學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精M8U3TheworldofcolorsandlightThoughtsonthedesign:本節(jié)課以看、說為主,通過Welcometotheunit部分所提供的5張圖片,激活學(xué)生對繪畫類別的了解，通過該部分相關(guān)問題的討論，進一步激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)熱情，為本單元后面更深入的學(xué)習(xí)奠定基礎(chǔ)。Teachingaims：Afterlearningthisperiod,thestudentswillbeableto1。understandanddistinguishdifferenttypesofpaintingslike“mural,stilllifes，abstractart,naturepaintingandpicturesofrichandfamouspeople”;2。developtheirinterestinlearningaboutartandpainters。Teachingprocedures：Step1lead—in1.Avideo“ArtAttack"appreciation(PPT4-5）Afterthat,askstudentsquestionslike：1)Haveyoueverwatchedtheprogram？Whatcanyoulearnfromit?2）Whattypeofpaintingisit?Nature,abstractorstilllifepainting?Andwhy?2.Famouspaintingsappreciation（PPT6-8）Presentsomeworldfamouspaintingslike“MogaoCaveswallpaintings"，“MonaLisa"，“TheLastSupper”，“Impression,sunrise”，“Sunflower”etc。andaskstudentswhatinformationtheyhavegotaboutthesepaintingsandpainters.Step2Brainstorming（PPT9)Askstudentstoworkingroupsandcreateaspidergramusingthekeyword“painting”，encouragingthemtofindasmanysubcategoriesaspossiblethatrelatetopainting。Andstudentscanrefertothetextbookordictionaryforhelp.Thenaskeachgroupleadertoreporttheiranswers.Theteacherisexpectedtonotedownontheblackboardespeciallythetypesofpaintinglistedonthetextbook。Step3Sharinginformation(PPT10—16)Matching:Whattypesofpaintingdothefollowingpicturesbelongto?Discussthefivepicturesinthebook.Encouragestudentstoexpresstheirunderstandingaboutthedifferenttypesofpaintingandhelpthemmakeasummaryaboutthedifferenttypesofpainting.PictureofamuralAmuralisaverylargepieceofartwork，suchasapainting,thatisdoneonawall.Muralscandatebacktoprehistorictimes,suchasthepaintingsonthewallsofcaves。Today,muralsarepaintedondifferentsurfaces。PictureofstilllifesAstilllifeisaworkofartthatpresentsobjectsthatarenotmoving.ItwaspopularinWesternartsincethe17thcentury。PictureofabstractartAbstractartisatypeofartthatdoesnotshowobjectsinanaturalway.Instead,abstractartistspresenttheirviewoftheobjectswithcolorsorshapes.Theabstractartistsusethistoshowthetruequalitiesoftheobjectsunderneaththeirappearance.PictureofapaintingofnaturePaintingsofnaturecanalsobecalled“l(fā)andscape"。Apaintingofnaturealwaysincludeselementssuchasland,plants，man—madebuildingsandaverywideview.Sometimes,apaintingofnaturealsopresentswater,agroupofwildanimals,peopleorthesky.Pictureofaportrait（pictureofafamousorrichpeople）Aportraitisapaintingthatshowsaperson,particularlytheshouldersandup。Inveryfewcases，theartistswouldshowtheirpersonalopinionsinaportrait.Step4Discussion（PPT17)1。Whichofthepaintingsabovedoyoulikebest？2.Doyouknowanyoftheworld'smostfamouspainters?Ifyoudo，doyouliketheirworks？Whyorwhynot？3.Doyouthinkweshouldlearnsomethingaboutpainting?Whyorwhynot?通過第一步的視頻播放，激發(fā)學(xué)生興趣,引出paintingofnature，由此拓展出其它繪畫類別如:stilllifepainting，portraitpainting。因為這三種繪畫類別相對較容易理解。然后通過經(jīng)典圖片展示,讓學(xué)生感知其它兩種畫類別mural和abstractart.第二步的小組合作活動制定網(wǎng)狀圖，是為了激活學(xué)生已有的繪畫藝術(shù)方面的點滴知識并且能夠匯總歸攏，拓寬了學(xué)生視野，同時，教師適時的記錄，能夠增強學(xué)生的表達欲和成就感，而且為下面的討論步驟做好了鋪墊。討論步驟的設(shè)置是為了對前面學(xué)生發(fā)言有一個總結(jié)和深化，讓學(xué)生能夠更清楚地辨析各種繪畫類別。M8U3WordpowerThoughtsonthedesign:Wordpower部分既是對前面活動和內(nèi)容的拓展,又是加深學(xué)生的繪畫知識，其目的是幫助學(xué)生掌握主要繪畫工具以及顏料的詞匯表達，為本單元后面更深入的學(xué)習(xí)奠定基礎(chǔ)。Teachingaims:1.Gettoknowdifferenttypesofpaintingmaterials&differenttoolsfordoingpictures。2.Giveexamplesofdifferentpicturesdonewithdifferentpaintingmaterials.3.Learnandmasterthenewwordsrelatedtopaintings.Enlargethevocabularyinthissectionandapplythemtopracticaluse。Teachingprocedures：Step1：GreetingsGreetthewholeclassasusual。

