高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東名校聯考2025屆高三4月聯合檢測英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny. B.Rainy. C.Windy.【答案】A【原文】W:Mike,drawthecurtainsandletthesunshinefloodin.M:Oh,it’safinedaytoday.There’snowind.Well,whendidtherainstop?W:Itstoppedlastnight.2.Whatwillthemandotoday?A.Watchamovie. B.Attendawedding. C.Buythewomanadress.【答案】B【原文】M:You’realldressedup.Iwon’tdressformallyonsucharelaxingSaturday.W:We’llgotoMelissa’sweddingceremonytoday.Donottellmeyouforgotit.M:Ohmy!Ittotallyslippedmymind.I’llreturnthemovieticketrightnow.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Wheretogohiking.B.Whentogooutfordinner.C.Howtocelebrateananniversary.【答案】C【原文】M:I’mthinkingofdoingsomethingdifferentforourweddinganniversarythisyear.Idon’twanttojustgooutfordinnerlikeweusedto.W:Howabouthikinginthemountains?I’vealwayswantedtogetbacktonature.4.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnWednesday. B.OnThursday. C.OnFriday.【答案】A【原文】M:Haveyoustartedpreparingfortheclasspresentation,Lily?W:No.Thispresentationisduethedayaftertomorrow.Don’tworry,Terry.M:Golly!DoyouthinkourpresentationisdueonFriday?Itisduetomorrow.5.Wherewillthemangonext?A.Toarestaurant. B.ToSusan’shome. C.Toagasstation.【答案】B【原文】W:Weseemtobelightonfuel.Shallwestopattheserviceareatofillupthegastank?M:No.We’llarriveatSusan’shouseinjustfifteenminutes.I’llfillupthecaratthegasstationnearherhouseafterlunch.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdidtheexperiencedfarmertellthemanlastweek?A.Thehenhousewasn’tcleanenough.B.Thehenhousewasn’ttherightsize.C.Thehenhousecouldholdabout20hens.7.Whatdoesthewomanadvisedoingintheend?A.Shoppingforeggs. B.Buyingsomehens. C.Cleaningthehenhouse.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】M:ComeandlookatthenewhenhouseIjustfinishedbuilding.I’mreallyexcitedtohavesomeegg-layinghensinthere.W:Great!Howmanyhensareyouplanningtoraise?M:Around20.Lastweek,Iwenttoafarmandconsultedanexperiencedfarmer.HeconfirmedthatthehenhouseIdesignedwouldbeperfectforthemtomovearoundcomfortably.W:Nice.Weneedtomaintaincleanlinessinthehenhouseforhealthyhens.Imaginehavingfresheggseveryday!M:Right.Ican’twaittoseehowitturnsout.W:Whydon’twegoandselectsomehensnow?It’stheperfecttimetostart.M:Goodidea!Let’sgo.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shedidn’tbringherphone.B.Shelosthermapontheroad.C.Sheisunfamiliarwiththearea.9.Whereisthenearestsubwaystation?A.Besideanofficebuilding. B.Oppositeasupermarket. C.Ontherightofasupermarket.10.Whatwillthemandoforthewomannext?A.Takehertothestation. B.Fixaphoneforher. C.Writeheranote.【答案】8.C9.A10.C【原文】W:Excuseme,I’msorrytobotheryou,butIthinkI’mlost.IhavenoideawhereIam.Tomakeitworse,mycellphoneisoutofjuicenow,soIcan’tcheckthemapapp.M:Relax,don’tworry.Tellmewhereyouaregoing.W:Tothenearestsubwaystation.M:It’sjustafewblocksaway.Walkalongthisroad,tumleftatthesupermarketaheadfirst,andthenkeepwalkingstraightuntilyouseeanofficebuildingwithabigclockontop.Thestationisnexttotheofficebuilding.Youwon’tmissit.W:Ihavetroublerememberingallthesedetails.AndIdon’thaveapenandpaperonme.M:It’sokay.Ihavebothofthem.Icanwritedownallthesedetailsforyounow.W:Okay.Thanksamillion.