Unit5Poems-Grammar—定語從句&Writing—詩評—藝術展覽通知Grammar——定語從句1.Theboyswhohadnevercomeacrossanythinglikethisbeforestartedjumpingoutofthewindows.2.Butlastweekendanotherteacher，Jenny，andIdidvisitavillagewhichisthehomeofoneoftheboys，Tombe.3.Theboy(whom)theteacheroftenpraisesistheirmonitor.4.Thereweredeepcracksthat/whichappearedinthewellwalls.5.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.6.AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.7.Butitwasalsoatimewhenthereweremanygreatphilosophers.8.Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.9.Doyouknowthegirlwith/towhomtheteachertalkedjustnow?【自主發現】1.關系代詞who，which，that，whose，whom，在定語從句中可充當主語、定語、賓語、表語。2.關系副詞when，where，why，在定語從句中可充當時間、地點、原因狀語。3.“介詞＋關系代詞”引導定語從句。一、關系代詞的基本用法關系代詞先行詞在從句中充當的成分who人主、賓、表whom人賓which物主、賓、表that人或物主、賓、表as人或物主、賓、表whose人或物定Theoldman(who/whom/that)wevisitedyesterdayisafamousartist.我們昨天拜訪的那位老人是位著名的藝術家。MissWangistakingcareofthechildwhoseparentshavegonetoBeijing.王小姐正在照顧那個父母去了北京的小孩。Thisisthetextbook(that/which)heislookingfor.這就是他正在找的課本。用關系代詞填空①Doyouknowthemanistalkingwithyourmother?②Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethosearetotallyengaged(參與)inacademiclife.③Thisisthepersonyoushouldthankforhelpingyourson.④Look，herearesomepeopleIwantyoutomeet.⑤Thepicturewasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.⑥Dr.Rowan，secretaryresignedtwoweeksago，hashadtodoallhisowntyping.【答案】1.who/that2.who/that3.who/whom4.who/whom/that5.that/which6.whose二、關系代詞的使用注意事項1.who可取代whom在從句中作動詞的賓語，也可省略。直接跟在介詞后面作賓語時，只能用whom，且不能省略。2.whose既表示人又表示物，在從句中作定語，往往修飾名詞，whose常表達“某人的，某物的”之意。whose表示物時，whose＋名詞＝the＋名詞＋ofwhich。Theyarelookingforthepatientonwhomdoctorshavejustperformedanoperation.他們正在尋找醫生剛剛給做過手術的那位病人。Pleasepassmethebookwhosecover(＝thecoverofwhich)isgreen.請遞給我那本綠皮的書。3.指物時用that而不用which的情況(1)當先行詞為all，everything，nothing，anything，something，none，few，little，much等不定代詞時。All(that)thegraduatelacksispractice.那位畢業生缺少的只是實踐。(2)當先行詞被very，both，theonly，all，every，no，any，little，much，some修飾時。ThisistheonlycoatthatIhave.這是我擁有的唯一的外套。(3)當先行詞被形容詞的最高級修飾或序數詞修飾時。ThisisthemostattractivematchthatIhavewatched.這是我所看過的最吸引人的一場比賽。(4)當并列的兩個先行詞(分別表示人和物時)被同一個從句修飾時，關系代詞用that。Shetookphotosofpeopleandthings(that)shewasinterestedin.她給她所感興趣的人和物拍照。(5)主句是以who，which，what開頭的特殊疑問句時，定語從句一般用that引導，不用who或which。Whowasthepersonthathelpedthegirlout?幫助那個女孩擺脫困境的人是誰？(6)當關系代詞在從句中作表語時，常用that。Yourdiseaseisnotthecasethatitusedtobe.你的病已經不是過去的情況了。4.在下列情況下卻只用which而不用that(1)當先行詞表示事物意義，并且在從句中作介詞的賓語，那么就只能用which。Theworldinwhichweliveismadeofmatter.我們生活于其中的世界是由物質組成的。(2)在非限定性定語從句中，當關系詞表示事物意義時，只能用which。Thesunheatstheearth，whichmakesitpossibleforplantstogrow.太陽給予大地熱量，這就使植物的生長成為可能。5.用as引導限制性定語從句的情況(1)such＋名詞＋as...“像……一樣的……”Doyouhavesuchbooksaswelike?你有我們喜歡的那種書嗎？(2)thesame＋名詞＋as...“和……同樣……”It’sthesamepersonaswewantedtofindyesterday.他/她就是我們昨天要找的人。(3)as＋形容詞＋名詞＋as...“像……一樣的……”Shewillmarryaswealthyamanasshecanfind.她將嫁給一個她能找到的有錢人。用關系代詞填空①ThisisthemostbeautifulparkIhavevisited.②Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthingsweremember.③ThehouseinIusedtolivehasbecomeashoeshop.④NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield，sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.⑤Ihavethesamemagazineyouboughtjustnow.【答案】1.that2.that3.which4.which5.as三、關系副詞的基本用法關系副詞when，why，where在定語從句中分別代替表示時間、原因、地點的先行詞，并分別在從句中作時間、原因、地點狀語。另外關系副詞也可根據其在句中的搭配關系，轉換成“介詞＋關系代詞”的結構。關系副詞被代替的先行詞在從句中的作用when表示時間的名詞時間狀語where表示地點的名詞地點狀語why表示原因的名詞(只用reason)原因狀語Wedon’tknowtheexacttimewhen(＝atwhich)theEnglishEveningwillbeheld.我們不知道英語晚會舉行的確切時間。(時間狀語)Beijingistheplacewhere(＝inwhich)Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。(地點狀語)Isthisthereasonwhy(＝forwhich)herefusedouroffer?這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？(原因狀語)用適當的關系詞填空①Wehaveenteredintoanagedreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.②Thefactoryhisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.③Thisisthereasonhewaslateforthemeeting.【答案】1.when2.where3.why四、關系副詞使用時注意事項1.如果引導詞在從句中作主語、賓語或表語，則用關系代詞that/which引導。Atlasthegottheposition(that/which)hehadbeendreamingof.他最終得到了他夢寐以求的那個職位。Doyoustillrememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherinschool?你還記得我們一起在學校度過的那些日子嗎？2.當先行詞為表示方式的theway時，從句不能用how來引導，應該用that或inwhich，或省略不用。Weadmiretheway(that/inwhich)hesolvedtheproblem.我們敬佩他解決這一問題的方式。3.表示抽象地點的名詞(case，scene，situation，condition，life，point等)作先行詞，且從句中缺少地點狀語時，常用關系副詞where引導定語從句。Therearecaseswhere(＝inwhich)theword“mighty”isusedasanadverb.在一些情況下，mighty一詞可用作副詞。4.occasion等作先行詞時，且從句中缺少時間狀語，常用關系副詞when。Thereareoccasionswhen(＝onwhich)onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。(時間狀語)用適當的關系詞填空①Canyouhelpmetothinkofareasonseemsreasonableformybeingabsent?②Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarmwevisitedthreemonthsago?③Idon’tlikethewayinyouspeaktoher.④Theirchildisatthestageshecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.⑤Thewayheexplainedtouswasquitesimple.⑥OccasionsarequiterareIhavethetimetospendadaywiththekids.⑦Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe，ChinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspotitcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.⑧Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatientreachesthepointhecanwalkcorrectlyandsafely.⑨Thisisthecasehe’shadallhismoneystolen.【答案】1.that/which2.that/which/不填3.which4.where5.(that/inwhich)6.when7.where8.where9.where五、“介詞＋which/whom”引導的定語從句1.“介詞＋關系代詞”結構引導定語從句時，關系代詞只能用which(指物)或whom(指人)，即介詞＋which/whom，并且不能省略。Ifyouhaveanythingonwhichyouwantmyopinions，feelfreetoseeme.如果你們有什么事需要征求我的意見的話，隨時來找我。Itookaphotoofthestudents，amongwhomwasseatedateacher.我給這些學生拍了一張照片，他們中間坐著一位老師。2.“介詞＋關系代詞(which/whom)”中介詞的選擇：一先，二動，三意義。“一先”，即根據先行詞來確定介詞。ThefactoryinwhichI’mworkingmainlyproducescomputers.我工作所在的工廠主要生產電腦。(inwhich代替inthefactory，“在工廠里”用介詞in。)“二動”，即根據定語從句中的謂語動詞來確定介詞。Inthedarkstreettherewasn’tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.在漆黑的街道上她沒有一個人可以求助。(towhom代替toaperson；turntosbforhelp“向某人求助”。)“三意義”，即根據定語從句的意義來確定介詞。IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5：30p.m.，bywhichtimemanypeoplehavegonehome.在辦公室里，我要到下午5：30之后才能有點空閑，到那時，許多人已經回家了。