2/2Unit8Lesson2＋Lesson3名師教案（1）（教師版）背誦金句1.Butsavesquareinchground,staywithdescendantGeng.但存方寸地，留與子孫耕。2.RescuetheEarthistorescuefuture.拯救地球就是拯救未來。閱讀能力集訓Ⅰ.Readthetextquicklyandfillinthefollowingblankswithsuitablewords.ThereasonswhyAmsterdamisagoodcityforcycling.·It's1.____________．·Therearealsoplentyofplacesforbicycle2.____________．·Moststreetsinthecitycentrehaveabicycle3.____________.Thedevelopmentof“Whitebikes”.·Inthe1960s,agroupofcycling4.____________cameupwithanidea.·In1999，the“whitebikes”5.____________toAmsterdam.·Nowadays,theideaof“whitebikes”haspedalleditsway6.____________andtherehasbeenaglobal7.____________inbike-sharing.Futureofbike-sharinginChina.·InChina，moreandmorecitieshavetheirown“whitebike”8.____________．·However,9.____________canalsodevelop.·Fortunately，peoplearetryingdifferentwaysof10.____________thoseproblems.答案：1.flat2.parking3.path4.fans5.returned6．aroundthegrammes9．problems10.solvingⅡ.Readthetextandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestion.1．WhyisAmsterdamcalled“theCityofBicycles”？A．Becauseofthecyclingfansthere.B．Becauseoftheappearanceofbicycles.C．Becauseofthequalityofbicycles.D．Becauseoftheconvenienceforbicycles.2．Inthe1960s,somecyclingfanshopedbikescould________．A．helptosaveenergyB．bespeciallydesignedC．beplacedanywhereD．bepaintedindifferentcolours3．Whydidthefirst“whitebikes”planfail?A．Peopleweretiredofridingbikes.B．Therewerenotenoughparkingplaces.C．Thievestookallthebikeswithinweeks.D．Thegovernmentallowedpeopletodrivecarsfreely.4．Whatdopeopleuseiftheywanttotakea“whitebike”inthecity?A．Awhitekey. B．Aspecialcard.C．Aspecialcomputer. D．Acommonchip.答案：1－4.DACB基本知能落實Ⅰ.核心詞匯1．lookattheposter 看海報2．aNon-ProfitOrganisation 一家非營利性組織3．causeparkingproblems 引起車輛停放問題4．thereforeadv. 因此；由此5．haveabicyclepath 有一條自行車小道6．neartheirdestination 靠近他們的目的地7．acontentedlife 滿意的生活8．intheregion 在此地區9．aslimchance 機會渺茫10．asurvivalrate 存活率11．overcomesuchagreatpersonalloss 克服如此巨大的個人損失12．so-called“ordinarypeople” 所謂的普通人Ⅱ.拓展詞匯根據提示寫出相應的單詞1．foundern．創辦人，創始者→foundv．創辦；成立2．organisern．組織者，安排者→organisev．組織；安排→organisationn．組織；安排3．disappearvi.消失，不見→disappearancen．消失，不見→appearv．出現→appearancen．出現4．trackingn．跟蹤→trackv．跟蹤n．蹤跡5．occurvi.發生→occurrencen．發生6．agriculturen．農業→agriculturaladj.農業的7．proposaln．建議，提議→proposev．建議，提議8．survivaln．繼續生存，幸存→survivev．繼續生存，幸存；比……活得長→survivorn．幸存者9．determinationn．決心；毅力→determinev．決定→determinedadj.堅定的；堅決的10．currentadj.當前的，現時的→currentlyadv.當前地，現時地Ⅲ.重點短語根據課文語境及漢語提示填入合適的短語1．WhatdoesNPOstand__for(代表)?2．turndeserts/dryfarmlandinto(把……變成……)forest3．Focus__on(關注)thegeneralmeaning.4．Aliveorfallen,youserved__a__purpose(有用)．5．HowdidMsYiJiefangwork__through(調整)hersadnessafterherson'sdeath?6．Therearealsoplenty__of(大量的)placesforbicycleparkingandmoststreetsinthecitycentrehaveabicyclepath.7．Becauseofitsconvenienceforbicycles，Amsterdamhasbecomeverypopular__with(受……歡迎)cyclists.8．Inthe1960s,agroupofcyclingfanscame__up__with(提出)anidea.9．