8大句子成分sntenceconstituents主句首動作發出者謂實意動詞助動詞+V情態動詞+V賓動+賓介+賓表系動詞之后be感官系動詞狀態系動詞表象系動詞變化系動詞定修飾限定名詞狀補賓語補足語系動詞動詞短語同對名詞補充，解釋說明對賓語補充說明修飾形容詞，動詞，副詞或整個句子，進一步說明動作的狀態，方式，時間，處所，程度，方式，原因，目的，結果和伴隨情況等主1)[]The

students

alllovetheirEnglishteacher.2)[]WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyoureyes.3)[]They

comefromthecountryside.4)[]Itisveryhard

tounderstandtheoldman.5)[]WhetherthereislifeontheMarkisstillunknown.6)[]Environmentalprotectionisofvitalimportance.n.doingpron.todo句子主語：放在__________，動作發出者句首名短謂1)[]Theyalwaysignoretheirchildren.2)[]Shelivedin

atinyhousewithherpuppy.3)[]Heisateacher!4)[]Wecan’tbeaddictedtogamestoomuch.5)[]Theywereplayingonthebeach.6)[]ShealwaysturneddownTVat9p.m.

vt.vi.系情態+v助+v放在__________，可做謂語的只有_______，表示主語發出的動作，說明主語是什么或狀態的詞。主語之后動詞動短________：____________________1)[]IlikeChinesecuisineverymuch.2)[]Hecertainlydidnotwanttojoinus.3)[]Weexpectedthatmorepeoplewilljoinus.4)[]Iamfondofappreciatingthemoonwithmyfriends.5)[]Theydecidedtorefusetheirproposals.6)[]WearetalkingaboutTeacher’sDay.賓實意動詞后動作承受者介詞之后n.pro.句子doingtodo名短1)[]Theyaretourguides.2)[]Thaticecreamtasteswonderful.3)[]Theexquisitegiftsaretheirs.4)[]Myluckynumberis10.5)[]Ourgoalistocarveastonestatue.6)[]Whatshelikesmostisreadingaloneinlibrary.7)[]ThereasonwhyIamlateisthatmymotherisill.表系動詞n.v-ingtodo數詞pro.adj.句子表語：放在___________之后的成分感官:sound,taste,smell,feel,touch變化:turn,get變得，become,grow狀態:stay,keep,remain保持表象：seem,appearbe:amisarewaswere定語：修飾___________________,相當于______________的作用。1)[]Theyaredistinguishedbridgedesigner.2)[]Themanwhoistalkingwithourteacherisheadmaster.3)[]Whatistheboxonthechair?4)[]Couldyoubringmesomethingtodrink?5)[]Doyouknowthegirlstandingherealone?6)[]ThebookwrittenbyWangLiisahitamongtheyoung.7)[]Therearesomeexcellentcitiesfamousforfood.8)[]Thisisabrokenvase.定名詞或名詞詞組adj.句子介短todov-ingvp.p.形容詞短語形容詞vp.p.1)[]Unluckily，Ilostallmyluggage.2)[]IfIstudyhard,Iwillliveabetterlifeinthefuture.3)[]Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.4)[]TheywenttoShanghaitohaveameeting.5)[]Pleaseparkthecarinfrontofthebuilding.6)[]Seenfromthetop,themountainislarge.7)[]Thoughshehasalotofmoney,sheisunhappy.8)[]Intheclassroom,therearemanystudents.9)[]Safeandsound,wewenthome.狀adv句子V-ingTodo介短vp.p.句子介短狀語的作用是修飾形容詞，動詞，副詞或整個句子，進一步說明動作的狀態，方式，時間，處所，程度，方式，原因，目的，結果和伴隨情況等。adj

1)[]Hismotheralwaysaskshimtohelpherwithhousework.2)[]Isawhimcleaningthewindowyesterday.3)[]Iwillhavemycarwashedtomorrow.4)[]Weshouldalwayskeepourroomsclean.5)[]Wefoundhimatschool.6)[]Don’tmakeeverybodyyourenemy!賓補todov-ingv-p.p.adj.賓語補足語：即賓語的補語，對賓語________________。介短名詞/名短補充說明同

1)[]Mr.Liu,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.2)[]Westudentsshouldstudyhard.3)[]Marytoldusthenewsthattheirteamhadwonthematch.名短名詞句子同位語：對一個名詞或名詞短語進行__________________的成分。解釋，補充說明長難句分析長難句到底難在哪里？（1）加了較多修飾成分，比如：介詞短語、形容詞短語、非謂語動詞等。（2）含有三大從句的復合句(名詞性從句、定語從句、狀語從句)。（3）并列成分、對等結構、插入語等的存在。（4）特殊句式的使用：倒裝、強調句型和省略。4.理順邏輯讀懂句意

3.括出修飾成分2.圈出句中連詞1.劃出句子主干

怎樣分析長難句？trunk（s+v）謂語動詞branches并列連詞、從屬連詞根據連詞/位置確定從句類leaves減少干擾

注意英漢差異：后置定語、狀語三長兩短一平行的標記原則主干三長兩短一平行主謂SV介詞短語非謂語短語從句形容詞副詞并列結構主謂賓SVO主謂賓賓SVOO主謂賓補SVOC主系表SLPCompulsory(括號原則)不做標記△下劃線1.劃出句子主干找謂語動詞簡單謂語是由一個行為動詞構成的，比較容易識別。復合謂語包括“情態動詞+動詞原形”、“系動詞+表語”、動詞短語及被動語態(bedone)、進行時態(bedoing)、完成時態(has/havedone)、將來時態(willdo/begoingtodo)等。時態主動語態被動語態一般現在時①am/is/are;②do/doesam/is/aredone一般過去時①was/were;②didwas/weredone一般將來時willdowillbedone過去將來時woulddowouldbedone現在進行時am/is/aredoingam/is/arebeingdone過去進行時was/weredoingwas/werebeingdone將來進行時willbedoing現在完成時have/hasdonehave/hasbeendone過去完成時haddonehadbeendone將來完成時willhavedonewillhavebeendone現在完成進行時have/hasbeendoing主動語態：情態動詞+動詞原形被動語態：情態動詞+bedone2.圈出句中連詞并列連詞從屬連詞and,but,or,so,notonly...butalso...,not...but...,either...or...,neither...nor...,...定語從句：which,that,who,whom,whose,when,where,why,as名詞性從句：that,if/whether,特殊疑問詞,...狀語從句：because,if,when,while,since,sothat,so...that...,not...until...,...劃分意群3.括出修飾成分介詞短語非謂語動詞定語從句、狀語從句、同位語從句conclude1.去繁存簡，抓取主干無論句子