3.介詞前有時加名詞、數詞、不定代詞等，構成“名詞/數詞/不定代詞＋ofwhich/whom”結構，在定語從句中作主語。Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures，eachofwhichusesitdifferently.英語是一種多元文化共享的語言，每一種文化使用它的方式各不相同。Icollectedsomebooks，thecoversofwhich(＝whosecovers/ofwhichthecovers)areyellowwithyears.我收藏了一些書，它們的封面因年代久遠都變黃了。4.“復合介詞＋which”引導的定語從句，常用逗號與先行詞隔開，而且定語從句常用倒裝語序。Helivedinabighouse，infrontofwhichstoodabigtalltree.他住在一幢大房子里，房前有一棵大樹。單句語法填空①Manylessonsarenowavailableonline，fromstudentscanchooseforfree.(2020·江蘇卷單選改編)②Theoldmanhastwosons，bothofarelawyers.③Mycomputer，withoutIcan’tsurftheInternet，brokedownyesterday.④Theauthorwhomallofusarefamiliarwillvisitourcompany.⑤Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall，whichhecouldseewhatwashappeninginsidethehouse.⑥Scientistshavecomeupwithmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanscry，noneofhasbeenproved.【答案】1.which2.whom3.which4.with5.through6.whichⅠ.單句語法填空1.Thatisthegirltoyoutalkedjustnow.2.Doyouknowthenameofthatgirlbrotherisyourroommate?3.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitiestheycangainexperienceforgrowth.4.Iamlookingforwardtothedaymydaughtercanreadthisbookandknowmyfeelingsforher.5.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear，90%ofaresoldabroad.6.Thereasonhewaslatewasthatsomethingwaswrongwithhisbikeontheway.7.Sometimeafter10，000BC，peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylived，throughagriculture.8.InancientChinalivedanartistpaintingswerealmostlifelike.9.The80，000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane，forexample，formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseumopenedin1759.10.Self-drivingisanareaChinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.【答案】1.whom2.whose3.where4.when5.which6.why7.in8.whose9.which/that10.whereⅡ.補全句子1.Alltheneighborsadmirethisfamily.所有的鄰居都很羨慕這家人，他們的父母把孩子當朋友一樣對待。2.Thisisthemostwonderfulnovel.這是我曾經看過的最精彩的小說。3.Themovie，AmazingChina，，isveryencouraging.我昨天晚上看的電影《厲害了，我的國》令人倍受鼓舞。4.ImadeacardforMom，.我給媽媽制作了一張卡片，她最愛我。5.IlikethesenamesofChinesesnacks，.我喜歡這些中國小吃的名字，因為它們反映了中國人的智慧。6.WatchingTV，，canobviouslyincreaseourknowledge.看電視是放松休息的好方式。它顯然還能增加我們的知識。7.Anystudentcangethelpfromthegovernment.任何家庭太窮而無法上學的學生都可以從政府獲得幫助。8.IwishtothankProfessorBrown，Iwouldneverhavegotthis.我要感謝布朗教授，沒有他的幫助我不可能得到這個。【答案】1.wheretheparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend2.thatIhaveeverread3.whichIwatchedlastnight4.wholovesmemost5.whichreflectthewisdomofChinesepeople6.whichisagoodwaytorelax7.whosefamilyistoopoortogotoschool8.withoutwhosehelpⅢ.語法填空PollutiontakesawayallthebeautyofthebeachesofHawaii.Ihatetogotothebeacheson1.____________(sun)weekendsandseerubbishbagslyingonthesand，cigarettebutts(煙頭)2.____________(bury)inthesand，andsodacansfloatingintheocean.OnethingthatreallyannoysmeisthatIsee3.____________(tour)whovisitHawaiileavetheirrubbishonthebeaches.Iwasalwaystaughtafterdrinkingsodatothrowthecanintotheplace4.____________itshouldstay—thetrashcan.Anotherthingthatannoysmeisthatsomepeoplewalkrightbyrubbish5.