Thievesstolethemallina__matter__of(大約)weeks.10．Trytokeep__a__record__of(記下)whatyouhavelearnt.Ⅳ.重點句型根據課文語境及漢語提示補全句子1．形容詞(短語)作狀語Alive__or__fallen(無論是活著還是倒下),youservedapurpose.2．sothat引導目的狀語從句Peoplewouldleavethebikeintheplacewheretheyfinishedtheirjourney,so__that__someone__else__could__then__take__it__and__use__it__from__there(以便其他人能繼續使用)．3．todo不定式表示目的To__take__a__bicycle(要使用自行車),youhadtoputinaspecialcard.知識精講知識精講【核心詞匯】1.occurvi.發生；出現(1)sth.occurs/occurredtosb. 某人想到某事；某人發生某事Itoccurs/occurredtosb.that.../todo... 某人想到……(2)occurrencen. 出現；發生；事件①(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,somethingoccurredtome.他失去了知覺，當我看著他的臉時突然想到了什么。②ThepurchaseofanewcarisarelativelyfrequentoccurrenceinthelifeoftheaverageAmerican.購買新汽車在普通美國人的生活中是較為常見的事。單句語法填空(1)(2018·北京卷)Sometimesevenroutineoccurrences(occur)becomesourcesofpre-anger,orangeritself.(2)LastSunday,whenmyparentswentoutshopping,itsuddenlyoccurredtomethatIcouldgivetheroomsathoroughcleaning.(3)Itdidn'toccurtoherto__ask(ask)forhelp.注：occur沒有被動語態，不用于進行時。occur作謂語時，主語不能是人。2.overcomevt.克服(困難)；控制(感情)overcomesth. 克服……beovercomeby/with 為……所壓倒/制服①(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)WhenIencounterproblemsinEnglishlearning，myteacherlistenstomepatientlyandexplainsthemcarefully，helpingmeovercomethedifficulties.當我在英語學習中遇到問題時，老師耐心地聽我講解，幫助我克服困難。②Facedwithsomanynewthingstolearn,Iwasovercomebyfearandwasatalosswhattodo.面對這么多要學的新東西，我會感到恐懼，不知道該做什么。單句語法填空(1)(2018·天津卷)Despiterecentadvancementsin3Dfoodprinting,theindustryhasmanychallengesto__overcome(overcome)．(2)ThenightbeforethetestIwasovercomeby/withfearanddespair.3.workthrough調整(情緒)(1)workout 鍛煉身體；理解，弄懂；計算出； 計劃，制定出；解決；結果是workon 從事；繼續workas 充當；作為……而工作(2)inwork 有工作outofwork 無工作/失業atwork 在工作①Whenwefailinperformingonthestage，whatweshoulddofirstisworkingthroughourregret.當我們在舞臺上表演失敗的時候，我們應該做的第一件事情就是調整我們的懊悔情緒。②(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.生活如此忙碌，很難找到時間鍛煉身體。單句語法填空(1)WhenIgottohishouseIfoundJimworkingonanarticleaboutthecurrentsituationinAfghanistan.(2)Mary'scellphonehasbeenoutofworkforseveraldays,whichbroughtheralotofinconvenience.(3)Asyouknow，Ihavebeenworkingasateachersince1998.4.comeupwith提出；想到comeup 走近；上來；被提出comeabout 發生；產生comeacross 遇見；(偶然)發現comeout 出來；出版cometo 蘇醒；總計；達到whenitcomesto... 當談到……(2020·全國卷Ⅱ)She'stryingtocomeupwithalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.她正試圖為海貍鼠皮做的衣服設計一種標簽，以表明它是環保的。用come的相關短語填空(1)Howdiditcome__aboutthatheknewwherewewere?(2)Whenhecomes__acrossanewword,hewilloftenlookitupinthedictionaryandfindoutitsexactmeaning.(3)Oneday,hecame__up__withanideathathewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextday.1.形容詞(短語)作狀語(教材P35)Aliveorfallen,youservedapurpose.無論是活著還是倒下，你都有用。(1)形容詞(短語)作狀語說明謂語動詞表示的動作發生時，主語所處的狀態。(2)形容詞(短語)作狀語在句中還可以表示行為方式或伴隨狀況、原因、時間或條件等。①Withalltheworkdone,wewenthome,tiredbuthappy.完成所有的工作后，我們回家了，累卻很開心。