第78頁（共78頁）2025年高考英語復習難題速遞之說明文閱讀理解（2025年4月）一．閱讀理解（共20小題）1．（2025?錦州一模）Withrapidevolutionofartificialintelligence，DeepSeekhasemergedasarevolutionaryforceredefiningtheboundariesofmachinelearningapplications.Establishedin2023，thisAIenterprisehasdistinguisheditselfthroughitsfocusondevelopingself﹣improvingalgorithms（算法）whileaddressingthecomplexdilemmascausedbyadvancedAIsystems.AtthecoreofDeepSeek'sinnovationliesDeepSeek﹣V3，amultimodalneural（神經的）networkthatcombinestransformerarchitecturewithlateststrengthenedlearningmechanisms.UnlikeconventionalAlmodelsrequiringperiodichumanupdates，thisself﹣promotingsystemprocessesover2.3trillionparameters（參數）inreal﹣timethroughitsspecialautomaticweightingsystem.Themodel'slanguageprocessingcapabilitiesextendbeyondmerepatternrecognition，enablingittoanalyseconfusingphraseslikemedicaltermsorculturalidiomswith94.7%accuracyinclinicaltrials.Thecompany'sbreakthroughshaveparticularlypioneereddiagnosticmedicine.DeepSeek'smedicalAItoolset，MedAnalytica﹣X，recentlyoutperformedX﹣rayexpertsindetectingearly﹣stagecancerthroughitsanalysisofCTscansandgeneticdata.Byidentifyingtumor（腫瘤）patternsinvisibletothehumaneye，thesystemachieved99.1%accuracyina15，000﹣patientmulticenterstudy，reducingdiagnosticdelaysbyanaverageof14.3months.However，thecompanysparkedpanicwhenitsworkforceautomationtoolsreplaced23%ofcustomerservicepositionsatpartnerorganizations.Inresponse，DeepSeekestablishedthefirstAITransitionFund，settingaside7%ofannualprofitstoretrainingprogramsfocusedonAIsupervisionandcomputingmaintenance.Lookingahead，DeepSeek'supcomingProjectHermesseekstotranslatecomplexAIdecisionsintocausalreasoningchainsunderstandabletonon﹣experts.AsgovernmentsdebateAIregulation，DeepSeek'sresearchersstandupforadaptivemanagementframeworksthatbalanceinnovationwithalgorithmicresponsibility.Whiledoubtersquestionwhetheranyprivatecompanyshouldhavesuchtransformativepower，DeepSeek'scommitmenttoopen﹣sourceitssafetyalgorithmshaseasedsomeconcerns.Thecompany'stracksuggestsafuturewhereAIdoesn'tmerelycopyhumanintelligencebutcreatesnewmodelsforhuman﹣machinecooperation.（1）WhatdiffersDeepSeek﹣V3fromconventionalAlmodels？A.Periodicmanualupdatesfromengineers.B.Superiorperformanceinlanguagetranslationonly.C.Real﹣timeself﹣improvementthroughadaptiveweighting.D.Itsabilitytoprocesslanguagethroughpatternrecognition.（2）HowdidMedAnalytica﹣Ximprovecancerdiagnosis？A.Byanalyzingconfusingmedicalterms.B.Byinvestigatinggeneticdataandtumorpatterns.C.Byfocusingsolelyontraditionalimagingtechniques.D.BycooperatingwithhumanX﹣rayexpertsinclinicaltrials.（3）WhatmeasuredidDeepSeektaketorelievejobreplacementconcerns？A.FightingagainstAIregulationpolicies.B.Reducingthepriceofmedicaldiagnostictools.C.Suspendingalltheautomationresearchpermanently.D.Creatingretrainingprogramsfundedbycompanyprofits.（4）Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage？A.AIInnovationandItsChallenges：TheStoryofDeepSeekB.ConcernsCausedbyDeepSeek'sAutomation：UnemploymentC.ABreakthroughinMultimodalNeuralNetworks：DeepSeek﹣V3D.AccuracyofCancerDiagnosisisImproving：DeepSeek'sMedicalAl2．（2025?錦州一模）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。