____________pretendthatit’snotthere.Thedogsorthefisharenottoblame6.____________it.It’sourfaultandwemustblame7.____________(we).Everyonehastodohisorherpart8.____________(solve)thisproblem.Itcan’tbedifficulttodothejob.Therearealotofthingsthatwecando.Firstofall，wecanhelppickuprubbishalongthebeaches.Wecouldalsoformorganizationsthathelpcleanupourbeaches.More9.____________(important)，weneedtostartnowbeforethebeaches10.____________(damage)beyondrepair.【語篇解讀】本文主要討論了海灘污染的問題。【答案】1.sunny考查詞形轉換。修飾名詞一般用形容詞，故用形容詞sunny修飾其后的名詞weekends。2.buried考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，bury和其邏輯主語cigarettebutts構成動賓關系，故用其過去分詞形式作賓語補足語。3.tourists考查詞形轉換。結合定語從句的關系詞who可知，此處的先行詞為表示人的名詞，且定語從句中的謂語動詞為復數，故用名詞復數形式。4.where考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語，修飾先行詞theplace，故填where。5.but考查連詞。根據語境可知，空處前后存在邏輯上的轉折關系，故用連詞but。6.for考查介詞。此處考查固定詞組betoblameforsth“對某事負有責任”，故用介詞for。7.ourselves考查代詞。與句子主語we呼應，此處應用反身代詞ourselves作動詞blame的賓語。8.tosolve考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，此處應用動詞不定式，表目的。9.importantly考查副詞。副詞一般修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞，甚至整個句子，在句子中作狀語。故用副詞importantly，修飾整個句子。10.aredamaged考查動詞的時態和語態。分析句子結構可知，damage和主語thebeaches之間是被動關系，根據該句中的“need”可知，此處敘述一般的情況，故用一般現在時的被動語態。Writing——詩評一、寫作分析寫詩評就是要求我們就有關詩歌進行分析和評論。當然這必須建立在很好地把握原詩主旨的基礎之上，而非羅列原詩的詩句。一首好的詩歌，自然有動人之處。可側重詩中最打動你的某一方面抒發自己的感想。二、篇章結構第一段：簡述詩歌內容。第二段：談談自己的感受。三、語言特點根據高考的要求，中學階段的詩評不可能做過多的發揮，評價詩歌要言簡意賅，寫出精彩之處，不要拖沓冗長，重復表述。一、常用詞匯1.typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的2.creativeadj.有創意的3.arousev.引起4.appealto吸引5.bebasedon基于……6.haveaninfluenceon對……有影響7.besetin以……為背景8.referto涉及二、常用句式詩歌內容1.Thisisapoemwrittenby...2.Thepoem，whoseauthoris...，showsthedeepestfeelingson...3.Writtenby...，thepoemgivesusavividpictureof...4.Itsconcretecontentgoesasfollows.評論感受1.Wecanappreciatetheimageof...throughthepieceofpoem.2.Obviously，thepoemaimstoshow...3.Thewriterexpressedhis/herfeelingof...inthepoem.4.Thispoemhassuccessfullytouchedtheheartsofthereaders.請閱讀下面這首小詩，然后按要求與提示寫一篇100詞左右的短文。APoemofanIraqiChildMumistearing.Dad，wheredidyougo?Iamscaredfromhearttosoul.MumandIneededyousomuch.Butwhathappened？PeoplesaythatIamtooyoungtoknow.Iheardtheterriblesoundandsmelledthesmoke.Dad，comeback.Butwhathappened？Idon’tknow.MumandIloveyousomuch.Dad，wheredidyougo?Shesaysyouwillbeback.MumandImissedyousomuch.Withgoodnewsandhope.第一步審題謀篇體裁詩評時態一般現在時為主主題渴望和平的詩歌人稱第三人稱布局第一段：簡述詩歌內容第二段：談論對這首詩歌的感受第二步要點翻譯1.我們看到，而不是被告知，伊拉克處于戰爭狀態。WeareshowntoldthatIraqisatwar.2.伊拉克人民飽受戰爭之苦。Iraqipeoplearethewar.3.他們現在不得不分開了，但是，他們心里仍然有希望。Theyhavetobeseparatedatthemoment，however，theystill.4.他們相信勝利將屬于他們。Theybelievethevictorywill.【答案】1.ratherthan2.sufferingalotfrom3.havethehopeintheirmind4.belongtothem第三步詞句升級1.用分詞作定語合并句子。Thisisapoem.ItwaswrittenbyanIraqichild.→ThisisapoembyanIraqichild.【答案】written2.用but合并句子。Warseemsmeaninglesstoasmallchild.Fathermeansmuchtohimandthefamily.→Toasmallchildwarseemsmeaningless，fathermeansmuchtohimandthefamily.【答案】but3.用that引導表語從句合并句子。Howmuchpeacemeanstoacountryanditspeople.Oneobviousmeaningofthedescriptionisthat.