Step2：Lead—in(PPT4—5)Beforeclass，askthestudentstosurftheinternetorrefertosomereferencebookstogetsomeinformationabouttypesofpaintingandpaintingmaterials。Askthestudentstoreporttheirfindingsinclass。Youmayaskthestudentstoprovidepicturesorobjectstoshowtotheclassifnecessary.RainbowSong

Redandyellowandpinkandgreen，

Orangeandpurpleandblue。

Icansingarainbow；singarainbow，Singarainbowsong。Q:Doyouknowanyothercolors？Step3：PartA（PPT6—11)1。ReadpartAcarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions。Whataretwomaintypesofpainting？Howcantheybedone?Stylesofpainting？2.AskthestudentstoreadthearticleabouttypesofpaintinginPartAandfillinthechartbelow。TypesofpaintingDescriptionwatercolordonewithcolorsthatneedtobemixedwithwateroilpaintingpaintedwiththickcolorthatismixedwithoilportraitforpeoplelandscapeforviewsstilllifeforobjectStep4:LearningPartB(PPT12—13)Teachthestudentssomewordsaboutthepaintings.Watercolor,oilpainting，canvas，acrylicpaint，portrait,landscape，stilllife，palette,easel，paintbrushes,pencils,oilpaintsAskthestudentstoreadthesewordsthreetimes.Whatpaintingmaterialsapaintermayuse?Lookatthepictureandknowofsomepaintingmaterials.Step5：PartC（PPT14）LiMinghasdecidedtotakeuppaintingasahobby。HefoundsomeadviceontheInternetaboutstartingtopaint.Someofthewordsdidnotprintoutproperly.UsethewordsfromPartsAandBtocompleteit。KEY:（1）watercolours(2)oils(3）paintbrushes(4）pencils（5）paper(6）oilpaints(7)portrait（8）stilllifeStep6:PartD(PPT15）Guess：Thecolorsoftheobjects?HavestudentslookatthewordspresentedinPartD，helpingthemunderstandthatsomewordsarethenamesoftheobjectswhichareofthesimilarcolors。Besidesthewordslisted,givemoreexampleslike:navyblue,peagreen,blood—red，inkyblack，snowwhite.Step7:Discussion(PPT16-17)Manycolourshavedifferentshades,likelightblueanddarkblue。Oftenthenamesoftheseshadesarethesameastheobjectsthatareofasimilarcolour。plum楊李色

