BacktoNature選擇性必修3Unit5LearningfromnatureAfra

HenryDavidThoreau(1817-1862)wasanAmericanessayist,poet,andphilosopher.Hebeganwritingnaturepoetryinhisearlytwenties,withpoetRalphWaldoEmersonasamentorandfriend.In1845,hebeganhisfamoustwo-yearstayatWaldenPond,whichhewroteaboutinhismasterwork,Walden.

BornintoapooraristocraticfamilyintheEasternJinDynasty,TaoYuanming(365-427)wasoneofChina`sgreatestpoetsandanotedrecluse.Amasterofthefive-wordline,Taohasbeendescribedasthefirstgreat“poetoffieldsandgardens.”Whatdoyouknowaboutthesepeople?

Activity1(Readforstructure)

Para.1Bothmenmadedramatictransformationstotheirlivesinordertoreconnectwithnature.AlthoughTaoandThoreaudonottreatnatureinquitethesameway,theirworksshowitsbeautyandvalue.Thetwomen’sinfluencetopeopletoday.TaoYuanmingandThoreausharedanintenserespectfornature.Paras.2~3Paras.4~5Para.6TaoYuanmingandHenryDavidThoreauwerebothpoets,but

onelivedinAncientChinaand____otherin19thcentury

America.Superficially,thesetwomen,_____liveswere

separatedintimebynearly1,500years,werepolaropposites.Andyettheysharedanintense

respect___nature,whichmade

themeachan________(influence)figureoftheirtime.thewhoseforinfluential1.________________一個...另一個...2.________________對...表示尊重3.influencen.影響havean~____對...有影響-________adj.有影響的4.figuren.___________________v.___________5.evaluatev._______-_________n.one...theothershowrespectto/foroninfluential

人物；數字；身材；雕塑

認為~out弄清楚

評估；評價evaluationPara1Bothmenmadedramatictransformationstotheirlivesinorder

toreconnect

withnature.Asan_______(office)intheEasternJin

Dynasty,Taofeltconflictedoverlifeatcourt.In405,hequitthe

serviceofthecourtforgood,expressinghisunhappinessinthe

nowfamousline_____hewouldnotbowlikeaservantinreturn

____five

dou

ofgrain".Hespentthenext22yearsuntilhisdeath

workingthelandinapoor,ruralarea.Fromhispoetry,wecan

learnthatalthoughhislifewasarduous,hesucceededinfinding

___________(content)initssimplicityandindrawingpleasurefrom

nature.Para2officialthatforcontentmentPara21._____________與...重新建立聯系-____________n.重新溝通/連接2.officen.辦公室-__________n.軍官-__________adj.正式的；官方的n.公職人員（文）3.___________________對...感到困惑/矛盾4.atcourt____________5.quitv.離開；停止~______停止做某事~_____離開工作職位6.forgood__________7.bowv./n.鞠躬；弓~_________向...鞠躬~one’shead低頭8._____________作為對...的回報9.ruraladj.鄉村的urbanadj.______suburbanadj.______10.succeed___成功做某事11.contentn.______________adj.______-__________n.12.simpleadj.簡單的-_________adv.簡單地-_________v.簡化-________n.簡單；淳樸

13._____________從...中獲得...reconnectwithreconnectionofficerofficialfeelconflictedover

在官場；在職場doingas

永遠地；永久地to/beforeinreturnfor

城市的

郊區的

in

內容；目錄(~s)滿足的contentment滿足

simplysimplifysimplicitydraw...from...

Para3WhileTao'sreturntonaturewasareaction___alifestylehewas

opposedto,Thoreau'swasapersonaldecision_________(transform)the

wayhelived.Hehadadecentqualityoflife,____hewantedto

liveinasimplerway.Fortwoyears,twomonthsandtwodays,

helivedinacottageintheforestontheedgeofWaldenPond

focusingon_______(he)andhiswriting.Heexplainedhisreasonfor

doingsoinWalden:"IwenttothewoodsbecauseIwishedto

live________(deliberate),tofrontonlytheessentialfactsoflife.”Both

menwerehappytowithdraw_____

contemporarylife,seekinga

_______(harmony)relationshipwithnatureinthequietnessoftheir

lives.tototransformbuthimselfdeliberatelyfromharmoniousPara31.________________對...的反應2.________________反對...3.________________在...邊緣4.________________集中注意力于5.withdrawv.①退出；撤回~_____從...中退出~_____撤退到...②提；取；拿出~money_____從...中取款-__________n.areactiontobeopposedtoontheedgeoffocuson

fromtofromwithdrawalAlthoughTaoandThoreaudonottreatnature____quitethesame

way,theirworksshowitsbeautyandvalue.Tao,snatureisa

placeoffieldsandvillages,inotherwords,rural,andhis

animalsaredomesticones,suchaschickensanddogs.Thecalm

andpeacefullifehewroteaboutisincontrast___andcriticalof

thedepressivecourtlife:

Beyondthedarkanddistanceliesavillage,Thesmokeabovereluctant________(depart)Adogisbarkingsomewheredownthelane,AndchickenssitatopthemulberrytreePara4intotodepartThoreau'sdescriptionsofnatureemphasisedthebeautyand

_____(pure)ofthewildareasaroundhim.________(devote)himselfto

observationsofthenatural________(phenomenon),herecordedhisdetailed

findingsinhisjournals.Thoreau’swritingaimedtoconvince

peoplethatanimalsandplantshadaright_______(live)andprosper,as

wedo.Weshouldlivewiththeminharmonyandenjoy

natures

gifts,____hedescribesinhisjournals:Livein

eachseasonasitpassesbreathetheair;drinkthedrink，tastethefruit,andresignyourself___theinfluencesofeach.Let

thembeyouronlydiet,drinkandbotanicalmedicines.

Para5purityDevotingphenomenatoliveastoPara4-51.________________與...形成對比2.depressiveadj.__________-_________n.-_________v.3.becritical____對...不滿becritical___對...關鍵4.________________集中注意力于5.bereluctant_____不愿意做...6.departv._______-__________n.8.emphasisev._____-________n.-_______adj.9.pureadj.純潔的-_______n.純凈；純潔-________v.凈化10.phenomenonn.現象-____________n.(pl)11.convincev.使信服-_________adj.令人信服的-________adj.感到信服的convincesb___/_____/___使某人信服...12.prosperv.繁榮；興旺-_________n.-________adj.incontrastto

抑郁的；蕭條的depressiondepressoftofocusontodo=beunwillingtodo

離開departure

強調emphasis重要性emphatic強調的

purity

purifyphenomenaconvincingconvincedoftodothatprosperity繁榮prosperousPara4-513.resignv.①辭職；放棄

~______工作單位

~______身份名詞

~one’s___________辭職②聽任；順從~oneself____使自己順從于/安于...fromaspost/positiontoPara6Ittakes__________(consider)couragetorejecttheeasyandfamiliarand

insteadtrytoliveclosertonature,asbothTaoandThoreaudid.Theirchoicesledthemtoquietandreflectiveliveswithfewer

materialdesires.Intoday'smodernworld.theirideasabout

livingsimplyandbeingat

ease____naturemaytakeusastep

closerto_______(attain)personalwell-beingand________(fulfill).considerablewithattainingfulfilment像陶淵明和梭羅那樣,拒絕簡單熟悉的事物,轉而嘗試親近大自然,這需要相當大的勇氣。他們的選擇使他們過上了平靜而沉思的生活,物質欲望減少了。在今天這個現代世界,他們關于簡單生活和與自然和諧相處的想法,可能會讓我們離獲得個人幸福和滿足感更近一步。Para61.considerv.________

consider_______考慮做某事

consider...________+adj./n./that...認為/以為...-______________n.考慮

______________把...考慮在內-consider___adj.深思熟慮/考慮周到的【近】-consider____adj.相當大的—___________adv.2.rejectv.拒絕接受；不錄用；厭惡-_________n.【近】________________3.easen.容易；舒適；自在v.減輕，緩和；緩緩移動be______easewith不拘束；放松________ease輕松地

考慮；認為

doing(tobe/as)considerationtakesthinto~atethoughtfulableconsiderablyrejectionrefuse=turndowndecline(婉言謝絕)atwithPara64.attainv.得到；獲得-_________n.得到；成就-___________adj.可達到的；可獲得的5.fulfilmentn.滿足-___________v.①滿足；②實現；③履行

attainmentattainablefulfill~requirements滿足要求

~adream/one’sambition實現夢想/抱負

~apromise/duty履行承諾/職責

Activity1(Readfordetails)

BacktonatureTaoYuanmingHewentbacktonaturebecausehefelt_____________overlifeatcourt.Hespentthenext22yearsuntilhisdeathinapoor,ruralarea.Helivedan__________buthappylife.Hisworksareaboutthecalmand__________life.conflictedarduouspeaceful

Activity1(Readfordetails)

