Book2Unit5FirstAID課文譯文及知識點講解目錄壹上節(jié)內(nèi)容復(fù)習(xí)Reviewbeforeclass貳課程內(nèi)容教學(xué)Coursecontentteaching肆課后作業(yè)布置Homeworkarrangement叁課堂難點分析DifficultyanalysisCONTENTS第一章課文譯文MayIbestrenuous,energeticandpersevering!MayIbepatient!MayIbeabletobearandforbearthewrongsofothers!MayIeverkeepapromisegiven!01FIRSTAIDFORBURNS燒傷急救處理Theskinisanessentialpartofyourbodyandisitslargestorgan.Yourskinactsasabarrieragainstdisease,toxins,andthesun’srays.Italsohelpscontrolyourbodytemperature,preventsyourbodyfromlosingtoomuchwater,warnsyouwhenthingsaretoohotorcold,andgivesyouyoursenseoftouch.Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsisgivingfirstaid.

皮膚是人體必不可少的一部分，也是人體最大的器官。皮膚是一道屏障，能阻擋疾病、毒素和太陽光線的侵入。皮膚還有助于控制體溫，防止身體流失過多的水分，在外物過熱或過冷時發(fā)出警告，并使你擁有觸覺?？上攵?，燒傷會造成嚴(yán)重后果。在處理燒傷時，第一步也是最重要的一步就是采取急救措施。01CAUSESOFBURNS

燒傷的原因Youcangetburntbyavarietyofthings:hotliquids,steam,fire,radiation,thesun,electricity,acids,orotherchemicals.很多東西都會造成燒傷：灼熱的液體、蒸汽、明火、輻射、太陽光、電流、酸性物質(zhì)或其他化學(xué)品。TYPESOFBURNS

燒傷的種類Burnsaredividedintothreetypes,dependingonthedepthofskindamage.根據(jù)皮膚損傷的深度，燒傷分為三類。01

First-degreeburnsTheseaffectonlythetopfewmillimetresoftheskin.Theseburnsarenotserious.Examplesincludemildsunburnandburnscausedbyotherminorhouseholdincidents.

一度燒傷：僅傷及最上層幾毫米的皮膚。此類燒傷并不嚴(yán)重，如輕度的曬傷和其他輕微家庭事故造成的燒傷。

Second-degreeburnsThesegobelowthetoplayeroftheskin.Theyareseriousandtakeafewweekstogetbetter.Examplesincludeburnscausedbyhotliquids.

二度燒傷：傷及最上層皮膚以下的部位。此類燒傷較為嚴(yán)重，需要數(shù)周時間才能康復(fù)，如灼熱的液體造成的燒傷。01

Third-degreeburnsTheseaffecteverylayeroftheskin,andsometimesthetissueunderit.Examplesincludeburnscausedbyelectricshocks,burningclothes,orpetrolfires.Theseburnscauseverysevereinternalinjuriesandthevictimmustgotothehospitalatonce.

三度燒傷：傷及每一層皮膚，有時甚至傷及皮下組織，如因電擊灼傷、衣服著火造成的燒傷，或汽油起火造成的燒傷。此類燒傷會引起非常嚴(yán)重的內(nèi)部損傷，傷者必須立即送往醫(yī)院。

01CHARACTERISTICSOFBURNSFirst-degreeburns

?dry,red,andmildly

swollen

?mildlypainful

?turnwhitewhenpressedSecond-degreeburns

?redandswollen;blisters;waterysurface

?extremelypainfulThird-degreeburns

?blackandwhite

?swollen;thetissueunderneathcanoftenbeseen

?littleornopainifnervesaredamaged;

?maybepainfularoundtheedgesoftheburn燒傷的特點一度燒傷干燥、發(fā)紅、微腫微痛受壓時變白二度燒傷發(fā)紅、腫脹；起水皰；表層滲液極度疼痛三度燒傷皮膚發(fā)黑或變白腫脹；通常可見皮下組織如神經(jīng)受損，則微痛或無痛感；創(chuàng)面邊緣或有痛感01FIRST-AIDTREATMENT

