學(xué)年度十堰市六縣市區(qū)一中教聯(lián)體4月聯(lián)考高二英語(yǔ)試卷考試時(shí)間：年4月日下午試卷滿分：分注意事項(xiàng)：．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，用簽字筆或鋼筆將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題分，滿分分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Resetapassword.B.Checktheelectricityline.C.Usethewoman’sputer.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,June.Haveyouhadanytroubleusingthesystemthismorning?Ican’tusemyputer.W:Therewasapowerfailurelastnightandallofourpasswordswerelost.havetogototheputerservicestosetanewone.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howdoesthemansuggestthewomangoaroundtheisland?A.Bybike.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Theislandisquitefaraway.HowcanIgetthere?第1頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)M:Nowtheislandiseasytogettobyplane,andwhenyougetthere,you’llfindthereisalocalbussystem,soyoudon’thavetorentacarorabike.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheresult?A.Regrettable.B.Exciting.C.Unfair.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Didyouwatchtheraceyesterday?W:No,Iwasbusywithmystudies.What’stheresult?M:Jackwasintheleadatfirst.However,hefellontothetrackwhenapproachingthefinishline.Hetooksecondplacefinally.W:Really?Whatapity!4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Arestaurant.B.Adish.C.Somereviews.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:DidyouhearabouttheofItalythatopeneddowntown?M:Iwenttherelastnight.Thefoodwasamazing!W:Really?Iheardmixedreviewsaboutit.M:everyonehasdifferenttastes.Ihighlyremendgivingitatryyourself.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atarestaurant.B.Athome.C.Atasupermarket.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Themeatwentaswellasthemilk.M:themoutoftheshelves,andreplacethemwiththefreshones.W:Howaboutthosesoldout?M:Returneverypennytocustomers.第2頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)第二節(jié)（共小題：每小題分，滿分分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。6.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.HedislikesAmericanhistory.B.HegotaCinthehistorytest.C.Heisveryanxious7.Howdoesthewomansoundatlast?A.Encouraging.B.Confident.C.Concerned.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:Haveyouheard,Katie?aregettingourAmericanhistorytestsback!WhatifIgetabadscore?W:Oh,that’ssolikeyou.nowwillgetyounowhere.M:IfIgetalowscoreagain,mygradewilldropdowntoaC.W:shouldn’thaveplayedvideogamesthenightbeforethetest.tellyouthetruth,I’mexcitedtogetthetestresultstoday.IthinkIwillreceivethehighestscoreintheclass.8.WhatwillthelibrariandoattheendofMarch?AAnnouncethewinners.B.Designbookmarks.C.Selectsomebooks.9.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.foranannouncement.B.Borrowsomebooks.C.Accepttheprize.第3頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Didyouhearaboutthereadingpetition?Theschoollibrarianjustannouncedit.ThereisgoingtobeapetitiontoseewhichclassroomcanreadthemostbooksduringMarch.W:Great!therebeprizesforthewinners?M:Thelibrarianwillbehostingabookfairinthelibraryattheendofthemonth.Shewillannouncetheresultduringthefair.Thelibrariansaidthattheprizeswillincludebookmarks,booklights,andfreebooks.W:Thosearegreatprizes!Iamgoingtocheckoutsomebooks.Ican’twaittogetstarted!10.Whatisthemandoing?A.Describinghisworkplace.B.Showinghisdrivingskills.C.Introducinghisworkschedule.WhattimedoesthemanhavearestonA.From7a.m.to10:45a.m.B.From10:45a.m.to3p.m.C.From3p.m.to7:30p.m.12.Whatdoesthemanlikeaboutthejob?A.Theearnings.B.Thebenefits.C.Theworkinghours.