→Oneobviousmeaningofthedescriptionhowmuchpeacemeanstoacountryanditspeople.【答案】Isthat4.用狀語從句合并句子。Thedescriptionissimpleandtothepoint.Themeaningofthepoemisrich.→thedescriptionissimpleandtothepoint，themeaningofthepoemisrich.【答案】Though第四步連句成篇ThisisapoemwrittenbyanIraqichild.WeareshownratherthantoldthatIraqisatwar.Thechild’sfatherhasgonetothebattlefieldfortheirfreedom.Iraqipeoplearesufferingalotfromthewar.Toasmallchildwarseemsmeaningless，butfathermeansmuchtohimandthefamily.Theyarelongingforthepeace.Thepoemtouchesmyheart.Ittrulybringstearstomyeyes.Oneobviousmeaningofthedescriptionisthathowmuchpeacemeanstoacountryanditspeople.Thoughthedescriptionissimpleandtothepoint，themeaningofthepoemisrich.Theyhavetobeseparatedatthemoment，however，theystillhavethehopeintheirmind.Theybelievethevictorywillbelongtothem.Andtheyarelookingforwardtotheday.下面是唐朝詩人李紳的名作《憫農》，請寫一篇100詞左右的短文解釋一下詩歌的意義以及詩中所蘊含的作者的思想感情。SympathyontheFarmersAtnoon，afarmerisweeding，Downthefield，sweatisdripping，Whoknowsriceonadish，Everygrainisfullofmoiling?【參考范文】Hereisapoemtitled“SympathyontheFarmers”writtenbyLiShenintheTangDynasty，whichispopularwithChinesereaders.Itsconcretecontentgoesasfollows.Whileit’sveryhotoutsideatthissummernoontime，afarmerisstillweedinginthefield.Heissweatingallover，andtheendlesssweatfallsintothesoilwherethecropsgrow.Butwhoknowsexactlyallthedeliciousdishesonourtableeventuallycomefromthehardworkoffarmers?LiShenwrotethispoeminordertoconveytheimportanceoffarmers’hardworktopeople.Ithinkit’sparticularlyimportantthattheyounggenerationtodayshouldtreasureeverygrainforever.【提能練】Ⅰ.閱讀理解AThePoetryFoundationrecentlynamedAmericanpoetJackPrelutskyasthenation’sfirstchildren’spoetlaureate(桂冠詩人).Thegroupcreatedtheawardasawaytoincreasechildren’sloveofpoetry.Aschildren’spoetlaureate，JackPrelutskywillgivetwopublicreadingsinthenexttwoyears.HewillalsoadvisethePoetryFoundationaboutchildren’sliteratureandtakepartinprojectsconcerningchildrenandpoetry.JackPrelutskyhasbeenwritingpoetryforchildrenforalmostfortyyears.Hehaswrittenmorethanthirty-fivebooksofpoems.HisfirstbookwascalledAGopherintheGarden.Itwaspublishedin1967.HislatestiscalledBeholdtheBoldUmbrellaphantandOtherPoems.JackPrelutskyiswellknownforcreatingnewwordsbycombiningtwowordstocreateanewkindofcreature.Forexample，hecombined“radish”with“shark”toget“radishark”.“Lion”and“broccoli”becamea“broccolion”.Healsocreated“umbrellaphant”，amixtureofthewords“umbrella”and“elephant”.JackPrelutskysaysthatchildrenlikehispoemsbecausehewritesaboutthingstheycareabout.PoetryresearcherssaythatJackPrelutsky’spoemsrecognizechildren’sfeelings.AnexampleofthisisthepoemMySisterIsaWerewolfwhichisabouthowitfeelstobedifferent.JackPrelutskyalsowritespoemsaboutAmericanholidays.HispoemIt’sHalloweenisaveryfamousoneabouttheholidaycelebratedattheendofOctober.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹桂冠詩人JackPrelutsky。1.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.PoemswithNewWordsGrowPopularB.FirstChildren’sPoetLaureateNamedC.Children’sLoveforPoetryIncreasedD.JackPrelutskyAwardedNationwide【答案】B標題歸納題。