SectionAWhatrulesdowefollow?(GrammarFocus)Unit2NoRules,NoOrder人教新目標(biāo)（Goforit）版（2025春）

七年級(jí)下冊(cè)通過本節(jié)課學(xué)習(xí)，我能夠：1.發(fā)現(xiàn)并總結(jié)祈使句和含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子中的動(dòng)詞的

形態(tài)變化特點(diǎn)。2.

歸納和掌握祈使句的句式結(jié)構(gòu)、意義和用法。3.

根據(jù)情景，正確運(yùn)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can，must，haveto。4.使用祈使句和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞談?wù)搶W(xué)習(xí)和生活中的規(guī)則。LearningobjectivesWhatschoolrulesdoyouknow?1.Don’t...forschool.2.Don’truninthe...3.Don’t...intheclassroom.4.Don’tuse...inclass.5.Don’tlitter.Keep...6.Be...Treat...with...7.Weartheschooluniform.8.Putup...if...ReviewWhataretherules?Wecan’tlistentomusicinclass.Yes,wecan.Canwelistentoitoutside?Whataretherules?Wecan’teatintheclassroom.Yes,wecan.Canweeatinthedininghall?Mrs.BrownDoyourememberMsBrown’sinform

(告知)in1d?WhatrulesdoesMsBrowninformstudents?Walk_______(Walk)inthehallway.Don’t______(run)!Don’t_______(litter)._____(be)politeand_______(treat)everyonewithrespect.Youmustn’t_______(wear)otherclothestoschoolinstead.runwearlitterBetreatHey,I’mDoloresUmbridge,fromtheMinistryofMagic.IthinkI'mgoingtomakefurtheradjustments(進(jìn)一步調(diào)整)totheschoolrulesofHogwarts.Lead-inThisistheProhibitionsWall(禁令墻).Let’slearntomakerulesfortheschoolorotherpublicplaces.Icanreadthenewwords.預(yù)習(xí)檢查queuejumpthequeuefeed隊(duì)插隊(duì)喂養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng)n./kju:/leave離開；留下v./li:v/absent缺席的；不在的adj./??bs?nt//fi:d/v.shhquietlybelt噓(用以讓別人安靜下來)輕聲地；安靜地安全帶；腰帶；皮帶interj.adv./?//?kwa??tli/noise聲音；噪音n./n??z//belt/n.beabsentfrom缺席；不在(=sh)Readthesentences.Dotheverbsinboldneedtochangeforms?Why?Walkinthehallway.Don’trun!Bepoliteandtreatoneanotherwithrespect.Don’tlitter./Youmustn’tlitter./Youcan’tlitter.Canwebringourphonestoclass?No,wecan’t.Wemustkeeptheminourlockers.Canweeatsnacksinclass?No,wecan’teatinclass.Wehavetoeatinthedininghall.No,theydon’t.Becausetheverbsappearinimperativesentencesoraftermodalverbs.3aWalkinthehallway.Don’trun!Bepoliteandtreatoneanotherwithrespect.Don’tlitter./Youmustn’tlitter./Youcan’tlitter.Canwebringourphonestoclass?No,wecan’t.Wemustkeeptheminourlockers.Canweeatsnacksinclass?No,wecan’teatinclass.Wehavetoeatinthedininghall.Whichsentencesareimperativesentences?Whichsentencescontainmodalverbs?Whatarethemodalverbs?Walkinthehallway.Don’trun!Bepoliteandtreatoneanotherwithrespect.Don’tlitter./Youmustn’tlitter./Youcan’tlitter.ImperativeSentences

祈使句一般用來表示請(qǐng)求、命令、勸說、號(hào)召、警告等。一、什么是祈使句Walkinthehallway.Don’trun!Bepoliteandtreatoneanotherwithrespect.Don’tlitter./Youmustn’tlitter./Youcan’tlitter.ImperativeSentences

通常省略主語you，其肯定形式常以動(dòng)詞原形開頭，否定形式是在動(dòng)詞原形前加don’t。句尾用句號(hào)或感嘆號(hào)，讀時(shí)用降調(diào)。為表示禮貌，可在句首或句末加上please。句末用please時(shí)，前面通常加逗號(hào)。二、祈使句的特點(diǎn)三、祈使句的形式：祈使句的形式可以分為Do型、Be型、Let型和其他類型：1.Do型祈使句的構(gòu)成：①肯定句：動(dòng)詞原形(+賓語)+其他.②否定句：Don’t+動(dòng)詞原形(+賓語)+其他.Haveaseat,please.請(qǐng)坐。Don’tforgetme!不要忘記我！Don’tbelateforschool!上學(xué)不要遲到！2.Be型祈使句的構(gòu)成：①肯定句：Be+表語+其他.②否定句：Don’t+be+表語+其他.Bequiet,please.請(qǐng)安靜。Letmehelpyou.讓我來幫你。3.Let型祈使句的構(gòu)成：①肯定句：Let+賓語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.②否定句：Don’t+let+賓語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.

