現代漢語語音特征考察試題及答案姓名：____________________

一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）

1.下列詞語中，不屬于漢語語音特征的是：

A.四聲

B.聲母

C.前鼻韻母

D.句讀

2.漢語語音的聲母共有多少個？

A.21個

B.22個

C.23個

D.24個

3.下列詞語中，不屬于四聲調類的是：

A.高平

B.高升

C.高降

D.中平

4.下列哪個音節是雙聲？

A.máo

B.nián

C.huá

D.shí

5.下列詞語中，聲調標注錯誤的是：

A.北京（běíjīng）

B.山水（shānshuǐ）

C.豐收（fēngshōng）

D.舞蹈（wǔdǎo）

6.下列哪個詞語屬于前鼻韻母？

A.天空

B.花開

C.小草

D.山峰

7.下列哪個音節是輕聲？

A.你好

B.他們

C.看見

D.吃飯

8.下列哪個詞語是疊韻？

A.風光

B.美麗

C.花香

D.豐收

9.下列哪個詞語是疊音？

A.風光

B.美麗

C.花香

D.蜜蜂

10.下列哪個詞語是兒化音？

A.花朵

B.蜜蜂

C.花開

D.蜜桃

二、填空題（每空1分，共5題）

1.漢語語音的四個聲調分別為：______、______、______、______。

2.漢語語音的聲母共有______個，分別為：______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______。

3.漢語語音的韻母共有______個，分為______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、______、____

二、多項選擇題（每題3分，共10題）

1.下列哪些屬于漢語語音的聲母：

A.b

B.m

C.d

D.g

E.zh

F.ch

G.sh

H.r

I.z

J.c

2.下列哪些屬于漢語語音的韻母：

A.a

B.e

C.i

D.o

E.u

F.ü

G.ai

H.ei

I.ao

J.ou

3.下列哪些詞語屬于四聲：

A.shàn

B.bèi

C.zhǎng

D.shēng

E.mǎo

F.nián

G.huá

H.shí

I.fēng

J.shuǐ

4.下列哪些詞語中包含兒化音：

A.花朵

B.蜜蜂

C.花開

D.蜜桃

E.小鳥

F.水珠

G.小狗

H.雪球

I.小魚

J.草莓

5.下列哪些詞語屬于雙聲：

A.máo

B.nián

C.huá

D.shí

E.yīng

F.yuè

G.yǎn

H.yīn

I.yǒu

J.yù

6.下列哪些詞語屬于疊韻：

A.風光

B.美麗

C.花香

D.豐收

E.河流

F.海洋

G.星空

H.山峰

I.雨點

J.雪花

7.下列哪些詞語屬于疊音：

A.風光

B.美麗

C.花香

D.蜜蜂

E.小草

F.蜜桃

G.雪球

H.小狗

I.水珠

J.星空

8.下列哪些詞語屬于前鼻韻母：

A.天空

B.花開

C.小草

D.山峰

E.豐收

F.麥田

G.河流

H.海洋

I.星空

J.雪花

9.下列哪些詞語屬于后鼻韻母：

A.火車

B.飛機

C.書包

D.鑰匙

E.襪子

F.手套

G.眼鏡

H.鞋子

I.耳朵

J.嘴巴

10.下列哪些詞語中包含輕聲：

A.你好

B.他們

C.看見

D.吃飯

E.行走

F.坐下

G.拿起

H.放下

I.走開

J.來到

三、判斷題（每題2分，共10題）

1.漢語的聲調是漢語音節中最重要的區別特征。（）

2.漢語普通話共有四個聲調，分別是陰平、陽平、上聲和去聲。（）

3.漢語的聲母共有21個，其中輔音聲母有19個，元音聲母有2個。（）

4.漢語的韻母共有39個，包括單韻母、復韻母和鼻韻母。（）

5.兒化音是漢語中特有的音變現象，通常出現在韻母后面加上一個“兒”字。（）

6.雙聲是指一個音節中同時包含兩個聲母的現象。（）

7.疊韻是指一個音節中兩個音節的聲母相同的現象。（）

8.前鼻韻母和后鼻韻母的區別在于韻尾的發音部位。（）

9.漢語的輕聲是一種特殊的聲調，它不改變原有的聲調。（）

10.漢語中的音節結構是固定的，每個音節都由聲母、韻母和聲調組成。（）

四、簡答題（每題5分，共6題）

1.簡述漢語語音的四個聲調及其特點。

2.解釋什么是聲母，并列舉漢語普通話中的21個聲母。

3.簡要說明韻母的分類及其在漢語語音中的作用。

4.舉例說明什么是兒化音，并解釋其產生的原因。

5.解釋什么是雙聲和疊韻，并舉例說明。

6.比較前鼻韻母和后鼻韻母的發音特點，并舉例說明。

試卷答案如下

一、單項選擇題

1.D

解析思