pansy紫羅蘭色

peachpuff桃色

papayawhip番木色

rosybrown褐玫瑰紅

springgreen春綠色

Step8：LanguageFocus(PPT17—22)1.Thepaintisverythick.Thesecrettooilpaintingistobuilduplayeronlayeronacanvas.1）積聚;聚集Trafficisbuildingupalongtheroadstothecoast.Onedayyourbookswillbuildupintoalibrary.2）增進；加強發(fā)展體育運動,增強人民體質(zhì)。Promotephysicalcultureandbuildupthepeople’shealth艱苦的工作條件能磨練人的性格.Hardworkingconditionsbuildupcharacter。(喻）增強體力tobuildupone’sstrength我們的生意興隆。Wearebuildingupagoodbusiness。2。Asofteraserwillalsobeusefulincaseyouwanttomakechanges。以防萬一，免得incase作短語連詞，能引導(dǎo)狀語從句；incase作副詞性短語,常置于句末.incaseof置于句末常看作目的狀語，作“以免,以防"解;置于句首常視為條件狀語,作“如果，萬一”解。1）Thewallwasbuiltalongtheriverincaseoffloods.2）Youshouldkeepafirst-aidkitinthecarincaseofaccident。3)萬一有火災(zāi)，就撥119。Incaseoffire，call119.4）你最好帶點錢，以防萬一。Youhadbettercarrysomemoneyincase。M8Unit3GrammarandusageThoughtsonthedesign:倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)與其說是一項語法內(nèi)容，倒不如說是一種修辭手段.本節(jié)課的設(shè)計以總——分——總結(jié)構(gòu)為主,具體說來就是通過語篇,幫助學(xué)生感悟倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，然后結(jié)合課本，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生歸納出倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)運用的各種情形，期間盡可能體現(xiàn)活動形式的多樣化，最后是操練和運用部分，突出了在篇章中練習(xí)語法結(jié)構(gòu)，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生在閱讀及其它實際運用中掌握語法知識，提高能力。Teachingaims：Afterlearningthisperiod，thestudentswillbeableto:1.understandhowinversionsareformed;2。summarizethecasesinwhichinversionisused；3.learntochangeinversionintonormalstructureorviceversa.Teachingprocedures:Step1Lead—in(PPT4—6)Guidestudentstocomparethefollowingpairsofsentencesandtellthedifferencebetweenthem。TheywenttotheparklastSunday.DidtheygototheparklastSunday?Helikestoreadnewspaperarticlesaboutsocialproblems。Whatdoesheliketoread？2.AskthestudentstogothroughPartAandunderlinetheinversionsincludedinthetextandaskthestudentstoanalyseandexplainthereasonwhyinversioncanbeusedinthesecases.Whiledoingthis,helpthestudentsfigureoutwhatisinversion.ThenaskthestudentstoreadtheguidelinesonP40.Makesurethattheyknowthatinversionsometimescanputemphasisonthepredicateinsteadofonthesubject。Firstly,getthestudentstoworkontheirownandthencomparetheirnotesinpairs。Step2Inversionindifferentcases（PPT7—33）1。Questions。（PPT8)Thispartiseasyforthestudentstounderstand。Sojustaskthemtogivemoreexamples。2.1.Whenasentencebeginswithanegativewordoranegativephrasesuchasneither，nor，never，not,atnotime，seldom，andhardly，inversionisused.（PPT9-11）Forthispart,firstaskthestudentstoreadindividuallyandthenworkinpairs:onestudentreadstheinvertedsentence，theotheroneputsitinitsnormalorderandviceversa.Moresentencesaresuggested:(1)Ihavenevermethimbefore。NeverhaveImethimbefore。(2）Wehaveseldomseensuchahorriblefilm.Seldomhaveweseensuchahorriblefilm。（3）Shehadhardlyenteredthehousewhensheheardababycrying.Hardlyhadsheenteredthehousewhensheheardababycrying.（4）Shedidnotsingasinglesongatyesterday’sparty。Notasinglesongdidshesingatyesterday'sparty。2.2。Whenthesentencebeginswithonlyorso，inversionisused.（PPT12—13）Askthestudentstogivemoreexamplestopractisewitheachother,especiallyabout“only".Askthestudentstocompare:（1)Onlyinthiswaycanyouworkouttheproblem。(2)OnlywhenMr.Bakerreturnsthisafternoonwillthemeetingbegin.(3)Onlyteacherswenttotheartgalleryyesterday。