或Let+賓語+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.Don’tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.別讓他走。4.其他類型的否定祈使句：①

No+V-ing!/No+名詞！用來表示禁止的祈使句。②

never代替don’t來加強(qiáng)語氣。Nosmoking!禁止吸煙！Noswimming!禁止游泳！Nophotos!禁止拍照！Nevergiveup!永不言棄！四、祈使句注意事項(xiàng)：1.Let型的否定式有兩種；let后接第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，完整

形式和縮略式意義也不相同。Don’tlethimgo.別讓他走。Lethimnotgo.讓他別走。Let’shavearest.咱們休息一下吧。（包括聽話者）Letustryagain.讓我們?cè)僭囋嚢伞＃ú话犜捳撸喈?dāng)于allowustotryagain）2.有時(shí)為了加強(qiáng)祈使句的語氣，可在行為動(dòng)詞前加do。Docomehere.一定要來。Doletmehaveanothertry.請(qǐng)務(wù)必讓我再試試。3.在祈使句的句首或句尾加please，使語氣顯得客氣，有禮貌。

如果在句尾加please，必須用逗號(hào)與前句隔開。Pleasestandup.請(qǐng)起立。Sitdown,please.請(qǐng)坐。4.祈使句中如果有稱呼語或人名，也要用逗號(hào)將其與句子隔開。Doyourhomework,Tom.湯姆，做作業(yè)。=Tom,doyourhomework.5.第二人稱主語通常不表示出來，有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，指明向誰提

出要求或發(fā)出命令，主語也可表示出來，這時(shí)主語須重讀。Jack,closethewindow!杰克，關(guān)上窗戶！祈使句，祈使句，請(qǐng)求、命令或建議。主語是you常省去，動(dòng)詞原形開頭記。否定形式要注意，句首要把don’t加。要講客氣用please，句首、句末沒關(guān)系。祈使句用法歌訣ModalVerbsCanwebringourphonestoclass?No,wecan’t.Wemustkeeptheminourlockers.Canweeatsnacksinclass?No,wecan’teatinclass.Wehavetoeatinthedininghall.can,must,haveto1.出現(xiàn)了哪些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的作用及特點(diǎn)：

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于表達(dá)說話人的態(tài)度、意愿、推測(cè)、建議、能力、義務(wù)等。沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化；后面必須跟動(dòng)詞原形來構(gòu)成完整的謂語。一、can的用法：can可表示能力、許可、請(qǐng)求等。其否定形式為can’t/cannot.IcanspeakalittleFrech.我會(huì)說一點(diǎn)法語。（能力）Wecan’truninthehallways.我們不能在走廊上奔跑。(許可)Canyouhelpme?你能幫助我嗎？（請(qǐng)求）can,must,haveto二、must的用法：1.表示主觀的義務(wù)和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑問句中，意思是“必須...，得...，要...”；由must引導(dǎo)的疑問句，肯定回答一般用must，否定回答一般用needn’t、don’t/doesn’thaveto或don’t/doesn’tneedto，意為“不必”；must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意為“不能；不許”。--MustIgohomenow?我現(xiàn)在必須回家嗎？肯：--Yes,youmust.是的，你必須回。否：--No,youneedn’t.不，沒必要。/No,youdon’thaveto./No,youdon’tneedto.Youmustn’tbelateforschool.你上學(xué)千萬不要遲到。2.表示肯定的猜測(cè)，常用于肯定句，意為“一定是；必然...”。否定的猜測(cè)則要用can’t，意為“不可能”。Youmustbeverytired.你一定很累了。ThebookmustbeTom’s.這本書一定是湯姆的。Ourteachercan’tbeintheoffice.我們的老師不可能在辦公室。三、haveto的用法：haveto表示客觀需要做的事情，意思是“必須，不得不”。使用haveto時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：①haveto后接動(dòng)詞原形，意為“必須做...；不得不做...”。Youhavetodoyourhomeworkfirst.你必須先做你的家庭作業(yè)。②haveto有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其第三人稱單數(shù)形式為hasto。Shehastohelphermommakedinner.她不得不幫她媽媽做晚飯。③含有haveto,hasto的句子需分別借助助動(dòng)詞do，does構(gòu)成

