擇斑馬魚進行太空研究是因為①它們在宇宙飛船里很容易喂養;②它們與人類有超過三分之二的基因相同。故選A。14．文章出處題。通讀全文可知，尤其根據第一段Doyouthinkitisnotbelievabletobringfishtospace?Haveyoueverimaginedraisingfishinspace?Recently,threeastronautsfromChinahavemadeitareality!(你認為把魚帶到太空是不可信的嗎?你想象過在太空養魚嗎?最近，來自中國的三名宇航員使它成為了現實!)可知，上面這段話可能是摘自雜志得太空部分。故選C。15．標題歸納題。閱讀全文，根據OnApril26,threeastronautsinShenzhouXlllmannedspaceship(神舟十八號載人航天飛船)successfullyenteredthespacestation.Theywillcaryoutmorethan90experiments(實驗)inspace，suchasmicrogravity(微重力)inspace,medicineandmanyothersciencetopics.(4月26日，神舟十八號載人飛船中的三名宇航員成功進入空間站。他們將在太空中進行90多項實驗，如太空微重力、醫學和許多其他科學主題。)可知，這篇文章最好的標題是從事太空實驗。故選D。【答案】16．C；17．A；18．D；19．B；20．IthinkstartingbystoppingisthemosthelpfulbecauseitcanshowmypolitenessandtellothersIamlisteningcarefully(21詞).【解析】【分析】本文主要介紹了什么是積極傾聽以及積極傾聽的建議。

【點評】考查任務型閱讀。做題時結合原文和題目有針對性找出相關語句進行仔細分析，保證上下文意思通順，結合選項選出正確答案。16．根據"Whensomeoneisspeaking,it'stimetostopwhatelseyouaredoing,soyoucanfocusonlistening."可知，本段介紹先停下手頭的事情在開始，C選項"從停止開始。"符合語境。故選C。17．根據"Thereareanumberofsignstoshowthatyouarelistening.（有許多跡象表明你在聽。）"可知,本段介紹告訴說話的人你在傾聽，A選項"告訴說話者你正在聽。"符合語境。故選A。18．根據"Soyoucanlistentonotonlywordsbutalsowhatthespeakersreallymean.（所以你不僅可以聽單詞，還可以聽說話者的真實意思。）"可知,本段介紹傾聽語言和它背后真正的意思，D選項"傾聽單詞和意思——包括感覺。"符合語境。故選D。19．根據"Askingquestionsisoneoftheeasiestwaystoshowthatyouarelisteningaswellaswhetheryouhaveunderstoodthemessageornot.（提問是表明你在聽以及你是否理解了信息的最簡單方法之一。）"可知,本段介紹傾聽也可以提問，B選項"準備好詢問更多信息。"符合語境。故選B。20．開放性習題，答案不唯一，參考答案為IthinkstartingbystoppingisthemosthelpfulbecauseitcanshowmypolitenessandtellothersIamlisteningcarefully.【答案】21．B；22．B；23．A；24．B；25．A；26．C；27．C；28．D；29．A；30．C；31．D；32．D；33．A；34．B；35．C【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了13歲的奧利安·吉恩做善事的故事。