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatdidthemanthinkofhistakingaself-drivingcarinWuhan?A.Itwasdisappointing. B.Itwasjustso-so. C.Itwassatisfactory.12.Howmanyself-drivingcarsfromApolloGohavebeenoperationalinWuhan?A.500. B.750. C.1,000.13.Whatconcernhasarisenregardingtheself-drivingcars?A.Theriseinunemployment.B.Theincreaseinparkingfines.C.Thedropofhuman-driventaxiprice.【答案】11.C12.A13.A【原文】M:IwenttoWuhanthissummerandItriedthenewself-drivingcarsthere.They’resupercheapcomparedtohuman-driventaxis.W:Thatsoundsamazing.Wereyouafraidtositinacarwithoutadriver?M:Ididfeelanxious.Iwasafraiditmightcausetrafficaccidentsorsomething.Buttomysurprise,thewholetripwentsmoothly.W:That’sgood.ApolloGo,ownedbyBaidu,hasoperated500self-drivingcarsinWuhan.Theservicewaslaunchedin2022andstartedtogainpopularityduringthefirsthalfoftheyear.M:Withthedevelopmentofself-drivingcars,humandriversarereallyfeelingthepressure.Butexpertsthinkthatthereisaslimchancethatself-drivingcarswilltaketheplaceofhumandriversinjustafewyears.W:It’sanexcitingsteptowardsadriverlessfuture,butIagreewiththeexpertsatthisstage.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.WheredoesthestoryinWu’sbooktakeplace?A.OntheSouthernPacificOcean.B.OntheWesternPacificOcean.C.OntheNorthAtlanticOcean.15.WhatisasignificantgoalofWu’sbook?A.Todocumentthehistoryofnavigation.B.Toincreasetheinfluenceofadventurenovels.C.ToencouragemodernthinkingonChina’snavigation.16.WhatdoestheinspirationforWu’sbookcomefrom?A.Hisyearsofexperienceasasailor.B.Hisacademicstudiesingeography.C.Hissailingjourneywithhiskids.17.WhatdidWugetfromCheungKongGraduateSchoolofBusiness?A.APhD. B.Amaster’sdegree. C.Abachelor’sdegree.【答案】14.B15.C16.C17.B【原文】W:HaveyouheardaboutthenewbookDahanghaiShidai(TheGreatAgeofNavigation)byWuZheneng?M:Yes,Ihave!It’sanovelaboutagroupofwarriorsnavigationgtheWesternPacificOcean.Inthisnovel,WuZhenengshowshisknowledgeandexpectationsfromvariousperspectives,includingastronomy,geography,historyandpolitics.Animportantaimofthisbookistoencouragepeople,especiallyfuturegenerations,tolookatChina’seraofgreatnavigationwithscientificandinnovativemodernthinkingandmovetowardaneweraofgreatnavigation.W:That’sright.ThestoryisinspiredbyhisexperiencesofsailingwithhischildrenontheSouthChinaSea.M:Iheardthathisdaughterdescribedtheoceanasaromanticscenewherethelightbluemeetsthedarkblue,andthewindcreatesamusicaldanceonthewaves.W:True.AndI’velearnedthatWu’sbackgroundisimpressive.HeholdsaPhD.fromNankaiUniversity,amaster’sdegreefromCheungKongGraduateSchoolofBusiness,andabachelor’sdegreefromBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity.M:Veryimpressive.Let’sgoandbuythisbooknow.