②Unhappywiththeresult,hedecidedtodomoreexperiments.因為對結果不滿意，所以他決定做更多的實驗。單句語法填空(1)Surprised(surprise)andhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.(2)Shefinishedthework,exhausted(exhaust)．2.sothat引導目的狀語從句(教材P36)Peoplewouldleavethebikeintheplacewheretheyfinishedtheirjourney,sothatsomeoneelsecouldthentakeitanduseitfromthere.人們在行程結束時就地停放自行車，以便其他人能繼續使用。(1)sothat引導目的狀語從句時，意為“以便，為了”，可用inorderthat替換，從句中常有may、can、could等情態動詞。(2)sothat引導結果狀語從句時，意為“因此，所以”，通常不與情態動詞連用。①(2020·全國卷Ⅱ)ThenIcansparesometimetolearnitagain,sothatwecanpracticetogethereveryday.然后我可以抽出時間再學一遍，這樣我們就可以每天一起練習了。②Igotupearly,sothatIcaughtthefirstbus.我起得很早，所以趕上了第一班公共汽車。完成句子/同義替換(1)我把鑰匙給你，你可以自己開門進去。I'llgiveyouakeyso__that__you__can__let__yourself__in．(2)Westartedearlysothatwecouldarrivebeforedark.→Westartedearlyin__order__that__we__couldarrivebeforedark.(改為簡單句)注：inorderthat也可以引導目的狀語從句，sothat一般不用于句首，而inorderthat可用于句首。主題延展目標導航主題延展目標導航課文語法填空Amsterdamisacitywherepeopleenjoy1.cycling(cycle)becauseit'sflat.CyclingfansinAmsterdamfirsthadtheideaof“whitebikes”inthe1960s.Theypaintedhundredsofbikeswhiteandleftthemaroundthecitycentreforanybody2.to__use(use)becausetheywere3.hopeful(hope)thatthiswouldhelptosaveenergy,reducepollutionandprovidefreepublictransport.4.Unfortunately(fortunate),inamatterofweeks，the“whitebikes”all5.disappeared(disappear)．Inthe1990s，“whitebikes”returnedtoAmsterdam—thistimewithsomehigh-techsecuritymeasures，forexample，acomputertrackingsystem.Nowbike-sharingprogrammes6.like“whitebikes”havebecomepopularallaroundtheworld,7.including(include)China,8.wheremoreandmorepeopleusesharedbikesincities.Butproblemsdosometimesdevelop,likethestealingofbikesand9.parking(park)issues.However,peoplearetryingdifferentways10.to__find(find)solutionstothoseproblems.分層提分分層提分基礎過關基礎過關一、單詞拼寫1．Thedisappearance(消失)ofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.Butalternativeexplanationsarehardtofind.2．(2016·北京卷)AweekbeforeEarthDay,posters(海報)wereputuparoundourschool,callinguponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerearth.3．(2019·北京卷)Moorewantstouseheruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.Shedonates10%ofAilieCandy'sprofits(利潤)toBigSmiles.4．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandtherefore(所以)helpsaveenergy.5．Guidedbythesun,theywalkedtowardstheirdestination(目的地)throughthewoods.6．(2019·北京卷)Firstcelebratedin1970,theDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregions(地區)．7．(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)Youwillsurelyneedtoovercome(克服)somedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplanned.8．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Writeapoemabouthowcourage,determination(決心),andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.9．(全國卷Ⅱ)Throughtheyears，I'drunintoformer(以前的)studentswhowouldprovideupdatesonoldclassmates.10．Currently(目前),theproblemofcorruptioncrimeshasbecomethefocusofthepublic.