Unit5MusicDiscoveringUsefulStructures上一單元語法課中，我們學(xué)習(xí)了過去分詞不能單獨(dú)用作謂語，但保留著動(dòng)詞的部分特性，有

或

含義，可在句中可作

、

。REVIEWPresentationPracticeSummary定語賓補(bǔ)給括號(hào)內(nèi)的動(dòng)詞以正確的形式填空；并判斷該詞在句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧he________(injury)workersarenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.Thestudents?

(invite)tothepartyhadagreattime.Wesawthethief_______(catch)bythepolice.Imusthavemyhomework_____(do)beforegoingouttoplay.injuredinvitedcaughtdone過去分詞作定語過去分詞作定語過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)完成被動(dòng)ReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary觀看下面兩個(gè)短片，復(fù)述每個(gè)片段后的最后一個(gè)句子。Iwasfrightened.I’mworriedabouthim.[思考]上面加粗的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞在此處充當(dāng)什么成分？？？ReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary觀察下列過去分詞所作成分并總結(jié)規(guī)律。Shewas

movedbythemovingspeech.Sheseems

surprisedatthenews.Theylooked

frightenedtohearthefrighteningsound.Thedooris

closed.過去分詞可置于

后作

語，用來表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征或

。其前的系動(dòng)詞包括be動(dòng)詞、感官動(dòng)詞get,feel,remain,seem,look,become等多種形式。系動(dòng)詞表狀態(tài)過去分詞作表語ReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary[用法一]

過去分詞可放在系動(dòng)詞之后作表語，表示主語所處的狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞。★Tomwas

astonishedtoseeasnakemovingacrossthefloor.

湯姆很驚訝地看到一條蛇正爬過地板。★Finallythebabyfelt

tiredofplayingwiththosetoys.

終于嬰兒厭倦了玩那些玩具。★Anhourafterthematch,thekidsremained

excited.

比賽（結(jié)束）一小時(shí)后，孩子們?nèi)匀缓芘d奮。ReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary常見的系動(dòng)詞有種類例子狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞be持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞keep,remain,stay,lie,stand表象系動(dòng)詞seem,appear感官系動(dòng)詞look,smell,sound,taste,feel變化系動(dòng)詞become,grow,turn,fall,get終止系動(dòng)詞prove,turnoutReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary[用法二]

過去分詞作表語時(shí)構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別：?過去分詞作表語，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語的特點(diǎn)或狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于形容詞；?被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，句子主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，后面常跟by。★Thisshopisnowclosed．

Thisshopis

closedat6pmeveryday．★Thecupwas

brokenbyhim.

Thecupis

broken.★Thenoveliswellwritten.

ThenoveliswrittenbyMoYan.(狀態(tài))(動(dòng)作)(動(dòng)作)(狀態(tài))(動(dòng)作)(狀態(tài))ReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary[用法三]

感覺類及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作表語與感覺類及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別：?過去分詞作表語多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的狀態(tài)，常譯作“感到……的”；?現(xiàn)在分詞多表示事物具有的特性，常譯作“令人……的”。★Weare__________(interest)inthefilm.

Thefilmis__________(interest)

tous.★Michellesounded_______(excite)tohearthenews.

Thenewssounded________(excite).interestedinterestingexcitedexcitingReviewPresentationPRACTICESummary用現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞填空1

Hebecame___________athis___________

job.

(bore)2

Thetigerlooked___________butLily

wasn’t___________.(frighten)3

Hisspeechwasvery___________.

Marybecame___________.

(inspire)4

Charleswasn’t___________thoughthestorywas___________.(amuse)5

Thescenewasso___________thathegot___________.

(amaze)6

Theresultwas_____________,soJudybecame_____________.(disappoint)boredboringfrighteningfrightenedinspiringinspiredamusedamusingamazingamazeddisappointingdisappointedReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary觀察下面兩個(gè)句子，然后圈出過去分詞并討論其作用。?

Born

intheUSAon2January1970,WhitacrebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.?Movedbyhismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”主語謂語過去分詞作非謂語Whowasborn?Born的邏輯主語，形成被動(dòng)關(guān)系WhitacrewasbornintheUSAon2January1970......主語謂語過去分詞作非謂語Whowasmoved?Moved的邏輯主語，形成被動(dòng)關(guān)系A(chǔ)shewasmovedbyhismusic......ReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary過去分詞作狀語?

過去分詞作狀語，修飾謂語動(dòng)詞，進(jìn)一步說明謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)，即動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)的背景或狀況。?

過去分詞作狀語的兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)：

?過去分詞的邏輯主語(被省略，以使得句子簡(jiǎn)潔、凝練)就是句子的主語；

?過去分詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)或完成意義。?