Andtellthestudentstonotethatwhen“only”modifiesthesubject,wedonotinvertthesubjectandthepredicate。3。1.Whenthesentencebeginswithdirectspeechorpartofit，inversionisused.（PPT32）3.2。Whenthesubjectistoolong，inversionisused。(PPT32)3。3。Whenthesentencebeginswithhere，there，in,out，up，down,on,etc.,inversionisused。（PPT26—27)3.3Itisrelativelydifficulttounderstandanduse,soitissuggestedthatmoreexamplesaregivenoraskthestudentstomakeupasentenceusingtheabovestructure。4.Informallanguagetotalkaboutunrealconditionals，inversionisused.Askthestudentstoputtheexamplesthetextintotheirnormalorder。Step3Practiceandconsolidation1.BacktoPartAandaskthestudentstoputthefollowinginvertedsentencesintheirnormalorderandcheckanswersinpairs。2.AskthestudentstofinishPartBindividually。3。Askthestudentstorewritethefollowingparagraphusinginversionfollowingtherequirementsinbrackets。（PPT34-36）InChinaabout50millionpeoplearelivingwithdisabilities。(Therebe…)Anewgovernmentprogramhasbeendesignedtohelpdisabledpeople。Morespecialschoolswillbebuilt.Helpwillbegiventopeopletofindjobsandmedicaltreatmentwillbeprovidedforpeoplewhoneedittoo.(Notonly…butalso…)Butthetruthisthateveryoneshouldtakecareofdisabledpeople，notjustthegovernment。Wemustalsobringpeoplewithdisabilitiesintonormalschools.Youngpeoplewilllearnaboutdisabilityonlywhentheygotothesameschoolsaspeoplewithdisabilities.(Onlywhen…)Theylovehavinglotsoffriends，andthosewithdisabilitiesalsolovehavinglotsoffriendstoo.（sodo…）Thoughweallaredifferent,weneedneverbeseparate。(Different…）4.Self—assessment—Choices（PPT39—43)(1)Now__________yourturntorecitethetext. A。thereis B.therecomes C.comes D。hascome（2)Onlythen___________howmuchdamagehadbeencaused。 A.sherealized B.shehadrealized C.hadsherealized D。didsherealize（3）Nowhereelsealongthecoast___________suchshallowwatersofarfromland. A。isthere B。isit C.thereis D。itis（4）Never___________alanguagesowidelyspreadorspokenbysomanypeopleasEnglish。 A.therehasbeen B.ithasbeen C。hastherebeen D。hasitbeen(5）_________hadhegotonthetrain_______herealizedhehadlefthisbaginthecar。 A.Hardly；when B。Hardly；then C.Nosooner;when D。Nosooner;then（6)—It’sburninghottoday,isn'tit？—Yes。__________yesterday。 A.Sowasit B。Soitwas C.Soitis D.Soisit(7)__________aboutwildplantsthattheydecidedtomakeatriptoMadagascarforfurtherresearch. A.Socuriousthecouplewas B.Socuriouswerethecouple C.Howcuriousthecoupleswere D.Thecouplewassuchcurious(8)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_________whatheatis。 A.mandidknow B.manknew C。didn’tmanknow D。didmanknow（9）InnocityofChinalittle__________abouttheeconomicdevelopment. A.thegovernmentcares B.doesthegovernmentcare C。doesn'tthegovernmentcare D。thegovernmentdoesn’tcare(10)Autumncoming,down_____________。 A.dotheleavesfall B。theleaveswillfall C.falltheleaves D.theleaveshavefallenAnswer:CDACAABDBCIfnecessary，providethestudentssomesamplesfromNMETtopracticeon。第一步是讓學(xué)生了解“倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)”的基本概念；第二步主要是讓學(xué)生能從篇章中整體感悟倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，然后幫助學(xué)生歸納出倒裝的定義及大概使用的幾種情況；第三步是整節(jié)課的中心,雖然課文闡述和羅列得非常清晰，但考慮到學(xué)生瀏覽時可能心神不夠集中或有枯燥厭倦之感，所以在處理這部分時，安排了個體活動和小組活動穿插進行，目的是最大限度地激發(fā)和保持學(xué)生的興趣和求知欲.后面的操練部分既有單句練習(xí)、選擇題，又突出了在篇章中練習(xí)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生在閱讀及其它實際運用中掌握語法知識,提高語言的能力。