PAGEPAGE270邢臺(tái)市2018~2019學(xué)年高一(上)期末測(cè)試英語(yǔ)考生注意:1.本試卷共150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.請(qǐng)將各題答案填寫在答題卡上。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodofirst?A.Fixtheshelf. B.Paintthecar. C.Lookforhiskey.【答案】A【解析】【詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略。2.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Writingastory. B.Tellingajoke. C.Watchingamovie.【答案】C【解析】【詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略。3.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutTom?A.Hegetsnervousveryeasily.B.Heisnotusedtomakingaspeech.C.Heisextremelygoodatmakingaspeech.【答案】B【解析】【詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略。4.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whywasthewomansolate?A.Shedidn’tcatchthebus.B.Shetooksomebodytohospital.C.Somethingwentwrongwiththebus.【答案】C【解析】【詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略。5.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hepreferredtogotothebasketballgame.B.Hedidn’tliketogotothebasketballgame.C.HeenjoyedwatchingthefootballgameonTV.【答案】B【解析】【詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略。第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.WhathappenedtoLucytodayatschool?A.Mariahadaquarrelwithher.B.Mariaaskedherforhelpintheexam.C.Mariawantedtocopyherhomework.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Motherandson. C.Fatheranddaughter.【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【6題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略?！?題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatisthewoman?A.Aninterviewer. B.Ashopkeeper. C.Awaitress.9.What’sthewoman’sattitudetothemanintheend?A.Satisfied. B.Admired. C.Unsatisfied.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【8題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略?！?題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.HowdidMrLamhelptheman?A.Byhelpinghimwithhisstudy.B.Byofferinghimaparttimejob.C.Bylendinghimsomepocketmoney.11.Whendoesthemanworkpart-time?A.OnFriday. B.Ontheweekdays. C.Attheweekends.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheclub?A.Itisexpensive. B.Itisfantastic. C.Itisuseless.【答案】10.B11.C12.B【解析】【10題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略?！?1題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略。【12題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whatwasthewomanabouttodobeforeansweringthephone?A.Getup. B.Gotobed. C.Meettheman.14.WhatkindoftransportationwillthemantaketoDisneyWorld?A.Ataxi. B.Abus. C.Acar.15.Wherewillthemanmeetthewoman?A.AtDisneyWorld.B.AtOrlandoAirport.C.AttheKennedySpaceCenter.16.WhydoesthemanwanttogotoPanhandle?A.Torelaxonthebeach.B.Tomeetsomenewfriends.C.Togoshopping.【答案】13.A14.A15.C16.A【解析】【13題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略?！?4題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略?！?5題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略?！?6題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略。聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Howoldshouldthevolunteersbe?A.From12to16. B.From12to60. C.Over60.18.Whatcanvolunteersdoforthehospitals?A.Showpeopletheway. B.Helpthedoctors. C.Takecareofchildren.19.Whatisthemostsuitablevolunteerjobforagardener?A.Sellingflowersandtrees.B.Teachingpeoplehowtolookafterplants.C.Lookingafterhomelessdogsandcatsinthegarden.20.Howcanpeoplegetintouchwiththeorganization?A.Bymakingacall.B.Bysendingane-mail.C.Byvisitingitswebsite.【答案】17.B18.A19.B20.A【解析】【17題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略。