BacktonatureTaoYuanmingHewentbacktonaturebecausehefelt_____________overlifeatcourt.Hespentthenext22yearsuntilhisdeathinapoor,ruralarea.Helivedan__________buthappylife.Hisworksareaboutthecalmand__________life.conflictedarduouspeaceful

Activity1(Readfordetails)

BacktonatureHedecidedtogiveuphis__________qualityoflifehimselfHelivedina___________intheforestontheedgeofapond.Hespent2overyearsthere.Hisworksareaboutthebeautyand________ofthewildareas.HenryDavidThoreaudecentcottagepurity

Activity1(Readfordetails)

BacktonatureTheymadedramatic________________totheirlivesinordertoreconnectwithnature.Theywerehappyto___________fromthecontemporarylife,seekingaharmoniousrelationshipwithnatureinthequietnessoftheirlives.Theyshowedthebeautyandvalueof_________intheirworks.Similaritiestransformationswithdrawnature

Activity2(Thinkandshare)

1.WhydidittakeTaoandThoreaugreatcouragetowalkawayfromtheirpreviouslives?Becauseitwasdifficulttorejecttheeasyandfamiliarlifetheyusedtolive.

Activity2(Thinkandshare)

2.Whyaretheirideasimportanttoourlivestoday?Becauseintoday’smodernworld,westillneedtoliveharmoniouslywithnature,andliveasimplelife.Fewermaterialdesiresleadtobetterpersonalwell-beingandfulfilment.3.WhatdoyouthinkaboutlivinginnaturelikeTaoandThoreau?Giveyourreasons.Students’ownanswers.

Activity2(Thinkandshare)

4.Comparethetworeadingpassagesinthisunit.Inwhatwaysdoeseachpassagecontributetotheunittheme?Bothpassageshavethecommonthemeoflearningfromnature.Thefirstpassagefocusesontheinspirationspeoplegetfromnature,whilethesecondfocusesmoreonthenaturalwayoflivingthatpeoplestillneedtoday.Thesecondpassagecallsuponustoliveinharmonywithnature,whichisanimportantmessagefortoday.TheMeaningofStruggleOneday,amanfoundthepupaofabutterfly.Seeinganopeninginthepupa,herealisedthatthebutterflywasreadytoemerge.Sohesatdownandwatchedasthebutterflystruggledtoforceitsbodythroughthelittlehole.However,minutespassedandthebutterflystillcouldn’tgetout.Thestrugglewastoohardforitsweakbody.Themanthenkindlyenlargedtheholeinthepupasothatthebutterflycouldfinallybreakfree.Butinsteadofflyingaway,itjustdraggeditselfaroundweakly,thendied.Thestruggletobreakoutofthepupawasnecessaryforthebutterfly’ssurvivalbecauseitenableditswingsandbodytogrowstrong.Withoutthestruggle,itwastooweaktolive.Inthesameway,weneedstruggletogrowstrongandsurvive.Wemustgothroughsomedifficultthingsifwereallywishtospreadourwingsandfly.

Activity3Workingroups.ComparethequotesbyTaoandThoreau.Beyondthedarkanddistanceliesavillage,Thesmokeabovereluctanttodepart.Adogisbarkingsomewheredownthelane,Andchickenssitatopthemulberrytree.Liveineachseasonasitpasses;breathetheair,drinkthedrink,tastethefruit,andresignyourselftotheinfluencesofeach.Letthembeyouronlydiet,drinkandbotanicalmedicines.曖曖遠人村，依依墟里煙。狗吠深巷中，雞鳴桑樹顛。好好度過每一個季節，呼吸新鮮的空氣， 暢飲美酒，品嘗水果，盡情享受這一切。讓生活中只有飲食和草藥。

Activity3Decidewhichportrayalofnatureyoupreferandmakenotes.TaoThoreauGenresoftheirworks:Imagesintheirworks:Whatnaturemeanstothem:Whatmessagetheytrytoconvey:Thinkaboutyourperformanceinthisactivity.Howeffectivelydidyoucomparethetwoliteraryworks?Whatadditionalinformationdidyouneedtomakethecomparison?Layout:體裁話題時態人稱文章架構核心要點記敘文，故事一般過去時為主；第一、三人稱為主故事+升華對日常生活的啟迪教育意義