由文章的第一段可得出答案為B。其他三項均較片面。2.WhatisJackPrelutskyfamousfor?A.Creatingnewwordsinhispoems.B.Hisproductivity.C.Hislongtimeofwriting.D.HispoemsaboutAmericanholidays.【答案】A細節理解題。由文章第四段的“JackPrelutskyiswellknownforcreatingnewwordsbycombiningtwowordstocreateanewkindofcreature.”可知，正確答案為A。3.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.ItwasAGopherintheGardenthatbroughthimfame.B.Thepoetwillbekeptbusywithalotofactivities.C.JackPrelutskywillnolongerwriteaboutAmericanholidays.D.ThepoemIt’sHalloweenmusthavebeenwrittenforadults.【答案】B推理判斷題。由第三段的第三句可知，A項不正確；C項文中沒有提及；由文章最后一句可知，D項不正確；由第二段可推斷出B項正確。4.Putthefollowingitemsinrightorderaccordingtothepassage.a.twopublicreadingsb.AGopherintheGardenc.BeholdtheBoldUmbrellaphantandOtherPoemsd.MySisterIsaWerewolfA.b-c-d-a B.d-a-c-bC.b-d-c-a D.a-b-c-d【答案】C事件排序題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段第一句，第三段的第三、五句及第五段可知，答案應為C。BWhentheclockstruckmidnightonFebruary23，myflightlefttheEgyptiancapitalCairoheadingforBeijing.Iwasabouttostarta10-monthprogramorganizedbyChina’sPublicDiplomacyAssociation.DuringthisprogramofferedtoAfricanjournaliststobetterunderstandChinaandreportonsomeimportantevents，onebeingtheForumonChina-AfricaCooperationinSeptember，Igainedalotofknowledgeregardingtheculture，history，andfeaturesofthisvastsociety.Uponarrival，IfirstsoughtouttheEgyptiancommunityinBeijing，andmettwojournalistsfrommycountrywhoworkedforXinhuaNewsAgencyandChinaGlobalTelevisionNetwork.OurgatheringpointwasanEgyptiancoffeeshopinSanlitun，awell-knownmeetingplaceforforeignersinBeijing.MostofourmeetingswerespentsharingexperiencesaboutlifeinChina.Indeed，Iwasabletobeginunderstandingthecountrythroughtheirstories.Plus，throughthosefriendsIexpandedmycircle.IalsostruckuparelationshipwithsomeChinesejournalistswhileparticipatinginactivitieswithmyAfricanpeers.TheyhelpedmeappreciatetherichcultureandeventfulhistoryofancientChina，aswellasthemassivedevelopmentsoverthelast40years，bothpoliticallyandeconomically.Duringmystay，Itraveledtonineprovincesandvisitedmassesofcities.TheplaceIwasmostconnectedwithwasSanyaduetoitssimilaritiestoSharmEl-Sheikh，oneoftheworld’smostfamoustouristdestinations，locatedontheRedSeainEgypt.Shanghaiwillalsolastinmymemory.Idiscoverthatthiscityisnotonlydistinguishedforbusinessdeals，buthasacolorfulhistoryillustratedbyitsfantasticmuseum，whichtellsthestoryofhowShanghai’simportancegrewinthe19thcentury.WhenwalkinginBeijingoranyoftheothercitiesIvisited，Ialwaysfelthistorymixedwithsignsofmodernity，mirroringfourdecadesofhardwork.IrecordedmanyaspectsofmylifeinChina.【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。一位埃及的新聞工作者講述了他在中國執行一個為期10個月的項目期間，對中國文化、歷史、整個社會特征及改革開放成果的所見、所思和所感。5.WhydidthewritercometoChina?A.WorkingforXinhuaNewsAgency.B.Visitingsomefamouscities.C.Expandinghiscircleoffriends.D.Coveringimportantevents.【答案】D細節理解題。根據第二段中的“DuringthisprogramofferedtoAfricanjournaliststobetterunderstandChinaandreportonsomeimportantevents，”可知，在此期間，向非洲記者提供了更好地了解中國和報道一些重要事件的機會。所以作者前往中國的目的是報道相關的事件。故選D。