【18題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略。【19題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略。【20題詳解】此題為聽(tīng)力題，解析略。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AStoriesofAnimalsActingJustLikeHumans◆MonkeysdomathIfmonkeysmanagetheworld,wemighthavestayedawayfromtherecentbankinghardship.InanexperimentledbyKeithChenatYale,monkeysshowedanunderstandingofpricingandplanningthemoney,aswellasawishtostayawayfromlosseswhenrequiredtobuyfoodwithmoney.Makessensethisonelookslikeit’scheckingitsstocks(股票)onasmartphone.Thinkthat’simpressive?◆CameleatsbreakfastwithpeopleThefirsttimeJoeatewithBritishfarmers,hewasuninvited.Thefour-year-oldBactriancamelstuckhisheadthroughtheiropenkitchenwindow,andemptiedafruitbowl.Nowthecouple,whorentoutreindeer,camels,goats,andothercreaturesfortelevisionshows,movies,andphotoshoots,setaplaceattheirtablefortheconfidentdouble-humpedcreature,whereJoeeatsgrainfoodandhisfavorite:bananasontoast.◆Marmots(土撥鼠)befriendaboyAgroupofmarmotsintheAustrianAlpshasmadefriendswitheight-year-oldMatteoWalchbychance,whosefamilyvacationsthereinsummer.Typically,theybeattheirtails,chatter,andwhistletowarnothermarmotsofdanger,butwithMatteo,theybehavemuchdifferently,allowingtheboytofeed,pet,andeventouchnoseswiththem.“Watchingthemmakesmefeelaconnectionwithnature,”saysMatteo.Howsweet!21.Inwhatwaydomonkeysbehavelikehumansaccordingtothetext?A.Incharacter. B.Inintelligence.C.Incommunication. D.Inthewayoflifestyle.22.WhydotheBritishcoupleraisetheanimals?A.Tomakemoney.B.Tohavedinnerswiththem.C.Toprotectendangeredanimals.D.Totrainthemtoactashumans.23.WhydidMatteoWalchgototheAustrianAlps?A.Towarnmarmotsofdanger.B.Todevelopinterestinnature.C.Tomakefriendswithmarmots.D.Togoonaholidaywithhisfamily.【答案】21.B22.A23.D【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文。文章講述了幾個(gè)動(dòng)物和人類行為相似的故事?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Monkeysdomath部分的monkeysshowedanunderstandingofpricingandplanningthemoney,aswellasawishtostayawayfromlosseswhenrequiredtobuyfoodwithmoney（猴子們表現(xiàn)出了對(duì)定價(jià)和理財(cái)?shù)睦斫?，以及在需要用錢購(gòu)買食物時(shí)避免損失的愿望）可推知，猴子在智力上表現(xiàn)得像人類。故B選項(xiàng)正確。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Cameleatsbreakfastwithpeople部分的Nowthecouple,whorentoutreindeer,camels,goats,andothercreaturesfortelevisionshows,movies,andphotoshoots（現(xiàn)在，這對(duì)夫婦把馴鹿、駱駝、山羊和其它動(dòng)物出租出去用于電視節(jié)目、電影和攝影）可知，這對(duì)英國(guó)夫婦養(yǎng)這些動(dòng)物是為了賺錢。故A選項(xiàng)正確。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Marmots(土撥鼠)befriendaboy部分的AgroupofmarmotsintheAustrianAlpshasmadefriendswitheight-year-oldMatteoWalchbychance,whosefamilyvacationsthereinsummer.（奧地利阿爾卑斯山上的一群土撥鼠偶然結(jié)識(shí)了8歲的馬泰奧·瓦爾奇，瓦爾奇一家夏天都在那里度假）可推知，馬泰奧?瓦爾奇去奧地利阿爾卑斯山是和家人一起去度假的。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)理解題主要考查考生對(duì)文章中某一些特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的重要事實(shí)的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解題和語(yǔ)義理解題兩種。直接理解題的答案與原文直接掛鉤，從閱讀材料中可以找到。此外，在閱讀中可以使用定位法與跳讀法解決細(xì)節(jié)理解題。定位法即根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)所提供的信息直接從原文中找到相應(yīng)的句子(即定位)，然后進(jìn)行比較和分析(尤其要注意一些同義轉(zhuǎn)換)，從而找出正確答案。跳讀法即根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)所提供的信息跳讀原文，并找到相關(guān)的句子(有時(shí)可能是幾個(gè)句子)或段落，然后進(jìn)行分析和推理等，從而找出正確答案。以本文第3小題為例，本題運(yùn)用定位法：我們根據(jù)題干WhydidMatteoWalchgototheAustrianAlps?其關(guān)鍵詞是MatteoWalch，從而直接定位到Marmots(土撥鼠)befriendaboy部分的AgroupofmarmotsintheAustrianAlpshasmadefriendswitheight-year-oldMatteoWalchbychance,whosefamilyvacationsthereinsummer.