Unit1Usinglanguage習題檢測一、選用適當的單詞或短語補全句子根據句意，選擇單詞或短語并以其適當形式填空。inchargeof,comedown,aboveall,breakout,focuson,comeupwith,haveanimpacton,tracebackto,intheformof,benefitfrom1．Weshall________theneedsofthecustomer.2．Severalofthemembershave________suggestionsoftheirown.3．Theteacher,whohastaughtforover30years,is________theschoolwork.4．Inhowmanywayswillotherpeople________youreffortstoday?5．________,Ihavelearnedthatsmileisthekeytosolvinganyproblem.6．Churchesareoftenbuilt________across.7．Modernfarmingmethodscan________theenvironment.8．Afire________lastnight,whichcausedalotofdamage.9．He________withaseverediseasebecausehewasinfectedwiththevirus.10．Hisfearofsnakes________anexperienceinhischildhood.二、用適當的單詞或所給單詞的適當形式完成句子11．Shespokebravely________defenceofthefreedomofspeech.12．Thepolicearrivedatthesceneandconcludedthatthedriverwas________fault.13．Icome________withfluandamunabletogotowork.14．Thepolicechargedthethief________stealingthejewels.15．Theirhelpersare________(gift)withamazingpowersofpatience.16．________(drive)byasenseofcommitment,agreatmanyjoinedthearmytoresisttheJapaneseinvadersanddefendthehonourofthenation.17．CharlieChaplinwalkedin,________(follow)byacrowdofphotographers.18．Theirhomesaresmallanddark,________(furnish)withonlyafewwoodenchairs,atableandafewbeds.19．Once,________(invite)todinneratauniversity,hewasputonthespotwhenthepresidentsuddenlyaskedhimtogiveaspeech.20．Thepresidentappeared,_________(accompany)bysixstrongbodyguards.三、閱讀理解A(2022全國乙卷)Canasmallgroupofdrones(無人機)guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday’s“eyesinthesky”technologytomakesurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure(基礎設施)worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient(高效)acrosstheboard.Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews’efforts.Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon’tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.21．Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?A．Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines. B．Drones’abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.C．Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones. D．Drones’reliableperformanceinremoteareas.22．Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A．Personnelsafety. B．Assistancefromdrones.C．Inspectionandrepair. D．Constructionofinfrastructure.23．Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?A．Toprovideearlywarning. B．Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.C．Toearnprofitsforthecrews. D．Toacceleratetransportation.24．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDrones.B．HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpanded.C．WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFace.D．HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailways.B(2022年高考英語浙江卷（1月）)TheUnitedStatesrosetoglobalpoweronthestrengthofitstechnology,andthelifebloodthattechnologyhaslongbeenelectricity.Byprovidinglong-distancecommunicationandenergy,electricitycreatedthemodemworld.Yetproperlyunderstood,theageofelectricityismerelythesecondstageintheageofsteam,whichbeganacenturyearlier."Itiscuriousthatnoonehasputtogetherahistoryofboththesteamandelectricrevolutions."writesMauryKleininhisbookThePowerMakers,Steam,Electricity,andtheMenInventedModernAmerica.Klein,anotedhistorianoftechnology,spinsanarrativesolivelythatattimesitreadslikeanovel.Thestorybeginsinthelastyearsofthe18thcenturyinScotland,whereWattperfected"themachinethatchangedtheworld".Kleinwrites,“Americadidnotinventthesteamengine,butoncetheygraspeditspasswordstheyputittomoreusesthananyoneelse.”Meanwhile,overthecourseof19thcentury,electricitywentfrommerecuriositytoabasicnecessity.Morseinventedacodeforsendingmessagesoveranelectromagneticcircuit.Bellthengavethetelegraphavoice.EdisonperfectedanincandescentbullsthatbroughtelectriclightintotheAmericanhome.Mostimportantly,Edisonrealizedthatsuccessdependedonmasselectrification,whichheshowedinNewYorkCity.WithhelpfromTesla,Westinghouse'sfirmdevelopedasystemusingalternatingcurrent,whichsoonbecamethemajorformsofpowerdelivery.Toframehisstory,KleincreatesthecharacterofNed,afictionalwitnesstotheprogressbroughtaboutbythesteamsandelectricrevolutionsinAmericaduringoneman'slifetime.It'satechniquethathelpsturnalongnarrativeintoaninterestingone.25．WhatisKlein'sunderstandingoftheageofelectricity?A．Itiscloselylinkedtothesteamage.B．Itbeganearlierthanproperthought.C．Itisalittle-studiedperiodofhistory.D．Itwillcometoanendsoonerorlater.26．WhatcanbeinferredaboutNed?A．HewasborninNewYorkCity. B．Hewrotemanyincreasingstories,C．Hecreatedanelectricitycompany. D．Helivedmainlyinthe19thcentury.27．Whatisthetext?A．Abiography. B．Abookreview. C．Ashortstory. D．Asciencereport.四、語法填空(2023四川樂山第三次調研)Fiveoutstandingresearchersreceivedthisyear’sL’Oreal-UNESCOForWomeninScienceAwardataceremonyinParis,France28Fridayeveningfortheirpioneeringresearchinthelifesciences.Oneofthe29(receive)wasChineseancientvertebrates(脊椎動物)scientistZhangMiman.82-year-oldZhang,also30(know)asMeemannChang,isapalaeontologist(古生物學家)attheInstituteofVertebratePalaeontologyandPalaeoanthropology(IVPP).Manyspecies,suchastheextinctfishMeemannia,havebeennamedinhonorofher.In2016,Zhang