A10聯盟2025屆高三5月最后一卷英語試題本試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。請在答題卡上作答。第一部分聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhydoesthewomancometoChina?A.Totakeherholiday.B.Togoonbusiness.C.Tostudy.2.Whatwillthewomando?A.Writeareport.B.Goshopping.C.Gohome.3.Whendoesthetalentshowstartthisweek?A.At9:00.B.At10:00.C.At11:00.4.Whatmakesthemanfeelrelieved?A.Finishingacampaign.B.Keepinghimselfoccupied.C.Completinghismeeting.5.WhenwillCharliehavetheinterview?A.Tomorrow.B.Inaweek.C.Intwoweeks.第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Acomputermuseum.B.Advancesincomputertechnology.C.Alibrarywithexamplesofoldtechnology.7.WhatisthePowerBook100?A.A$700,000computer.B.Amachinefrom1976.C.Theoriginalportablecomputer.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutthecomputerscreen?A.Big.B.Nice.C.Stylish.9.Whatbringsthemanabitoftrouble?A.Thescreen.B.Thekeyboard.C.Themouse.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whereisthewomannow?A.InLondon.B.InBristol.C.InKingsford.11.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofthelifeinLondon?A.Boring.B.Peaceful.C.Expensive.12.Whatwillthemandothissummer?A.Organizesportingactivities.B.Workasapoollifeguard.C.Teachpeopletoswim.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthemansuggestseeingatfirst?AAcircus.B.Amusical.C.Acomedy.14.Whichofthefollowingislaunchedlastweek?A.TheDancingQueen.B.TakeItorLeaveIt.C.SweetDating.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheromanticcomedythemanmentions?A.It’sfunny.B.It’sboring.C.It’sold.16.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodoatlast?A.Attendacomedyclub.B.Enjoytheclowns.C.Seeasilentfilm.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisspecialaboutthedancestudios?A.Theyhavelargedrinkareas.B.Theyarenexttothegym.C.Theyhavefloor-to-ceilingmirrors.18.WhereistheSkateCenterlocated?A.Oppositethereceptionarea.B.Besidethechangingrooms.C.Behindtheswimmingpool.19.Whatmustallmembersdofirsttojointhecenter?A.Paytheannualfeeof$200.B.Fillinapersonalinformationform.C.Getparentalpermissionifover16.20.Howmuchshouldonepayforasingleclassvisit?A.$21.B.$20.C.$19.第二部分閱讀(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AUCSanDiegoExtendedStudies:FUTURESI.ProgramBasicsTargetGrades:9th,10th,11th,12thDeliveryFormat:OnlineCostRange:$500—$999Contact:(858)534-0804Location:LaJolla,CaliforniaTheUCSanDiegoDivisionofExtendedStudiesFuturesprogramsempowerstudentstopursuepassions,explorenewinterests,andgainpracticalexperiencebeforeenteringcollegeortheworkforce.Coursesaretaughtbyleadingindustryexpertsinhigh-demandfields:Chooseaprogramtostartyourjourney!II.ProgramOfferingsAutoCADDesignprofessionally!Learntocreateprecise2Ddrawingsusinglayers,text,anddimensions.Masterdraftingtechniquestodevelopafullfloorplanreadyforreal-worlduse.DigitalCircuitDesignExplorehowelectronsbehaveinphysicalcomponentsandapplytheseconceptstodesignandbuildeverydayelectronicproducts.iOSProgrammingBuilddynamicappsforiPhone,iPad,andiTouch.DevelopexpertiseinApple’siOSsystemandmasterinteractivefeatureslikeswiping,tapping,andpinching.MachineLearningStudyhowcomputersystemsmimichumanintelligencethroughmachinelearningalgorithms(算法)andapplications.III.ProgramBenefitsFlexibility:Allcoursesare100%online,opentostudentsworldwide.Scholarships:Availableonafirst-come,first-servedbasis—applyearlyforthebestchance!Certification:EarnaUCSanDiegoAwardofCompletion,perfectforcollegeapplicationsandresumes.1.WhatdostudentsgainfromtheFuturesprograms?A.Theabilitytoskipcollegeentranceexams.B.Aguaranteedfull-timejobfromindustryexperts.C.Practicalexperienceandnewinterestexploration.D.AjobofferinLaJolla,Californiaaftercompletion.2.Whichprogramfocusesondesigningandbuildingelectronicproducts?A.AutoCAD. B.DigitalCircuitDesign.C.iOSProgramming. D.MachineLearning.3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthescholarships?A.Giventoallapplicants. B.Basedonacademicgrades.C.Mainlyforlow-incomestudents. D.Higherchanceforearlyapplicants.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。本文是一篇關于加州大學圣地亞哥分校延伸學習部FUTURES項目的介紹，包含項目基礎信息、課程設置以及項目優勢，旨在為9-12年級學生提供在進入大學或職場前發展興趣、積累實踐經驗的機會。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據“TheUCSanDiegoDivisionofExtendedStudiesFuturesprogramsempowerstudentstopursuepassions,explorenewinterests,andgainpracticalexperiencebeforeenteringcollegeortheworkforce.(加州大學圣地亞哥分校延伸學習部的FUTURES項目使學生能夠在進入大學或職場前，追尋興趣愛好、探索新的興趣領域并獲得實踐經驗)”可知，學生能從該項目中獲得實踐經驗并探索新興趣。故選C。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據DigitalCircuitDesign中“Explorehowelectronsbehaveinphysicalcomponentsandapplytheseconceptstodesignandbuildeverydayelectronicproducts.(探索電子在物理組件中的行為，并將這些概念應用于設計和制造日常電子產品)”可知，該項目專注于設計和制造電子產品。故選B。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據Scholarships中“Availableonafirst-come,first-servedbasis—applyearlyforthebestchance!(先到先得——盡早申請機會更大！)”可推斷，早申請的學生獲得獎學金的機會更大。故選D。B“Estáslistos?”ThatwasourSpanishteacher’sopeningquestiononourfirstdayofnightschool.Silence.Wemethisquestionwithblanklooks.Mercifully,hetranslateditintoEnglish(Areyouready?).Relieved,weallsmiled.Well,Iwasscared.Ikepthopingtheteacherwouldn’taskmeanythingbecauseIhadnovocabularyandtranslationappswerestrictlyforbiddenintheclassroom.Duringthefirstsixweeksofclass,Icrammedtonsofnewwordsintomybrain,memorizedthemainverbtenses,drilledmyselfonirregularverbs,anddiscoveredsomesimilaritiesbetweenmynewlanguageandthoseIalreadyspoke.IwasalsosurprisedtolearnsomecoolnewthingsuniquetoSpanish.Whoknewtherecouldbetwoverbsfor“tobe”?TobeCanadian,ortobeanengineer,wasnotlikebeingboredorbeinghappyinSpanish.Thisdistinctionrequiredtwodifferentverbs(serandestar).Astimewentbyandmylearningprogressed.Threeyearslater,IwasenrolledinIntermediateSpanishConversationclass.Itcommittedstudentstoengagingwithothersinanunrehearsedway.Oneday,weweretogiveashortpresentationaboutabookwehadreadandthenanswerquestionsimmediately.Withnotesathand,everythingstartedoffwell.ButduringtheQ&A,Istruggledtofindtherightwords,completelyforgottheverbtenses,andstartedusingFrenchinsteadofSpanish.Ilookedforwork-aroundstoexpressideasthathadsuddenlybecometoocomplexformylimitedvocabulary.Anxietysetin,butIdecidedtoaskforhelp.MyclassmatesgraciouslysuggestedthewordsIcouldn’trecall.Itookadeepbreathandrealizedthateventhoughitwasn’tperfect,noonereallycared.WhenIfirstsignedupforSpanishclasses,Ithoughtitwouldbeapurelyacademicpursuit.Ihavecometoseethatyouhavetobereadytolookfoolish,havefun,andgetcreativ:Ifyoucan’tfindtheperfectword,otherswillworkjustaswell.Youhavetoacknowledgethatconnectingwithpeoplemattersmorethanhavingallthe“right”answers.4.Whydidtheauthorfeelscaredonthefirstdayofclass?A.SheknewfewSpanishwords.B.Theteacherspoketooquickly.C.Shewasnervousaboutspeakinginpublic.D.Shewasnotfamiliarwiththeteachingmethod.5.WhatsurprisedtheauthoraboutlearningSpanish?A.Thelargenumberofirregularverbs.B.Thecomplexgrammaticalstructure.C.Thedifferenceinhow“tobe”isused.D.ThesimilaritiesbetweenSpanishandotherlanguages.6.Whathappenedtotheauthorduringthepresentation?A.Shehadtroubleexpressingherselfclearly.B.Shebecameembarrassedtoaskforhelp.C.Sheforgotsomekeycontents:ofthebook.D.Shewasunabletouseherpreparednotesproperly.7.Whatlessondoestheauthorlearnaboutlanguagelearning?A.Memorizingvocabularyisthekeytosuccess.B.Itisimportanttoalwaysseektheperfectanswers.C.Itinvolvesacceptingimperfectionandtakingrisks.D.Groupworkismoreimportantthanindividualstudy.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，作者講述了自己學習西班牙語的經歷。從夜校第一天因詞匯量匱乏而害怕，到學習過程中發現西班牙語中“tobe”使用的獨特之處，再到三年后在中級西班牙語會話課展示時遇到表達困難，最后領悟到語言學習要接受不完美并勇于嘗試。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“Ikepthopingtheteacherwouldn’taskmeanythingbecauseIhadnovocabularyandtranslationappswerestrictlyforbiddenintheclassroom.(我一直希望老師不要問我任何問題，因為我沒有詞匯量，而且課堂上嚴禁使用翻譯應用程序)”可知，作者在第一天上課感到害怕是因為她認識的西班牙語單詞很少。故選A。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“IwasalsosurprisedtolearnsomecoolnewthingsuniquetoSpanish.Whoknewtherecouldbetwoverbsfor“tobe”?TobeCanadian,ortobeanengineer,wasnotlikebeingboredorbeinghappyinSpanish.Thisdistinctionrequiredtwodifferentverbs(serandestar).(我還驚訝地了解到一些西班牙語特有的很酷的新知識。誰知道“tobe”會有兩個動詞呢？在西班牙語中，成為加拿大人或成為工程師，與感到無聊或開心的表達方式不一樣。這種區別需要兩個不同的動詞（ser和estar）)”可知，學習西班牙語時，“tobe”用法的不同讓作者感到驚訝。故選C。【6題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段“ButduringtheQ&A,Istruggledtofindtherightwords,completelyforgottheverbtenses,andstartedusingFrenchinsteadofSpanish.Ilookedforwork-aroundstoexpressideasthathadsuddenlybecometoocomplexformylimitedvocabulary.(但在問答環節，我很難找到合適的詞，完全忘記了動詞時態，還開始用法語而不是西班牙語。我試圖用變通的方式來表達那些突然因我有限的詞匯量而變得過于復雜的想法)”可知，在展示過程中作者難以清晰地表達自己。故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Ihavecometoseethatyouhavetobereadytolookfoolish,havefun,andgetcreative:Ifyoucan’tfindtheperfectword,otherswillworkjustaswell.Youhavetoacknowledgethatconnectingwithpeoplemattersmorethanhavingallthe“right”answers.(我逐漸明白，你必須準備好出丑，享受樂趣并發揮創造力：如果你找不到完美的詞，其他詞也一樣能用。你必須承認，與人交流比找到所有“正確”答案更重要)”可推斷，作者領悟到語言學習要接受不完美并勇于冒險嘗試。故選C。