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.WhatmadeMasterMfaumefamousonsocialmedia?A.Adocumentaryaboutthepopularityofkungfu.B.Someshortvideosofhimselfandhisstudents.C.ATVshowaboutthehistoryofTanzania.19.HowdidMr.MingpromotekungfuinAfrica?A.BypublishingbooksaboutBruceLee.B.Bysettingupkungfutrainingclubs.C.ByshowingBruceLee’sfilms.20.InwhichcountrydidthefirstAfricanShaolinKungFuGamestakeplace?A.Zambia. B.Ethiopia. C.SouthAfrica.【答案】18.B19.C20.A【原文】M:MasterMfaume,whoheadsthebiggestkungfutempleinTanzania,hasbecomepopularonsocialmedia,withshortvideosofhimselfandhisstudentsshowingofftheirlightningkungfumoves.Theseonlinevideoshavewon184,000likes.MasterMfaumesaysmoreandmoreTanzanianswanttostudykungfu.KungfuwasbroughttoAfricainthe1970sbyMr.Ming,amysteriousfigurefromTaiwanProvince,China.HepopularizedkungfubyshowingBruceLee’skungfufilmsincinemasinAfrica,whereaudienceslovedBruceLee’sspiritoffightingagainstunfaimess.KungfuclubsareopeningacrossAfrica,fromCapeTown’sShaolinKungFuInstituteofSouthAfricatotheTenTigersofNileChineseWushuKung-fuTrainingClubinEthiopia.Recently,ZambiahostedthefirstAfricanShaolinKungFuGames,withmorethan150fightersfrom23countriesparticipatingintheevent.第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ACarnivalintheCaribbeanismorethanjustaparty;itisatraditiondeeplyrootedinhistory.EachislandintheCaribbeanhasitsuniquewayofcelebratingCarnival,butallshareacommonthemeoftheenduringspiritofitspeople,blendinghistory,culture,andjoy.InTrinidadandTobago,Carnivalbeganinthelate18thcenturywhenenslavedpeople,bannedfromparticipatinginthepartiesofFrenchplantationowners,createdtheirownfestival,developingCalypsomusicasaformofcommunication.Today,Trinidad’sCarnivalisknownasthe“greatestshowonearth”,featuringeventslikeJ’ouvert,stickfighting,andthePanoramasteelpancompetition.Guadeloupe’sCarnivalisknownforitsreflectionsonreality,withtraditionaldrumming,stiltedfigurescalledmoko-zobis,andlifefulstreetparades.Theisland’srichhistoryisalsoshowcasedattheMémorialACTeMuseum,whichexploresthelegacyoftheslavetrade.Martinique’sCarnivalisanotherhighlight,withitsoriginsinthe17thand18thcenturies.EnslavedAfricansusedsatire,music,anddancetoexpresstheirfreedom.Thecelebrationincludesparades,funnyparties,andtheceremonialburningofKingVavalonAshWednesday.InBarbados,theCropOverFestivalmarkstheendofthesugarcaneharvest.ThissummercelebrationculminatesinGrandKadoomentDay,agrandparadefilledwithcolorfulcostumesandmusic.ThefestivalisasourceofprideforBajans,celebratingtheiragriculturalheritage.Finally,Dominica’sMasDominikoffersauniqueCarnivalexperiencesetagainstthebackdropoflushrainforests.ThecelebrationincludesJ’ouvert,Calypsomusic,andakiddiecarnival,makingitafamily-friendlyevent.21.WhatistheoriginofCarnivalinTrinidadandTobago?A.Aneventoftheancientmusic.B.Atraditionofthecostumeparties.C.AcelebrationcreatedbyenslavedAfricans.D.AfestivalintroducedbyFrenchplantationowners.22.WhatisakeyfeatureofMartinique’sCarnival?A.TheCropOverfestival. B.TheburningofKingVaval.C.Theuseoftraditionaldrumming. D.ThePanoramasteelpancompetition.23.WhatdotheCarnivalsinCaribbeanhaveincommon?A.Parade. B.Music. C.Harvest. D.Costume.