【點評】考查完形填空。首先通讀全文，了解文章大意，緊緊抓住上下文語境所提供的信息，然后明確詞意，結合所學語法，運用排除法逐一選出答案，最后再通讀全文核對答案。21．句意：你永遠不知道一個善舉會產生怎樣的影響。happiness開心；kindness善良；loneliness孤獨；weakness弱點。根據"Orionhasdonatedmorethan100,000meals"可知，此處指的是"善舉產生的影響"。故選B。22．句意：迄今為止，奧利安已經向貧困家庭捐贈了超過100000份食物，向孩子們捐贈了超過500000本書。rich富裕的；poor貧窮的；lucky幸運的；friendly友好的。根據"Orionhasdonatedmorethan100,000meals"可知，此處指的是"向貧困家庭捐贈食物"。故選B。23．句意：他的第一本書是《一本關于領導力的兒童讀物》。first第一；second第二；next下一個；last最后。根據"Orion'ssecondbookisRacetoKindness."可知，此處指的是"他的第一本書"，故選A。24．句意：這是關于每個人如何成為領導者。why為什么；how怎樣；when什么時候；where哪里。根據"…bookwasAKidsBookAboutleadership."可知，此處描述的是"如何成為領導者"。故選B。25．句意：我們都覺得自己有局限性。all所有；both兩者都；either兩者中的任何一個；neither兩者都不,根據"Ifweletgoofthat,forgetallofourshortcomingsorjustchoosenottoletthemholdusback,then…canreachourfullpotential(潛能).（如果我們放手，忘記我們所有的缺點，或者選擇不讓它們阻礙我們，那么……就可以充分發揮我們的潛力。）"可知，此處指的是"我們所有人"，應該用all。故選A。26．句意：如果我們放下這些，忘記我們所有的缺點，或者選擇不讓它們阻礙我們，那么我們就能充分發揮我們的潛力。I我；they他們；we我們；you你。根據···canreachourfullpotential(潛能)."可知，此處說的是我們，所以此處指"我們"發揮我們的潛能。故選C。27．句意：它將于5月7日出版。fixesup修理；getsoff下車；comesout出版；takesdown記下。根據"Orion'ssecondbookisRacetoKindness."可知，此處指的是"第二本書出版"。故選C。28．句意：就是選擇走出去去做。prepare準備；accept接受；change改變；choose選擇。根據"…togooutthereanddoit.以及In2020,Oriontookachance"可知,此處指的是"選擇走出去做"。故選D。29．句意：他寫了一篇關于善良的演講，并參加了一場比賽。speech演講；diary日記；note筆記；letter信。根據"…aboutkindnessandentereditinacompetition."可知，此處指的是"一篇演講稿"，參加比賽需要演講稿。故選A。30．句意：幸運的是，他贏了！Suddenly突然；Secretly秘密地；luckily幸運地；Certainly必然地。根據"hewon!"可知,這是一件幸運的事情。故選C。31．句意：奧利安用獎金開始將他的善舉廣為傳播。long長的；short短的；low低的；wide廣的。根據"startspreadinghiskindnessfarand…"可知，此處指的是"廣為傳播他的善舉"。故選D。32．句意：他把玩具送到了德克薩斯州的達拉斯兒童醫院。bought買；lent借；returned返回；sent送。根據"Thenursestoldmethatitwasthe…donation(捐贈)theyhadeverreceivedintheirtimethere"可知,此處應該是"給兒童醫院送去了玩具"。故選D。33．句意：護士們告訴我，這是她們在那里工作期間收到的最大一筆捐贈，孩子們會非常高興的。largest最大的；weakest最弱的；quickest最快的；craziest最瘋狂的。根據"…donation(捐贈)theyhadeverreceivedintheirtimethere"可知,此處是最高級，且結合上文用獎金做善舉，此處應該指的是"收到的最大一筆捐贈"。故選A。34．句意：護士們告訴我，這是她們在那里工作期間收到的最大一筆捐贈，孩子們會非常高興的。afraid害怕的；happy開心的；sad傷心的；angry生氣的。根據"…toystotheDallasChildren'sHospital"可知，收到玩具孩子們肯定很開心。故選B。35．句意：奧利安希望在一年內，人們會做一百萬件好事。for為了；with和；in在……里面；by通過。根據"oneyear"可知，后接時間，應用in，表達"在一年之內"，故選C。【答案】36．them；37．sell；38．held；39．how；40．memories【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了杰夫這些年來收集了許多東西，但是他不再使用其中的一些了，所以他計劃進行一次庭院甩賣。