（奧地利阿爾卑斯山上的一群土撥鼠偶然結(jié)識(shí)了8歲的馬泰奧?瓦爾奇，瓦爾奇一家夏天都在那里度假）可推知，馬泰奧?瓦爾奇去奧地利阿爾卑斯山是和家人一起去度假的。故D選項(xiàng)正確。BToday,after10daysofmedicaltreatment,forthefirsttime,IwentoutalonetomeetamotherlyladywhoIhadmetduringmystayinaprogram.Shehadbeenunwellrecentlyandlivedalone.Hersonsliveinforeigncountries.AfterIcalledherandtoldaboutmyplantovisither,shestartedbecomingexcitedandplanningfoodatonce.Nowadays,shehasaladycookcomingbytohelpherbutshedoespartoftheworkherselfwithherbandaged(繃帶)leg.Ireachedherhomealoneafterbeingguidedacoupleoftimesbyherbefore.Icarriedlittlethings(snacks,booksetc.)forher.ShehadbeenwaitingforsometimewhenIarrived.Wetalkedaboutdifferentthingsfromhealthtoherlifeandmine,frompasttofuture,fromfoodtotraveletc.Duringthediscussion,hercareformebecameclearwhenshemadewarmsuggestionsorsupportedme.Duringthelastfewmonths,shehadstruggledwithhealthandhousework.Shehadgotoverthosedifficultiesandhereshewastellingmehowallofusmustfacesomeproblems.Shehadseenafewpeoplefacingworseproblemsinthehospitalandmentionedabouttheircasesandwasgratefulforherpresentconditionwhichwasmanageable.Shewantedtogiftmesomething—shekeptthinkingofadress,watch,footwearetc.whateverwasnewandgreatinherhome.Ikeptrefusingbutfinallytookthefootwearoutofpoliteness.ShelovedthesnacksIhadbroughtandwantedtoeatthemwithhertea,Iwasquitehappytoseethechildlikeinterest.WhileIwasspendingtimewithmymotherlyfriend,thefollowingthoughtkeptcomingbacktome—probablythisiswhyIhavelivedthroughthe10daysinthiscity.ThetimeIspentwithherseemedsomuchneeded.Ifeltthedeeppeaceitcouldbringtomeandthatbroughtsuchabigjoy!24.Howdidtheelderlyladyfeelwhensheheardtheauthor’svisit?A.Shocked. B.Pleased. C.Nervous. D.Embarrassed.25.Whatcanwelearnabouttheladyfromhertalkswiththeauthor?A.Shewasconsiderateandveryhealthy.B.Shewishedtheauthorlolivewithher.C.Sheshowedmuchconcerntoherbandagedleg.D.Shewasgratefulcomparedwiththoselessfortunate.26.Whydidtheauthoracceptthelady’sgift?A.Itisimpolitetoturndownthewarm-heartedoffer.B.Shehappenedtoneedsuchshoestowear.C.Itwouldbeawastetokeepshoesunused.D.Shewantedtoexchangegiftswithher.27.Howdidthetimespentwiththeladybenefittheauthor?A.Itenabledtheauthortoliveinthecitysolong.B.Itgavetheauthoralotofadviceonabetterlife.C.Ithelpedtheauthortokeepapeacefulmind.D.Ithelpedtheauthorstayawayfromlonelinessinlife.【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.C【解析】本文為記敘文。在接受了10天的治療后，作者第一次獨(dú)自出去會(huì)見(jiàn)了一位慈母般的女士，她是作者在一個(gè)項(xiàng)目中遇到的。作者和她在一起的時(shí)間似乎很有必要。作者感受到了它能帶給自己的深深的寧?kù)o和巨大的快樂(lè)!【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的AfterIcalledherandtoldaboutmyplantovisither,shestartedbecomingexcitedandplanningfoodatonce.（我打電話給她，告訴她我要去看她的計(jì)劃后，她開(kāi)始變得興奮起來(lái)，馬上開(kāi)始準(zhǔn)備吃的）可知，那位老太太聽(tīng)到作者要來(lái)探望它后感到很高興。故B選項(xiàng)正確。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Shehadseenafewpeoplefacingworseproblemsinthehospitalandmentionedabouttheircasesandwasgratefulforherpresentconditionwhichwasmanageable.（她看到一些人在醫(yī)院里面臨著更嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，并提到了他們的情況，她很感激自己目前的狀況是可控的）可知，與那些不幸的人相比，她心懷感激。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的Ikeptrefusingbutfinallytookthefootwearoutofpoliteness.（我一直拒絕，但最后還是出于禮貌把鞋子拿走了）可知，作者最終接受了老太太的禮物，是因?yàn)榫芙^熱心的禮物是不禮貌的。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的ThetimeIspentwithherseemedsomuchneeded.Ifeltthedeeppeaceitcouldbringtomeandthatbroughtsuchabigjoy!（我和她在一起的時(shí)間似乎是那么的需要。我感到它能給我?guī)?lái)深深的平靜，這給我?guī)?lái)了如此大的快樂(lè)!）可知，和那位女士在一起的時(shí)間使作者能保持了一種平和、快樂(lè)的心態(tài)。故C選項(xiàng)正確。