【答案】10.CB12.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Jack.Whathaveyoubeendoingthesemonths?M:I’mabusdrivernow,workingallsortsofhourseveryweek.W:Doyou?meaboutit.M:onMondayIstartworkat5:30a.m.andfinishat1:05p.m.OnIworkfrom5:45a.m.to2:15p.m.W:workatadifferenttimeonM:OnIstartworkat7a.m.andfinishat10:45a.m.ThenIstartagainat3p.m.andfinishforthedayat7:30p.m.第4頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)W:WhataboutThursday?M:From8a.m.to4:30p.m.AndonFridayIstartat2:40p.m.andfinishatp.m.OnSaturdayIstartat3p.m.andfinishattenpastmidnight.W:It’sreallyabusyschedule.M:right.Butthemoneyisnottoobad.13.Howmanybedroomsdoesthemanneed?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.14.Howmuchdoesthemanwanttospendonrentatmost?A.￡500.B.￡550.C.￡600.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkisunnecessary?A.Agarden.B.Akitchen.C.Agarage.16.Whichhouseisthemaninterestedin?A.TheoneinOakingtonB.TheoneinDevonClose.C.TheoneinMeadStreet.【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Hello.I’minterestedinlookingforahousesomewhereinthetown.W:Right.Howmanybedroomsareyoulookingfor?M:I’mgoingtosharethehousewiththreefriendsandwe’dliketohaveourownprivacy.W:Isee.What’syourupperlimitfortherent?M:likesomethingaround￡500amonth,butwecouldgoupto￡600ifwehaveto.W:havephotosofallthehousesonourwebsite.canhavealook.There’sthisoneinOakingtonat￡550amonth.Itdoesn’thaveagarage,thoughyoucanparkintheroad.M:Ah,we’dprefertohaveone,ifpossible.W:Right.Thenhavealookatthishouse,inMeadStreet.It’sgotaverylargelivingroomandkitchen,bathroom.Oh,andthere’sabiggarden.第5頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)M:betoobusytolookafterit,tobehonest.W:whataboutthishouseinDevonClose?It’s￡595amonth.ButIthinkitwouldsuityou,fromwhatyou’vesaid.M:Itsoundsfine.17.Whoisthespeaker?A.AZooofficial.B.Agorillaexpert.C.Aradiohost.18.Whyhasthezooputupsignsregardingcellphonevideos?A.controlscreentimeforthegorillas.B.preventthegorillasfromupsettingvisitors.C.stopvisitorsinteractingwiththegorillas.19.WhatcanwelearnaboutNassir?A.Hegetsonwellwithothergorillas.B.Heistheoldestgorillainthezoo.C.Heisaddictedtovideos.20.Whatdoesthezoocallonvisitorstodo?A.Sparemoretimetoobservethegorillas.B.naturedocumentarieswiththegorillas.C.Createamorenaturalenvironmentforthegorillas.【答案】17.C18.A19.C20.C【解析】【原文】M:totoday’sprogramme.NowI’mgoingtotellyousomethingabouttheZoo.TheZoohasputupsignsrequestingvisitorstostopshowingcellphonevideostothegorillas,inantolimitscreentimeforthem.Thesignsexplainthatsomecontentcanbeupsettingtothegorillasandmayimpacttheirrelationshipsandbehaviourwithintheirfamily.Whilenosignificantbehavioralchangeshavebeenobservedyet,zooofficialswanttoensurethattheanimals’livesremainasnaturalaspossible.Nassir,agorillabornin2009,hasshownaparticularinterestinvideosonvisitors’phones.Thezoo’swebsitestatesthatNassirisfascinatedbyvideosandwouldspendallhistimeonscreenifhehadthechoice.However,toomuchscreentimewascausinghimtobeabsentmindedandpreventedhimfrominteractingwithothergorillas.The第6頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)zooalreadyallowscontrolledviewingofnaturedocumentariesforNassirandtheothergorillas.Thegoalistoletthegorillasbegorillasandprovidevisitorswithachancetoobservethemintheirnaturalstate.Bystoppingshowingcellphonevideos,visitorscanhelpmaintainamoremeaningfulexperienceforboththegorillasandthemselves.