PAGEPAGE1專題4數(shù)詞框架結(jié)構(gòu)圖基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及作用1.常用基數(shù)詞表ⅠⅡⅢoneeleventhirtytwotwelvefortythreethirteenfiftyfourfourteensixtyfivefifteenseventysixsixteeneightysevenseventeenninetyeighteighteenhundredninenineteenthousandtentwentymillion/billion2.基數(shù)詞構(gòu)成歌訣1至12逐個記，13至19teen結(jié)尾。20至90整十位，ty結(jié)尾是后綴。要是表示“幾十幾”，連字符十位連個位。若要表示“幾百幾”，hundred之后and立。若要用于復(fù)合形容詞，連字符相連不加-s。留意：(1)hundred，thousand，million，billion等詞前有基數(shù)詞或several時，須用單數(shù)；與of連用時，用復(fù)數(shù)，但其前面不能再加數(shù)詞。如：sixhundredpeople hundredsofpeople(2)dozen前有詳細數(shù)詞修飾時，用單數(shù)，of可省略；當dozen后面接these，those，them，us等詞時，須先接of，再接這些詞，但dozen仍不加-s；dozensof中的of不行省。score用法和dozen相當，但of一般不省略。severaldozenpencils dozensofstudentsthreedozenoftheseeggs twodozenofthemtwoscoreofeggs scoresofbooks3.基數(shù)詞的位置常位于another，all之后，such，more之前，可置于last，next，other之前或之后。anothertwodays allthetenbooksonemoreapple twosuchpenshislasttwodays/histwolastdays4.基數(shù)詞的句法功能(1)主語Threewillbeenough.(2)賓語Thecityhasapopulationofthreemillion.(3)表語Thepopulationofthiscityisnearlytwomillion.(4)同位語Theytwowenttothecinema.(5)定語Theriverisabouteightmileslong.序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及作用1.常用序數(shù)詞表ⅠⅡⅢfirstelevenththirtiethsecondtwelfthfortieththirdthirteenthfiftiethfourthfourteenthsixtiethfifthfifteenthseventiethsixthsixteentheightiethseventhseventeenthninetietheightheighteenthhundredthninthnineteenththousandthtenthtwentiethmillionth/billionth留意：21以上的多位數(shù)詞，只將末位數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞，前面的其他位數(shù)仍用基數(shù)詞。如：21st→twenty-first；22nd→twenty-second；33rd→thirty-third；100th→onehundredth2.序數(shù)詞的句法功能(1)定語thefirstdayoftheweekmyfirstvisittoBeijing(2)表語Youarethefirsttoleave.(3)主語Thesecondwasevenworse.(4)同位語Tom，thefirst，ishere.(5)賓語Doyoupreferthefirstorthesecond?留意：①序數(shù)詞前一般要加定冠詞the或形容詞性物主代詞。Thisisthefirstone.ThisishersecondvisittoJapan.②序數(shù)詞前有時可用不定冠詞a，此時不強調(diào)依次。“a＋序數(shù)詞”相當于another，表示“又一個，再一個”。You’dbettertryathirdtime.數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用1.用于構(gòu)成分數(shù)、百分數(shù)、小數(shù)onethirdtwothirds/two-thirdstwo-fifthsofthestudentsthirtypercentofthewatersixpointfour留意：表示幾分之幾(或百分之幾)的人或物時，須在分數(shù)(或百分數(shù))和人或物之間加of。若充當主語，謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一樣。如：Seventypercentofherincomewasspentonclothes.2.倍數(shù)表達法(1)A＋謂語＋倍數(shù)＋as＋原級＋as＋BThebagistwiceasbigasthatone.(2)A＋謂語＋倍數(shù)＋asmany/much＋名詞＋as＋BIhavetwiceasmanybooksashe(does).(3)A＋謂語＋倍數(shù)＋比較級＋than＋BThisclassroomisthreetimesbiggerthanours.(4)A＋謂語＋倍數(shù)＋thesize(width/length/height/depth等)＋of＋BYourpieceofbreadisthreetimesthesizeofmine.留意：表達倍數(shù)時，常用half表示“一半”，用double或twice表示“兩倍”，用基數(shù)詞＋times表示三或三倍以上。3.日期的表達(1)某年：in＋數(shù)字in2024(2)某月：in＋月份inMay(3)某年某月：in＋月＋年inMay2024(4)某年某月某日：on＋月＋日/on＋日＋月，＋年onMay1(st)/1(st)May,20244.時刻的表達twenty-onepast/aftereight或eighttwenty-onefourto/ofnine或eightfifty-sixhalfpasteight或eightthirtyaquarterto/often或nineforty-five5.年頭的表達theearly1920s/1920’stheearlytwentiesthemid-eighties6.其他特別表達(1)表示“每一段時間”或“每隔……”everythreedays/everyfourthdayeveryotherdayeveryfewdays(2)表示年齡inone’steensinone’stwentiesattheageof17Heistwentyyearsold.Heisamanoftwenty.Heisatwenty-year-oldman.(3)用于習語中oneatatimeonebyonetenoutoften1.數(shù)詞的拼法錯誤fourty(誤)→forty(正)ninty(誤)→ninety(正)nineth(誤)→ninth(正)twentith(誤)→twentieth(正)twentieth-first(誤)→twenty-first(正)threefifth(誤)→threefifths(正)the2thofFebruary(誤)→the2ndofFebruary(正)OneThousandOneNights(誤)→OneThousandandOneNights(正)2.特別表達中的錯誤everyotherdays(誤)→everyotherday(正)inhistens(誤)→inhisteens(正)severaldozensofthem(誤)→severaldozenofthem(正)moretwodays(誤)→twomoredays/anothertwodays(正)You’dbettertrythethirdtime.(誤)→You’dbettertryathirdtime.(正)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Actually，thislatestchildren’sversion，belongingtoaprogramtitledXiaoXigu(literally，youngartists)，isinhonorofthethirtieth(thirty)anniversaryofthe1987work，praisedasthemostclassic.(2024·安徽皖北協(xié)作區(qū)高三聯(lián)考)解析“the＋序數(shù)詞”表示特指“第幾個”，故填thirtieth。2.Iamstillthankfultomyuncleforteachingmetorideabikeonmyninth(nine)birthday.(2024·東北師范高校附中模擬)解析句意為：我照舊感謝叔叔在我九歲生日(第九個生日)時教我學會騎自行車。3.Hemissedthegoldinthehighjump，butwillget