2024hasbeenaremarkableyearforliterature，withbooksfromhistoricalfictiontotechinnovationfascinatingreadersglobally.Belowarefourstandouttitlesthatdominatedbestsellerlistsandsparkedculturalconversations.OneHundredYearsofSolitude（2024Edition）byGabrielGarciaMarquezThismasterpiece，re﹣releasedinaspecial2024edition，reclaimeditsspotatopfictioncharts.Marryingmagicalrealismwithamulti﹣generationallegendoftheBuendiafamily，thenovel'stimelessexplorationoflove，fate，andlonelinessresonated（共鳴）deeplyintoday'sdividedworld.Criticsparticularlypraiseditsreflectiononhowindividualchoicesconnectwithsharedsociety.TheWayofNVIDIAbyKimTaeThisnonfictionbookexplainstheriseofNVIDIAasatechgiant.Combiningbusinessstrategywithinnovativeideas，Kimexploresthecompany'scultureofcooperationandrisk﹣taking.Thebookappealsnotonlytotechenthusiastsbutalsotoprofessionalsseekinginspirationforoperatingincompetitivemarkets.Itsadviceonleadershiphasmadeitamust﹣readincareerdevelopmentcircles.TheInvincibleSummerofLilianabyCristinaRiveraGarzaThistruestorydescribesayoungwoman'smurderanditschaineffectsonherfamily.Combiningjournalisticaccuracywithemotionaldepth，theauthorreconstructsthetragedywhileprobingsocialinjustices.Praisedforitshonestyandpoeticwriting，thebookhasbecomeatouchstonefordiscussionsaboutgrief，strength，andsocialresponsibility.AWandererintheSouthbyMaBoyongThishistoricalnovelfollowsTangMeng，aHanDynastyofficermanagingthefood﹣relatedandpoliticalissuesofancientNanyue.Throughvividdescriptionsoffoodculture，MaBoyongexploresculturalexchangeandidentity.Thebook'srichhistoricaldetailandplayfultonehaveearnedcomparisonstoTheStoryofMingLan，fortifyingitsstatusasaneducationalandentertainingread.（1）whichbookcanhelpyouimproveyourcorporatemanagementcapacity？A.OneHundredYearsofSolitude（2024Edition）.B.TheWayofNVIDIA.C.TheInvincibleSummerofLiliana.D.AWandererintheSouth.（2）WhatismainlydiscussedinTheInvincibleSummerofLiliana？A.Afamily'sjourneytosolveamurdermystery.B.Commentsofmoderninvestigativejournalism.C.Psychologicalanalysisofsorrowthroughpoetry.D.Connectionbetweenpersonaltragedyandsocialjustice.（3）WhyisAWandererintheSouthcomparedtoTheStoryofMingLan？A.Bothfeaturestrongfemalecharacters.B.Bothapplyhumortodiscusspoliticalconflicts.C.Bothmixhistoricalaccuracywithengagingstorytelling.D.Bothfocusonthecuisinetraditionsasculturalsymbols.3．（2025?遼寧模擬）Echochambers（信息繭房）havebecomeatopicofconcerninthedigitalage.Theyrefertoenvironmentswhereindividualsareonlyexposedtoopinionssimilartotheirown，anddifferentperspectivesarerarelyconsidered.Manybelievethatechochamberslimitintellectualgrowth，whichcanbedamagingtoourunderstandingofdiverseviewpoints.However，recentstudieshavequestionedtheextenttowhichechochamberstrulyexistindigitaltechnologies.Somearticlesevendoubttheirexistence，suggestingthattheclaimofdigitalmediahabitsmakingourprejudicesstrongerisitselfaprejudicedstatement.Thetruthseemstobemorecomplex.AsurveyofInternetusersfoundthatindividualswithadeeperunderstandingoftheirinterestsandbetterdigitalskillsaremorecapableofseekingoutdiverseopinions.Ontheotherhand，thosewholacktheseskillsmayexperiencecognitive（認知）stress，leadingtoanarrowfocusintheirinformationsearch.Socialmediabehavioranalysisprovidesfurtherinsight.OnestudyofTwitterusersrevealedthatwhilemostuserssharedarangeofopinions，themostactiveonepercentdisplayedhighlypolarized（兩極化的）views，whichwerefollowedmorewidely.Thisindicatesthatechochambersmayhaveasignificantimpactonopinionspread.Peoplewhofrequentlyexpressstrongopinionsreceivemorereinforcement，leadingtoincreasedpolarization.Thiseffectismadestrongerbysocialmediathatpromotecontentsimilartoone'sexistingviews.Theavailableevidencedoessuggestthatechochambersexist，althoughnotalldigitalcommunicationoccurswithinthem，buttheresearchsuggeststhattheyhaveadisproportionateinfluenceonthespreadofopinionsandmaywellbeaproductofthetypeofreinforcementexperiencedanddelivereddigitally.Theywillgenerateareducedrangeofmorepolarizedviewsandtheycannotbeignored﹣evenifthatisanuncomfortablefactformediacompanieskeentopromotethemselvesasdefendersoffreespeech.（1）Inparagraph1，adefinitionisgivento.A.respondtoaconcernB.comparedifferentperspectivesC.addressawarningofaproblemD.introducedifferentviewsonechochambers（2）Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2？A.Prejudicescontributetoechochambers.B.DiverseopinionsconfuseInternetusers.C.Mediahabitstendtobecomeincreasinglycomplex.D.Digitalskillscanhelpavoidnarrowinformationacquisition.（3）What'sacauseofpolarizedview？A.Socialmediapromotion.B.Contrastinexistingviews.C.Inappropriateonlinebehavior.D.Instantdigitalcommunication.（4）What'sthebesttitleofthetext？A.AreWeReadyfortheDigitalAge？B.AreEchoChambersReallyinExistence？C.HowCanMediaCompaniesSupportFreeSpeech？D.HowArePeopleInfluencedbytheSpreadofOpinions？4．（2025?渝中區校級二模）Whenitcomestoproblem﹣solving，virtuallyeveryonecanuseeitherinsightfuloranalyticalmethods，butmanypeopletendtouseoneratherthantheother.MathematicianRogerPenrose，forexample，canobviouslythinkanalyticallybutseemstobenaturallyinsightful."Idomostofmythinkinginvisualtermsratherthanwritingdownequations（方程式），"heoncesaidinaninterview.Inthe2010sBrianErickson，thenadoctoralstudentatDrexelUniversity，andhiscolleaguesdemonstratedthatpeople'stendencytowardinsightfuloranalyticalthinkingisevidentduring"resting﹣state"brainactivity—whileapersonrelaxeswithnotasktoperformorexpectationaboutwhatistocome.Ericksonrecordedpeople'sresting﹣stateEEGs（腦電圖）andthen，weekslater，taskedthesameparticipantswithsolvingaseriesofpuzzles.Theastonishingresult：afewminutesofEEGpredicted，uptosevenweeksinadvance，whetherapersonwouldsolvethepuzzlesmostlyinsightfullyoranalytically.Ourdominantthinkingstyleisstableovertime.Thesubjectswhoreliedmostlyoninsighthadgreaterresting﹣stateactivityatthebackofthebrain，whereastheanalyticalsubjectshadgreateractivityinfrontalareas.Thefrontalareas，whereaperson'sexecutiveprocessesarecentered，organizeactivityintherestofthebrain.Theseexecutiveprocessesenablepeopletothinkinafocusedandstrategicway，buttheycanalsorestrictcreativitybylimitingthoughttostraightforwardplans，justasahorse'sblindersblockoutdistractionsthatwouldleadittowanderfromitspath.Whenactivityinthisregionisrelativelylow，asitwasfortheinsightfulsubjects，posterior（后部）areascan"gorogue，"sometimesresultinginaha!moments.Althoughindividualsmaytendtowardmoreanalyticalorinsightfulthinking，wearen'tlockedintooneortheother.Ourthinkingstylecanshift，atleasttemporarily，totheotherstrategy.Thisflexibilityiskeytomakingthebestpossibleuseofbothcreativityandlogicinourdecision﹣making.Byusingtherightstrategyattherighttime，wecanaddresschallengesmoreeffectively，enhancingourabilitytothinkcriticallyandinnovatively.（1）WhatdoestheexampleofRogerPenroseillustrate？A.Visualimageshelpsolveaproblem.B.Scientistsfavoraninsightfulsolution.C.Note﹣takingnegativelyaffectsthinking.D.Peoplehaveapreferredwayofthinking.（2）WhatdidBrianErickson'sstudyrevealaboutresting﹣statebrainactivity？A.Itpredictsourfuturegrowth.B.Itreflectsourthinkingability.C.Itindicatesourdominantthinkingstyle.D.Itdeterminesourproblem﹣solvingspeed.