二、短語填空workthrough,comeupwith,occurto,standfor，thanksto,keeparecordof,focuson,cometrue1．ThebiggeststarontheChinesenationalflagstands__fortheCPC.2．Agoodideaoccurred__tohimwhenhewasaskedtofindthesolutiontotheproblem.3．Aftersomeonedies,itcantakealongtimetowork__throughyourgrief.4．Themanagerhasalreadycome__up__withasuitablesolution.5．(2020·天津卷7月)Thanks__totheSilenceMachine，aBritishinvention，youcangetridofthesoundwithoutupsettingtheboyorhisparents.6．HeworkedhardbeforetheCollegeEntranceExamination,anditpaidoff.Hisdreamofgoingtocollegecame__true．7．Itrytohaveapositiveattitude,keepmymindfocused__onwhatIhavetodo.8．Asastudentofbirdlifehekept__a__record__ofhisobservations.三、單句填空1．(2020·全國卷Ⅲ)Wearetheproductsofevolution，andnotjustevolutionthatoccurred(occur)billionsofyearsago.2．(2020·江蘇卷)AfterbecominganimportantpartofmanyBritishstreets，thephoneboxesbegandisappearing(disappear)inthe1980s，withtheriseofthemobilephonesendingmostofthemawaytothejunkyards.3．Tired(tire)andhungry,theywentintoarestaurant.4．Weshouldovercomeourweaknessesandfearswithcourageanddetermination(determine)．5．Inthiscity,driverssearchingforparking(park)spotsleadto30percentofalldowntownjams.6．(2019·北京卷)Wilsonfirstworkedasadriverthroughastudent-supportprogrammeofthenon-profitorganization(organize),OnPointforCollege.7．Hewasthefounder(found)andguidingspiritofNewYork'sShakespeareFestival.8．(北京卷)Forasuddenheartfailure，thesinglebestchanceforsurvival(survive)ishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.9．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)SoshepraisedJohnforhisproposal(propose),andofferedhimsomeadvice.10．(2018·江蘇卷)From2004to2013,agricultural(agriculture)landvaluesdoubled,andtheycontinuetoriseinmanyregions.四、完成句子/句型轉換/一句多譯1．為了保持一個苗條的身材他們每天運動。Theytookexerciseeverydayto__keep__a__slim__figure．2．Hereturnedfromthewarandhewassafeandsound.→Hereturnedfromthewar,safe__and__sound．3．ItoccurredtomethatIshouldgotoattendameetingwhenIwasabouttogohome.→Itoccurredtometo__go__to__attend__a__meetingwhenIwasabouttogohome.4．他們努力工作，以便在展覽上能夠獲得成功。①Theyworkedhardso__that__they__might__succeedintheexhibition.②Theyworkedhardin__order__that__they__might__succeedintheexhibition.5．她突然想到她應該毫不猶豫地收養這個無家可歸的孩子。①It__occurred__to__herthatsheshouldn'thesitatetoadoptthehomelesschild.(occur)②It__struck__herthatsheshouldn'thesitatetoadoptthehomelesschild.(strike)③It__hit__herthatsheshouldn'thesitatetoadoptthehomelesschild.(hit)能力提升能力提升AAnimalsarenaturalresourcesthatpeoplehavewastedallthroughourhistory.Animalshavebeenkilledfortheirfurandfeathers,forfood,forsport,andsimplybecausetheywereintheway.Thousandsofkindsofanimalshavedisappearedfromtheearthforever.Hundredsmoreareonthedangerlisttoday.About170kindsintheUnitedStatesaloneareconsideredindanger.Whyshouldpeoplecare?Becauseweneedanimals.Andbecauseoncetheyaregone,therewillneverbeanymore.Animalsaremorethanbeautifulorinterestingorasourceoffood.Everyanimalhasitsplaceinthebalanceofnature.Destroyingonekindofanimalcancreatemanyproblems.Forexample,whenfarmerskilledlargenumbersofhawks(鷹),thefarmers'storesofcornandgrainweredestroyedbymice.Why?Becausehawkseatmice.Withnohawkstokeepdowntheirnumbers，themicemultipliedquickly.Luckily,somepeopleareworkingtohelpsavetheanimals.Somegroupsraisemoneytoletpeopleknowabouttheproblem.Andtheytrytogetthegovernmentstopasslawsprotectinganimalsindanger.Quiteafewcountrieshavepassedlaws.Theselawsforbidthekillingofanyanimalorplantonthedangerlist.Slowly,thenumberofsomeanimalsindangerisgrowing.【解題導語】目前，世界范圍內動物的數量正在不斷下降，保護動物刻不容緩。保護動物不僅是為動物，也是為我們人類自己的生存考慮。幸運的是，人類已經行動起來了。1．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．SavetheAnimals B．UsefulAnimalsC．LawsforAnimals D．AnimalsinDangerA解析：標題歸納題。文章提到動物面臨的生存現狀、保護動物的必要性以及目前一些國家對瀕危動物采取的保護性措施等方面都體現了保護動物的主題，故文章標題應是“保護動物”。2．Whyareanimalsimportanttous?A．Becausetheygiveusasourceoffood.B．Becausetheyarebeautifulandlovely.C．Becausetheykeepthebalanceofnature.D．Becausetheygiveusalotofpleasure.C解析：細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Animalsaremorethan...inthebalanceofnature.”可以看出，每一種動物的存在都是有道理的，都是為了維持自然界的平衡。3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Peoplecaremuchaboutanimalsbecausetheyneedthem.B．Peoplemustnotkillanyanimalorplant.C．Killingallmicemaycausesomenewproblems.D．Onceacertainkindofanimalisgoneforever,therewillneverbeanymore.B解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Becauseweneedanimals.”可確定A項正確。根據第四段中的“Everyanimalhasitsplaceinthebalanceofnature.”可確定C項正確。根據第二段中的“Thousandsofkindsofanimalshavedisappearedfromtheearthforever.”可確定D項正確。B項說法過于絕對，文章最后一段中的“Theselawsforbidthekillingofanyanimalorplantonthedangerlist.”是說法律禁止殺害瀕危動植物，所以人們可以捕殺動物，但要有一定的限度。4．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Peoplehaveknowntheimportanceofanimalprotectionforalongtime.B．Animalsplayanimportantroleinpeople'slife.C．Thenumberofhawksisonthedecrease.D．Manycountriespassedlawsforbiddingthekillingofanyanimal.B解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段和第四段的描述可以看出，此前人們對于動物的保護并不關注，當然也并未意識到動物保護的重要性，故A項錯誤。通過對文章第四段的理解可以得知動物在人們的生活中起著重要作用，故B項正確。文中提到鷹的數量由于人類的捕殺而減少，但并非現在的情況，故可排除C項。根據文章最后一段可知D項錯誤。BSaraHinesley,whois10,doesn'tunderstandwhyitissoremarkablethatshewonanationalhandwritingcompetition.Sara,athird-gradestudentatSt.JohnRegionalCatholicSchoolinFrederick,Maryland,wontheNicholasMaximawardforhercursive(草書的)handwriting.Shepaintsanddraws,andsculptsclay.ShecanwriteinEnglishandsomeChinese.Whenshelearnttowriteincursivethisyear,Sarasaid,shethoughtitwas“kindofeasy”.ThisisalldespitethefactthatSarawasbornwithouthands.Towrite,Saraholdsherpencilbetweenherarmsandthenfocusesontheshapesofletters,eachpointandcurve.“Writingincursivefeelslikecreatingartwork，”Sarasaid.