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共小題，每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AReadytotakeyourfirststepstowardacareerintech?etoenterthisglobaltechnologystartuppetitionthatenablesstudentfounderstoturninnovativeideasintomarketreadystartups.Gainaccesstonetworkingopportunities,globalrecognitionandexpertcoachingduringthepetitiontoaccelerateyourstartups.mustbe18orolderbyApril1,2025;arecurrentstudentsofhighschoolorcollege/university;·U.S.exportregulationsprohibittheexportofgoodsandservicestoCuba,Iran,SyriaandRussia.Therefore,residentsofthesecountries/regionscannotparticipate.·IfyouhavepreviouslypetedinanImagineCupeventasaSemifinalistorRegionalFinalist,youcanpeteonlywithansubmissionthatissubstantiallyuniqueanddifferentfromanythingyou’vebroughttotheImagineCupbefore.RoundApril1,2025—April20,

IdeaSubmissionRound(“Idea”)12025RoundMinimumProductSubmissionRoundMay1,2025—June25,2(“MVP”)2025RoundJuly15,2025—Aug.16,

SemifinalsRound(“Semifinals”)32025第7頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)RoundChampionshipRoundSep.6,2025—Oct.26,4Championship”)2025thatadvancetothenextroundwillbeannouncedwithin7daysaftereachroundends.Championshipmaytakeplacevirtuallyorinperson,withthetopthreeteamspresentinglivetoagroupofjudgeswhoareexpertsintheirrespectivefield.ThetitlewinningteamofChampionwillbeawarded100,000USDandrunnerupteamwillreceive35,000USD,tobeevenlysharedbyeachmember,paidoutviaelectronictransfer.AllprizesarestatedinU.S.dollars,butwecanalsoawardacashprizeintheofficialcurrencyofthewinner’scountryofresidencebasedontheexchangerateonthedateofpayment.21.WhocanentertheImagineCup2025?A.AcollegestudentingfromSyria.B.Aformersemifinalistwithabrandnewentry.C.Acollegedropoutrunningastartup.D.Ahighschoolstudentwhowasbornin2008.22.WhenwillthewinnersofSemifinalsbepublished?A.ByAug.23,2025.B.BySep.6,2025.C.ByJuly2,2025.D.ByOct.16,202523.WhatcanweknowaboutChampionshipRound?A.PrizescanonlybepaidinUSdollars.B.Thewinnerwillbeawarded35,000USD.C.teamscanpresentlivetoexpertjudges.D.Prizeswillbeequallydividedamongmembers.【答案】21.B22.A23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2025年微軟“創(chuàng)新杯”大賽的相關(guān)信息。【21題詳解】Requirementsforparticipants部分中“mustbe18orolderbyApril1,2025;(到2025年4月1日，你必須年滿18歲或18歲以上)arecurrentstudentsofhighschoolorcollege/university;(你是高中或大學(xué)的在校生)U.S.exportregulationsprohibittheexportofgoodsandservicestoCuba,Iran,SyriaandRussia.Therefore,residentsofthesecountries/regionscannotparticipate.(美國(guó)出口法規(guī)禁止向古巴、/地區(qū)的居民不能參加)”以及“IfyouhavepreviouslypetedinanImagineCupeventasaSemifinalistorRegionalFinalist,youcanpeteonlywithansubmission第8頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)thatissubstantiallyuniqueanddifferentfromanythingyou’vebroughttotheImagineCupbefore.