急救處理1.Placeburnsundercoolrunningwater,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.Thecoolwaterstopstheburningprocessandreducesthepainandswelling.將燒傷部位放在流動的冷水下沖洗，尤其在前十分鐘。冷水沖洗可阻止燒傷進程，緩解疼痛和腫脹2.Drytheburntareagentlywithacleancloth.用干凈的布輕輕吸干燒傷部位的水分。013.Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabric

stickingtotheburntskin.如有必要，用剪刀剪掉燒傷部位的衣服，除非衣服與被燒傷的皮膚粘連在一起。4.Covertheburntareawithaloosecleancloth.Applyingoiltotheinjuredareasisabadidea,asitwillkeeptheheatinthewoundsandmaycauseinfection.4.用寬松干凈的布蓋住燒傷部位。在受傷處涂抹油膏不可取，因為這會阻礙傷口散熱，而且可能引發(fā)感染。015.Ifburnsareontheface,makesurethevictimcanstillbreathe.如果燒傷部位在臉上，應(yīng)確保傷者仍可呼吸。6.Ifthevictimissufferingfromsecondorthird-degreeburns,thereisanurgentneedtotakehim/hertothehospitalatonce.如果傷者是二度或三度燒傷，必須立刻送往醫(yī)院。第二章寫作手法MayIbestrenuous,energeticandpersevering!MayIbepatient!MayIbeabletobearandforbearthewrongsofothers!MayIeverkeepapromisegiven!01FIRSTAIDFORBURNSTheskinisanessentialpartofyourbodyandisitslargestorgan.Yourskinactsasabarrieragainstdisease,toxins,andthesun’srays.Italsohelpscontrolyourbodytemperature,preventsyourbodyfromlosingtoomuchwater,warnsyouwhenthingsaretoohotorcold,andgivesyouyoursenseoftouch.

Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.

Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsisgivingfirstaid.皮膚的功能及重要性皮膚受到傷害的后果燒傷、燙傷、灼傷急救的意義寫作手法：過程說明法01CAUSESOFBURNSYoucangetburntbyavarietyofthings:hotliquids,steam,fire,radiation,thesun,electricity,acids,orotherchemicals.TYPESOFBURNSBurnsaredividedintothreetypes,dependingonthedepthofskindamage.

First-degreeburnsTheseaffectonlythetopfewmillimetresoftheskin.Theseburnsarenotserious.Examplesincludemildsunburnandburnscausedbyotherminorhouseholdincidents.

Second-degreeburnsThesegobelowthetoplayeroftheskin.Theyareseriousandtakeafewweekstogetbetter.Examplesincludeburnscausedbyhotliquids.

Third-degreeburnsTheseaffecteverylayeroftheskin,andsometimesthetissueunderit.Examplesincludeburnscausedbyelectricshocks,burningclothes,orpetrolfires.Theseburnscauseverysevereinternalinjuriesandthevictimmustgotothehospitalatonce.寫作手法：列舉寫作手法：分類01FIRST-AIDTREATMENT1.Placeburnsundercoolrunningwater,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.Thecoolwaterstopstheburningprocessandreducesthepainandswelling.2.Drytheburntareagentlywithacleancloth.3.Removeanyclothes

usingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.4.Covertheburntareawithaloosecleancloth.Applyingoiltotheinjuredareasisabadidea,asitwillkeeptheheatinthewoundsandmaycauseinfection.5.Ifburnsareontheface,makesurethevictimcanstillbreathe.6.Ifthevictimissufferingfromsecondorthird-degreeburns,thereisanurgentneedtotakehim/hertothehospitalatonce.寫作手法：過程說明法01第三章知識點講解MayIbestrenuous,energeticandpersevering!MayIbepatient!MayIbeabletobearandforbearthewrongsofothers!MayIeverkeepapromisegiven!011.Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.可想而知，燒傷會造成嚴(yán)重后果。①Asyoucanimagine是由as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，這里as的意思是“正如”，指代后面整句話的內(nèi)容。這個用法與which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句類似，但which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句位于主句之后，而as引導(dǎo)的定語從句位置則相對靈活，在句首、句中或句末都可以。Theearth,asweallknow,movesroundthesun.Aswehadexpected,thesoccerteamwonthegameagain.Heisabsent,asisoftenthecase.Hemayhaveseriousstomachache,whichmakeshimkeepthrowingup.011.Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.②get常與過去分詞連用(尤其是形容詞化的過去分詞)，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示狀態(tài)的變化，即動作的結(jié)果?！癵et+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的常見搭配有g(shù)etlost、getstuck、getarrested、getcaught、getbroken、getdressed、getmarried等。Workersinurbanareasusuallygetpaidbythehour.Don'tplaywithknives.Youmightgethurt.Thestudentsaregettingpreparedforthesportsmeet.除了get之外，become和grow等動詞也有類似用法。Soontheroombecamecrowded.Myeyessoongrewaccustomedtothedarkness.012.Burnsaredividedintothreetypes,dependingonthedepthofskindamage.根據(jù)皮膚損傷的深度，燒傷或燙傷可分為三種類型。dependingon…為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作___________。Allaroundtheworld,theRedCrosscontinuestohelpcivilians（平民）