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression"gorogue"inparagraph3probablymean？A.Getstuck.B.Runwild.C.Growmature.D.Becomeinactive.（4）Whatadvicedoestheauthorgiveinthelastparagraph？A.Followyournaturalthinkingstyle.B.Adjustyourthinkingstyleasneeded.C.Reflectonyourthinkingstyleregularly.D.Limityouranalyticalthinkingtostaycreative.5．（2025?嘉興三模）Needabreakfromreality？Don'tweall!Lifegetstough，butwecanfightbackwiththerightkindofattitude.WecanwinthebattlewithinourselvesbyLive﹣Action﹣Role﹣Playing（LARPing）inLouisiana!We'reheretobriefyouonthebasicsandhelpyouliveoutyourfantasies.LouisianaLARPingBasicsImaginefightingbattlesasahero.Ordressupasacyberpunkprincess（公主）.Inmanyways，youcanbecomewhoyouwant，andthat'stheobviousattractionofLARPing.MostgroupsforLARPinginLouisianahaveregistrationpagesontheirwebsites，andsomehaveprivategroupsonFacebook.LouisianaLARPingGroupsLarpWorksisalargecommunitywith3differentgamesforyoutoplay.Dependingonyourinterests，youcanchoosetobeapartofmedieval（中世紀）times，ahistoricalfantasy，orasci﹣fithriller.It'sakindofactivestorytellingtoplayoutthenarrativesasyourowncharacterwithyourownstoryline.EchoesofAthusisafantasygroupthatgathersinvariouscampgroundsaroundLouisiana.Theyhaveawebsitefulloffunresourcesformemberstoexplore.Alotofworkhasbeenputintotheirhistoryandtales.Youcanreallygetwrappedupincreatingyourownbackgroundstory.FinalWordsLARPinginLouisianacouldbetheescapeyou'relookingfor!Attheveryleast，it'sanopportunitytomeetnewpeopleandlearnaboutanewsubculture.Thepossibilitiesareendless﹣youcouldruleyourownkingdomoneday!（1）WhatisthemainattractionofLouisianaLARPing？A.Itdevelopsyourimagination.B.Itmakesyoumorecompetitive.C.Itprovidesyouwithafictionalidentity.D.Ithelpschangeyourattitudetowardslife.（2）WhatcanyoudoinLarpWorksandEchoesofAthus？A.Actoutstories.B.Playonlinegames.C.Learnaboutscience.D.Createfunresources.（3）WhatcanLouisianaLARPingbringtoyou？A.Ahighpositioninsociety.B.Agetawayfromreality.C.Asenseofculturalprotection.D.Anopportunityforpromotion.6．（2025?湖北模擬）Sincethedawnofhumanhistory，innovationhasbeenabalancingactofwonderandfear.Fromthediscoveryoffiretothefirstflightsofairplanes，eachtechnologicalbreakthroughhaspromisedtoenhancehumanabilitieswhilesimultaneously（同時）causingrisks.Firecouldwarmusordestroyus；airplanescouldconnectusorbeturnedintotoolsofwar.Yetthroughalltheseadvancements，oneconstanthasremained：humancognition（認知），theuniquesparkofthoughtandcreativitythathasshapedourprogress.Buttoday，somethingisdifferent.Forthefirsttimeinhistory，humancognitionitselfisatriskofbeingout﹣of﹣date.Withtheriseofartificialintelligence（AI），wearenolongerjustbuildingtoolstoenhanceourabilities；wearebuildingsystemsthatmaybesuperiortoourverycapacitytothink，create，andinnovate.Thisshiftdoesn'tjustcompletelychangeindustries，butitalsochallengesthecoreofwhatmakesushuman.Inpastinnovations，technologiesfunctionedasextensionsofhumanabilities.Theairplanesenlargedourphysicalreach，theInternetexpandedouraccesstoinformation，andcomputersincreasedourabilitytocompute.Thesetoolswereclearlyunderhumancontrol，operatingwithintheboundariesweset.However，AIisfundamentallydifferent.Itoperatesintherangeofcognition，notmerelyconductingtasks，butalsolearning，reasoning，andevengeneratingcreativecontent.Fromwritingnewsarticlestodiagnosingdiseases，AIsystemsareperformingtasksoncethoughttorequireuniquelyhumanjudgment.Whathappenswhenmachinescanthinkbetterthanwecan？