(如果你以前曾以半決賽選手或地區(qū)決賽選手的身份參加過(guò)“創(chuàng)新杯”比賽，那么你只能提交一份與之前提交給“創(chuàng)新杯”的任何作品都截然不同的新作品)2008年出生的高中生不符合年齡要求，只有以前是半決賽選手，但提交了全新作品的學(xué)生可以參加。故選B。【22題詳解】Round3(第三輪)”、“SemifinalsRound(“Semifinals”)(決賽”）)”July15,2025—Aug16,2025(2025年7月15日—2025年8月16日)”以及表格下面的“thatadvancetothenextroundwillbeannouncedwithin7daysaftereachroundends.(晉級(jí)下一輪的隊(duì)伍將在每輪比賽結(jié)束后7天內(nèi)公布)”可知，半決賽的獲勝者將在2025年8月23日之前公布。故選A。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ThetitlewinningteamofChampionwillbeawarded100,000USDandrunnerupteamwillreceive35,000USD,tobeevenlysharedbyeachmember,paidoutviaelectronictransfer.(世界冠軍賽的冠軍團(tuán)隊(duì)將獲得10萬(wàn)美元獎(jiǎng)金，亞軍團(tuán)隊(duì)將獲得3.5萬(wàn)美元獎(jiǎng)金，上述獎(jiǎng)金將由團(tuán)隊(duì)各成員均分，并通過(guò)電子轉(zhuǎn)賬方式支付)”可知，獎(jiǎng)品將在會(huì)員之間平均分配。故選D。BInaquietvillagenearChengdu,26yearoldLinZhipengstandsoutastheonlyyoungresidentamongelderlyneighbors.Whilemostyouthmigratetocities,Linchoosesrurallife,bondingwithseniorswhoaffectionatelycallhim“Dasenzi”(“biggrandson”inSichuandialect).ThisnicknamealsotitleshisDouyinaccount,wherehisvideosdocumentingintergenerationalinteractionshaveaccumulatedover700,000followers.Wheninteractingwiththeseniorsinthevillage,Linobservedthattheelderlyareeagertoconnectwithyoungergenerations.Hisgrandfather,forinstance,whowasonceseriousandquiet,hadabreakthroughmomentduringavideoshoot.Heaccidentallymadeajoke,andwhenseeinghisgrandsonlaughingheartilyinresponse,itsparkedatransformationinhim.Fromthenon,hebeganintentionallytellingmorejokes.BeyondentertainmentLinprovidespracticalsupportfortheelderly.Heusesearningsfromtakingonproductadvertisementprojectstopurchasedailynecessitiesforthemandevenorganizephotoshootsforelderlycoupleswhohaveneverhadweddingpictures.Medicalassistanceisanotherpriority.Seniorsoftenhesitatetoseektreatmentforminorillnessesandfindhospitalproceduresconfusingwhentheydoneedcareformoreseriousconditions.Wheneverpossible,Linhelpsthemnavigatetheseissues.However,Linemphasizesthatmaterialaidisn’tenough.“Theycravepanionship—avisitoracall第9頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)meansalot,”hesays.Linpointedoutthatwhilecurrentpoliciesensurethateventhemostdisadvantagedhaveenoughfoodandclothing,elderlypeoplelivingalonealsoneedemotionalsupport.“Theseelderlyresidentsaregettingoldereveryday,andtobefrank,theycouldleaveusatanytime,”Linsaid.“Let’scherisheverymomentwehavewiththemwhilewestillcan.”Throughhumorandpassion,“Dasenzi”redefinesruralaging—notasisolation,butasastageforintergenerationalbonds.24.WhymightLin’sgrandfatherstarttellingmorejokes?A.gainmoreattentionfromhisgrandsonB.attractmorefollowersonDouyinC.presentSichuanpeople’sjoyfulspiritD.bondemotionallywithhisgrandson25.WhichbehaviorisNOTmentionedaspartofLin’ssupportfortheelderly?A.AdvocatingforgovernmentpolicychangesB.OrganizingweddingphotographysessionsC.FinancialassistancethroughsponsoredadsD.Helpingcopewithhealthcareprocedures26.WhydoesLinemphasizethatmaterialaidisn’tenoughfortheelderly?A.Becausehethinksmaterialassistancedoesn’tmatteratall.B.Becausetheelderlylongforemotionalconnectionandpany.C.Becausehelackssufficientfundstosupportalltheirneeds.D.Becausegovernmentpolicieshavealreadycoveredbasiclivingcosts.27.