【答案】21.C22.B23.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了加勒比海的一些島嶼的狂歡節?！?1題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段中“InTrinidadandTobago,Carnivalbeganinthelate18thcenturywhenenslavedpeople,bannedfromparticipatinginthepartiesofFrenchplantationowners,createdtheirownfestival,developingCalypsomusicasaformofcommunication.(在特立尼達和多巴哥，狂歡節始于18世紀末，當時被奴役的人們被禁止參加法國種植園主的聚會，他們創造了自己的節日，發展了卡利普索音樂作為一種交流形式。)”可知，特立尼達和多巴哥的狂歡節起源于被奴役的非洲人創造的慶祝活動。故選C項。【22題詳析】細節理解題。根據第四段“Martinique’sCarnivalisanotherhighlight,withitsoriginsinthe17thand18thcenturies.EnslavedAfricansusedsatire,music,anddancetoexpresstheirfreedom.Thecelebrationincludesparades,funnyparties,andtheceremonialburningofKingVavalonAshWednesday.(馬提尼克島的狂歡節是另一個亮點，起源于17世紀和18世紀。被奴役的非洲人用諷刺、音樂和舞蹈來表達他們的自由。慶?；顒影ㄓ涡?，有趣的派對，以及在圣灰星期三焚燒瓦瓦爾國王的儀式。)”可知，馬提尼克島狂歡節的一個關鍵特征是在圣灰星期三焚燒瓦瓦爾國王。故選B項?！?3題詳析】細節理解題。通讀全文可知，特立尼達和多巴哥狂歡節發展了卡利普索音樂；瓜德羅普島狂歡節有傳統擊鼓；馬提尼克島狂歡節中被奴役的非洲人用音樂表達自由；巴巴多斯的豐收節有音樂；多米尼克的狂歡節有卡利普索音樂。所以加勒比地區的狂歡節都有音樂這一元素。故選B項。BAt17,Toronto’sSheriaunaHaasehasalreadycarvedanextraordinarypathasaworld-classparaathlete,dancer,andactress.InNovember2023,shesecureddualbronzemedalsinthe100mand200mracesatSantiago’sParapanAmericanGames—astrikingachievementforateenwhobeganparaathleticstrainingjustoneyearearlier.Bornwithacongenitallimbreduction(先天性肌肉萎縮),Haasecreditshersuccesstoresilience(復原力),self-belief,andthetransformativepowerofsupport.Haase’sathleticsuccessisextendedbyhervibrantartisticpursuits.Adancersinceagetwo,Haasechannelsself-expressionthroughmovement,landingrolesinTVserieslikeCircuitBreakersandTheNextStep.Throughacting,sheadvocatesfordisabilityrepresentation,transformingdanceintoacelebrationofidentity,empoweringhertoacceptheruniqueness.Childhoodbullying(欺凌)onceshookherconfidence,butherfamily,especiallyhermother,becameheranchor.“TheytaughtmetolovemyselfasIam,”shesays.Thisself-acceptancefueledherdeterminationtomasterballetroutinesandsprintingtechniquesalike.GuidedbycoachBobWestman,AthleticsCanada’sleadparacoach,Haaseshapedherrawtalentintomedal-winningprecisionwithintwomonths.Westman,withoveradecadeofParalympiantrainingexperience,praisedher“focus,drive,andmaturity”.NowanambassadorforHollandBloorviewChildren’sRehabilitationHospital,Haasechampionsinclusivity,inspiringotherstoaccepttheirpotential.CoachWestmanpredictsshe’llbecomeahouseholdname,notonlyforherathleticexcellencebutforherinfectiousenthusiasmforlife.Herstoryhighlightsthepowerofself-love,support,andanunyieldingspirit,urgingotherstocelebrateuniquenessandunlocktheirboundlesspotential.“Iwantpeopletofeelempowered,”sheaffirms.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutHaasefromparagraph1?A.Shegainedremarkableresultsdespiteshorttraining.B.Hermedalscamefrommanyyearsoffocusedpractice.C.Hertrainingcovereddifferentfieldsfromanearlyage.D.Shestressedmoreonhardtrainingthanimprovingskills.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“anchor”inparagraph3referto?A.Anoticeablepride. B.Acompetitivechallenge.C.Areminderofduty. D.Asourceofstrength.