CAstudyhasfoundthatalifetimeofregularexerciseandactivitycanslowdowntheagingprocess(衰老過(guò)程).Researcherssaythatgettingoldershouldnotnecessarilymeanbecomingmoreweakorsick.Theirresearchshowsthatadevotiontoalifeofmovementandexercisemayhelpuslivenotonlylonger,butalsohealthier.Fortheirstudy,theresearcherslookedattwogroups.Thefirstgroupwasmadeupof125non-professionalcyclistsbetweentheagesof55to79.Thisgroupincluded84healthymenand41healthywomen.Wewillcallthisgroupthe“cyclists”.Researchersthenfound130peopletomakeupasecondgroup.Withinthisgroup,75peoplewereagedfrom57to80.Theother55werebetweentheagesof20and36.Thepeopleinthisgroupwerealsohealthy,buttheydidnotexerciseregularly.Wewillcallthisgroupthe“non-exercisers”.Smokers,heavydrinkersofalcoholandpeoplewithotherhealthissueswerenotincludedinthestudy.Then,researchersgavebothgroupsaseriesoftests.Theytestedtheirmusclemass(肌肉質(zhì)量),muscularstrength,percentageofbodyfatandthestrengthoftheirimmune(免疫的)systems.Thentheresearcherscomparedtheresultsofthetwogroups.Resultsshowedthatthecyclistsdidnotexperiencebodychangesusuallyregardedasanormalagingprocess.Forexample,theydidnotlosemusclemassormuscularstrength.Also,theirbodyfatdidnotincreasewithage.Theresearchersalsofoundsomethingtheyhadnotexpected.Thestudyshowedthattheimmunesystemsofthecyclistsdidnotageeither.Theresearchersadviseusalltofindanexercisethatwelikeinourlives.28.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.Bycomparing. B.Bydiscussing.C.Byimagining. D.Byreasoning.29.Whichofthefollowingisaresultoftheresearch?A.Thecyclistskeptathinbodyshape.B.Thenon-exercisersgainedweighteasily.C.Thecyclists’musclesremainedstrongwithage.D.Thenon-exercisersusuallyhadhealthproblems.30.Whichisanunexpectedresultfortheresearchers?A.Thecyclistshadnormalagingprocess.B.Thecyclists’immunesystemsdidn’tage.C.Thecyclistslostnearlyalltheirfat.D.Everyoneneededanexerciseintheirlives.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HealthyPeopleNeedMoreExerciseB.TakeanExercise,theHarder,theBetterC.CyclingIstheBestWaytoPreventAgingD.ALifetimeofExerciseSlowsAgingProcess【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.D【解析】本文為說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)終身規(guī)律鍛煉或運(yùn)動(dòng)可減緩衰老進(jìn)程?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二、三、四段對(duì)研究過(guò)程的描述及第四段中的Thentheresearcherscomparedtheresultsofthetwogroups.（然后研究人員比較了兩組的結(jié)果）可知，研究人員通過(guò)比較來(lái)進(jìn)行研究。故A選項(xiàng)正確。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的Resultsshowedthatthecyclistsdidnotexperiencebodychangesusuallyregardedasanormalagingprocess.Forexample,theydidnotlosemusclemassormuscularstrength.（結(jié)果顯示，騎自行車的人并沒(méi)有經(jīng)歷通常被認(rèn)為是正常老化過(guò)程中的身體變化。例如，他們沒(méi)有失去肌肉質(zhì)量或肌肉力量）可知，隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，騎自行車的人的肌肉依然保持強(qiáng)健。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Thestudyshowedthattheimmunesystemsofthecyclistsdidnotageeither.（研究表明，騎自行車的人的免疫系統(tǒng)也沒(méi)有老化）可知，騎自行車的人的免疫系統(tǒng)沒(méi)有老化。故B選項(xiàng)正確。【31題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的Astudyhasfoundthatalifetimeofregularexerciseandactivitycanslowdowntheagingprocess(衰老過(guò)程).（一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，終生有規(guī)律的運(yùn)動(dòng)和活動(dòng)可以減緩衰老過(guò)程）及下文對(duì)這項(xiàng)研究的描述可知，D項(xiàng)“一生的鍛煉可以減緩衰老的過(guò)程”適合做本文最佳標(biāo)題。故D選項(xiàng)正確。