6.WhatdoforeignersusuallydowhenmeetinginSanlitun?A.Talkabouttheirlifeexperiences.B.Justhaveadrinkinacoffeeshop.C.Sharestoriesintheirowncountries.D.Participateinactivities.【答案】A細節理解題。由第三段中的“MostofourmeetingswerespentsharingexperiencesaboutlifeinChina.”可知，外國人聚會時通常會分享在中國生活的經歷。故選A。7.Whichofthefollowingisthereasonforthewriter’smentioningSharmEl-Sheikh?A.Hemissedhishometown.B.Itisafamoustouristdestination.C.IthassomethingincommonwithSanya.D.ItislocatedinEgypt.【答案】C細節理解題。由第五段中的“TheplaceIwasmostconnectedwithwasSanyaduetoitssimilaritiestoSharmEl-Sheikh”可知，我最常去的地方是三亞，因為它和沙姆沙伊赫很相似。所以作者提到沙姆沙伊赫的原因是因為它和三亞有一些共同之處。故選C。8.Whichwordcanbestdescribethewriter’simpressionofChina?A.Dissatisfying. B.Awesome.C.Moving. D.Horrible.【答案】B推理判斷題。由全文，尤其是第四段“Theyhelpedmeappreciate...bothpoliticallyandeconomically”可知，他們幫助我領略了中國古代豐富的文化和多變故的歷史，以及過去40年來中國在政治和經濟上的巨大發展。所以通過作者對中國文化、歷史、整個社會特征及改革開放成果的所見、所思和所感，可以判斷出作者對中國的印象是極其好的，充滿著羨慕之情。故選B。CWhetherornotyourmouthismovingrightnow，youaretalkingtoyourself.Asyoureadthesewords，yourfacialmusclesarehavingquick，invisiblemovements，soundingoutthewordssoyoucanactuallyheartheminyourhead.Thiskindofspeechiscalled“subvocalization”，andunlessyou’reaspeed-readerwhohastrainedyourselfoutofthishabit，you’redoingiteverytimeyoureadorevenimagineaword.Now，MITresearcherswanttousethosesubvocalizationtoknowwhat’sinyourmindandtranslateitintodigitalorders，usingawearablesmartheadsetcalledAlterEgo.Theheadsetcombineshumanandmachineinsomeways.AccordingtoTheMITMediaLab，thedevicewouldallowuserstosendsilentorderstotheheadsetsimplybythinkingofaword.Aneural(神經的)networkwouldtranslatethemusclemovementstospeechanddotheuser’sorders—totallyhands-and-voice-free.Let’ssayyouwanttoaskAlterEgowhattimeitis.First，youthinktheword“time”.Asyoudo，yourfacialmusclesmakemicro-movementstosoundoutthewordinyourhead.Electrodes(電極)ontheheadsetrecordthesemovementsandthensendthemtoacomputer.Theneuralnetworkprocessesthesesignalsthesamewayaspeech-to-textprogrammight，andrespondsbytellingyouthetime.Inasmallstudy，10volunteersreadalistofnumberstothemselveswhilewearingAlterEgoheadsets.AlterEgocorrectlygotwhichnumberstheparticipantswerereadingwithanaverageaccuracyof92percent.Forcomparison，Google’smicrophone-basedspeech-to-texttranslationservicehasanaccuracyofabout95percent.“Webasicallycan’tlivewithoutourdigitaldevices，”saidPattieMaes，anMITprofessor.“Butatthemoment，theuseofthosedevicesiscausingsomeproblemsinourlife.MystudentsandIhavebeenexperimentingwithnewtypesofexperiencethatenablepeopletostillbenefitfromallthewonderfulknowledgeandservicesthatthesedevicesprovidebutdoitinawaythatletsthemremaininthepresent.”【語篇解讀】本文是科普文章。麻省理工學院(MIT)的研究人員希望，通過一種名為AlterEgo的可穿戴智能耳機，利用“默念”來了解你的想法，并將其轉化為數字命令。文章主要講述AlterEgo是如何工作的。9.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat“subvocalization”________.A.islessusedinlifenowB.ismoreeffectivethanspeedreadingC.referstoasilentwayofreadingsomethingD.meansreadingsomethinginadetailedway【答案】C推理判斷題。根據第一段中Asyoureadthesewords，yourfacialmuscles...Thiskindofspeechiscalled“subvocalization”...“當你讀這些詞的時候，你的面部肌肉會有快速的、看不見的運動，讀出這些詞，這樣你就能在腦海中聽到它們。這種說話叫做‘默念’……”得知，“subvocal