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSheriaunaHaase?A.Confidentandreserved. B.Independentandhumble.C.Talentedandtough-minded. D.Knowledgeableandinspiring.27.WhatcanbelearnedfromSheriaunaHaase’sstory?A.Talentinafieldisthekeytosuccess. B.Disabilitiessetboundariestoourlife.C.Self-acceptancehelpstobeatbarriers. D.Achievementsresultfromcreativity.【答案】24.A25.D26.C27.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹的是SheriaunaHaase如何通過自我接納和堅韌不拔的精神，在殘疾人運動、舞蹈及表演領域取得非凡成就的故事?！?4題詳析】細節理解題。根據第一段的句子“InNovember2023,shesecureddualbronzemedalsinthe100mand200mracesatSantiago’sParapanAmericanGames—astrikingachievementforateenwhobeganparaathleticstrainingjustoneyearearlier.(2023年11月，她在圣地亞哥舉行的泛美運動會上獲得了100米和200米的兩枚銅牌——對于一個一年前才開始接受殘奧會訓練的青少年來說，這是一個驚人的成就。)”可知，Haase在開始殘奧訓練僅一年后就獲得了兩枚銅牌，這表明她在短時間內取得了顯著的成就。故選A項?！?5題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據劃線單詞上文的“butherfamily,especiallyhermother(但她的家人，尤其是她的母親)”和下文的“TheytaughtmetolovemyselfasIam(他們教會我愛我自己)”可知，她的家人，尤其是她的母親肯定是給她足夠的支持和鼓勵，成為她的精神支柱，所以劃線單詞“anchor”的意義為“精神支柱；靠山”。故選D項。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段的句子“InNovember2023,shesecureddualbronzemedalsinthe100mand200mracesatSantiago’sParapanAmericanGames—astrikingachievementforateenwhobeganparaathleticstrainingjustoneyearearlier.(2023年11月，她在圣地亞哥舉行的泛美運動會上獲得了100米和200米的兩枚銅牌——對于一個一年前才開始接受殘奧會訓練的青少年來說，這是一個驚人的成就。)”可知，Haase有運動天賦。根據第二段的句子“Adancersinceagetwo,Haasechannelsself-expressionthroughmovement,landingrolesinTVserieslikeCircuitBreakersandTheNextStep.(哈斯從兩歲起就開始跳舞，他通過動作來表達自我，在電視劇《熔斷機制》和《下一步》中出演了角色。)”可知，Haase有表演天賦。根據第三段“Childhoodbullying(欺凌)onceshookherconfidence,butherfamily,especiallyhermother,becameheranchor.“TheytaughtmetolovemyselfasIam,”shesays.Thisself-acceptancefueledherdeterminationtomasterballetroutinesandsprintingtechniquesalike.(童年的欺凌曾經動搖過她的信心，但她的家人，尤其是她的母親，成為了她的支柱。她說：“他們教會我愛我自己。這種自我接納讓她下定決心要掌握芭蕾套路和短跑技術。)”和最后一段的句子“Herstoryhighlightsthepowerofself-love,support,andanunyieldingspirit,urgingotherstocelebrateuniquenessandunlocktheirboundlesspotential.(她的故事強調了自愛、支持和不屈不撓的精神的力量，敦促其他人慶祝獨特性，釋放他們無限的潛力。)”可知，Haase意志堅定。故選C項。【27題詳析】主旨大意題。根據全文內容，特別是第三段的句子““TheytaughtmetolovemyselfasIam,”shesays.Thisself-acceptancefueledherdeterminationtomasterballetroutinesandsprintingtechniquesalike.(她說：“他們教會我愛我自己。這種自我接納讓她下定決心要掌握芭蕾套路和短跑技術。)”和最后一段的句子“Herstoryhighlightsthepowerofself-love,support,andanunyieldingspirit,urgingotherstocelebrateuniquenessandunlocktheirboundlesspotential.(她的故事強調了自愛、支持和不屈不撓的精神的力量，敦促其他人慶祝獨特性，釋放他們無限的潛力。)”可知，Haase的故事強調了自我接納和韌性在克服障礙中的重要性。她的成功不僅在于她的天賦，還在于她對自我的接納和積極的心態。故選C項。