DAstudyshowedthatfatwassociallycatchingamongfriends.Peoplewereactuallymakingoneanothergainand,sometimes,loseweight.Thefindinghasbeenprovedinotherpopulations.Sohowdoesfriends’bodyweightaffecteachother?Onewayisimitation(模仿).Brainscansshowthatwhenyouwatchsomeoneelseeatorrun,yourbrainactivityisthesameasifyouwereeatingorrunningyourself,causingyoutodothesamethings.Peopleinexperimentsseatednexttoheavyeaterswouldeatmorethanthoseseatednexttolighteaters.Socialexamplesalsoplayarole:Ifyourfriendgainsweight,youmightbecomelesswillingtogotothegymbecauseyourfriend’sexampleshowedyouthatweightgainisn’ttheendoftheworld.She’sheavierbutstillthesamepersonyouknowandlove.Andnowthat66percentoftheAmericanpopulationisoverweight,that’saprettywell-fixedsocialexample.Happily,thiseffectcouldbeturnedupsidedownifpeopleworkedtocreateanoppositesocialexample—weightlosscanaffecteachotherjustaseasilyasweightgainifyouformthefat-fightinghabits,startingarunningclubincludingfriendsoffriendssothatyou’remakingclosefriendswithmoreexercisers.Youcanalsomakehealthierfoodchoicesandeatwithgreaterself-control.Ifyougiveupthefriesandeatmorevegetables,yourfriendsaremorelikelytomakethesamechoices.Ifyou’rethinkingthosesoundlikealotofwork,maybeitwouldjustbeeasiertoditchfriendswhogainweighttostopthemfromaffectingyou.Peoplewhokeptawayfromafatfrienddidn’tloseweight,possiblybecausethecostoflosingafriendstoppedweight-lossefforts.32.Whatwillpeopleintheexperimentsdoiftheyeatwithheavyeaters?A.Hatethem. B.Leavethem.C.Followthem. D.Loseweight.33.Howmightpeoplerespondtotheirfatfriendsaccordingtothetext?A.Gotothegymwiththemoften.B.Thinknothingofbecomingfat.C.Warnthemthedanger.D.Likethembetter.34.Whatcanyoudotomakegooduseofthediscovery?A.Setagoodexampleforyourfriends.B.Makeupyourmindtomakemorefriends.C.Setuphealthclubasabusiness.D.Drinkmorewater.35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ditch”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Dependon. B.Relievein.C.Watchover. D.Giveup.【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.D【解析】【分析】本文為說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)研究表明，肥胖會(huì)在朋友間傳染。人們實(shí)際上是在互相增重，有時(shí)還在減肥。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)已在其他人群中得到證實(shí)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Peopleinexperimentsseatednexttoheavyeaterswouldeatmorethanthoseseatednexttolighteaters.（在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，坐在重食者旁邊的人會(huì)比坐在輕食者旁邊的人吃得更多）可推知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，如果人們和食量大的人一起吃飯，他們也會(huì)跟著吃。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Ifyourfriendgainsweight,youmightbecomelesswillingtogotothegymbecauseyourfriend’sexampleshowedyouthatweightgainisn’ttheendoftheworld.She’sheavierbutstillthesamepersonyouknowandlove.（如果你的朋友體重增加了，你可能就不太愿意去健身房了，因?yàn)槟闩笥训陌駱痈嬖V你，體重增加并不是世界末日。她更胖了，但仍然是你認(rèn)識(shí)和愛(ài)的那個(gè)人）可知，對(duì)于長(zhǎng)胖了的朋友，人們認(rèn)為變胖沒(méi)有什么大不了的。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Ifyougiveupthefriesandeatmorevegetables,yourfriendsaremorelikelytomakethesamechoices.（如果你放棄薯?xiàng)l而多吃蔬菜，你的朋友更有可能做出同樣的選擇）可知，根據(jù)這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，你可以為你的朋友樹(shù)立一個(gè)好榜樣。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Peoplewhokeptawayfromafatfrienddidn’tloseweight,possiblybecausethecostoflosingafriendstoppedweight-lossefforts.（遠(yuǎn)離肥胖朋友的人并沒(méi)有減肥，可能是因?yàn)槭ヅ笥训拇鷥r(jià)讓減肥的努力停止了）可知，劃線詞所在句句意為“如果你認(rèn)為這些聽(tīng)起來(lái)需要做很多工作，那么也許甩掉那些體重增加的朋友會(huì)更容易些，這樣他們就不會(huì)影響你了。”由此可知，劃線詞ditch意為“甩掉，丟棄”。A.Dependon依靠；B.Relievein緩解；C.Watchover監(jiān)視；D.Giveup放棄。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】依據(jù)邏輯推理猜測(cè)詞義：運(yùn)用邏輯推理猜測(cè)詞義是使用最廣考查最多也最易失分的猜詞方式。