CPlantsundergoingstress,suchasdroughtorinsectdamage,usevariousstrategiestodefendthemselvesandwarnothersof:danger.Somereleasestrongsmells,whileothers:changecolorandshape.Arecentstudyfoundthatstressedplantsevenproducepoppingorclickingsounds.However,humanscannothearthembecausetheyareatfrequenciesbeyondourhearingrange.Fortheirresearch,Dr.LilachHadanyandherteamatIsrael’sTelAvivUniversityselectedtomatoandtobaccoplants.Theystressedsomeplantsbyeithernotwateringthemforafewdaysorcuttingtheirstems.Theteamthenusedspecialmicrophonestorecordthesounds,firstinasoundproofroomandlaterinanoisiergreenhouse.Ananalysisusingaspecialalgorithmfoundthattheunstressedplantsmadelittletonosound.However,thestressedplantsweremuchnoisier.Theyemittedupto40clicksandpopsperhour,dependingonthespecies.Interestingly,themoisture-lessplantsbeganmakingnoisebeforeanyvisiblesignsofdehydration,suggestinganearly-warningmechanism.Thesoundsincreasedastheplantbecamedrier,butstoppedcompletelyonceitdriedout.Thescientistssuspectthatthesesoundsmayresultfromairbubblesformingandcollapsingwithintheplant’swatertransportsystem.“Unstressedplantsemittedlessthanonesoundperhour,onaverage,”saidHadany.“Thestressedplants-bothwater-deprivedandinjured—emitteddozensofsoundseveryhour.”Hadanybelievestheseclickingsoundsmaywarnnearbyplantsofdanger.Shealsotheorizesthatanimalswithultrasonic(超聲)hearingcapabilitiesmightbenefitfromthesesounds.“Forexample,amoththatintendstolayeggsonaplantorananimalthatintendstoeataplantcouldusethesoundstohelpguidetheirdecision,”sheexplains.Thescientistsbelievetheirdiscoverycouldbeverybeneficialtofarmers.Withclimatechangecausingunpredictabledroughts,theycouldusesound-detectingdevicestoidentifywhencropsneedwaterorextracare.8.WhatistheprimaryfindingofDr.Hadany’sstudy?A.Droughtcausesplantstolosenutrientsrapidly.B.Plantscancommunicatewithhumansusingsound.C.Stressedplantsproducesoundsthathumanscan’thear.D.Stressedplantsreleasestrongsmellsinresponsetothreats.9.Howdidtheresearcherscollectdatainthestudy?A.Byanalyzingplantsoundswithanalgorithm.BByobservingplantcolorandshapechanges.C.Bycomparingplantgrowthindifferentenvironments.D.Byrecordingsoundsfromstressedandunstressedplants.10.Whichhastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“dehydration”inParagraph4?A.Lackofwater. B.Lossofnutrients.C.Exposuretostress. D.Damagecausedbyinsects.11.Whyisthestudysignificantforagriculture?A.Itallowsfarmerstoprovidetimelycarefortheircrops.B.Ithelpsfarmersidentifyplantdiseasesmoreeffectively.C.Itenablesscientiststodevelopplantsthatneedlesswater.D.Itintroducesanewirrigationmethodforcropsindryareas.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了以色列特拉維夫大學的LilachHadany博士及其團隊的一項研究，該研究發現處于壓力下的植物會發出人類聽不到的聲音，闡述了研究過程、聲音產生的特點以及這一發現對農業的重要意義。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“Arecentstudyfoundthatstressedplantsevenproducepoppingorclickingsounds.However,humanscannothearthembecausetheyareatfrequenciesbeyondourhearingrange.(最近的一項研究發現，處于壓力下的植物甚至會發出噗噗聲或咔嗒聲。然而，人類聽不到這些聲音，因為它們的頻率超出了我們的聽力范圍)”以及后文研究內容可知，Hadany博士研究的主要發現是處于壓力下的植物會產生人類聽不到的聲音。故選C。【9題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“Theystressedsomeplantsbyeithernotwateringthemforafewdaysorcuttingtheirstems.Theteamthenusedspecialmicrophonestorecordthesounds,firstinasoundproofroomandlaterinanoisiergreenhouse.