And，moreimportantly，whatdoesitmeantobehumaninanagewhenourintellectualstrengthisnolongerguaranteed？Historically，we'veacceptedobsolescence（過時）aspartofthecycleofinnovationand，inmostsituations，embracedit.Outdatedtoolsshouldbeabandoned，andnewonestaketheirplace.Butwhenthe"tool"atriskofobsolescenceishumancognitionitself，weenterunknownarea.AI'scapacitytopotentiallyoutdoourintellectualtalentsputshumanityinaweakposition，onewherewemustconfrontourownlimitations.（1）Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph？A.Onegoodturndeservesanother.B.Takethingsastheycome.C.Don'tputthecartbeforethehorse.D.Everycoinhastwosides.（2）Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"Buttoday，somethingisdifferent"inparagraph2？A.Humancognitionstartstobeoutdated.B.Wonderandfearhavelostbalance.C.Humancognitionhasreachedaceiling.D.Creativityhasshapedourprogress.（3）Howisthemainideapresentedinthetext？A.Bytellingstories.B.Byanalyzingcauses.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byapplyinginferences.（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheriseofartificialintelligence？A.Concerned.B.Skeptical.C.Positive.D.Unclear.7．（2025?湖北模擬）Nostalgia，ortheexperienceoflovinglyrecallingandlongingforourpast，isseeminglyenteringourculturerightnow.Butwhyisitsoeasyforustofallintothenostalgiatrap？Onitssurface，itseemssimple：arousingfondfuzzyfeelingsfromourpastjustmakesusfeelgood.Butthere'salotmoregoingon.Whileexperiencingnostalgia，peoplefeelasenseofwarmth，fondness，andbelonging，andevenexperienceasortofmentaltimetravel，allofwhichcandrivepeopletoseekoutnostalgia.Moviesandmusiceasilysetoffnostalgiaandthatnostalgicexperiencescanbeparticularlycomfortingintryingtimes，betheypersonalorglobal.Familiarthingsfromourpastbringusemotionalcomfort，buttheyalsoencouragethebeliefthatthingswillgetbetterbecausethey'vebeengoodbefore.Nostalgiaistypicallyconsideredacontradictoryemotionalexperience.Evenwithhappymemories，nostalgiacanbebothsweetandsour.Whileyoufeelcomfortandwarmthaboutthememoryitself，youmayalsofeelsadnessbecausethatexperienceisgone.Thememoriesinnostalgiaarenotalwaysgood.Buteventhebadmemoriesthatcometomindseemtobemorepositivebecauseweseethemthrougharose﹣colorfilter（濾鏡）.Wearen'tjustlongingforourpast；wearerememberingaromanticizedversionofourpast.There'sareasonwhyourmemoriesbecomefonderovertime，andthenegativebitstendtofadeawayfaster.Takeparenthood，forexample.Rememberingthingsasbetterthantheywereservesanevolutionarypurpose.Ifpeopleweretorememberthingsfaithfullytotheoriginal，mostwomenwouldneverwanttohavemorethanonechild.It'safunctionofspeciessurvivalthatwecanglossoverthebadpartsofthepast.Asatemporaryescape，nostalgiaprovidesamuch﹣neededrespite（喘息）thatcanhelpyoulivethroughdifficulttimes.However，itcanbecomenegativeifyougetstuckinthepast.（1）Whenwillnostalgicexperiencesmakepeoplefeelespeciallycomforting？A.Duringdifficultperiods.B.Inromanticadolescence.C.Whilewatchingmovies.D.Afterlisteningtomusic.（2）WhatmakesapersonexperiencingNostalgiafeelsouraccordingtothetext？A.Thepoorlivingconditionsoftheperson.B.Thepassingofthegreatmemories.C.Thefamiliarthingsoftheperson'spast.D.Theperson'snotbeingunderstood.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"glossover"inthelastbutoneparagraphmean？A.Answerfor.B.Handdown.C.Coverup.D.Stickto.