CThebodyclockreallymeanscircadianrhythms(晝夜節律).Thesearethebody’sinternalbiologicalpacemakersthathelpusadjusttothephasesofa24-hourday.Studiesofnight-shiftparticipantshavelinkeddisruptions(紊亂)incircadianrhythmstocancerandotherdiseases.Muchoftheevidenceconcernedbreastcancerandtoalesserextentprostatecancer.Durationofshiftworkmadeadifference—participantswhoworkednightshiftsforupto30yearswereatmoderatelyincreasedriskforbreastcancercomparedwiththosewhodidshorterperiod,andthosewhoworkedsuchshiftsformorethan30yearshadthehighestrisk.In2019theWorldHealthOrganizationreconfirmedandupdatedaresearchstatementfromtheagencyshowingthatshiftworkisaprobablecause.Thecancerconnectioncomesaboutthroughseveralmechanisms.Circadiandisruptionaffectsthechemicalreactionsthatproduceenergyinthebody.Adulthumancellsdivideevery18to24hours,andonefunctionofthecircadianclockistotellcellstodothatatnighttoavoidDNAdamagefromsunlight.“Whentheclockgetsdisrupted,cellsdon’tknowwhentodivide,”saysSatchidanandaPanda,acircadianbiologistoftheSalkInstituteforBiologicalStudies.“Theycandividefasterandbecomeatumor(腫瘤).”Circadiandisruptionalsohappenswhenweconsistentlydon’tgetagoodnight’ssleep—scientistssaythiscanmeanwakingupfortwoorthreehoursbetween10P.M.and5A.M.atleastonceaweek.Wakefulepisodescanbecausedbyjetlag,stayingoutlate,orlookingatblue-light-emittingphonescreens,whicharesimilartodaylight,atnight.Whenandwhatweeatalsoinfluencesourrhythms,justaslightanddarkdo,soaddsnackingatmidnighttothelistofthingstoavoid.Forthosewhodon’tworkatnight,changingsomeroutinesmightbeenough.PandaandhiscolleaguesareinvestigatingapracticeknownasTime-RestrictedEating(TRE)oroccasionalfasting.Ina12-weekstudyoffirefighters,TREbenefitedtheirmetabolichealthandimprovedtheirsleep.Inmice,ithasbeenshowntoreducetheriskofcancerortoslowthegrowthoftumors.Maybe,Pandasays,“Respectingourcircadianrhythmscanhelpprotectourtime-sensitivebodies.”28.Whoismostlikelytosufferfromcanceraccordingtothetext?A.Anurseonthenightshiftfor25yearsB.Achefworkinginarestaurantfor40years.C.Aprogrammerstayingupallnightfor33years.D.Avolcanoexpertexploringinthewildfor35years.29.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thecausesofcircadiandisruption.B.Thefunctionofthecircadianclock.C.Thelinkbetweencircadiandisruptionandcancer.D.Thefrequencyofcelldivisioninthehumanbody.30.Whatcanbeconcludedfromparagraphs4and5?A.Eatinghabitscanaffectbodyrhythms.B.Goingonadietisamustforgoodhealth.C.Workinglateatnightrequiresextrameals.D.Exposuretodaylightcontributestobettersleep.31.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Howdoesthenightshiftgeneratecancer?B.Canwescheduleourcircadianrhythms?C.AdjustingourbodyclockmayavoidcancerD.ListeningtoourbodyandadoptingTREcount【答案】28.C29.C30.A31.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了晝夜節律紊亂與癌癥風險的關系及調整方法?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第二段“Durationofshiftworkmadeadifference—participantswhoworkednightshiftsforupto30yearswereatmoderatelyincreasedriskforbreastcancercomparedwiththosewhodidshorterperiod,andthosewhoworkedsuchshiftsformorethan30yearshadthehighestrisk.(輪班工作的時長會產生影響——與輪班時長較短的參與者相比，上夜班長達30年的參與者患乳腺癌的風險適度增加，而那些上夜班超過30年的人風險最高)”可知，上夜班超過30年的人患癌風險最高。所以最有可能患癌癥的是一位33年來徹夜未眠的程序員。故選C?！?9題詳析】主旨大意題。