(他們通過幾天不澆水或切斷莖來使一些植物受到壓力。然后，研究小組使用特殊的麥克風記錄聲音，先是在隔音室，后來在噪音較大的溫室中)”以及第三段“Ananalysisusingaspecialalgorithmfoundthattheunstressedplantsmadelittletonosound.However,thestressedplantsweremuchnoisier.(使用特殊算法進行的分析發現，無壓力的植物幾乎不發出聲音。然而，有壓力的植物聲音要大得多)”可知，研究人員通過記錄有壓力和無壓力植物的聲音來收集數據。故選D。【10題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第四段“Interestingly,themoisture-lessplantsbeganmakingnoisebeforeanyvisiblesignsofdehydration,suggestinganearly-warningmechanism.Thesoundsincreasedastheplantbecamedrier,butstoppedcompletelyonceitdriedout.(有趣的是，缺水的植物在出現任何明顯的____跡象之前就開始發出聲音，這表明存在一種早期預警機制。隨著植物變得更干燥，聲音會增加，但一旦植物完全干枯，聲音就會完全停止)”可知，結合“moisture-less”（缺水的）“drier”（更干燥的）“driedout”（完全干枯）可知，“dehydration”意思為缺水。故選A。11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Withclimatechangecausingunpredictabledroughts,theycouldusesound-detectingdevicestoidentifywhencropsneedwaterorextracare.(隨著氣候變化導致不可預測的干旱，他們可以使用聲音檢測設備來確定作物何時需要水或額外的照料)”可推斷，這項研究對農業的重要意義在于它能讓農民及時為作物提供照料。故選A。DScientistssayEurope’sEuclidspacetelescopehasdiscoveredabrightringoflightcirclinganearbygalaxy.TheobservedlightisknownasanEinsteinring.TheEinsteinringwasdiscoveredinawell-studiedgalaxycalledNGC6505,about590millionlight-yearsfromEarth.Astronomershavelongknownaboutthegalaxy.Sotheyweresurprisedthatthebrightringhadnotbeenidentifiedbefore.Einsteinringsarerare.Theyformwhenlightfromadistantgalaxyisbentbythegravitationalpullofacloser,massivegalaxy,creatingtheillusionofacircularringaroundthenearergalaxy.TheEinsteinringgetsitsnamefromphysicistAlbertEinstein,who,predictedthatlightwouldbendaroundextremelymassiveobjectsinspace.Thisiscalled,“gravitationallensing(引力透鏡效應).”GravitationallensespermittelescopeslikeEuclidtoobservemoredistantandless-brightobjects.Inthelatestproject,researchersfromGermanyuseddatafromEuclidtocreateacomputermodeltodiscovertheEinsteinring.Euclid,operatedbytheEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA),launchedin2023forasix-yearmissiontostudydarkmatteranddarkenergy.DuringEuclid’searlytestingphase,teammemberBrunoAltierifirstnoticedsignsoftheEinsteinring.Laterobservationsconfirmedanearlyperfectring,whichwasparticularlyexcitingforresearchersspecializingingravitationallensing.LeadstudyauthorConorO’Riordanemphasizedthesignificanceofthisdiscovery.Stronggravitationallenseslikethisarerareandincrediblyusefulscientifically.SincethisEinsteinringisrelativelyclosetoEarthandwell-positioned,itoffersauniqueopportunityforstudy.Usingadvancedmodelingtechniques,researchersanalyzedthelightfromtheringandevenexaminedrawtelescopedatafordeeperinsights.O’Riordansaidtheteam’smodelingoperationswerejustthefirststepinstudyingthenewlydiscoveredEinsteinring.Hesaidthegroupplanstousetheringtoalsostudy“darkmattersubstructures”withinthelensinggalaxy.O’Riordanpredicted,“Euclidisgoingtorevolutionizethefield,withallthisdatawe’veneverhadbefore.”12.WhatsurprisedastronomersabouttheEinsteinringinNGC6505?A.ItwasthefirstEinsteinringeverfound.B.Itappearedinanewlydiscoveredgalaxy.C.Ithadgoneunnoticedinawell-studiedgalaxy.D.ItwasmuchclosertoEarththanotherEinsteinrings.13.