sell賣；hold擁有；memory記憶；they他們；how如何。

【點評】考查選詞填空。根據短文大意和語境選擇合適的單詞，填入空白處，使補全后的短文意思通順，語法正確，結構完整，注意單詞的適當形式。36．句意：杰夫這些年來收集了許多東西，但是他不再使用其中的一些了。介詞后跟賓語，用they的賓格them代指manythings。故填them。37．句意：雖然很難對某些東西說再見，但他仍然想把它們低價賣給需要它們的人。根據"atalowprice"可知，此處指的是"以低價賣給需要它們的人"，sell意為"賣",與空前to構成不定式。故填sell。38．句意：三年前他擁有了這輛自行車，并學會了如何騎自行車。根據threeyearsago可知三年前就擁有這輛車,hold意為"擁有",此處用動詞過去式held。故填held。39．句意：三年前他擁有了這輛自行車，并學會了如何騎自行車。根據"…torideabikeonit."可知，此處指的是"學會如何騎車"，用"疑問詞how+不定式"。故填how。40．句意：對他來說，賣掉這輛自行車很難，因為這是他的第一輛自行車，它總能給他帶來一些美好的回憶。根據"bringsbacksomesweet…"以及所給單詞可知，此處指的是"帶來一些美好的回憶"，memories意為"回憶"，用可數名詞復數形式。故填memories。【答案】41．allow；42．waste；43．importance；44．encourage；45．skills；46．sweeping；47．depend；48．themselves；49．understand；50．deal【解析】【分析】文章討論了孩子是否應該在家做家務的議題，提出了鼓勵孩子參與家務的重要性，因為這有助于他們培養生活技能、獨立性、公平意識和時間管理能力。

【點評】考查單詞拼寫。學習中要注意加強記憶，包括單詞的拼寫以及單詞的意思。41．句意：許多父母決定讓他們的孩子在他們還小的時候享受生活。根據句意結合首字母提示可知,此處應為固定用法allowsbtodosth,意為"允許某人做某事",此處為todo不定式,因而allow應為原形。故答案為allow。42．句意：他們認為讓孩子做家務是浪費時間。根據句意結合首字母提示，名詞waste"浪費"符合語境，awasteoftime，浪費時間，固定短語。故答案為waste。43．句意：但他們沒有意識到給孩子分配家務的重要性。根據Thereareseveralreasonswhyweshould可知，給孩子分配家務是很重要的，名詞important"重要的"符合語境，the后接名詞，應用importance。故答案為importance。44．句意：有幾個原因我們應該鼓勵孩子做家務。根據前文主張家務的重要性可知，此處指應該鼓勵孩子做家務，動詞encourage"鼓勵"符合語境,前有情態動詞should,encourage應為原形。故答案為encourage。45．句意：家務可以幫助提高生活技能。根據常識可知，做家務可以幫助提高生活技能，名詞skill"技能"符合語境，表示家務可以幫助提高生活技能，skill是可數名詞,此處前無冠詞,因而空處應為skill的復數skills。故答案為skills。46．句意：他們現在還小，但是當他們長大后，他們需要做一些家務，比如洗衣服、做飯、鋪床和擦地板。根據句意結合首字母，此處應是表達"掃地",sweepthefloor意為"掃地",固定短語。as為介詞，因而sweep需填入一個動名詞形式sweeping。故答案為sweeping。47．句意：清理自己的房間或洗自己的衣服可以讓他們更少依賴別人。根據句意結合首字母提示,動詞depend"依賴"符合語境,dependon是固定用法，意為"依賴"；make為使役動詞，因而應為動詞原形作賓補,depend應為其原形。故答案為depend。48．句意：同時，他們會覺得他們能夠照顧好他們自己。根據句意結合首字母提示，此處應是表達"他們能照顧好他們自己"，themselves"他們自己"符合語境。故答案為themselves。49．句意：家務可以幫助孩子理解公平的概念。根據句意結合首字母提示，動詞understand"理解"符合語境,helpsbdosth"幫助某人做某事",固定短語。因而understand應為其原形。故答案為understand。50．句意：家務可以幫助孩子學會如何處理時間。根據句意結合首字母提示，動詞deal"處理"符合語境,dealw