根據第三段“Thecancerconnectioncomesaboutthroughseveralmechanisms.Circadiandisruptionaffectsthechemicalreactionsthatproduceenergyinthebody.Adulthumancellsdivideevery18to24hours,andonefunctionofthecircadianclockistotellcellstodothatatnighttoavoidDNAdamagefromsunlight.“Whentheclockgetsdisrupted,cellsdon’tknowwhentodivide,”saysSatchidanandaPanda,acircadianbiologistoftheSalkInstituteforBiologicalStudies.“Theycandividefasterandbecomeatumor(腫瘤).”(癌癥與（晝夜節律紊亂）之間的關聯是通過幾種機制產生的。晝夜節律紊亂會影響在身體內產生能量的化學反應。成年人體細胞每18到24小時分裂一次，而生物鐘的一項功能就是告訴細胞在夜間進行分裂，以避免陽光對DNA造成損傷。索爾克生物研究所的晝夜節律生物學家薩奇達南達?潘達表示：“當生物鐘被打亂時，細胞就不知道何時該分裂了。它們會分裂得更快，進而形成腫瘤。”)”可知，第三段主要講了晝夜節律紊亂與癌癥之間的聯系。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段中“Whenandwhatweeatalsoinfluencesourrhythms,justaslightanddarkdo,soaddsnackingatmidnighttothelistofthingstoavoid.(我們進食的時間和食物種類同樣會影響我們的晝夜節律，就如同白天和黑夜（對節律的影響）一樣，所以要把午夜吃零食也列入需要避免的事項清單中)”可知，飲食習慣會影響身體節律。故選A?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據第一段“Thebodyclockreallymeanscircadianrhythms(晝夜節律).Thesearethebody’sinternalbiologicalpacemakersthathelpusadjusttothephasesofa24-hourday.(生物鐘實際上指的是晝夜節律。這些是身體內部的生物起搏器，幫助我們適應一天24小時的不同階段)”，第二段“Studiesofnight-shiftparticipantshavelinkeddisruptions(紊亂)incircadianrhythmstocancerandotherdiseases.(對夜班參與者的研究表明，晝夜節律紊亂與癌癥和其他疾病有關)”以及最后一段“Maybe,Pandasays,“Respectingourcircadianrhythmscanhelpprotectourtime-sensitivebodies.”(也許，潘達說，“尊重我們的晝夜節律可以幫助保護我們時間敏感的身體。”)”可知，文章主要講述了晝夜節律紊亂與癌癥風險的關系及調整方法，故C選項“Adjustingourbodyclockmayavoidcancer(調整我們的生物鐘可能避免癌癥)”最符合文章標題。故選C。DThepollutantschokingourskiesaren’tjustahealthrisk;theyalsocauseuglystainsonbuildings.Totacklethis,chemistshavebeenworkingforyearsonaspecialtypeofpaintthatnotonlycancleanitselfbutalsomayremovepollutantsfromtheair.Thistechnologyusestitaniumoxidenanoparticles(納米顆粒)thatjump-startchemicalreactions.WhenanartificialUV(紫外線的)lightsourceshinesonthepaint,thenanoparticlesreactwithpollutantstomakethembreakdown—theoreticallyremovingthemfromnearbyair.Companiesalreadyoffertheseso-calledphotocatalytic(光催化的)paints,butsomechemistsremaincautiousabouttheproducts’effectivenessandsustainability.Forarecentstudy,researchersdevelopedanewphotocatalyticpaintthattheyclaimworksusingUVraysfromordinarysunlight,makingitsself-cleaningpropertieseasiertoactivate.They’vealsoshowntheycaneffectivelyproducethispaintfromrecycledmaterials.“Wedothisbyusingwastematerialfromindustryandalsousingfallenleaves,whichareorganicwaste,”saysstudyco-authorQaisarMaqbool.Inphotocatalysis,UVlightexcitestheelectronsinthetitaniumoxidenanoparticles,whichinteractwithairbornewatermoleculestoproducehighlyreactivehydroxylradicals.Theseunstablechemicalsattackpollutantsthatcomeincontactwiththepaint,changingthemintolessharmfulsubstancessuchascarbondioxideandwater.Theresearchteamaddedsomechemicalelementstothenanoparticles’structure,whichreducedtheamountofenergyneededtosparkthereactionandletitworkviaordinarysunlight.“Itisbettertobeabletousesolarlighttoactivate,asthepaintcanworkpassively,byitself,”saysAntonio.Butareal-worldsettingwouldprobablyreduceitseffectiveness,headds,“Underlaboratoryconditions,itisaverysmallscale,andeverythingisverywellcontrolled—alltheparameters,suchastemperature,humidity,ortheconcentrationofpollutants—butyouwillnevergetthoseresultsatarealscale.”