可作的狀語包括：時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式、伴隨等。?

過去分詞通常位于句首或句末，句中常有逗號(hào)隔開。ReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary過去分詞作時(shí)間狀語過去分詞作時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，通常放在句首，可轉(zhuǎn)換為when，while或after等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。★Whenitwaslefttoitselfintheroom,thebabybegantocry.

當(dāng)被獨(dú)自留在房間里時(shí)，嬰兒哭了起來。?Once__________(publish),hisworkbecamefamous.?

When____________(accompany)byparents,kidscanenterthepark.publishedaccompanied＝Onceit(hiswork)waspublished,hisworkbecamefamous.＝Whenthey(kids)areaccompaniedbyparents,kidscanenterthepark.Lefttoitselfintheroom,thebabybegantocry.ReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary過去分詞作原因狀語作原因狀語時(shí)，一般置于句首，相當(dāng)于as，since，because等引導(dǎo)的從句。★Choked(=Becausehewaschoked)bytheheavysmoke,hecouldhardlybreathe.

他被濃煙嗆到了，幾乎不能呼吸了。?_________(give)advicebythepolice,theladykeptcalm.?_________(do)inahurry,theworkwasfullofmistakes.GivenDone＝Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,theworkwasfullofmistakes.＝Since/Asshewasgivenadvicebythepolice,theladykeptcalm.ReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary過去分詞作條件狀語作條件狀語時(shí)，通常放在句首，可轉(zhuǎn)換為if，once或unless等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。★Grown(=Iftheyaregrown)inrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.

如果被種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長(zhǎng)得很快。?_________(give)moretime,wewilldobetter.Given＝Ifwearegiven

moretime,wewilldobetter.ReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary過去分詞作讓步狀語作讓步狀語時(shí)，一般放在句首，有時(shí)也放在句末，可轉(zhuǎn)換為although，though或evenif等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。★Invited(=ThoughIwasinvited)byhim,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.

即使被他邀請(qǐng)，我也不會(huì)參加聚會(huì)。?Though______(tell)manytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.told＝Thoughhewastoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.ReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary過去分詞作方式/伴隨狀語過去分詞作伴隨狀語時(shí)，通常放在句末；作方式狀語時(shí)，一般放在句末，有時(shí)也放在句首。作方式狀語或伴隨狀語時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)換為并列結(jié)構(gòu)。★Sheacceptedthegift,deeplymoved(=andshewasdeeplymoved).她接受了禮物，被深深地感動(dòng)了。?Theteacherenteredthelab,_________(follow)byhisstudents.followed＝Theteacherenteredthelab,andhewasfollowedbyhisstudents.ReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary過去分詞作狀語的注意事項(xiàng)過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語必須是句子的主語，否則要用狀語從句或獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)（“名詞/代詞+過去分詞”），有時(shí)也可用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。?

Givenachance,wecansurprisetheworld.若給我們一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，我們會(huì)令世界驚奇。?

Theirhomeworkfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplay.

他們的家庭作業(yè)完成后，孩子們就出去玩了。

=

Whentheirhomeworkhadbeenfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplay.

=

Withtheirhomeworkfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplay.

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)ReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary過去分詞作狀語的注意事項(xiàng)過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，可根據(jù)需要在其前面加上while，when，before，after，since，until，once，though，although，unless，asif，asthough，evenif，eventhough等詞或短語。★

Unlessconstantlyrepeated,theEnglishwordsareeasilyforgotten.

這些英語單詞很容易被忘記，除非不斷重復(fù)（記憶）。★

When

askedwhyshecamehere,thegirlkeptsilent.

當(dāng)被問到為什么來這里時(shí)，那個(gè)女孩沉默不語。ReviewPRESENTATIONPracticeSummary過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的區(qū)別★

Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.

(see與句子主語thecity之間邏輯：被動(dòng)關(guān)系)★

Seeingfromthehill,youwillfindthatthecitylooksbeautiful.

(see與句子主語you之間邏輯：主動(dòng)關(guān)系)兩者的區(qū)別：?

過去分詞作狀語?動(dòng)作和主語邏輯關(guān)系?被動(dòng)關(guān)系?

現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語

?

動(dòng)作和主語邏輯關(guān)系?主動(dòng)關(guān)系ReviewPresentationPRACTICESummary用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if________(carry)outregularly,canimproveourhealth.2Though_________(surprise)toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.3_____________(encourage)bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.4If_________(accept)forthejob,you’llbeinformedsoon.5________(raise)inthepoorestareaofGlasgow,hehadalong,hardroadtobecomingafootballstar.carriedsu