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheEuclidspacetelescope’ssix-yearmission?A.Tostudytheformationofgalaxies.B.Toexploredarkmatteranddarkenergy.C.TosearchfornewEinsteinringsintheuniverse.D.Toobservethegravitationaleffectsofmassiveobjects.14.What’safutureresearchgoalusingtheEinsteinring?A.Identifyingnewtypesofgravitationallenses.B.Measuringtheexactdistancebetweengalaxies.C.Examiningdarkmattersubstructuresinthelensinggalaxy.D.Developingimprovedcomputermodelsforspaceobservation15.Whichcouldbethemostsuitabletitle?A.DarkMatterStudyAdvances. B.NewGalaxyFoundNearEarth.C.Einstein’sTheoryProvenAgain. D.EuclidDetectsRareEinsteinRing.【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講述了歐洲的歐幾里得太空望遠鏡在距離地球約5.9億光年的星系NGC6505中發現了一個罕見的愛因斯坦環。文章介紹了愛因斯坦環形成的原理，發現的過程以及其對于研究暗物質等方面的意義和未來研究目標。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“TheEinsteinringwasdiscoveredinawell-studiedgalaxycalledNGC6505,about590millionlight-yearsfromEarth.Astronomershavelongknownaboutthegalaxy.Sotheyweresurprisedthatthebrightringhadnotbeenidentifiedbefore.(愛因斯坦環是在一個被充分研究的星系NGC6505中發現的，它距離地球大約5.9億光年。天文學家早就知道這個星系。所以他們很驚訝這個明亮的環之前沒有被發現過)”可知，天文學家驚訝于這個愛因斯坦環在一個被充分研究的星系中一直未被注意到。故選C。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段“Euclid,operatedbytheEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA),launchedin2023forasix-yearmissiontostudydarkmatteranddarkenergy.(由歐洲航天局（ESA）操作的歐幾里得太空望遠鏡于2023年發射，進行為期六年的任務，以研究暗物質和暗能量)”可知，歐幾里得太空望遠鏡六年任務的主要目的是探索暗物質和暗能量。故選B。【14題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段“Hesaidthegroupplanstousetheringtoalsostudy“darkmattersubstructures”withinthelensinggalaxy.(他說該團隊計劃利用這個環來研究透鏡星系內的“暗物質子結構”)”可知，利用這個愛因斯坦環未來的一個研究目標是研究透鏡星系內的暗物質子結構。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。文章主要講述了歐洲的歐幾里得太空望遠鏡在距離地球約5.9億光年的星系NGC6505中發現了一個罕見的愛因斯坦環，介紹了愛因斯坦環形成的原理，發現的過程以及其對于研究暗物質等方面的意義和未來研究目標。所以短文的最佳標題為“歐幾里得探測到罕見的愛因斯坦環”。故選D。第二節(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Eatingdisordersareseriousmentalhealthconditionsthataffectaperson’srelationshipwithfoodandexercise,andcansignificantlyimpacttheirself-image.___16___IntheU.S.alone,around20millionwomenand10millionmenexperiencethem.Theyarenotlifestylechoicesbutmedicalissuesthatcanseverelyharmone’shealth.Anorexianervosaandbulimianervosaaretwotypesofeatingdisordersdrivenbythefearofgainingweight.Individualswithanorexiamayavoidfoodforextendedperiodsandexerciseandweighthemselvesmorethaniscommon.Bulimiaischaracterizedbyconsuminglargeamountsoffood,followedbypurging(瀉掉)whattheyhaveeaten.___17___Still,peoplewiththeseconditionsmayseethemselvesasoverweightregardlessoftheirbodysize.___18___Binge-eatingdisorderinvolvesconsuminglargeamountsoffoodrapidly,evenwhennothungry,oftenleadingtoobesity.Avoidant/restrictivefoodintakedisorder(ARFID),ontheotherhand,isunrelatedtobodyimage.Instead,individualsavoidfoodduetoitstaste,texture,orfearofchoking.Eatingdisordersoftenarisefromacombinationoffactors.___19___Afamilyhistoryofeatingdisordersincreasestherisk,sodoactivitiesthatemphasizebodyshape,likeballet.Anxietyanddepressionalsoplayarole.Eatingdisorderscanleadtoseverehealthissues,includingdehydration,organfailure,heartattacks,andstrokes.