“Ithinkit’saveryfundamentalstudy,”saysco-authorGüntherRupprechter.Futureresearchwillconfirmhoweffectivelypollutantsareneutralized(中和)fromtheairitself.“Wedon’tclaimthatwecanremoveallpollutantsfromair,”hesays,“butoverall,itlookspromising.”32.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Thecomponentsofthepaint. B.Theworkingprincipleofthepaint.C.Theapplicationsofthepaint. D.Thedoubtsonthepaint’susage.33.Howisthepaint’ssustainabilityimproved?A.Byimprovingpollutantabsorptioncapacity.B.Byboostingpollutantbreakdownefficiency.C.ByincreasingresistancetoordinaryUVdamage.D.Byusingeco-friendlymaterialsandnaturalsunlight.34.Whatlimitsthepaint’sreal-worldeffectiveness?A.Highproductioncosts. B.Limitedpollutanttypes.C.Uncontrolledconditions. D.Relianceonorganicmaterials.35.Whatdoesthetextmainlyconvey?A.Howthenewpaint’sfuturelookslike. B.Howtodesigneco-friendlybuildings.C.Howtoproducetheself-cleaningpaint. D.Howself-cleaningpaintfightspollutants.【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.D【語篇解讀】本文是篇說明文。文章主要講述了科學家們對于一種不僅可以自清潔，還可以清除空氣中的污染物的特殊涂料所做的研究?！?2題詳析】主旨大意題。根據第二段“Thistechnologyusestitaniumoxidenanoparticlesthatjump-startchemicalreactions.WhenanartificialUVlightsourceshinesonthepaint,thenanoparticlesreactwithpollutantstomakethembreakdown—theoreticallyremovingthemfromnearbyair.(這項技術使用氧化鈦納米顆粒來啟動化學反應。當人造紫外線光源照射到涂料上時，納米顆粒與污染物發生反應，使其分解——理論上可以把它們從附近的空氣中去除。)”可知，該段主要講述了這種涂料的工作原理。故選B?！?3題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段“Forarecentstudy,researchersdevelopedanewphotocatalyticpaintthattheyclaimworksusingUVraysfromordinarysunlight,makingitsself-cleaningpropertieseasiertoactivate.They’vealsoshowntheycaneffectivelyproducethispaintfromrecycledmaterials.(在最近的一項研究中，研究人員開發了一種新的光催化涂料，他們聲稱這種涂料可以利用來自普通陽光的紫外線，使其自清潔特性更容易被激活。他們還展示了他們可以有效地用回收材料生產這種涂料。)”可知，這種涂料可以使用環保的回收材料和自然陽光，從而提高了它的可持續性。故選D?！?4題詳析】細節理解題。根據第五段Antoio的話“Underlaboratoryconditions,itisaverysmallscale,andeverythingisverywellcontrolled—alltheparameters,suchastemperature,humidity,ortheconcentrationofpollutants—butyouwillnevergetthoseresultsatarealscale.(在實驗室條件下，這是一個非常小的規模，一切都被控制得很好——所有的參數，比如溫度、濕度或污染物的濃度——但你永遠無法在實際規模上得到這些結果。)”可知，實驗室條件下，一切都被控制得很好，而現實世界中條件無法得到控制，這就限制了涂料的有效性。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據第一段“Totacklethis,chemistshavebeenworkingforyearsonaspecialtypeofpaintthatnotonlycancleanitselfbutalsomayremovepollutantsfromtheair.(為了解決這個問題，化學家們多年來一直在研究一種特殊的涂料，這種涂料不僅可以自我清潔，還可以去除空氣中的污染物。)”和最后一段“Futureresearchwillconfirmhoweffectivelypollutantsareneutralizedfromtheairitself.“Wedon’tclaimthatwecanremoveallpollutantsfromair,”hesays,“butoverall,itlookspromising.”(未來的研究將證實如何有效地從空氣中中和污染物。他說：“我們并不是說我們可以去除空氣中的所有污染物，但總的來說，這看起來很有希望?！?”及全文內容可知，文章主要講述了有著自清潔功能的涂料是如何去除空氣中的污染物的。故選D。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Pilates,developedbyJosephPilatesintheearly20thcentury,hasgainedwides