要求考生具備整合分散、復(fù)雜信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相關(guān)的詞匯并結(jié)合具體的語(yǔ)境，從形式和內(nèi)容上把握語(yǔ)言之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，理順語(yǔ)言之間的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)而達(dá)到猜詞的目的。在第4小題中，考生可以根據(jù)該劃線詞所在的上下文語(yǔ)境來(lái)推測(cè)其指代對(duì)象。根據(jù)下一句Peoplewhokeptawayfromafatfrienddidn’tloseweight,possiblybecausethecostoflosingafriendstoppedweight-lossefforts.（遠(yuǎn)離肥胖朋友的人并沒(méi)有減肥，可能是因?yàn)槭ヅ笥训拇鷥r(jià)讓減肥的努力停止了）可知，劃線詞所在句句意為“如果你認(rèn)為這些聽(tīng)起來(lái)需要做很多工作，那么也許甩掉那些體重增加的朋友會(huì)更容易些，這樣他們就不會(huì)影響你了?！庇纱丝芍?，劃線詞ditch意為“甩掉，丟棄”。A.Dependon依靠；B.Relievein緩解；C.Watchover監(jiān)視；D.Giveup放棄。故D選項(xiàng)正確。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Recentscientificstudieshaveonlyunderlinedtheimportanceofgoodsleep.Butjustwhatcanawoman(orman)dotogetagoodnight’srest?____36____.Silky(絲滑)SmoothForsilkysmoothskin,buysomesilkysmoothclothwithoutwrinkling(起皺)！____37____.Silkwon’tleaveimpressionsontheface,thosekindofstrangemarksthatcanappearanywhereonthebodyaftersleepingoncottoncloth.Softclothcansuityourbody’snaturalshapesandhelpkeeptheirproperform.___38___Here’sasimplewayforpeoplewhohaveahardtimefallingasleep:trytakingashower!Showeringcanrelaxthebodyandmind,helpingthemusclestoletgoofdailystress.____39____.Butmostimportantly,ashoweralsohelpsadjustbodytemperature.Toactuallyfallasleep,ourbodytemperaturesneedtodropalittlebit.LimitsOutInordertoensurequalitysleep,makesurealllightsareoutintheroom.Sleepinginthedarkhelpsremoveupsetandhelpsourbodiesgointodeepsleep,duringwhichthebodyandmindrepairthemselves.____40____.A.CoolDownB.SlowDownC.ThesethreeeasytipswillhelpyousleepbetteratnightD.Thiskindofclothdon’twrinklequiteasroughlyascottonE.SleepingonyourbackkeepsfacialskinlayingatanaturalangleF.ApieceofblackclothcoveringeyescanhelpwiththeprocesstooG.Evenbetter,itaffordsanopportunitytoremoveallmakeupbeforebed【答案】36.C37.D38.A39.G40.F【解析】本文為說(shuō)明文。最近的科學(xué)研究只是強(qiáng)調(diào)了良好睡眠的重要性。但是一個(gè)女人(或男人)怎樣才能睡個(gè)好覺(jué)呢？文章就此問(wèn)題給出了幾點(diǎn)建議。【36題詳解】根據(jù)上文Butjustwhatcanawoman(orman)dotogetagoodnight’srest?（但是一個(gè)女人或男人怎樣才能睡個(gè)好覺(jué)呢？）及下文對(duì)三點(diǎn)建議的描述可知，C項(xiàng)“這三個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的建議將幫助你晚上睡得更好”符合此處語(yǔ)境。故C選項(xiàng)正確。【37題詳解】根據(jù)上文Forsilkysmoothskin,buysomesilkysmoothclothwithoutwrinkling(起皺)！（為了絲般光滑的皮膚，要買一些不起皺的絲般光滑的布!）可知，D項(xiàng)“這種布不像棉布那樣皺得那么粗糙”符合此處語(yǔ)境。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段主要講述如何放松自己及最后一句話Toactuallyfallasleep,ourbodytemperaturesneedtodropalittlebit.（要真正入睡，我們的體溫需要下降一點(diǎn)）可知，A項(xiàng)“平靜下來(lái)”符合此處語(yǔ)境。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文Showeringcanrelaxthebodyandmind,helpingthemusclestoletgoofdailystress.（洗澡可以放松身心，幫助肌肉釋放日常壓力）可知，G項(xiàng)“更好的是，它提供了一個(gè)在睡覺(jué)前卸妝的機(jī)會(huì)”符合此處語(yǔ)境。故G選項(xiàng)正確。【40題詳解】根據(jù)上文Sleepinginthedarkhelpsremoveupsetandhelpsourbodiesgointodeepsleep,duringwhichthebodyandmindrepairthemselves.（在黑暗中睡覺(jué)有助于消除煩惱，幫助我們的身體進(jìn)入深度睡眠，在此期間，身體和大腦自我修復(fù)）F項(xiàng)“用一塊黑布遮住眼睛也可以幫助這個(gè)過(guò)程”符合此處語(yǔ)境。故F選項(xiàng)正確。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空內(nèi)處的最佳選項(xiàng)。