___20___Recognizingsymptomsearlyiscrucial.Ifyouorsomeoneyouknowisstruggling,talktoatrustedadultorseekmedicalhelp.A.Eatingdisordersaffectmillionsworldwide.B.Bothdisorderscanresultinsevereweightloss.C.Girlsaremorelikelytodevelopeatingdisorders.D.Thankfully,recoveryispossiblewithpropertreatment.E.Notalleatingdisordersaredrivenbyweightconcerns.F.Unrealisticbeautystandardsinmediacontributesignificantly.G.Eatingdisordersstopapersongainingthenutrientsheneeds.【答案】16.A17.B18.E19.F20.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了飲食失調的類型、成因、危害及應對方法。【16題詳解】前文“Eatingdisordersareseriousmentalhealthconditionsthataffectaperson’srelationshipwithfoodandexercise,andcansignificantlyimpacttheirself-image.(飲食失調是一種嚴重的心理健康狀況，它會影響一個人與食物和運動的關系，并嚴重影響他們的自我形象)”闡述飲食失調是嚴重心理健康問題及對人的影響，后文“IntheU.S.alone,around20millionwomenand10millionmenexperiencethem.(僅在美國，就有大約2000萬女性和1000萬男性經歷過這種情況)”提及僅在美國就有大量女性和男性受其困擾。A選項Eatingdisordersaffectmillionsworldwide.(飲食失調影響著全球數百萬人)，既承接了前文對飲食失調的總體介紹，又與后文美國的具體數據相呼應，符合語境。故選A項。【17題詳解】該段主要介紹厭食癥(anorexianervosa)和貪食癥(bulimianervosa)這兩種由害怕增重引發的飲食失調類型。前句“Individualswithanorexiamayavoidfoodforextendedperiodsandexerciseandweighthemselvesmorethaniscommon.Bulimiaischaracterizedbyconsuminglargeamountsoffood,followedbypurging(瀉掉)whattheyhaveeaten.(患有厭食癥的人可能會長時間不吃東西，鍛煉身體，并且比普通人更重。暴食癥的特點是吃大量的食物，然后把吃過的東西清除掉)”分別描述了厭食癥患者長時間不進食、過度運動和稱重，貪食癥患者暴飲暴食后會瀉掉。B選項Bothdisorderscanresultinsevereweightloss.(這兩種失調都可能導致嚴重的體重減輕)總結了這兩種病癥的共同結果，符合上下文邏輯。故選B項。18題詳解】根據下文“Binge-eatingdisorderinvolvesconsuminglargeamountsoffoodrapidly,evenwhennothungry,oftenleadingtoobesity.Avoidant/restrictivefoodintakedisorder(ARFID),ontheotherhand,isunrelatedtobodyimage.Instead,individualsavoidfoodduetoitstaste,texture,orfearofchoking.(暴飲暴食癥是指即使在不餓的情況下也會迅速攝入大量食物，這通常會導致肥胖。另一方面，回避/限制性食物攝入障礙（ARFID）與身體形象無關。相反，人們會因為食物的味道、質地或害怕窒息而不吃食物)”可知，此段介紹了暴飲暴食癥(binge-eatingdisorder)和回避/限制性攝食障礙(ARFID)這兩種病癥并非由對體重的擔憂引發。E選項Notalleatingdisordersaredrivenbyweightconcerns.(并非所有的飲食失調都是由對體重的擔憂驅動的)作為段落開頭，引出下文對這兩種不同類型飲食失調的介紹。故選E項。【19題詳解】前文“Eatingdisordersoftenarisefromacombinationoffactors.(飲食失調通常是由多種因素共同引起的)提到飲食失調由多種因素引起，F選項Unrealisticbeautystandardsinmediacontributesignificantly.(媒體中不切實際的審美標準是重要誘因)具體舉例說明環境因素，與后文“家族史”“焦慮抑郁”并列，共同解釋成因。故選F項。【20題詳解】前文“Eatingdisorderscanleadtoseverehealthissues,includingdehydration,organfailure,heartattacks,andstrokes.(飲食失調會導致嚴重的健康問題，包括脫水、器官衰竭、心臟病發作和中風)”提及飲食失調會導致嚴重健康問題，后文“Recognizingsymptomsearlyiscrucial.Ifyouorsomeoneyouknowisstruggling,talktoatrustedadultorseekmedicalhelp.(及早發現癥狀至關重要。如果你或你認識的人正在掙扎，向一個信任的成年人談談或尋求醫療幫助)”說早期識別癥狀很關鍵，若有人受困擾應尋求幫助。D選項Thankfully,recoveryispossiblewithpropertreatment.(值得慶幸的是，通過適當治療恢復是可能的)在提及危害后，自然過渡到治療恢復的可能性，與后文尋求幫助的內容也相呼應。