（4）Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext？A.HowDoWeEscapeNostalgia？B.WhatDoWeLearnfromNostalgia？C.WhenDoWeStartNostalgia？D.WhyDoWeExperienceNostalgia？8．（2025?梅河口市校級二模）Obesityanddiabetes（糖尿病）haveaffectedmoreyoungpeople，withmanytakingtosocialmediaplatformstosharetheirsymptomsofbeingdiagnosedwithdiabetesatayoungage.GuoXiaohui，aseniordoctorattheendocrinology（內分泌學）departmentofPekingUniversityFirstHospital，toldthat20yearsago，noneofherdiabeticpatientswereunder30，butnowadays，around20percentofthemareunder30.YaoQiyuan，aseniordoctoratHuashanHospitalofFudanUniversity'sdepartmentofobesityandhernia（瘧氣），saidtherearediabetespatientswhoareinmiddleschoolorevenprimaryschoolinrecentyears，someofwhomareobeseandhavehighbloodpressure.Itiscommonknowledgeinmedicinethatobesityisoneofthemajorcausesofdiabetesandcardiovascular（心血管）diseases.Accordingtoa2020reportonChinesepeople'snutritionlevelandchronicdiseasesreleasedbytheNationalHealthCommission，around10percentofchildrenundertheageof6areobese，whichincreasedtoalmost20percentforchildrenagedbetween6and17.XieZhuangli，adoctoratTongjiHospitalofTongjiUniversity'sdepartmentofendocrinologyandmetabolism（代謝），saidthatwhenyoungpeoplesufferfromchronicdiseasessuchasdiabetes，cardiovasculardisease，andhighbloodpressure，theirchancesofsufferingcomplications（并發癥）aresignificantlyhigherthanthoseofolderpeople.Forexample，fordiabetes，ittakes，onaverage，fiveto10yearsforpatientstodevelopcomplicationsaftertheyarediagnosed，soyoungpeoplearemorelikelytohavecomplications.Expertssaidthereasonfortheincreasingnumberofyoungpeoplewhohavediabetesisthattheyeatfoodwithlotsofoilandsugarandhaveanunhealthydailyschedule.Somebeveragebrandshavebecomesopopularamongyoungpeoplethatmanyofthemseldomdrinkwater，theysaid.Moreimportantly，theylackknowledgeaboutchronicdiseasesandoftenthinkthatonlyolderpeoplesufferfromsuchdiseases，Xiesaid.Manyyoungdiabeticpatientsgotothehospitalfortreatmentaftertheydevelopseriouscomplicationsanditisoftentoolateforeffectiveintervention，shesaid.Yaosuggestedthatmoreeffortsshouldbemadetoincreasehealtheducationamongteenagers，monitorchildren'sdiets，andensurethattheyhaveenoughtimeforsportseveryday.（1）Accordingtothepassage，people'ssufferingfromdiabetesandcardiovasculardiseasesmainlyresultsfrom.A.nutritionlevelB.obesityC.geneticfactorsD.airpollution（2）Whatisthemainreasonyoungpeoplearedevelopingdiabetesatanincreasingrate，accordingtotheexperts？A.Theyaremoregeneticallyeasytosufferdiabetes.B.Theyconsumefoodhighinoilandsugarandhaveunhealthydailyschedules.C.Theyaremorephysicallyactivethanoldergenerations.D.Theyhavebetteraccesstohealthcare.（3）Whatdoexpertssuggestasawaytofightagainsttherisingtrendofdiabetesamongyoungpeople？A.Increasingtheavailabilityofsugarybeverages.B.Reducinghealtheducationinschools.C.Encouragingmorescreentime.D.Monitoringchildren'sdietsandensuringtheyhaveenoughtimeforsports.（4）Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage？A.TheRiseofObesityandDiabetesAmongtheElderly.B.TheImpactofSocialMediaonYoungPeople'sHealth.C.Expertscallforahealthylifestyletoyoungpeople.D.TheRoleofSchoolsinPreventingChronicDiseases.9．（2025?