M8U3ProjectThoughtsonthedesign:Project（項目學(xué)習(xí)）的根據(jù)宗旨是Learnbydoing“做中學(xué)”。根據(jù)課本示范，本節(jié)課學(xué)生通過小組合作，能創(chuàng)作別具一格的圖畫，并能寫出制作材料和過程。所以在設(shè)計上突出第四步,并且留足時間給學(xué)生觀看、模仿和制作.前面三個步驟的操作則是簡潔明了，主要幫助學(xué)生感知各種別具一格的圖畫,以及學(xué)會如何表述制作過程。最后的展示很有必要，既能體現(xiàn)任務(wù)的完整性，又能讓學(xué)生充分體驗成就感，從而更能激發(fā)對英語學(xué)科的興趣.Teachingaims:Afterlearningthisperiod,thestudentswillbeableto1.understandthewaystocreatedifferenttypesofunusualpictures；2。writeashortarticleaboutunusualpicturesandmakeanunusualpictureoftheirownbyusingtheinformationandinstructionsinthetext.Teachingprocedures：Step1Lead-in(PPT4-5）Playavideoabouttheunusualwaytomakepicturesusingsand。Afterthat，askthestudents:Besidesusingsandtocreatepictures，whatotherwayscanyousuggest？Step2Skimming（PPT6）Havethestudentsskimthetextandanswerthefollowingquestions：Howmanyunusualwaystocreatepicturesarementionedinthepassage?Whatarethey?Step3Jigsawreading(PPT7-10）Organizethestudentsintosmallgroupsoffourtoconductajigsawreading。Eachgroupmembermayonlyfocusononewaytomakeunusualpicturesandcompletethechartbelow.Whenthegiventimeisdue,askonestudentfromeachgrouptopresenthis/herfinding.TypeThingsneededWaytomakepizzafacesavarietyoffoods;camera;thinkaboutthepatternmakeafacewiththefoodsonapizzatakeaphotoofitstringpicturescard;thinstring；glue；crayonorpencildrawtheoutlineonthecardspreadtheglueonthecardputthestringonthegluepaintthestringfeatherandseashellpicturesfeathers；seashells;card;gluethinkaboutthepatternlayallthepiecesoutonthecardstickthemdownrubbishpicturesrubbishincludingplastic,aluminium，clothandpaper；strongpapercard；glueputtherubbishonacardsticktherubbishontothecardspraythedifferentsectionswithpaintrubbishprintsatincanoroldpiecesofcloths；paint;carddiponeendofatincanintopaintpressthepaintedrubbishonacardtomakedifferentshapesStep4Listentothetapeandanswerthefollowingquestions：（PPT11-12）1。Whatmaybeneededtomakepizzafaces？2。Howmanystepsaretheretomakestringpictures？Step5Discussion（PPT13-15）PartB1。Askthestudentsthefollowingquestions：（1)Whichideadoyouthinkisthemostinteresting?（2)Whatotherthingscouldyoumakeunusualpicturesfrom？(3)Howwouldyouusethemtomakeunusualpictures？ForQuestions2&3，organizethestudentsingroupstodiscussandexpresstheiropinionsfreely。2。Tohelpthestudentswriteashortarticleaboutunusualpicturesandmakeanunusualpictureoftheirown，werecommendthatvideo“ArtAttack”beplayedandthestudentscanfollowandwritedownthestepspresentedinthevideoandmakeusualpictures。Step7Doingaproject（PPT16—20)1。Planning:groupingthestudentsintoateamofthreeorfouranddecideonthenameoftheirunusualpictureOurtopic__________________________________________________。2。Preparing:discussingthetasksforeachmemberoftheteamWhoisresponsibleforthedesignoftheunusualpicture?Whotakeschargeofthematerialstobefound?Whowritesthetext?Whopresentstheoralreport？Thedeadlineforourprojectis__________________________________3。Producing：Eachmemberofthegroupstartshis/herworkwithinthetimedue。Beforethegiventimeisdue，remindthestudentstoedittheirtextlikesentencestructure，organization，punctuation,vocabulary,grammar，spelling，etc。4.Presenting:（1)Whenthesettimeisdue，askthestudentstopresenttheirreportorally。(2)Puttheirartworksonthedisplaywalloftheclassroomforeveryonetosee。Step8Languagepoints（PPT21—26)slicen。1)aflat,oftenthin,pieceoffoodthathasbeencutfromalargerpiece:

asliceofbread/cake

cucumber/lemonslices

Wouldyoulikeanothersliceofham/beef？2)apartofsth。,suchasanamountofmoney：

Weagreedbeforewedidthedealthatwe'dbothtakeanequalsliceoftheprofit。

Thefilmpresentsuswithafascinatingsliceofhistory.3)akitchenutensilwithawidebladewhichisusedforservingpiecesoffood:

acake/fishslicev.1)tocutsth。intothin，flatpieces:

Slicethemushroomsthinlyandfryinbutter。

Couldyouslicemeaverythinpieceofcake/sliceaverythinpieceofcakeforme？2)toeasilycutintoorthroughsth。withasharpknife:

Hescreamedasthebladeslicedintohisleg。

FIGURATIVEShewatchedhisslimstrongbodyasitslicedeffortlesslythroughthewater.sliced

adj.cutintothinflatpieces：

slicedbread/ham/tomatoslicer

n。amachineortoolforslicingparticulartypesoffood:

anegg/bread/meatslicer2.stick：verb(stuck,stuck）（1)topushapointedobjectintoorthroughsomething，or（ofapointedobject）tobepushedintoorthroughsomethingandstaythere:她把針戳到我的胳膊里.Shestucktheneedleintomyarm。(2)tocausesomethingtobecomefixedasifwithglueoranothersimilarsubstance：我的汽車陷進淤泥里了.Mycar’sstuckinthemud。這膠水不粘了。Thisgluewon'tstick.第一步播放“沙畫"視頻是為了激發(fā)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)作和接下來的閱讀興趣；二、三步的閱讀任務(wù)的設(shè)置由寬泛到細節(jié)，而jigsawreading的合作閱讀更能激活學(xué)生的競賽心理；第四步驟的小組討論能夠分解任務(wù)難度、分工協(xié)作、集思廣益。但考慮到學(xué)生平時學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)重、時間緊而且制作任務(wù)本身也有一定難度，所以建議播放“藝術(shù)創(chuàng)想"段落視頻，學(xué)生可以從中獲取信息，完成制作并寫出制作材料及創(chuàng)作過程；第五步的Doingaproject實際上是完成項目的前期準備,這一步驟很有必要.最后的作品展示能讓學(xué)生收獲成就感，從而調(diào)動了他們的學(xué)科興趣。單元重點詞匯講解一、考綱知識預(yù)覽類別新課標要求掌握的項目高考必會單詞1.calculate（v。），calculation(n。),calculator（n。）2.float(vt&vi。)3.weep(vi。）4.negotiate(vt.＆vi.)，negotiation（n。)5。adore(vt。）6。explore（vt。)，explorer（n.），exploration（n.)7。assistance（n。）,assist（vt。),assistant(n。）8.abandon(vt。)9。fee（n。）10.bargain（n.＆vi.）11。graduation(n.），graduate(vi.）12.experiment(vi.＆n.)13.height（n.）,high（adj。）14。cave（n。)15。pattern(n.）16。stick(vt.）17。disgusting(adj.)，disgusted(adj。）,disgust（v。&n。）18。dip（vt.&vi.)19.paint(n.＆vt.)，painting（n.)20.repeat(vt.&vi。）,repetition（n。）高考必會短語1。rangefrom…to…2.stilllife3。haveanappetitefor4。startfromscratch5。makeareservation6。beadmittedto7.bemadeoutof8.cutout9。haveagoat10.share（in)sthwithsb。11.distribute…to…12.ontheway13。beoffto…14.stickto15。abandondoingsth.16。buildup二、重點詞匯講解1.rangev。（在一定范圍或幅度內(nèi))變動，變化;排列,將……排成行；n.系列，行rangefrom…to…從……到……范圍rangebetween…and…在……范圍內(nèi)變化intherangeof…在……范圍內(nèi);在……射程內(nèi)outofrange/beyondrange在射程外outofone'srange能力達不到的；知識以外的withinrangeof…在……射程以內(nèi)；在……范圍以內(nèi)short—range/long-range短程的，近期的/遠程的，長期的Accommodationrangesfromtouristclasstoluxuryhotels.住宿條件從經(jīng)濟旅館至豪華賓館不等。Estimatesofthedamagerangebetween$1millionand$5million.估計損失在100萬到500萬元之間.Therewillbeanincreaseintherangeof0to3percent。將會有0到3個百分點的增長幅度。Thiswasoutsidetherangeofhisexperience.這超出了他的閱歷。Heshoutedangrilyatanyonewithinrange。他看見誰,就對誰吼叫.Thecatstayedwelloutofrangeofthechildren.這只貓離孩子們遠遠的。