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Fame:TheRiseofaDouyinStarB.UrbanMigration:LeavinglonelyelderlybehindC.Biggrandson:BridgingGenerationsinRuralChinaD.MedicalGaps:AddressingElderlyCareinSichuan【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了26歲的林智鵬選擇留在成都附近的鄉(xiāng)村，與老人們相處，被親切地稱為“大孫子”，他在抖音上記錄與老人的代際互動(dòng)，吸引了眾多粉絲。【24題詳解】Wheninteractingwiththeseniorsinthevillage,Linobservedthattheelderlyareeagertoconnectwithyoungergenerations.Hisgrandfather,forinstance,whowasonceseriousandquiet,hadabreakthroughmomentduringavideoshoot.Heaccidentallymadeajoke,andwhenseeinghisgrandsonlaughing第10頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)heartilyinresponse,itsparkedatransformationinhim.Fromthenon,hebeganintentionallytellingmorejokes.(在與村里的老人互動(dòng)時(shí)，林智鵬觀察到老年人渴望與年輕一代建立聯(lián)系。例如，他的爺爺曾經(jīng)嚴(yán)肅而安靜，在一次視頻拍攝中迎來(lái)了一個(gè)突破時(shí)刻。他不小心開(kāi)了個(gè)玩笑，當(dāng)看到孫子開(kāi)心地大笑作為回應(yīng)時(shí)，這在他身上引發(fā)了轉(zhuǎn)變。從那時(shí)起，他開(kāi)始有意地講更多的笑話)”可知，爺爺開(kāi)始講更多笑話是因?yàn)榭吹綄O子的積極回應(yīng)，想與孫子在情感上建立更緊密的聯(lián)系。故選D。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Heusesearningsfromtakingonproductadvertisementprojectstopurchasedailynecessitiesforthemandevenorganizephotoshootsforelderlycoupleswhohaveneverhadweddingpictures.Medicalassistanceisanotherpriority.Seniorsoftenhesitatetoseektreatmentforminorillnessesandfindhospitalproceduresconfusingwhentheydoneedcareformoreseriousconditions.Wheneverpossible,Linhelpsthemnavigatetheseissues.(他用承接產(chǎn)品廣告項(xiàng)目的收入為他們購(gòu)買日用品，甚至為從未拍過(guò)婚紗照的老年夫婦組織婚紗照拍攝。醫(yī)療援助是另一個(gè)重點(diǎn)。老年人常常對(duì)小病痛猶豫不決，不愿意去治療，而當(dāng)他們確實(shí)A選項(xiàng)“AdvocatingforgovernmentpolicychangesA。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“However,Linemphasizesthatmaterialaidisn’tenough.“Theycravepanionship—avisitoracallmeansalot,”hesays.Linpointedoutthatwhilecurrentpoliciesensurethateventhemostdisadvantagedhaveenoughfoodandclothing,elderlypeoplelivingalonealsoneedemotionalsupport.(——然當(dāng)前的政策確保即使是最弱勢(shì)的群體也有足夠的衣食，但獨(dú)居老人也需要情感支持)”可知，林智鵬強(qiáng)調(diào)物質(zhì)援助不夠是因?yàn)槔先丝释楦新?lián)系和陪伴。故選B。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了26歲的林智鵬選擇留在成都附近的鄉(xiāng)村，與老人們相處，被親切地稱為“大孫子”，他在抖音上記錄與老人的代際互動(dòng)，吸引了眾多粉絲。他不僅為老人提供物質(zhì)幫助，如購(gòu)買日用品、組織婚紗照拍攝、協(xié)助醫(yī)療等，還強(qiáng)調(diào)老人更需要情感陪伴，通過(guò)自己的行動(dòng)重新故選C。CScientistshavestudiedgossipdefinedastalkingaboutsomeonenotpresentfordecades.That’snotsurprising第11頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)consideringit’suniversalinanysocialgroup,bigorsmall.Peopleinmodernsocietiesspendaboutanhouradayinvolvedinchinwagging,onestudyreports.Butinvestigatorsarenowapproachingthisactivityofsociallifefromanewperspective.Inpastdecades,researchersfocusedprimarilyonthedamagearisingfromgossiping,andtheyzeroedinoneitherthegossipspreaderorthetargetthepersonbeingtalkedabout.Now,theyhavechangedcoursebylookingmoreatthebenefitsofgossipandthedynamicsofathreepartnetworkthatinvolvesagossiper,alistenerandatarget.Sowhat,ifanything,canbegoodaboutgossip?Wheneversomeonetellssomethingtoyouaboutsomeoneyoubothknow—whethertheinformationispositive,negativeorneutral—itbringsthetwoofyoucloser,creatingasocialbond.Accordingtoonestudy,itevenincreasesyourlikingforthespreaderoftheinformation.Plus,itenforcesgroupnorms.AnotherexperimentwasledbysocialpsychologistCruz,thenatFreeUniversityAmsterdam.Cruzandhisteamrecruited