陜西模擬）ArecentstudyfromtheResearchInstituteatMcGillUniversityHealthCentermayimprovethetreatmentofsleepdisordersandneurological（神經系統的）conditions.Scientistshavemadeasignificantadvancementincomprehendingsleepmechanisms，identifyingthemelatonin（褪黑素）receptorMT1asakeyregulatorofREM（RapidEyeMovement）sleep.Thisdiscoveryholdspromisefornewtreatmentsforsleepdisordersandrelatedneuropsychiatricconditions.REMsleepiscrucialfordreaming，memoryconsolidation，andemotionalregulation.Inthebrain，themelatoninMT1receptoraffectsatypeofneuron（神經元）thatsynthesizes（合成）theneurotransmitterandhormone（荷爾蒙）noradrenaline（降腎上腺素），foundinanareaknownastheLocusCoeruleus，or"bluespot"inLatin.DuringREMsleep，theseneuronsquietdownandstoptheiractivity.SeriousconditionssuchasParkinson'sdiseaseandLewybodydementia（癡呆）一whichcurrentlylackeffectivetreatments﹣arelinkedtodisruptionsinREMsleep."Thisdiscoverynotonlyadvancesourunderstandingofsleepmechanismsbutalsoholdssignificantclinicalpotential，"saidGabriellaGobbi，principalinvestigatorofanewstudypublishedintheJournalofNeuroscience.Untilnow，thespecificreceptor（受體）touchingoffREMsleephadescapedscientists.ThenewstudyhasidentifiedthemelatoninMTlreceptorasanimportantregulatorofthissleepstage.UsinganoveldrugtargetingMTlreceptors，researcherssuccessfullyenhancedREMsleepdurationinexperimentalanimals，whilesimultaneouslyreducingneuronalactivity."Currently，therearenodrugsspecificallytargetingREMsleep.Mosthypnotic（安眠）drugsonthemarket，whileextendingtotalsleepduration，tendtoadverselyaffectREMsleep，"saidDr.StefanoComai，co﹣seniorauthorofthestudyandProfessorattheUniversityofPaduaandAdjunctProfessoratMcGillUniversity.Furtherresearchintotheneurobiologyandpharmacology（藥理學）ofREMsleepiscrucialfordevelopingtargetedtreatmentsthatcouldimprovethequalityoflifeforpatientsaffectedbythesediseases，accordingtotheresearchers.Asscientistscontinuetoexplorethecomplexitiesofsleepregulation，thehopeforeffectiveinterventionsinneurologicaldisordersgrowsincreasinglypromising.（1）WhatpotentialimpactdoesthediscoveryoftheMIlreceptorhaveonpatientswithneurologicalconditions？A.Itonlyimprovesphysicalrecoveryprocessesduringthesleeptreatment.B.Itmayresultinthedevelopmentofasleep﹣monitoringdeviceandproduction.C.ItislikelytohelpcomprehendRapidEyeMovementsleepandneurologicalconditions.D.Itcouldleadtonewtreatmentsforsleepdisordersandneuropsychiatricconditions.（2）WhyisREMsleepconsideredveryimportantforhumans？A.Ithelpsregulatebodytemperatureandimprovesthequalityoflifeforhumans.B.Itrepairscognitivefunctionandreducesmanyneuropsychiatricdiseases.C.ItaffectsakindofneuronwhichwouldsynthesizetheLocusCoeruleus.D.Itisvitalfordreaming，memoryconsolidation，andemotionalregulation.（3）DuringREMsleep，whathappenstotheneuronsintheLocusCoeruleusthatproducenoradrenaline？A.Theystopworkingandbecomeverycalm.B.Theybecomehighlyactiveandreleasemelatonin.C.Theyincreaseneurotransmittersformemoryconsolidation.D.Theystimulateemotionalresponsesthroughmelatonin.（4）WhatisthecurrentstatusofdrugtreatmentstargetingREMsleep？A.REMsleepdrugshavebeenbanned.B.NodrugsspecificallytargetREMsleep.D.Therearemanyeffectivedrugsavailable.D.AllhypnoticdrugsenhanceREMsleep.10．（2025?陜西模擬）Marine（海洋的）laboratoriesweredesignedtobeagainstextremeweather.Buttheymightbedefeatedbyclimatechange.Thewateriscoming.EducationcentersandmarinelaboratoriesinAmericaarepreparingforrisingseasandthechangingclimate.Theimpactofclimatechangeisslowerbutfiercerthananystorm，andwillfinallydomoredamage.Itthreatensresearchers'abilitytostudymarineenvironmentsupcloseatatimewhenit'smorevitalthanevertounderstandthem.FoxIslandEnvironmentalEducationCenter，aVirginiainstitutionthathasopenedupthewondersofthenat