OnemorningwhenIwassendingapackagetoapoorwoman,Inoticedalittledoginheryard.Hewas____41____fromaterriblecaseofmange(癩疥).Iaskedherifhewasherdogandshesaidyes.Iaskedwhyshedidn’t____42____himandshetoldmetherewasnothingshecoulddoaboutitforbeingshortof____43____.MyheartbrokeasI____44____himslowlytryingtostandhis____45____fromtheillness.IaskedherifshewouldmindifItriedto____46____him.ItoldherIwouldtrytogetsome____47____tomakehimfeelcomfortable.Insteadofgoingtoa____48____chemist’sshop,Iwenttothelocalanimaldoctorandtoldhimwhatthedog____49____likeandhetoldmewhatIneeded.WhenI____50____tothewoman’shomeIaskedherifshewouldbesureto____51____thedoginthemedicineliquideverydayuntilitwas____52____.ImadeherpromisebecauseIknewIcouldnot____53____everydaytomakesureitwasdone.TwoweekslaterwhenIreturnedtothehouse,this____54____littleballofdogwithredfur____55____meatthedoor.Itwashim,shakinghistail____56____.Ismiledandtoldthewomanshedidagreat____57____.IaskedherifIcouldcallhimFirecracker(爆竹)becausehis____58____wassoredandlively.She____59____herheadyeswithtearsinhereyestoo.EverytimeIwenttoherhomeFirecrackeralwaysgreetedmewithawaveofhistail.Thatwasthebest$16I____60____spent.41.A.coming B.suffering C.away D.different42.A.feed B.sell C.treat D.donate43.A.time B.ability C.food D.money44.A.imagined B.watched C.heard D.kept45.A.pain B.noises C.looks D.hopelessness46.A.change B.please C.help D.buy47.A.medicine B.love C.water D.milk48.A.rural B.food C.strange D.regular49.A.sounded B.looked C.smelled D.felt50.A.returned B.hurried C.rushed D.turned51.A.raise B.protect C.walk D.bath52.A.cutdown B.takenapart C.usedup D.paidoff53.A.come B.work C.question D.flee54.A.weak B.funny C.energetic D.naughty55.A.drove B.ignored C.attacked D.recognized56.A.honestly B.carefully C.anxiously D.happily57.A.service B.job C.favor D.attempt58.A.fur B.neck C.eye D.nose59.A.dropped B.moved C.nodded D.shook60.A.even B.never C.then D.ever【答案】41.B42.C43.D44.B45.A46.C47.A48.D49.B50.A51.D52.C53.A54.C55.D56.D57.B58.A59.C60.D【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文。一天早上，當(dāng)作者給一個(gè)貧窮的女人送包裹時(shí)，他注意到她的院子里有一只小狗。那條小狗患了嚴(yán)重的疥瘡。當(dāng)作者問(wèn)為什么她不給小狗治療時(shí)，她說(shuō)因?yàn)槿卞X而無(wú)能為力。于是作者去了當(dāng)?shù)氐膭?dòng)物醫(yī)生那里，給小狗弄些藥，讓狗主人答應(yīng)每天給小狗用藥水洗澡。最后，小狗康復(fù)了，并且認(rèn)識(shí)了作者。每次作者去她家，小狗總是搖著尾巴歡迎他。作者內(nèi)心充滿了快樂(lè)與欣慰。【41題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.comingfrom來(lái)自；B.sufferingfrom遭受，患有；C.awayfrom遠(yuǎn)離；D.differentfrom和……不同。根據(jù)下文aterriblecaseofmange(癩疥)可知，那條小狗患了嚴(yán)重的疥瘡。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.feed喂養(yǎng)；B.sell賣；C.treat治療；D.donate捐贈(zèng)。根據(jù)下文shetoldmetherewasnothingshecoulddoaboutit可知，作者問(wèn)為什么她不給小狗治療。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.time時(shí)間；B.ability能力；C.food食物；D.money錢。根據(jù)上文Iwassendingapackagetoapoorwoman可知，小狗的主人是因?yàn)槿卞X沒(méi)有給小狗治療。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.imagined想象；B.watched看；C.heard聽(tīng)說(shuō)；D.kept保持。當(dāng)作者看著那條小狗的時(shí)候，他的心都碎了。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.pain痛苦；B.noises噪音；C.looks外表；D.hopelessness絕望。根據(jù)上文slowlytryingtostand可知，小狗慢慢地試圖忍受疾病帶來(lái)的痛苦。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.change改變；B.please請(qǐng)；C.help幫助；D.buy買。作者問(wèn)狗主人是否介意自己幫一下這只小狗。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.medicine藥；B.love愛(ài)；C.water水；D.milk牛奶。因?yàn)樾」坊剂藝?yán)重的疥瘡，作者一定是想給小狗弄些藥。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.rural鄉(xiāng)下的；B.food食物；C.strange奇怪的；D.regular普通的。根據(jù)下文Iwenttothelocalanimaldoctorandtoldhimwhatthedog可知，作者沒(méi)有去普通的藥店，而是去了當(dāng)?shù)氐膭?dòng)物醫(yī)生那里。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.sounded聽(tīng)起來(lái)；B.looked看起來(lái)；C.smelled聞起來(lái)；D.felt感覺(jué)。作者去了當(dāng)?shù)氐膭?dòng)物醫(yī)生那里，告訴醫(yī)生那只狗長(zhǎng)什么樣，他告訴我需要什么。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.returned返回；B.hurried倉(cāng)促（做某事）；C.rushed匆忙地做；D.turned轉(zhuǎn)向。作者又回到了那個(gè)女人的家里。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.raise撫養(yǎng)；B.protect保護(hù)；C.walk走；D.bath洗澡。