a

secondchanceinthelongjump.(2012·大綱全國Ⅱ)解析在序數(shù)詞前用a，則表示“再次，還有”之意。Ⅱ.單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)1.Iammorethanhappytoknowyougoteq\f(a,the)firstprizeinthespeechcontest.(2024·湖南張家界三模)解析thefirstprize為固定用法，意為“第一名，一等獎”，而且英語中表示依次的序數(shù)詞前一般用the來表示依次。所以句中的afirstprize中的a要改為the。2.Duringtheeq\f(sixth,six)days，aseriesofEnglishactivitieswereorganized.(2024·云南師大附中模擬)解析during后接時間段，此處表示六天，故用基數(shù)詞。假如表達在第六天，則說onthesixthday。3.Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeq\f(eighteen,eighteenth)birthday，Itookdrivinglessons.(2024·全國Ⅰ)解析表達多少歲生日用序數(shù)詞，因此eighteen應(yīng)當改為eighteenth。4.Istillrememberhowhardeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(the/my))firstdaywas.(2024·全國Ⅰ)解析句意為：我仍舊記得第一天有多艱難。表示第幾天，序數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞the或者用限定詞進行修飾。5.It’sabigcitywithapopulationofabout7eq\f(millions,million).(2024·河南畢業(yè)班高考適應(yīng)性練習)解析million前有基數(shù)詞7，須用單數(shù)。6.Iwanttohaveapenfriend，hopefullyagirlineq\f(the,her)earlytwenties，andwithinterestssimilartomine.(2024·河南六市聯(lián)考)解析表示不確定的年齡，用inone’s＋逢十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Thereis(be)onedeskandthreechairsintheroom.2.—What’sthedatetoday?—It’sthefourth(four)ofJuly.3.Therearebusestothestationeverytwentieth(twenty)minute.4.Shewasthefirstwomanto