疑問句或否定句。Doyouhavetogohomenow?你必須現(xiàn)在回家嗎？Hedoesn’thavetogonow.他現(xiàn)在不必去。四、haveto和must的區(qū)別haveto①常強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要，多譯為“不得不”；②有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，其一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù)形式為hasto，過去式為hadto。haveto的否定形式為don’thaveto，表示“不必”。must①常表示說話人的主觀看法，多譯為“必須”；②沒有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。must的否定形式為mustn’t，表示“禁止，不準(zhǔn)”。3bCompletethesentencesusingcan,haveto/must,orcan’t/mustn’t.1.Don’tjumpthequeue.You______________waityourturn.2.I_____feedmydogmanykindsoffood,butI______givehimchocolate.Itisbadforhim!3.A:CanIleavetheclassroomifIdon’tfeelwell?B:Yes,butyou______________tellyourteacheraboutitwhenyou________beabsentfromclass.4.A:Hey!CanIlookatyourbook?B:Shh,we_____________talkquietlyinthelibrary.5.A:Canyouputonyourseatbelt?We_____________wearonewhenwe’reinacar.B:Sure.Thanks!haveto/mustcanhaveto/musthavetohaveto/musthaveto/mustcan’tLookatthefirstsignandreadtherules.Thenwritetherulesfortheothersigns.Donoteatordrink.Noeatingordrinking.Youcan’t/mustn’teatordrink.3cDonotparkhere.Donottakephotoshere.Noparking.Youcan’t/mustn’tparkhere.Nophotos.Youcan’t/mustn’ttakephotos.Donotswimhere.Donotfeedbirds.Noswimming.Youcan’t/mustn’tswimhere.Nofeeding.Youcan’t/mustn’tfeedbirds.Donotfishhere.Donotsmokehere.Nofishing.Youcan’t/mustn’tfishhere.Nosmoking.Youcan’t/mustn’tsmokehere.Ingroups,brainstormthreerulesforoneoftheplacesbelow.Thendrawsignstoshowtherules.Shareyoursignsinclassandexplainwhattheymean.

Inthelibrary,wemustkeepquiet.Wemustn’tmakenoise.Wecan’t...libraryschooldininghallparkcinemahospital3dInthelibraryWemustkeepquiet.Wemustn’tmakeanynoise.Wecan’teatordrinkhere.Wecan’ttakebooksoutofthelibrarywithoutpermission.IntheschooldinninghallWecan’tjumpthequeue.Wecan’twastefood.Wehavetocleanthetablebeforeweleave.IntheparkWecan’tthrowrubbishhereandthere.Wecan’twalkonthegrassandpickflowers.Wecan’tplaywithfire.

InthecinemaWemustsitontheassignedseatshownontheticket.Wemustn’tsmokehere.Wemustkeepquietwhilewatching.InthehospitalWemustn’tsmoke.Wehavetobequiet.Don’truninthehallways.Ummm...Notbad,guys.Ifyouhaveanysuggestionsabouttheschoolrulesorotherrules,pleaseputthemforwardandperhapsIwilladoptthemonmywall.Rulesareeverywhereinourdailylife.Weshouldfollowtherulesandmakeaquietandcomfortableplaceforeveryone.1.CanIleavetheclassroomifIdon’tfeelwell?leavev.

離開；把......留下Languagepointsleavesp.離開某地leaveforsp.動(dòng)身去某地（目的地）leaveAforB離開A地去B地leavesb./sth.把某人/某物落下TheplaneleavesforChinaat12a.m.飛機(jī)于上午12點(diǎn)前往中國(guó)。Idon’twanttoleavehomtown.我不想離開家鄉(xiāng)。HeleavesMinqinforShenzhen.他離開民勤前往深圳。Ileftmykeysonthebus.我把鑰匙忘在公交車上了。2.Icanfeedmydogmanykindsoffood,...feedv.

喂養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng)Pleasefeedsomefishtothecat.請(qǐng)給貓喂些魚。Let’sfeedthemonkeywithsomebananas.我們給猴子喂些香蕉吧。Pandasfeedonbamboo.大熊貓以竹子為食。feed...(食物)to...(動(dòng)物)把......喂給......吃feed...(人或動(dòng)物)with...(食物)用......喂......feedon...以......為食，靠......為生

（主語多為動(dòng)物或嬰兒）【辨析】fee&raiseCanyoufeedthecat,please?你能喂一下貓嗎？用法feed主要強(qiáng)調(diào)“喂養(yǎng)”“給（人）”提供食物，側(cè)重具體喂食動(dòng)作。raise當(dāng)意思為“養(yǎng)育；撫養(yǎng)”時(shí)，側(cè)重整體培育成長(zhǎng)的過程。Theyraisedthreechildren.他們養(yǎng)育了三個(gè)孩子。3....whenyouhavetobeabsentfromclass.absentadj.

缺席的；不在的

反義詞present“出席的，在場(chǎng)的”。常用短語：beabsentfrom缺席Iwasabsentfromthemeeting.我缺席了這次會(huì)議。absencen.

缺席Idon’tknowhisabsencetoday.我不知道他今天缺席。SectionA(GrammarFocus)Grammar:1.ImperativeSentences2.ModalVerbsSummaryExerciseI.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.________(open)thedoor,Sara.2.__________(notbe)lateforourfamilydinner.3.No________(talk)inthelibrary!4.Please___________(notplay)computergamessomuch,Jim!5.Be________(care)whenyoucrosst