根據(jù)下文inthemedicineliquid可知，作者問(wèn)狗主人是否能確保每天用藥液給狗洗澡。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.cutdown砍倒，減少；B.takenapart拆卸；C.usedup用完；D.paidoff付清，得到回報(bào)。此處指直到藥水用完。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.come來(lái)；B.work工作；C.question提問(wèn)；D.flee逃離。作者讓她答應(yīng)，因?yàn)樗雷约翰豢赡苊刻於紒?lái)確保這件事完成。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.weak弱的；B.funny滑稽的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.naughty淘氣的。根據(jù)下文littleballofdogwithredfur可知，小狗康復(fù)了，皮毛有了光澤，變得精力充沛。故C選項(xiàng)正確。【55題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.drove驅(qū)趕；B.ignored忽視；C.attacked襲擊；D.recognized認(rèn)出。根據(jù)下文Itwashim,shakinghistail____16____.可知，小狗認(rèn)出了作者。故D選項(xiàng)正確。【56題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.honestly誠(chéng)實(shí)地；B.carefully仔細(xì)地；C.anxiously焦慮地；D.happily快樂(lè)地。根據(jù)上文shakinghistail可知，小狗快樂(lè)地?fù)u著尾巴。故D選項(xiàng)正確【57題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.service服務(wù)；B.job工作；C.favor恩惠；D.attempt嘗試。作者笑著告訴那位女士，她做得很好。agreatjob“很好”。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.fur皮毛；B.neck脖子；C.eye眼睛；D.nose鼻子。根據(jù)上文littleballofdogwithredfur可知，作者問(wèn)那位女士是否可以叫小狗爆竹，因?yàn)樗拿侨绱说募t和活潑。故A選項(xiàng)正確。【59題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.dropped掉落；B.moved感動(dòng)；C.nodded點(diǎn)頭；D.shook搖動(dòng)。根據(jù)下文herheadyeswithtearsinhereyestoo可知，那位女士含著眼淚點(diǎn)頭同意了。故C選項(xiàng)正確。【60題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.even甚至；B.never從不；C.then那么；D.ever曾經(jīng)。這是作者曾經(jīng)花過(guò)的最好的16美元。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要根據(jù)上下文來(lái)學(xué)會(huì)“推理”出最佳選項(xiàng)。同學(xué)們要遵循“上下求索”的原則來(lái)查找信息。例如，第1小題要求判斷出那條小狗怎么樣，根據(jù)下文aterriblecaseofmange(癩疥)可知，那條小狗患了嚴(yán)重的疥瘡。再對(duì)比選項(xiàng)：A.comingfrom來(lái)自；B.sufferingfrom遭受，患有；C.awayfrom遠(yuǎn)離；D.differentfrom和……不同。由此可知，故B選項(xiàng)正確。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MybestfriendandIwalkedtoanicecreamshoptoday.IbroughtmywaterbottleoutofhabitandhandedittohersonaturallythatIhadnoideawhyIbroughtit.Wekept____61____(go)though.Onourway,amanasked____62____eitherofushadmoneyforwater,oradrinkorsomething.Hewassittingonthegroundatthetimewithaboardhestoppedholdingup.Iofferedmyreusablewaterbottletohim.Hedrankallthewaterquite____63____(rapid).Hegavemybottlebackafterall.Isaidtomyfriendwith____64____smile,“ThatwaswhyIbroughtitthen.”O(jiān)nthereturnbackfromtheicecreamstore,Itried____65____(get)watertogo,incasehemightbestillthere.Theyonlyhadmineralwaterandlemonwaterthere,somethingheprobablydisliked.Itturnedouthewasno____66____(long)there,though.MyfriendandItalkedaboutkeepingwater____67____(bottle)inourcars.Thisway,wegivewithhealthythings____68____aretrulyhelpful.Webothlikethe____69____(create)ideaandthesethingswould___70___(prepare)soon.【答案】61.going62.if/whether63.rapidly64.a65.toget66.longer67.bottles68.that/which69.creative70.beprepared【解析】本文為記敘文。今天作者和最好的朋友去了一家冰淇淋店。出于習(xí)慣，她把水壺拿了出來(lái)，很自然地遞給了她，作者不知道為什么要帶著它。在路上，她們遇到了一個(gè)需要喝水的人，作者將水給了那個(gè)人。后來(lái)，作者和朋友打算，今后在車?yán)锓判┧?，以備給一些需要幫助的人提供幫助。【61題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。固定搭配：keepdoing“繼續(xù)做，一直做某事”。故填going?！?2題詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：在路上，一個(gè)人問(wèn)我們是否有錢買水、飲料或其他東西。if/whether“是否”，此處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。故填if/whether。【63題詳解】考查副詞。句意：他很快地喝光了所有的水。此處修飾動(dòng)詞drank，應(yīng)使用副詞形式。故填rapidly。【64題詳解】考查不定冠詞。此處泛指“一個(gè)微笑”，應(yīng)使用不定冠詞。故填a?！?5題詳解】考查不定式。句意：我試圖帶點(diǎn)水再走。固定搭配：trytodo“嘗試做”。故填toget?！?6題詳解】考查固定詞組。句意：結(jié)果他不在那里了。固