Thesemissileshavearangeof300miles.這些導(dǎo)彈的射程為300英里.2.abandonvt。(1）拋棄，放棄，戒除（2)離棄，遺棄，背棄（3)縱情，恣意①Snowforcedmanydriverstoabandontheirvehicles。大雪迫使許多駕駛員棄車步行。②Thebabyhadbeenabandonedbyitsmother.這個嬰兒被母親遺棄了。③Heabandonedhimselftodespair.他陷入絕望.abandononeselfto沉溺于……abandondoingsth.放棄做某事abandonone’scountry/friend背棄祖國或朋友abandonhopeofdoing放棄做……withabandon放縱地，放任地，盡情地④Ihaveabandonedhopeofanyreconciliation.我已對任何和解不抱希望。⑤Wehadtoabandonholdingthegameduetothebadweather.由于天氣不好,我們只好放棄比賽。⑥Thechildrenplayedwithwaterwithabandon.孩子們盡情地玩水.比較：abandon,leave，desert＆quitabandon指因外界壓力或影響永久舍棄自己所感興趣的食物或人。leave“離開，遺留”,是普通用詞，一般沒有感情色彩.desert指某人或某物在困難的時候或困境中被人背棄。quit指突然或出其不意地放棄,往往帶有感情意味。例：Somechildrenleaveschoolat16.有些學(xué)生16歲就畢業(yè)離校了。Shewasdesertedbyherhusband.她被丈夫遺棄了。IfIdon’tgetmoremoney,I’llquit。如不給我加薪，我就辭職。3。talentedadj。有才能的，天才的，有才干的talentedplayers/artists/youngsters天才運動員/藝術(shù)家/神童betalentedintalentn。天才，天賦，天資haveatalentfor①Mozarthadagreattalentformusic.莫扎特有音樂天賦。②Sheshowedconsiderabletalentforgettingwhatshewanted.她很有天資，能夠心想事成。③Heisagreattalent.他是個了不起的人才。4.distributev.分發(fā)，分配某事物，散發(fā)distribute在表示“分發(fā)"的意思時，同義詞為giveout,在表示“散發(fā)”時，同義詞為spread。distributionn.分發(fā),分配distributesthto/among…把某物分給……Theorganizationdistributedfoodandblanketstotheearthquakevictims.這個機構(gòu)向地震災(zāi)民分發(fā)了食品和毯子。Themoneywasdistributedamongschoolsinthearea。這筆款項是在本地區(qū)的學(xué)校中分配的.Makesureyourweightisevenlydistributed.注意讓你的體重分配均勻。Themapshowsthedistributionofthisspeciesacrosstheworld.地圖上標明了該物種在全世界的分布情況.5。adorevt。熱愛，愛慕adorableadj。迷人的，討人喜歡的adoringadj。表示愛慕的adorationn.愛慕,敬愛adoresb./sth.愛慕，喜歡某人/物adoredoingsth。喜愛做某事Whatanadorablechild!多可愛的小孩啊!Hewavedtotheadoringcrowds。他向崇拜他的群眾揮手致意。Hegazedatherwithpureadoration。他一往情深地注視著她。Isimplyadorehismusic!我簡直太喜愛他的音樂了！Sheadoresworkingwithchildren.她熱愛為兒童工作。6.appetiten.愛好，欲望，食欲,胃口haveanappetitefor有……的愛好，有……的渴望haveagood/poorappetite胃口好/不好loseone'sappetite無食欲lossofappetite食欲不振spoil/ruin/takeawayone’sappetite影響食欲Thepublichaveaninsatiableappetiteforscandal.公眾對丑聞總是喜聞樂道。Thewalkhasgivenmeagoodappetite。散步讓我胃口大開。Hesufferedfromheadaches，insomniaandlossofappetite.他患頭痛，失眠和食欲不振。Don'tspoilyourappetitebyeatingbetweenmeals.不要在兩餐之間吃東西，以免影響胃口。7.admitvt。承認,準許進入(后接介詞to/into），容許,可容納admitdoing/havingdonesth。承認做過某事admitof容許有，有……可能，容有……的余地admitsb.to/into接納某人進入……，錄取……，吸收某人參加Iadmitmymistake/thatIwaswrong.我承認是我的錯/我錯了.Headmittedhavingstolenthecar。他招認偷了那輛汽車。Hisconductadmitsofnoexcuse.他的行為無可寬恕。Thetheatreadmitsonly250people.這家戲院只能容納250人。Everyyear，aboutsixtynewboysandgirlsareadmittedtothisschool.這所學(xué)校每年招收六十名男女新生。8。experimentn。＆vi。實驗，試驗make/carryout/perform/conduct/doanexperiment做實驗experimenton/upon/withsth。用……做實驗byexperiment通過實驗/試驗Tofindanewcureforthedisease,hemadealotofexperiments。為了找到治療這種疾病的新方法，他做了大量實驗。Heexperimentedonrats。他用老鼠做實驗。Thescientistsareexperimentingwithnewmethods。科學(xué)家們正在試驗新方法。Findoutbyexperimentwhatfoodsthebabylikes.通過試驗來弄清楚嬰兒喜歡吃什么。