2025年托福聽力天文講座專項訓練：天文科普教育與公眾參與解析卷一、聽力理解要求：根據聽力材料，選擇最合適的答案。1.Whatisthemaintopicofthelecture?A.ThehistoryofastronomyB.TheimportanceoftelescopesinmodernastronomyC.TheimpactofcosmicraysonEarth'satmosphereD.Thediscoveryofthefirstblackhole2.Accordingtothelecture,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheHubbleSpaceTelescope?A.Itwaslaunchedinthe1980s.B.ItislocatedonEarth'ssurface.C.Itcanonlyobservevisiblelight.D.Ithasbeendecommissioned.3.WhatisthesignificanceoftheKeplerSpaceTelescopeaccordingtothelecture?A.Itisthelargestopticaltelescopeintheworld.B.Ithasdiscoveredthousandsofexoplanets.C.Itisusedtostudythecompositionofstars.D.Itislocatedintheoutersolarsystem.二、閱讀理解要求：閱讀文章，根據文章內容回答問題。4.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsbelow.TheMilkyWaygalaxy,alsoknownastheGalaxy,isabarredspiralgalaxythatcontainsoursolarsystem.Itisoneofbillionsofgalaxiesintheobservableuniverse.TheMilkyWayhasadiameterofabout100,000light-yearsandcontainshundredsofbillionsofstars.OneofthemostfascinatingfeaturesoftheMilkyWayisthepresenceofasupermassiveblackholeatitscenter,knownasSagittariusA*.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheMilkyWayisabarredspiralgalaxy.B.TheMilkyWaycontainsoursolarsystem.C.TheMilkyWayhasadiameterofabout100,000light-years.D.SagittariusA*isasupermassiveblackholeatthecenteroftheMilkyWay.5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheMilkyWay?A.Itisthelargestgalaxyintheobservableuniverse.B.Itcontainshundredsofbillionsofstars.C.Itisasphericalgalaxy.D.Ithasnosupermassiveblackholeatitscenter.6.WhatisthesignificanceofSagittariusA*accordingtothepassage?A.Itisamedium-sizedblackhole.B.ItisthelargestblackholeintheMilkyWay.C.ItislocatedatthecenteroftheMilkyWay.D.ItisresponsiblefortheformationoftheMilkyWay.四、詞匯理解要求：根據上下文，選擇最合適的詞填空。7.Thelecturediscussesthe___________ofdarkmatter,whichisbelievedtomakeupasignificantportionoftheuniverse'smass.A.compositionB.distributionC.discoveryD.existence8.Thespeakermentionsthat___________areessentialtoolsforastronomerstostudydistantcelestialbodies.A.telescopesB.satellitesC.spectrometersD.computers9.Thelectureexplainsthatthe___________ofastarcanprovidevaluableinformationaboutitsageandcomposition.A.colorB.brightnessC.rotationD.temperature五、推理判斷要求：根據文章內容，推斷出正確的結論。10.Thespeakermentionsthatthe___________oftheEarth'satmosphereisaffectedbycosmicrays,whicharehigh-energyparticlesfromspace.A.compositionB.pressureC.temperatureD.thickness11.Thelecturesuggeststhatthe___________ofexoplanetshasbeengreatlyimprovedbytheuseofspace-basedtelescopes.A.accuracyB.speedC.efficiencyD.variety12.Thespeakerindicatesthatthe___________ofblackholesisstillasubjectofactiveresearchinastronomy.A.formationB.propertiesC.detectionD.evolution六、主旨大意要求：概括文章的主要觀點。13.Whatistheoverallpurposeofthelecture?A.Todiscussthehistoryoftelescopesinastronomy.B.Toexplainthevariousmethodsusedtostudyblackholes.C.Toexploretheroleofdarkmatterintheuniverse.D.TodescribetheimpactofcosmicraysonEarth'senvironment.本次試卷答案如下：一、聽力理解1.B解析思路：通過聽力材料，了解講座主要討論的是望遠鏡在現代天文學中的重要性。2.A解析思路：根據聽力材料，了解哈勃太空望遠鏡是在1980年代發射的。3.B解析思路：通過聽力材料，了解開普勒太空望遠鏡的主要貢獻是發現了數千顆系外行星。二、閱讀理解4.D解析思路：閱讀文章后，可以確定文章的主要觀點是介紹銀河系中心存在一個名為SagittariusA*的超大質量黑洞。5.B解析思路：根據文章內容，銀河系包含數百億顆恒星，這是正確的描述。6.C解析思路：文章中提到SagittariusA*位于銀河系的中心，這是其最重要的特征。四、詞匯理解7.D解析思路：根據上下文，darkmatter（暗物質）的存在是講座討論的主題，因此選擇existence（存在）。8.A解析思路：根據上下文，望遠鏡是天文學家研究遙遠天體的