300peopleinamunityintheNetherlandsandaskedthemtolist15peoplewithwhomtheyhadfrequentcontact.Fourtimeseachdayfor10days,thesubjectswereaskedtoreportonanyinformationthatsomeoneintheirsocialnetworktoldthem,orthattheytoldsomeone,aboutathirdperson.Theexperimentshowedthatthegossiperpassedontrueinformationwhentheyhadnoconflictwiththetarget.Whentheyhadrivalryorotherconflictsofinterestwiththetarget,however,theywerelikeliertopassonthingsthatwereselfservingorabsolutelyfalse.Nevertheless,oneofthemostsurprisingresultsofgossip,Cruzsays,isthatithelpspeoplebetterunderstandthebehaviorofothers.Forexample,acoworkershowsuplateeveryday,butiftheylearnthroughgossipthatthecolleagueisinthemiddleofadivorceorthelike,theyarelesslikelytoplain.Perhapsmoreimportantly,theysympathizewiththecoworkerandfeelmotivatedtohelpthemiserableguy.28.Whatisthenewperspectiveinvestigatorsnowadopt?A.Analyzethenewfeatureofsociallife.B.Investigatethepotentialrisksofgossip.C.Focusontheadvantagesofgossip.D.Lookateitherthespreaderorthetarget.29.Whatimpactmightgossiphaveaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Itfuelsthepopularityofthetarget.B.Itbetterstheworkplaceenvironment.C.Itinvadestheprivacyofcoworkers.D.Itenhancestheoverallsocialbond.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rivalry”meaninthelastparagraph?A.petitionB.contactC.envyD.intervention第12頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)31.WhatdoesCruz’sresearchfind?A.Anaveragepersoncontacts15peoplefrequently.B.Gossipstendtospreadincorrectinformation.C.Onecanneverkeeptheirprivacyfromcolleagues.D.relationshipscanbenefitfromgossip.【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了科學(xué)家從新視角研究八卦的好處及對(duì)人際關(guān)系的影響。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Now,theyhavechangedcoursebylookingmoreatthebenefitsofgossipandthedynamicsofathreepartnetworkthatinvolvesagossiper,alistenerandatarget.(多地關(guān)注閑聊的益處，以及由閑聊者、傾聽(tīng)者和目標(biāo)人物組成的三方關(guān)系網(wǎng)的動(dòng)態(tài)變化。)”可知，研究人員現(xiàn)在從新的角度關(guān)注八卦的好處。故選C。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Wheneversomeonetellssomethingtoyouaboutsomeoneyoubothknow—whethertheinformationispositive,negativeorneutral—itbringsthetwoofyoucloser,creatingasocialbond.(每當(dāng)有人告訴你一些關(guān)于你們都認(rèn)識(shí)的人的事情時(shí)——無(wú)論這些信息是積極的、消極的還是中立的——它都會(huì)讓你們兩個(gè)人更親近，從而建立一種社會(huì)聯(lián)系。)”可知，八卦會(huì)增強(qiáng)整體的社會(huì)聯(lián)系。故選D。【30題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theexperimentshowedthatthegossiperpassedontrueinformationwhentheyhadnoconflictwiththetarget.Whentheyhadrivalryorotherconflictsofinterestwiththetarget,however,theywerelikeliertopassonthingsthatwereselfservingorabsolutelyfalse.(實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，當(dāng)八卦者與目標(biāo)沒(méi)有沖突時(shí)，他們會(huì)傳遞真實(shí)的信息。然而，當(dāng)他們與目標(biāo)存在rivalry或其他利益沖突時(shí)，他們更有可能傳遞一些自私或完全虛假的信息。)”可知，當(dāng)八卦者與目標(biāo)存在沖突或利益競(jìng)爭(zhēng)時(shí)，他們更有可能傳遞一些自私或完全虛假的信息，故猜測(cè)劃線單詞rivalry意為“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”。故選A。【31題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Forexample,acoworkershowsuplateeveryday,butiftheylearnthroughgossipthatthecolleagueisinthemiddleofadivorceorthelike,theyarelesslikelytoplain.Perhapsmoreimportantly,theysympathizewiththecoworkerandfeelmotivatedtohelpthemiserableguy.