win(win)thegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.5.Inordertofindabetterjob，hedecidedtostudyasecondforeignlanguage.Ⅱ.單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)1.Twohundreddollarseq\f(are,is)notlargeforus，andit’seasyforustogainintwodays.2.Everyyear，eq\f(million,millions)ofpeoplediefromillnesscausedbysmoking.3.IhavealreadygottwolettersfromSusanthisyear，andthisiseq\f(a,the)thirdone.4.WearetoldthatProfessorChenlivesontheeq\f(twenty-two,twenty-second)floorofthisbuilding.5.Two-fifthsoftheeq\f(machine,machines)ondisplayarenewitems.Ⅲ.數(shù)詞填空(數(shù)詞專練)Thereare1.fourseasonsinayear：spring，summer，autumnandwinter.Ayearcanalsobedividedinto2.twelvemonths.Eachmonthisdividedinto3.threeperiods：thefirst，themiddleandthelastten-dayperiod.Mother’sDayfallsonthe4.secondSundayofMaywhileFather’sDayonthe5.thirdSundayofJuneeveryyear.The6.twelfthmonthoftheyearisDecember.Thereare7.fifty-twocompleteweeksplusanextraday，or8.twoinayearbecausethereare9.three

hundred

and

sixty-fivedaysinacommonyearbut10.three

hundred

and

sixty-sixdaysinaleapyear.Ⅰ.單句語法填空(一)1.Wecanrelaxourselves(we)whilereadingherblog.2.Thatyoungmanishonest，cooperative，alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.Inshort，he’sreliable.3.Asuccessfullearnerisanindependentone，whohasbothadeterminedwillandamazingpatience.4.TheyareheadingforFloridafortheir(they)honeymoonandplantoframethetreasuredpictureassoonastheygetback.5.ThedictionaryiswhatIwant，butIdon’thaveenoughmoneywithme.6.Shedidnothesitateforlong；althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile，sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtopleasehim(he).7.Intheend，theyoungmenfoundthatworkinghardistrulyatreasureinitself.8.Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthanthatinsomelargerschools.9.Thisregionishometomanyspeciesofwildflowers.10.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomonthetopfloor.11.Atthebadnews，thewomanputherhandsoverhereyesandcriedout.12.Ifyoukeeponwriting，youwillhaveabrighterfuture，likelytobecomeaJ.K.Rowling.13.Ihateitwhensomeonemakesamessofmylearningmaterialsonmydesk.14.Awoman，sittingnexttotheboy，discoveredhewasonaschooltripandwastoldtomeethisteacheratthebusstop.15.Weusedtomistakethatheavyobjectsfellfasterthanlightones.(二)16.Theproblemshouldbehandledverycarefullytobalancetheneedsofpeoplewiththoseofnature.17.Hesaiditwasnotnicetoeatmeatwithone’sfingersbecausetheywerenotalwaysclean.18.Thedriverwasatalosswhenwordcamethathewasforbiddentodriveforspeeding.19.Heknewverywellthehareranahundredtimesfasterthanhehimself(him)did.20.JohnnyCarsonbeganhiscareerintelevisioninhistwenties(twenty).21.Whetherit’syourbirthdayorafriendorfamilymember’s，decoratingyourhomecanbeasenjoyableasthepartyitself(it).22.Freshair，sunlightandenoughphysicalexerciseareneededforahealthybody.23.Soifyouhavenotpreparedenough，havingsomeindooramusementsisalsoagoodchoice，whichmaybemuchcheaperandeasiertocarryout.24.“Nevermind，”Isaid.“Atleastyou’llknowwhenyourtrain’slate，mine(I)willbe，too.”25.Myfatherisstoutandstrong,withaseverelookonhisfaceandkeenexpressiveeyes.Ⅱ.單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)(一)1.Anaccidenthappeningeq\f(in,on)arainySundayafternoonchangedmyattitude.2.Ithinkiteq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))goodhabitthatinoursparetimewereadmorebooksofgreatuse.3.Yesterday，oneofmyfavoritestampswaslost，whichmademereallyupset.Ilookedforiteverywhereandaskedeverybodyintheroom，butstillIcouldn’tfindeq\f(them,it).4.Toimprovemygrades，Ipaidmoreattentioneq\f(for,to)theteachers’talkinginclass.5.ThreeyearsagoIfailedanimportantexaminmylifeandbecameastudentineq\f(a,an)ordinaryschool.6.Itispossiblethatsomeofeq\f(we,us)mayhaveabrotherorsister.7.ClassestaughtinEnglishprovidestudentseq\f(for,with)abetterlanguageenvironment.8.Forthesakeofoursafetyandtheothers’safety，weshouldobeythetrafficrules.9.AsIwaswaitingeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(for))myordertocome，Inoticedanoldmaninawheelchairrollhimselfovertoatable.10.I’vebeenverybusyrecently，forI’vebeenpreparingforeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(the))comingexam，whichisvitalformeandmyfuturelife.11.I’vealwaysbeendreamingofhavinganopportunitytotravelinEnglish-speakingcountrieslikeeq\f(your,yours)topractiseandimprovemyEnglish.12.Uptonow，hehasbecomeeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(a))memberofourfamilyandeveryonehasenjoyedhiscompany.13.Afterclass，Ilearnedfromtheteacherthatmydeskmatewouldhavedroppedoutofschoolifshehadn’tbeenhelpedeq\f(with,by)others.14.IfIhavesuchapenfriend，Ithinkwecanshareourtravellingexperienceswitheachother，takingcareofpets，orwhateverwehavesomethingincommon.15.Therewasonceeq\f(a,an)elderlywomaninanursinghome.(二)16.Ineq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(the))middleoftheterm，Ibecameoneofthebestplayersinmyschool.17.Itakegreatprideeq\f(of,in)thisexperiencebecauseitnotonlyhelpsmerealizethatIcanachievemypotentialthroughhardwork，butmakesmeknowtheproverb“Practicemakesperfect”.18.LastSundayIsaweq\f(a,the)worststorminyears.Itcamesuddenlyandwentonforoverthreehours.19.Wealllovethosethingssomuchthatwetraveleq\f(thousand,thousands)ofmilestobearoundpeoplewholovethethingsthatwelovethewaythatwelovethem.20.Iputalittleoil，saltandsugaronthesteakandmixedeq\f(it,them)together.21.First，beawareofyouradvantagesandaccepteq\f(you,yourself).22.Alargenumberofstudentsattendedtothecontestandshowedtheirwonderfulperformances.23.Onthestage，thoughfacinggreatpressure，thespeakersbravelyovercameitandchallengedeq\f(them,themselves)toachievegreatsuccess.24.Throughsucheq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(an))activity，weknowalotmoreaboutourstudents.25.Alsomovinguponthelistthisyearisspinach(菠菜)，whichjumpsfromtheeq\f(eight,eighth)tothesecondmostpollutedproduct.Ⅲ.語法填空(2024·吉林長春四模)Nomatterwhereyouare，humansareconstantlymeasuringandcheckingtime.Someofusaregoodatit—planninganddoingthingsaheadoftime,1.