比較：trial，experiment＆test三者都含有“證明、發(fā)現(xiàn)某事物的過程或方式”的意思.trial指“對人或物進行試驗以確定其效果或價值等”。Youwillsucceedbytrialanderror。經(jīng)過反復(fù)實驗，你會成功的。experiment指“為研究某事物的發(fā)生或為獲得新知識而進行仔細試驗的過程"。Weexperimenteduntilwesucceededinmixingtherightcolor.我們不斷進行實驗,直至將所需顏色調(diào)配成功.test指“通過試驗、檢查、使用、比較等就其是否正確、合格等方面作出決定”。Noneofthisrangeofcosmeticshasbeentestedonanimals。這一化妝品系列從未在動物身上試驗過。9。stickvt。刺，放置，張貼;vi.堅持，卡住stick…(together）withglue用膠水把……粘到一起stickout伸出stickto堅持(原則等）；粘在上邊sticktoone’spost堅守崗位stickwith…跟……在一起，忠于getstuck卡住，無法移動Theneedlestuckinmyfinger。針扎進我的手指了。Thegluedoesn’tstickverywell.這種膠水粘不住。Wedon’twanttohearyouropinion；sticktothefacts！我們不想聽你的想法，只講事實！Ifyou’redriving，sticktosoftdrinks。如果你開車，那就堅持喝軟飲料。Stickwithmeandyou'llbeallright.有事你來找我就沒問題了.Thebusgotstuckinthesnowandwehadtowalktherestoftheway.公共汽車陷在雪中開不動了，剩下的路我們只好步行了。10.bargainn.便宜貨;劃算的買賣;交易,協(xié)議；vi.討價還價，談判,講條件agoodbargain自己占便宜的協(xié)議；上算的交易makeabargain約定好，協(xié)議bargainclothes/prices減價的衣服/便宜的價錢bargainwithsb.about/over/forsth。與某人討價還價;談判bargainfor/onsth.預(yù)料，有備于ImightbuyaTV,ifIcanfindabargaininthesales.如果我能在大減價中找到便宜貨，我也許會買臺電視機.You’vegotagoodbargainthere.你做了一筆很上算的交易。Imadeabargainwithhim.我和他做了一項交易.Dealersbargainwithgrowersoverthepriceofcoffee.商人與種植者就咖啡的價格進行商洽.TheexamwasmoredifficultthanIhadbargainedfor。這次考試之難出乎我的意料之外。11。ratherthanAbstractartisaboutshapes,colorsandtexturesratherthanobjects。ratherthan:與其（某人/物）,不愿，不要，不是Figureoutthedifferentusesof“ratherthan”inthefollowingsentences.IthinkI’llhaveacolddrinkratherthancoffee.我想喝冷飲,不想喝咖啡.Ratherthansqueezingyourownoranges，haveyoutriedbuyingpacksoforangejuice?你是否試過買幾盒橙汁,而不是自己榨?Heranratherthanwalkedthere.他是跑過去，而不是走過去的。Theseshoesarecomfortableratherthanpretty.這些鞋子與其說漂亮倒不如說是舒服.Ratherthanallowthevegetablestogobad,hesoldthemathalfprice。不想讓蔬菜就這樣爛掉，他以半價把它們賣了。12。devote…to…ThesadthingisthatalthoughvanGoghdevotedhiswholeselftopainting，heonlysoldonepaintingbeforehediedin1890.devote…to…為某人/物付出（時間、精力等），向某人/物奉獻（時間、精力等），獻身于某事物I’mdevotingallmytimeandenergytobeingamomrightnow。目前我把所有時間和精力都放在當媽媽這件事上.MotherTerasahasdevotedherselftocaringforthepoor。特蕾莎修女把自己的全部身心都傾注在照顧窮苦人之上。③Kikoisdevotedtohermusic.基科熱愛她的音樂。13.takeupLiMinghasdecidedtotakeuppaintingasahobby.takeup繼續(xù)takeupsth.填滿，占據(jù)（某空間或時間）；拿起，抬起；吸收液體；開始從事某事(尤指職業(yè))；接續(xù)講（中斷的或他人未講完的故事）；接受（建議或挑戰(zhàn)）Thischaptertakesupwherethelastoneleftoff.本章接續(xù)上一章談到的內(nèi)容.Thistabletakesuptoomuchroom.這張桌子太占地方。Blotting-papertakesupink。吸墨紙能吸墨水。Shehastakenupajobasateacher。她當上老師了。Areyougoingtotakeupthechallengeoflastingawholeweekwithoutarguing？堅持一周內(nèi)不爭吵，你打算接受這一挑戰(zhàn)嗎？練習(xí)：一、單詞拼寫。1.Theydecidedtotakeapartthemachineandstartedagainfroms___________。2。Everyyear,hewons_________atschoolbecauseofhisexcellentstudy.3。Inthemarketdealers（商人)wereb__________withgrowersoverthepriceofcoffee.4。Ifailedtocomeontimeyesterday，becausemycargots______intheheavysnow.5。Thenewspaperisd__________freetoeveryoneintheschool。6。Shehasalotofhobbies，r_________fromplayingchesstocanoeing.7。AdamSm