(天都遲到，但如果他們通過(guò)八卦得知這位同事正在離婚或類似的事情，他們就不太可能抱怨。也許更重要第13頁(yè)/共28頁(yè))Cruz的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)八卦可以讓職場(chǎng)關(guān)系受益。故選D。DChildrenwithattentiondeficit/hyperactivitydisorder(ADHD)oftenstruggletofollowinstructionsorfinishtasks.Thisispartlybecausetheir“workingmemory”—thebrain’ssystemforholdingandprocessingshortterminformation—isweakerthanaverage.ArecentStanfordUniversitystudytestedanewtoolthathelpsthesechildrenstrengthentheirworkingmemoryusingrealtimebrainfeedback.Thetool,calledfunctionalnearinfraredspectroscopy(fNIRS),usesharmlessinfraredlighttotrackbloodoxygenlevelsinaspecificbrainarea.Childrenworeaspecialcapconnectedtothedevicewhiledoingmemorytasks.Forexample,theymemorizedastringoflettersandlateridentifiedwhetheratargetlettermatchedtheoriginalsequence.Astheyfocused,thesystemmonitoredactivityintheirprefrontalcortex—abrainregioncriticalforplanninganddecisionmaking.Whenthechildrensuccessfullyactivatedunderactivepartsofthisarea,theyreceivedinstantrewards,suchasgoldcoinsappearingonascreen.Thestudyinvolved21childrenwithADHDwhopleted12weeklytrainingsessions.Resultsshowedthatabouthalfexperiencednoticeablesymptomimprovements,suchasstayingfocusedlongerinclass.Mostalsoperformedbetteronworkingmemorytasks.Acontrolgroupof15childrenreceivingstandardADHDtreatments(likemedication)didnotshowthesameprogress.Unlikemedicationsthatmanagesymptomstemporarily,thismethodaimsto“exercise”weakbrainnetworks.Dr.HadiHosseini,thestudy’sleadresearcher,explainedthatADHDinvolvespoorattentionregulation,notjustalackoffocus.Bytrainingtheprefrontalcortex,childrenlearntocontroltheirattentionmoreeffectively.Anotheradvantageisaccessibility.brainscannerslikeMRImachinesareexpensiveandrequirepatientstoliestillinnoisytubes.ThefNIRScapisportable,affordable,andworksevenifchildrenmoveslightly.Theteamisdevelopingahomefriendlyheadbandversion,allowingdailypracticewithoutvisitingalab.Dr.Hosseinibelievesthisapproachcouldhelpotherconditionslinkedtopoorworkingmemory,suchasautismordepression.“Earlyinterventioncanreshapehowyoungbrainsdevelop,”hesaid.However,largerstudiesareneededtoconfirmlongtermbenefits.Whilenotacure,thistoolapromisingalternativeforfamiliesseekingnondrugtreatments.Bytailoringtrainingtoeachchild’suniquebrainpatterns,scientistshopetoaddresstherootcausesofADHD,notjustitssymptoms.32.HowdoesthefNIRStoolmeasurebrainactivity?第14頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)A.Bymonitoringparticipants’performanceduringtasks.B.Bytrackingelectricalsignalsthroughspecificbrainareas.C.Bydetectingbloodoxygenlevelsinprefrontalcortex.D.Bymeasuringtemperaturechangesandbloodpressure.33.Whydidresearchersincludeacontrolgroupinthestudy?A.provethatADHDsymptomsnaturallyimproveovertime.B.ruleouttheinfluenceofnontreatmentfactorsonresults.C.ensureallchildrenreceivedequaltrainingopportunities.D.paretheofinfraredlightwithmedications.34.What’sDr.Hosseini’sattitudetothelongtermeffectivenessoftheirnewdevice?A.suspiciousB.PositiveC.CautiousD.Unclear35.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.ThemeasurestakentohelpkidswithADHD.B.RisksofADHDmedicationschildrenmayface.C.TheadvantagesofanewtreatmentforADHD.D.AnewbraintrainingtoolhelpingkidswithADHD.