othersarealwaystryingtobeattheclockanddothingsattheeleventhhour.Tardiness(拖拉)canbeserious.Ifyou2.

(be)oneminutelateforwork，wouldyouresign?Itmaysoundextreme，butthatisexactly3.

occurredintheUKupperchamberofparliament，theHouseofLords，inJanuary2024.InternationaldevelopmentministerLordBatesarrivedoneminutelate，and，asaresult，wasunabletoanswera4.

(schedule)question.Insteadoftrying5.

(make)upforlosttime，asmanymightdo，heresignedon6.

spot.Heapologizedforhisdiscourtesy(無禮)andstatedthathewasashamed.Hisresignation，though,7.

(reject)bytheUKprimeminister.So，howlateistoolate？Manyculturestakepunctualityveryseriously.Incontrast，othersseemtoviewtardiness8.

justthenormalwayofthings.Whatisconsideredacceptableisbasedonculture.Thatis，ifyoudon’tmindwaiting，itmightbebesttoattendyour9.

(appoint)ingoodtime.Andiftheworstcomestotheworst，remembertheoldEnglishproverb，“10.

(well)latethannever.”eq\x(語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了不同文化中人們對遲到的不同看法。)1.答案while解析考查連詞。該空的前后兩句話之間是對比關(guān)系，所以這里應(yīng)當填連詞while。2.答案were解析考查虛擬語氣。本句是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，即非真實條件句。此處是對現(xiàn)在狀況的虛擬，所以這里be動詞為were。3.答案what解析考查連接代詞。本句是表語從句，從句中缺少主語，這里的主語指代的是事情，所以用what。4.答案scheduled解析考查形容詞。在冠詞a和名詞question之間應(yīng)當用形容詞，所以把schedule變成形容詞形式scheduled(預(yù)定的)。5.答案tomake解析考查動詞不定式。固定搭配trytodosth.(努力做某事)，所以這里填tomake。6.答案the解析考查定冠詞。固定短語onthespot(在現(xiàn)場)。句意為：他并沒有像很多人那樣，試圖彌補失去的時間，而是當場辭職。所以這里應(yīng)當填冠詞the。7.答案wasrejected解析考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一樣。依據(jù)本段時態(tài)和句意可知，主語resignation和reject為動賓關(guān)系，故用過去時的被動形式。句