故選D項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenIcreatedahikingcourseforseventhandeighthgraders,Iaddedacurriculumcenteredaroundmindfulness,writingandcreatingart.Ithoughtthesunwouldshinedownuponus,andwe’dbe____21____fascinatedbynature.Butwhenwehadourfirstclass,itwasn’twhatIhad____22____.Ihadthestudentspilerocksandusedtherockstotalkabout____23____ourlives—choosingjoyoverstress.Mystudentsweren’tintoit.Iwenthomefeeling____24____.Thenit____25____me:theseyoungteenssimplyneededfreedomtoexplore.SoIabandonedmy____26____lessonsandletthemwanderthroughthewoods,observingandenjoyingtheirsurroundings.The____27____wasremarkable.Theirfaceslitupwithjoyeachweek.LivinginnorthernMichigansometimesmeantwewentoutsideinfreezingcoldweather,butgivingthemspaceworked____28____.Theythrewsnowballs,collectedbirdfeathers,____29____thechangingleavesandwatchedasriversflowedby.Oneday,theywere____30____landartwithrocksandautumnleaveswhen:amanappeared,playingaflute.Thestudentsgatheredaroundhimand____31____forhimafterthesongwasover.Oneboyskippedbacktohiscreation,declaring,“I’mso____32____.”Thestudentsdidn’tneed____33____lessonplansorartsupplies.Alltheyneededwas____34____beingoutdoors.Fromthenon,that’sallIgavethem.____35____gavethemspacetoforgetalltheirdailyworriesandbekidsagain.21.A.occasionally B.naturally C.intentionally D.temporarily22.A.comeacross B.putdown C.respondedto D.hopedfor23.A.balancing B.transforming C.controlling D.influencing24.A.rewarded B.defeated C.motivated D.amused25.A.warned B.assumed C.impressed D.struck26A.entertaining B.inspiring C.structured D.well-received27.A.discovery B.change C.performance D.creativity28.A.opportunities B.desires C.wonders D.resources29.A.observed B.folded C.painted D.tore30.A.displaying B.studying C.evaluating D.creating31.A.waited B.applied C.clapped D.searched32.A.delighted B.surprised C.worried D.exhausted33.A.realistic B.flexible C.fancy D.original34.A.just B.also C.even D.hardly35.A.Belief B.Nature C.Distance D.Communication【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.B25.D26.C27.B28.C29.A30.D31.C32.A33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述作者在帶領學生戶外徒步課程中，從最初按預設課程教學效果不佳，到后來讓學生自由探索自然，最終收獲驚喜的經歷，強調自然給予孩子的力量。【21題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我認為陽光會照耀著我們，我們自然會被大自然所吸引。A.occasionally偶爾；B.naturally自然地；C.intentionally故意地；D.temporarily暫時地。根據上文“Ithoughtthesunwouldshinedownuponus”可知，作者認為在陽光的照耀下，我們自然地會被大自然吸引，故選B項。【22題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：但當我們上第一節課時，情況并非我所期望的那樣。A.comeacross偶然遇見；B.putdown放下；C.respondedto回應；D.hopedfor期望。根據下文“Mystudentsweren’tintoit”可知，下文提到了學生并不喜歡，可推理出此處說的是實際情況與作者期望的不同，故選D項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我讓學生們堆石頭，并用這些石頭來談論如何平衡我們的生活——選擇快樂而不是壓力。A.balancing平衡；B.transforming轉變；C.controlling控制；D.influencing影響。根據下文“choosingjoyoverstress”可知，下文提到了選擇快樂而非壓力，可推理出此處說的是平衡生活，故選A項。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我回家時感到挫敗。A.rewarded得到回報的；B.defeated挫敗的；C.motivated有動力的；D.amused被逗樂的。根據上文“Mystudentsweren’tintoit”可知，上文提到了學生并不喜歡，因為學生對自己的課程不感興趣，所以作者感覺挫敗，故選B項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我突然想到：這些青少年只需要探索的自由。A.warned警告；B.assumed假設；C.impressed給……留下印象；D.struck突然想到。根據下文“theseyoungteenssimplyneededfreedomtoexplore”可知，下文說的是這些青少年只需要探索的自由，這是作者突然想到的，故選D項。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我放棄了我有組織的課程，讓他們在樹林里漫步，觀察和欣賞周圍的環境。A.