【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一種幫助多動(dòng)癥兒童的新腦訓(xùn)練工具。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thetool,calledfunctionalnearinfraredspectroscopy(fNIRS),usesharmlessinfraredlighttotrackbloodoxygenlevelsinaspecificbrainarea.Childrenworeaspecialcapconnectedtothedevicewhiledoingmemorytasks.Forexample,theymemorizedastringoflettersandlateridentifiedwhetheratargetlettermatchedtheoriginalsequence.Astheyfocused,thesystemmonitoredactivityintheirprefrontalcortex—abrainregioncriticalforplanninganddecisionmaking.(這種工具被稱為功能性近紅外光譜技術(shù)（fNIRS它使用無(wú)害的紅外光來(lái)追蹤大腦特定區(qū)域的血氧水平。孩子們?cè)谧鲇洃浫蝿?wù)時(shí)會(huì)戴上一頂與該設(shè)備相連的特殊帽子。例如，他們要記住一串字母，之后判斷一個(gè)目標(biāo)字母是否與原來(lái)的字母序列相符。當(dāng)他們集中注意力時(shí)，該系統(tǒng)會(huì)監(jiān)測(cè)他們前額葉皮層的活動(dòng)情況——前額葉皮層是大腦中對(duì)規(guī)劃和決策至關(guān)重要的一個(gè)區(qū)域)”可知，fNIRS工具通過(guò)檢測(cè)前額葉皮層的血氧水平來(lái)測(cè)量大腦活動(dòng)。故選C。【33題詳解】第15頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thestudyinvolved21childrenwithADHDwhopleted12weeklytrainingsessions.Resultsshowedthatabouthalfexperiencednoticeablesymptomimprovements,suchasstayingfocusedlongerinclass.Mostalsoperformedbetteronworkingmemorytasks.Acontrolgroupof15childrenreceivingstandardADHDtreatments(likemedication)didnotshowthesameprogress.(這項(xiàng)研究涉及21名患有注意力缺陷/12比如在課堂上能夠更長(zhǎng)久地保持專注。大多數(shù)兒童在工作記憶任務(wù)中的表現(xiàn)也更好了。而一個(gè)由15名接受標(biāo)準(zhǔn)注意力缺陷/)人員在研究中設(shè)置對(duì)照組是為了排除非治療因素對(duì)結(jié)果的影響，以突出fNIRS工具的效果。故選B。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Dr.Hosseinibelievesthisapproachcouldhelpotherconditionslinkedtopoorworkingmemory,suchasautismordepression.“Earlyinterventioncanreshapehowyoungbrainsdevelop,”hesaid.However,largerstudiesareneededtoconfirmlongtermbenefits.(侯賽尼博士認(rèn)為，這種方法可以幫助治)fNIRS工具的長(zhǎng)期益處，說(shuō)明他對(duì)新設(shè)備的長(zhǎng)期有效性持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。故選C。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段中“Childrenwithattentiondeficit/hyperactivitydisorder(ADHD)oftenstruggletofollowinstructionsorfinishtasks.Thisispartlybecausetheir“workingmemory”—thebrain’ssystemforholdingandprocessingshortterminformation—isweakerthanaverage.ArecentStanfordUniversitystudytestedanewtoolthathelpsthesechildrenstrengthentheirworkingmemoryusingrealtimebrainfeedback.(患有注意力缺陷/ADHD）的兒童常常難以聽(tīng)從指令或完成任務(wù)。這在一定程度上是因?yàn)樗麄兊摹肮ぷ饔洃洝薄竽X用于存儲(chǔ)和處理短期信息的系統(tǒng)——比一般人要弱。斯坦福大學(xué)最近的一項(xiàng)研究測(cè)試了一種新工具，該工具通過(guò)實(shí)時(shí)腦反饋來(lái)幫助這些兒童增強(qiáng)他們的工作記憶)”和第二段中“Thetool,calledfunctionalnearinfraredspectroscopy(fNIRS),usesharmlessinfraredlighttotrackbloodoxygenlevelsinaspecificbrainarea.Childrenworeaspecialcapconnectedtothedevicewhiledoingmemorytasks.(這種工具被稱為功能性近紅外光譜技術(shù)（fNIRS憶任務(wù)時(shí)會(huì)戴上一頂與該設(shè)備相連的特殊帽子)”可知，本文主要介紹了一種名為fNIRS的新腦訓(xùn)練工具，它通過(guò)實(shí)時(shí)腦反饋幫助多動(dòng)癥兒童增強(qiáng)工作記憶，并討論了其優(yōu)勢(shì)、應(yīng)用前景及研究人員的態(tài)度。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）第16頁(yè)/共28頁(yè)Greenroofscandatebacktothousandsofyearsago,longbeforemodernresidentialbuildingsweredeveloped.FromprimitivegrasscoveredroofsabovecavestothelegendaryHangingGardensofBabylon,theyremainedanimportantpartofarchitecture.____36____.Theybringenormousenvironmentalbenefitsandsolutionstosomepressingecologicalchallenge