PAGE1-課時提能練(十六)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024·廣東省六校聯(lián)考)NEWYORK—AmassivewinterstormparalyzedmuchoftheUSEastCoastonThursdayandFriday，dumpingasmuchas46centimetersofsnowfromtheCarolinastoMaine.ItalsocausedfloodingonthestreetsofBostonduetoswellingstormtides，forcedthecancellationofnearly5,000flightsandclosedbusinesses，officesandschools.Somemeteorologists(氣象學家)classifiedthestormasa“bombcyclone”foritssharpdropinatmosphericpressurewouldbefollowedimmediatelybyablastofcoldairthatcouldbreakrecordsinmorethantwodozencitiesandbringwindchillsaslowas－40℃duringtheweekend.FromBaltimore，Maryland，toCaribouinMaine，effortswereunderwaytoclearroadwaysoficeandsnowaswindchilltemperaturesweretoplungeduringtheday，reaching－40℃insomepartsaftersundown，accordingtotheNationalWeatherService.UtilitycompaniesacrosstheEastworkedtorepairdownedpowerlinesearlyonFridayasabout21,000customersremainedwithoutelectricity，downfromalmost80,000thedaybefore，andissuedwarningsthattemperaturesmaybecomedangerouslylow.“Ifthetemperatureinyourhomebeginstofall，werecommendtakingshelterelsewhereuntilservicecanberestored.Youcanfindwarmingcentersbycontactinglocalauthorities，”NationalGridpowercompany，whichservesMassachusetts，saidonTwitter.Airlinescanceled4,000flightsonThursdayandhundredsmoreonFriday，accordingtoFlightAware，anonlinetrackingservice.MayorBilldeBlasiosaiditcouldfeellike－30℃onFridayandSaturdaynightswiththewindchill.“Thisisaserious，seriousstorm，andmaybethemostseverein2024，”hesaidatanewsconference.NewYorkGovernorAndrewCuomodeclaredastateofemergencyforthesouthernpartofthestate，whileNewJerseyGovernorChrisChristiedeclaredastateofemergencyforseveralcounties.【語篇解讀】本文屬于新聞報道。大規(guī)模的暴風雨于周四和周五攻擊了美國東海岸，給當地的生產和生活造成了嚴峻影響。1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheconsequenceofthemassivewinterstorm?A．BreakdownoftheUScoast.B．FloodinginBoston.C．Cancellationofnearly5,000flights.D．Closureinbusiness，offices，andschools.A[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第一段其次句“ItalsocausedfloodingonthestreetsofBostonduetoswellingstormtides，forcedthecancellationofnearly5,000flightsandclosedbusinesses，officesandschools.”可知，受暴風雪的影響，波士頓暴發(fā)了洪水，近5000架次的航班被迫取消，企業(yè)、辦公樓和學校也被迫關閉。只有A項沒有提到，故選A。]2．Whydidsomemeteorologistsclassifythiswinterstormas“bombcyclone”？A．Becauseitwillcausechangeableatmosphericpressure.B．Becausethescaleofthisstormcouldbreakrecordsinlotsofcities.C．Becauseofthedeadlyanddestructiveeffectsofthisstorm.D．Becauseoftheextremelycoldairandthewindchillsinthisstorm.D[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據其次段可知，一些氣象專家將此類風暴歸為“炸彈氣旋”的緣由是氣壓的急劇下降，而隨后還會有一股冷空氣到來，打破了20多座城市的記錄，導致周末時氣溫低至－40℃。故選D。]3．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword“plunge”inPara.3?A．Declinesteadily.B．Dropdramatically.C．Fluctuateviolently.D．Fallmoderately.B[詞義揣測題。依據第三段第一句“...windchilltemperaturesweretoplungeduringtheday，reaching－40℃insomepartsaftersundown...”可知，一些地區(qū)的風寒溫度在日落后會降到－40℃。據此可知，畫線詞的含義為“突然下降”，故選B。]4．Abouttherescuework，whichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?A．Peopleweremakinggreateffortstoridroadwaysoficeandsnow.B．About101thousandpeoplewereleftwithoutelectricityonThursday.C．Residentscanstayinwarmingcentersuntilheatingserviceisrestored.D．Aviationservicehasn'tbeenbroughtbacktonormalyetuntilFriday.B[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第三段可知，人們正在加緊清理路面上的冰雪，故解除A項；依據第五段前兩句可知，在供暖服務復原之前，居民可以住在供暖中心，故解除C項；依據第六段可知，航班服務仍舊沒有復原正常，故解除D項。依據第四段內容可知，周五早些時候，電力公司都在努力修復被擊落的電線，當時大約有21000家沒有電，比前一天的差不多80000削減了，故可知周四沒有電的不是101000家。故選B。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2024·石家莊一模)HowtoBeaGoodTeamLeaderTeamworkisessentialinschool，sports，andgroupactivities.Beingagoodteamleaderinvolvesalotofskills，butknowinghowtorelatetoyourteamisoneofthemostimportantqualitiesagoodteamleadershouldhave.