Activity3TheMeaningofStruggleOneday,amanfoundthepupaofabutterfly.Seeinganopeninginthepupa,herealisedthatthebutterflywasreadytoemerge.Sohesatdownandwatchedasthebutterflystruggledtoforceitsbodythroughthelittlehole.However,minutespassedandthebutterflystillcouldn’tgetout.Thestrugglewastoohardforitsweakbody.Themanthenkindlyenlargedtheholeinthepupasothatthebutterflycouldfinallybreakfree.Butinsteadofflyingaway,itjustdraggeditselfaroundweakly,thendied.Thestruggletobreakoutofthepupawasnecessaryforthebutterfly’ssurvivalbecauseitenableditswingsandbodytogrowstrong.Withoutthestruggle,itwastooweaktolive.Inthesameway,weneedstruggletogrowstrongandsurvive.Wemustgothroughsomedifficultthingsifwereallywishtospreadourwingsandfly.1.Whatdoesabutterflydotogetoutofitspupa?Thebutterflystrugglestoforceitsbodythroughthelittlehole.TheMeaningofStruggleOneday,amanfoundthepupaofabutterfly.Seeinganopeninginthepupa,herealisedthatthebutterflywasreadytoemerge.Sohesatdownandwatchedasthebutterflystruggledtoforceitsbodythroughthelittlehole.However,minutespassedandthebutterflystillcouldn’tgetout.Thestrugglewastoohardforitsweakbody.Themanthenkindlyenlargedtheholeinthepupasothatthebutterflycouldfinallybreakfree.Butinsteadofflyingaway,itjustdraggeditselfaroundweakly,thendied.Thestruggletobreakoutofthepupawasnecessaryforthebutterfly’ssurvivalbecauseitenableditswingsandbodytogrowstrong.Withoutthestruggle,itwastooweaktolive.Inthesameway,weneedstruggletogrowstrongandsurvive.Wemustgothroughsomedifficultthingsifwereallywishtospreadourwingsandfly.2.Whydidthemanthinkheneededtohelpthebutterfly?Becausethebutterflycouldn’tgetout.Thestruggleseemedtoohardforitsweakbody.TheMeaningofStruggleOneday,amanfoundthepupaofabutterfly.Seeinganopeninginthepupa,herealisedthatthebutterflywasreadytoemerge.Sohesatdownandwatchedasthebutterflystruggledtoforceitsbodythroughthelittlehole.However,minutespassedandthebutterflystillcouldn’tgetout.Thestrugglewastoohardforitsweakbody.Themanthenkindlyenlargedtheholeinthepupasothatthebutterflycouldfinallybreakfree.Butinsteadofflyingaway,itjustdraggeditselfaroundweakly,thendied.Thestruggletobreakoutofthepupawasnecessaryforthebutterfly’ssurvivalbecauseitenableditswingsandbodytogrowstrong.Withoutthestruggle,itwastooweaktolive.Inthesameway,weneedstruggletogrowstrongandsurvive.Wemustgothroughsomedifficultthingsifwereallywishtospreadourwingsandfly.3.Whathappenedtothebutterflyafterthemanenlargedtheholeinthepupa?Thebutterflydraggeditselfaroundweakly,andthendied.TheMeaningofStruggleOneday,amanfoundthepupaofabutterfly.Seeinganopeninginthepupa,herealisedthatthebutterflywasreadytoemerge.Sohesatdownandwatchedasthebutterflystruggledtoforceitsbodythroughthelittlehole.However,minutespassedandthebutterflystillcouldn’tgetout.Thestrugglewastoohardforitsweakbody.Themanthenkindlyenlargedtheholeinthepupasothatthebutterflycouldfinallybreakfree.Butinsteadofflyingaway,itjustdraggeditselfaroundweakly,thendied.Thestruggletobreakoutofthepupawasnecessaryforthebutterfly’ssurvivalbecauseitenableditswingsandbodytogrowstrong.Withoutthestruggle,itwastooweaktolive.Inthesameway,weneedstruggletogrowstrongandsurvive.Wemustgothroughsomedifficultthingsifwereallywishtospreadourwingsandfly.4.Whatisthelessonbehindthisstory?Weneedstruggletogrowstrongandsurvive.TheMeaningofStruggleOneday,amanfoundthepupaofabutterfly.Seeinganopeninginthepupa,herealisedthatthebutterflywasreadytoemerge.Sohesatdownandwatchedasthebutterflystruggledtoforceitsbodythroughthelittlehole.However,minutespassedandthebutterflystillcouldn’tgetout.Thestrugglewastoohardforitsweakbody.Themanthenkindlyenlargedtheholeinthepupasothatthebutterflycouldfinallybreakfree.Butinsteadofflyingaway,itjustdraggeditselfaroundweakly,thendied.Thestruggletobreakoutofthepupawasnecessaryforthebutterfly’ssurvivalbecauseitenableditswingsandbodytogrowstrong.Withoutthestruggle,itwas