“Ilikethewaythelettersareformed.It'skindofart.”Sarahasneverwornaprosthesis(artificialarms),andwhensheisofferedhelporatoolthatmighteasesometasks—suchascuttingpaperwithscissors—sherejectsit,saidhermother,CathrynHinesley.Shehasthisindependenttrendwhereshejustknowsthatshecandoitandshe'llfigureoutherownway.Sheisbeautifulandstrongandmightyjustthewaysheis,andshejustlivesthatway.Shereallydoes.Shemovesthroughlifeinthiswaythatyouneverreallyseeherashavingadisabilitybecauseshehasa“can-do,I-can-solve-anythingattitude”．“Saraisanevidenceofstrongwillandthehumanspirit，”Cathrynsaid.“EverydayIamamazedatthethingssheiscapabletodoandthatshechoosestodo.Shedoesn'tattempttofindherwaytoavoidadifficulty.Shefindsawaytofinishthetask.”Sarareceivedhernationalaward—amedal—atanawardceremonyonJune13,whereshewasalsogivena$500prize.SheisthefirststudentfromSt.John'stoeverreceivetheNicholasMaximaward.【解題導語】文章主要講述了10歲的三年級學生薩拉身殘志堅的故事。5．Whatcanweinferfromthefirstsentence?A．Saramakeseveryefforttowintheaward.B．Saraconsidersiteasytowintheaward.C．Saradoesn'ttaketheawardseriously.D．Saraisexcitedatwinningtheaward.C解析：推理判斷題。根據第一句可推測出，薩拉并沒有非常看重這個獎項，因為她覺得這是一件很正常的事情。故選C。6．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribeSara?A．Brave. B．Intelligent.C．Generous. D．Strong-minded.D解析：細節理解題。根據第五段的最后三句及第六段中的“Saraisanevidenceofstrongwillandthehumanspirit”可知，薩拉是一個意志堅定的孩子，因為她有“樂于嘗試，我可以解決任何事情的態度”。因此用strong-minded(意志堅定的)來形容她最貼切。7．WhatisimpliedinCathryn'swords?A．SheexpectsSaratobeindependent.B．SheisgreatlyproudofSaraHinesley.C．Shedoesn'tthinkSarahasadisability.D．SheisconcernedaboutSara'sfuture.B解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段可推測出，薩拉的媽媽為自己的女兒感到驕傲。B項“SheisgreatlyproudofSaraHinesley.”符合題意。8．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythispassageappear?A．Health. B．Education.C．Science. D．Entertainment.B解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段可知，本文講述的是一個學生獲得書法獎項的故事，由此可推測出這篇文章最有可能出現在報紙的教育版塊。培優拔尖培優拔尖閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Haveyouseenpeoplewhotakepicturesoffoodformorethan10minutesbeforeeating?Howaboutthosewhobeautifytheirselfie(自拍照片)somuchthattheycan'tbe__1__？Theremustbeoneormorewho__2__inyoursocialmedia.Nomatterwhattheychoosetoshare,theysharethebestbutthemostunreal.TakemyfriendChen.Everytimewewenttoarestaurant,shewouldnottakea__3__untilallthedisheswe__4__wereonthetable.Then,shewouldspendfiveminutesinsettingthedishesinaseeminglyrandombutinfact__5__order.Thenthemostimportantpart:takingpictures.Afterthat,shewouldchooseoneofthe__6__andclickinthefilter(濾鏡)app.Thefoodeventuallylooked10timesmoredeliciousthanitreallywas,butwehadno__7__toreallyenjoyit—itallwentcold.ActuallyChen'sreallifeismuchlesselegant.Forexample,shehatestowashthedishes,sosheleavestheminthesinkfor__8__．Manypeoplecaretoomuchaboutothers'opinionsandtrytoohardto__9__others.Theyfindithardtobe__10__andtoacceptthemselves,andthustheyareafraidtoshowtheirreallifeonsocialmedia.Whattheyaretryingtoproveis__11__whattheylackinreal