caughtinwar,providingmedicalassistance,feedingtheneedy,andofferingmanyothertypesofaid.(Unit5課后閱讀HOWONEMANAMDEADIFFERENCE)Sincethefoodisn’tbeingshippedtotheotherssideoftheworld,itcanbepickedwhenitisinseason,allowingtheplantstodevelopfully,resultinginbetterflavourandnutrition.(Unit3課后閱讀FARM-TO-TABLE)方式狀語01(1)Then,_________(stand)behindZhang,ChendidtheHeimlichmanoeuvre(2)Tosolvethisproblem,in1974,anAmericandoctor,HenryHeimilich,createdtheHeimilichmanoeuvre,_________(save)thousandsoflivesaroundtheworld.(3)_________(grab)yourfistwithyourotherhandtightly,pushupandintohisstomachinonemotion.(4)Removeanyclothes_______(use)scissors.

(5)Onthefarm,weworkedhardwiththefarmers,pickingwatermelonsandcarriedthemtothetruck.(鄭州市2023年一模改錯)standingsavingGrabbing即學(xué)即練carryingusing013.Examplesincludemildsunburnandburnscausedbyotherminorhouseholdincidents.

如輕度的曬傷和其他輕微家庭事故造成的燒傷。(P50)causedby為過去分詞短語作________。CompareandFindTheboysittingbythewindowisTom.TheboynamedTomwashurtinthecaraccident.

Thebuildingcompletedlastmonthisourschoollibrary.Themeetingbeingheldnowisofgreatimportance.

Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowwillbeputoff.定語011.Despitethis,hecontiuedtoworkasavolunteer,helpingproviderelieftopeople_________(catch)upinwar.(Unit5課后閱讀HOWONEMANMADEADIFFERENCE)2.ZhanTianyou,now_________(know)astheFatherofChina’sRilroad,servedhiscountryfor31years,improvinglifeformillionsofpeople.(Unit2ZhanTianyou:theFatherofChina’sRailroad)3.In1872,a12-year-oldChineseboyboardedaship________(head)fortheUSA.4.Asweflowdowntheriver,wearesurroundedbysteephills________(stick)upintothesky---karsts(喀斯特).(Unit4課后讀寫)即學(xué)即練caughtknownheadingsticking014.Applyingoiltotheinjuredareasisabadidea,asitwillkeeptheheatinthewoundsandmaycauseinfection.apply是動詞，意思是“涂；敷”，即toputorspreadsomethingsuchaspaint,cream,etc.ontoasurface。Applythecreamevenlytoyourfaceandneck.將乳霜均勻地涂在面部和頸部。教材中還出現(xiàn)了apply表示“申請；請求”和“使用；應(yīng)用”的含義。Thenewtechnologywasappliedtofarming.Hehasjoinedtojointhearmy.1.只有用這種方式，我們才能把理論應(yīng)用于實踐。_________________________________________________2.她申請到當(dāng)?shù)鼐炀止ぷ?。_____________________withthelocalpolicestation.01即學(xué)即練Onlyinthiswaycanweapplytheorytopractice.Sheappliedforajob015.Applyingoiltotheinjuredareaisabadidea,asitwillkeeptheheatinthewoundsandmaycauseinfection.在受傷部位涂油不是好辦法，因為這樣做會阻礙傷口散熱，而且可能引發(fā)感染。

theinjuredarea是過去分詞位于名詞之前作定語的用法。在語義上，過去分詞作定語表示被修飾的名詞與該動詞是被動關(guān)系；在時間上，表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成。類似的例子：fallen

leaves

(落葉)、retireddoctors(退休的醫(yī)生)、boiledwater(開水)。Weneededmuchmorequalifiedworkers.我們需要更多合格的工人。第四章課文語法填空MayIbestrenuous,energeticandpersevering!MayIbepatient!MayIbeabletobearandforbearthewrongsofothers!MayIeverkeepapromisegiven!Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.Burnsare____________threetypes,____________thedepthofskindamage.First-degreeburns：Theseaffectonlythetopfew

__________oftheskin.Theseburnsarenotserious.Examplesincludemildsunburnandburns________byotherminorhouseholdincidents.