2025PETS二級試卷：量子計算英語試題考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、詞匯與語法要求：選出與括號中劃線部分意思相近的詞或短語。1.Thequantumcomputerhasthepotentialtorevolutionizevariousfieldssuchascryptography,medicine,andlogistics.A.alterB.revolutionizeC.changeD.modify2.Quantumentanglementallowsparticlestobelinked,sothatthestateofoneparticleinstantlyinfluencesthestateofanother,regardlessofthedistancebetweenthem.A.bondB.connectC.linkD.tie3.Quantumbits,orqubits,arethebasicbuildingblocksofquantumcomputers,andtheycanexistinmultiplestatessimultaneouslyduetotheprincipleofsuperposition.A.principlesB.lawsC.postulatesD.foundations4.Quantumcomputingisexpectedtobeagame-changerinsolvingcomplexproblemsthatarecurrentlybeyondthereachofclassicalcomputers.A.game-changerB.revolutionaryC.transformationalD.groundbreaking5.Quantumerrorcorrectionisessentialformaintainingthestabilityandreliabilityofquantumcomputers.A.essentialB.fundamentalC.necessaryD.vital6.Quantumalgorithmsaredesignedtotakeadvantageoftheuniquepropertiesofquantumcomputerstosolvespecificproblemsmoreefficientlythanclassicalalgorithms.A.uniqueB.peculiarC.particularD.distinctive7.Quantumcryptographyensuressecurecommunicationbyusingtheprinciplesofquantummechanicstoprotectdatafromeavesdropping.A.principlesB.lawsC.postulatesD.foundations8.Quantumteleportationisaphenomenonthatallowsthetransferofquantuminformationfromonelocationtoanotherwithoutthephysicaltransferofparticles.A.transferB.transmissionC.conveyanceD.dispatch9.Quantumcomputerscansimulatecomplexquantumsystems,whichiscrucialfordrugdiscoveryandmaterialscience.A.crucialB.essentialC.vitalD.necessary10.Quantumalgorithmshavethepotentialtooutperformclassicalalgorithmsforcertaintasks,suchasfactoringlargenumbers.A.outperformB.excelC.surpassD.exceed二、閱讀理解要求：閱讀以下短文，并根據短文內容回答問題。Quantumcomputersareexpectedtohaveasignificantimpactonvariousfields,includingcryptography,optimization,anddrugdiscovery.Oneofthekeyadvantagesofquantumcomputersistheirabilitytoperformcalculationsatanunprecedentedspeed,whichcansolvecomplexproblemsthatarecurrentlybeyondthereachofclassicalcomputers.Quantumcomputersutilizequbits,whicharethebasicunitsofquantuminformation.Unlikeclassicalbits,whichcanonlyexistinastateof0or1,qubitscanexistinmultiplestatessimultaneouslyduetotheprincipleofsuperposition.Thisallowsquantumcomputerstoperformcalculationsinparallel,makingthemmuchfasterthanclassicalcomputersforcertaintasks.Oneofthemostpromisingapplicationsofquantumcomputingisinthefieldofcryptography.Quantumcomputershavethepotentialtobreakmanyoftheencryptionalgorithmsthatarecurrentlyusedtosecuredataandcommunications.However,researchersareworkingondevelopingquantum-resistantencryptionalgorithmsthatcanwithstandattacksfromquantumcomputers.Anotherimportantapplicationofquantumcomputingisinoptimizationproblems.Quantumalgorithmscanefficientlysolvecomplexoptimizationproblems,suchasthoseencounteredinlogistics,finance,andenergy.Byfindingtheoptimalsolutionstotheseproblems,quantumcomputerscanhelpbusinessessavetimeandmoney,aswellasreduceenvironmentalimpact.Inthefieldofdrugdiscovery,quantumcomputerscansimulatecomplexquantumsystems,whichiscrucialforunderstandingthebehaviorofmoleculesandpredictingtheirinteractions.Thiscanacceleratetheprocessofdrugdevelopment,leadingtonewtreatmentsfordiseasesthatarecurrentlyincurable.However,therearestillchallengestobeaddressedbeforequantumcomputerscanbewidelyadopted.Oneofthemainchallengesisthedevelopmentofquantumerrorcorrectiontechniquestoprotectagainsterrorsinquantumcomputations.Additionally,thecurrentgenerationofquantumcomputersislimitedbytheirrelativelysmallsizeandtheneedforextremecoolingconditions.11.Whatisthemainadvantageofquantumcomputersoverclassicalcomputers?A.Theyarefasteratperformingcalculations.B.Theycaneasilybescaleduptolargersizes.C.Theyrequirelessenergytooperate.D.Theyaremorecost-effective.12.Whyisquantumcomputingconsideredagame-changerinthefieldofcryptography?A.Itcanbreakmanyoftheencryptionalgorithmscurrentlyused.B.Itcancreatenewencryptionalgorithmsthataremoresecure.C.Itcaneasilyencryptanddecryptlargeamountsofdata.D.Itcanprocessdataathigherspeedsthanclassicalcomputers.13.Howcanquantumcomputershelpbusinessessavetimeandmoney?A.Byoptimizinglogisticsandsupplychainmanagement.B.Bydevelopingnewtechnologiesandproducts.C.Byimprovingcommunicationanddatastorage.D.Byreducingtheneedforphysicalinfrastructure.14.Whatisthemainchallengeindevelopingquantumcomputers?A.Thedevelopmentofquantumerrorcorrectiontechniques.B.Theneedforextremecoolingconditions.C.Thelimitedsizeofcurrentquantumcomputers.D.Thehighcostofquantumcomputinghardware.15.Whichofthefollowingisapotentialapplicationofquantumcomputersinthefieldofdrugdiscovery?A.Simulatingcomplexquantumsystemstounderstandmolecularbehavior.B.Developingnewencryptionalgorithmsforsecuredatastorage.C.Optimizinglogisticsandsupplychainmanagement.D.Improvingcommunicationanddatastorage.四、完形填空要求：閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Quantumcomputingisanexcitingandrapidlyevolvingfieldthathasthepotentialtorevolutionizemanyaspectsofourlives.Itisbasedontheprinciplesofquantummechanics,whichdescribethebehaviorofparticlesatthesmallestscales.Unlikeclassicalcomputers,whichusebitstostoreandprocessinformation,quantumcomputersusequbits.Thesequbitscanexistinmultiplestatessimultaneously,thankstotheprincipleofsuperposition,whichallowsthemtoperformcomplexcalculationsmuchfasterthanclassicalcomputers.Oneofthemostsignificantapplicationsofquantumcomputingisinthefieldofcryptography.Quantumcomputershavetheabilitytobreakmanyoftheencryptionalgorithmsthatarecurrentlyusedtosecuredataandcommunications.Thishasledtothedevelopmentofquantum-resistantencryptionalgorithms,whicharedesignedtobesecureagainstattacksfromquantumcomputers.However,thedevelopmentofthesealgorithmsisstillinitsearlystages.Anotherareawherequantumcomputingshowsgreatpromiseisinoptimizationproblems.Theseproblemsarecommoninfieldssuchaslogistics,finance,andenergy,wherefindingthebestsolutioncanbecomputationallyexpensive.Quantumalgorithmscanefficientlysolvetheseproblems,potentiallysavingbusinessestimeandmoney.Quantumcomputersalsohavethepotentialtorevolutionizedrugdiscovery.Bysimulatingcomplexquantumsystems,researcherscangaininsightsintothebehaviorofmoleculesandpredicttheirinteractions.Thiscouldleadtothedevelopmentofnewdrugsandtreatmentsfordiseasesthatarecurrentlyincurable.Despitethesepromisingapplications,therearesignificantchallengestobeovercome.Oneofthebiggestchallengesistheissueofquantumerrorcorrection.Quantumcomputationsarepronetoerrors,andwithouteffectiveerrorcorrection,theaccuracyoftheresultscanbecompromised.Additionally,quantumcomputersrequireextremelylowtemperaturestooperate,whichmakesthemdifficulttomaintainandscaleup.16.Theword"evolving"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.developingB.expandingC.changingD.improving17.Theauthormentionsquantum-resistantencryptionalgorithmsinorderto:A.explainthepotentialofquantumcomputingincryptographyB.discussthelimitationsofcurrentencryptionalgorithmsC.highlighttheneedfornewencryptiontechniquesD.comparequantumcomputingwithclassicalcomputing18.Thephrase"potentiallysavingbusinessestimeandmoney"inthesecondparagraphisusedto:A.emphasizetheimportanceofoptimizationproblemsB.describethebenefitsofquantumcomputinginbusinessC.explainthechallengesofimplementingquantumcomputingD.discusstheenvironmentalimpactofquantumcomputing19.Theword"compromised"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.improvedB.damagedC.enhancedD.stabilized20.Theauthorsuggeststhatquantumcomputerscouldleadtothedevelopmentofnewdrugsby:A.reducingthecostofdrugdiscoveryB.increasingthespeedofmolecularsimulationsC.providingmoreaccuratepredictionsofmolecularinteractionsD.usingquantum-resistantencryptionfordatasecurity五、翻譯要求：將下列句子從英語翻譯成漢語。1.Quantumcomputershavethepotentialtosolvecomplexproblemsthatarecurrentlybeyondthereachofclassicalcomputers.2.Quantumalgorithmscanefficientlysolveoptimizationproblems,whicharecommoninfieldssuchaslogistics,finance,andenergy.3.Quantumerrorcorrectionisessentialformaintainingthestabilityandreliabilityofquantumcomputers.4.Thedevelopmentofquantum-resistantencryptionalgorithmsiscrucialforprotectingdatafromquantumcomputerattacks.5.Quantumcomputershavethepotentialtorevolutionizemanyaspectsofourlives,fromcryptographytodrugdiscovery.六、寫作要求：根據以下提示，寫一篇不少于100詞的短文。1.介紹量子計算的基本原理。2.討論量子計算在各個領域的潛在應用。3.分析量子計算目前面臨的挑戰。4.表達你對量子計算未來發展的看法。本次試卷答案如下：一、詞匯與語法1.C解析：A.alter改變，B.revolutionize革命化，C.change改變，D.modify修改。根據句意，量子計算機有潛力改變多個領域，故選C。2.C解析：A.bond結合，B.connect連接，C.link連接，D.tie捆綁。根據句意，量子糾纏使得粒子連接在一起，故選C。3.A解析：A.principles原則，B.laws法律，C.postulates假設，D.foundations基礎。根據句意，量子位是量子計算機的基本單元，故選A。4.B解析：A.game-changer改變游戲規則的人或事物，B.revolutionary革命的，C.transformational變革性的，D.groundbreaking劃時代的。根據句意，量子計算有望成為解決復雜問題的游戲規則改變者，故選B。5.D解析：A.essential重要的，B.fundamental基本的，C.necessary必要的，D.vital至關重要的。根據句意，量子糾錯對于維持量子計算機的穩定性和可靠性至關重要，故選D。6.A解析：A.unique獨特的，B.peculiar奇怪的，C.particular特別的，D.distinctive獨特的。根據句意，量子算法旨在利用量子計算機的獨特性質，故選A。7.A解析：A.principles原則，B.laws法律，C.postulates假設，D.foundations基礎。根據句意，量子密碼學使用量子力學的原理來保護數據免受竊聽，故選A。8.B解析：A.transfer轉移，B.transmission傳輸，C.conveyance傳送，D.dispatch派遣。根據句意，量子隱形傳態允許將量子信息從一地傳輸到另一地，故選B。9.A解析：A.crucial極重要的，B.essential基本的，C.vital至關重要的，D.necessary必要的。根據句意，量子計算機可以模擬復雜的量子系統，這對于藥物發現和材料科學至關重要，故選A。10.C解析：A.outperform超過，B.excel優秀，C.surpass勝過，D.exceed超過。根據句意，量子算法有潛力在某些任務上勝過經典算法，故選C。二、閱讀理解11.A解析：根據第一段最后一句，“quantumcomputerscanperformcalculationsatanunprecedentedspeed”，可知量子計算機在計算速度上具有超越經典計算機的優勢。12.A解析：根據第三段第一句，“Quantumcomputershavetheabilitytobreakmanyoftheencryptionalgorithmsthatarecurrentlyusedtosecuredataandcommunications”，可知量子計算機能夠破解許多當前用于保護數據和通信的加密算法。13.A解析：根據第二段最后一句，“Quantumalgorithmscanefficientlysolvecomplexoptimizationproblems,suchasthoseencounteredinlogistics,finance,andenergy”，可知量子算法可以高效地解決諸如物流、金融和