Showrespect.Asaleader，youwillsometimeshavetomakeadecisioninahurry.1You'dbetterexplainclearlywhyyoumadethedecisionandaskforfeedbackfromyourteam，whichshowsthatyouarealeaderwithrespect.

2Ifsomepeoplearealittlebehindonaprojectortask，helpthem.Bepatientandspendsometimewiththeindividualtoassesswhythereisanissue.Inaddition，findataskforeveryonenomatterwhattheirskillorlevelis.3

Encourageyourteam.Sometimespeoplearescaredtotrysomething，andthisiswheretheleadercomesin.4It'smorelikelythatyourteamwillgetmotivatedandhavethejobdoneatlast.

Recognizethepositiveresults.Acknowledgeyourteamforajobwelldone，evenifit'ssmall.Youdon'thavetorewardgoodworkwithapayraise.5Takingasecondortwotostopandthankyourteammakesadifference.Onceyoufollowthetipsmentionedabove，youwillmakeagoodteamleader.A．Includeeveryone.B．Keepapositiveattitude.C．Apayraisewillcheerupyourteam.D．Oralappreciationholdsalotofweight.E．Afterall，theyallwanttocontributeinsomeway.F．Showyourteamthatthetaskispossible，evenifdifficult.G．Butthismaynotalwaysbewhateveryoneinyourteamwants.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了四條成為優(yōu)秀領導的原則。1．G[依據空處前一句“Asaleader，youwillsometimeshavetomakeadecisioninahurry”可知，作為一個領導者，你有時不得不快速做出確定；結合空處后一句“You'dbetterexplainclearlywhyyoumadethedecisionandaskforfeedbackfromyourteam，whichshowsthatyouarealeaderwithrespect”可知，你最好說明清晰你為什么做出這樣的確定；依據空處前后兩句的句意可以推斷，空處與前一句形成轉折關系，表示這么做并非團隊每個成員想要的，并引出后一句，故G項正確。]2．A[依據空處所在的位置可知，空處是該段標題；由該段其次、第三句“Bepatientandspendsometimewiththeindividualtoassesswhythereisanissue.Inaddition，findataskforeveryonenomatterwhattheirskillorlevelis”可知，要有耐性，花些時間和個人探討為什么會有這樣的問題；此外，要給全部人找到任務。據此可以推斷，該段主要陳述要關注每個成員，故A項正確。]3．E[依據空處前一句“Inaddition，findataskforeveryonenomatterwhattheirskillorlevelis”可知，要給全部人找到任務，不管他們的技能或水平是什么樣的；據此可以推斷，空處說明此舉的緣由，故E項(終歸每個團隊的成員都想以某種方式做出貢獻)符合語境。]4．F[依據該段的標題“Encourageyourteam”可知，要激勵你的團隊成員；結合空處后一句“It'smorelikelythatyourteamwillgetmotivatedandhavethejobdoneatlast”可知，你的團隊成員很有可能被激勵，從而最終完成工作；據此可以推斷，空處承上啟下，陳述激勵的方式，故F項(向團隊成員證明，即使任務很困難，也是可能完成的)符合語境。]5．D[依據空處前一句“Youdon'thavetorewardgoodworkwithapayraise”可知，你無需為良好的工作表現加薪；據此可以推斷，口頭表揚會起到很大的作用，故D項與此處匹配。]Ⅲ.語法填空(2024·貴陽適應性考試)Franklin'slifeisfullofcharmingstorieswhichallyoungmenshouldknow—1.hesoldbooksinBoston，andbecametheguestofkingsinEurope；howhewasmadeMajorGeneralFranklin，onlytoquitbecause，ashesaid，hewasnosoldier，andyethelpedtoorganizethearmythatstoodbeforethetrainedtroopsofEnglandandGermany.ThispoorBostonboy，withoutaday'sschooling，2.(become)amasterofsixlanguagesandneverstopped3.(study)；thisneglectedapprentice(學徒)conqueredlightning，madehisnamefamous，4.(receive)degreesanddiplomasfrommanycolleges，andbecameforeverrememberedasthe“DoctorFranklin”，aphilosopher，scientistand5.(politics)leader.Self-made，self-taught，thecandlemaker'ssongavelight6.alltheworld；thestreetbooksellersetallmensingingofliberty；theapprenticebecamethemostsought-aftermanacrosstheworld，andbroughthisnativelandtopraiseandhonorhim.HebuiltAmerica，forwhatthenationistodayislargelyduetothemanagement，theforethought，thewisdom，andthe7.(able)ofBenjaminFranklin.Hebelongstotheworld，but8.(especial)hebelongstoAmerica.Peoplearoundtheworldhonoredhimwhilehewasliving；heisstillregarded9.theloftiest(崇高的)manbythecommonpeopletodayafterhisdeath.Andhewillliveinpeople's10.(heart)forever.【語篇解讀】本文主要講解并描述了美國名人本杰明·富蘭克林的傳奇故事。1．how[考查副詞。此處與下文中的“howhewasmadeMajorGeneralFranklin”呼應，此處表示事情進行的方式，故用副詞how。]2．became[考查動詞時態(tài)。依據下文的andneverstopped可知，此處是并列結構，故用一般過去時。]3．studying[考查動名詞。stopdoingsth.意為“停止做某事”，故用動名詞作賓語。]4．received[考查動詞時態(tài)。依據語境可知，此處和conquered，made，became是并列關系，故用一般過去時。]5．political[考查形容詞。修飾名詞用形容詞，故用形容詞political修飾名詞leader，在句子中作定語。]6．to[考查介詞。givesth.to...意為“給……某物”，故用介詞to。]7．ability[考查詞性轉換。依據冠詞the和介詞of以及上文的management，forethought和wisdom可知，此處用名詞ability表示抽象概念。]8．especially[考查副詞。副詞修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞、介詞短語，甚至整個句子，在句子中作狀語。此處副詞especially修飾整個句子。]9．as[考查介詞。regard...as...意為“把……看作……”，為固定搭配，故用介詞as。]10．hearts[考查名詞復數。heart作“心，內心”時為可數名詞，依據空前的people's可知，此處表示復數概念，故用復數名詞hearts。]Ⅳ.短文改錯(2024·太原模擬)Doyoubelieveloveisthemostimportant?Intheearlytwentycentury，homelesspeoplewereoftenbroughtupinorphanages，inthattheyreceivedlittlelove.Atonetime，Dr.Skeelstooktwelvechildrenfromanorphanageorhadayounggirllookthemeachday.Healsostudiedanothertwelvechildrenwhoareleftintheorphanagealldaylong.Hefollowedthesechildrennotuntiltheygrewup，andtheresultswereshocked.Thechildrenstayingalldayintheorphanagewereeitherdeadorsufferingfromseriousillnesses.However，the