PAGEPAGE1專題12名詞性從句一、選擇題1．Isuspect________Emilywaslyingwhenshedescribedtheincident，forIknowherwell.A．whether B．thatC．what D．how答案B2．Lackinginthespiritofinnovation，thesmallislandcountryremains________itwas5yearsago.A．what B．whenC．why D．which答案A解析句意為：由于缺乏創新精神，這個小島國家仍舊和五年前一樣。remains后為what引導的表語從句，what在從句中作表語，故選A項。3．In1776，twoSpanishmenwereseekingawaytotravelfromSantaFe，in________isnowNewMexico，toCaliforniaonthewestcoastofNorthAmerica.(2024·蘇州學情調研，25)A．where B．thatC．which D．what答案D解析句意為：在1776年，兩名西班牙男子正在找尋一條從圣達菲——就在現在的新墨西哥州——到在北美西海岸的加利福尼亞州的路。介詞in后為賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，指物，應用what引導，故選D項。4．________JackgetshomeafterschooliscalculatedsothatMumcanensurehimwarmmeals.A．That B．WhenC．Whether D．How答案B解析句意為：杰克放學后何時到家是被計算好的，這樣的話媽媽可以保證他能吃到熱飯。依據句意可知，為了保證他能吃上熱飯，因此被計算的是杰克到家的時間，應用when引導主語從句，故選B項。5．Aproblemhasoccurred________weshoulddevelopinnovativethinkingabilitiesintheclassroomsbygivingstudentsopportunitiestogeneratenewideas.A．what B．whereC．whether D．that答案C6．Ourhealthis______wemakeofit—giveitattentionanditimproves；giveitnoneanditweakens.A．what B．whetherC．how D．who答案A解析此處為what引導的表語從句。句意為：我們的健康取決于我們如何對待它——多關注它，它便會改善，不關切它，它就會變得虛弱。故選A。9．Followingthedeclineinhousepricesinmanysmallandmedium-sizedcities,therearenowsigns________housepricesinmajorcitiesmayalsobesetforaslide.答案：that句意為：隨著中小型城市房價的下跌，現在有跡象表明在大城市房價也可能有下滑的趨勢。signs后是同位語從句，從句結構和意義完整，用從屬連詞that引導。10．TensofthousandsofpeoplemarchedtotheMartinLutherKingJr.Memorial,celebratingthe50thanniversaryofKing'sfamousspeech,throughwhichweknow________hesaidmeanttotheblack.11．NewplansforthecollegeentranceexaminationinZhejiangare________studentshavetobetestedonChinese,math,Englishandanotherthreesubjectsastheyprefer.答案：that句意為：浙江的高考新安排是考生必需參與語文、數學、英語和他們喜愛的其他三科的考試。設空處引導表語從句，從句中不缺成分和意義，故用that引導。12．Thereisastrongpossibility________manwillmainlydependonsolarenergyinthefuture.答案：that句意為：人類在將來主要依靠太陽能是特別有可能的。設空后的從句句子結構完整，不缺少成分，且是對possibility的進一步說明、說明，故設空處引導同位語從句，故填that。13．AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeis________happenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.答案：what句意為：正如約翰·列儂曾經所說，生活就是在你忙于制訂其他安排的時候發生在你身上的事情。設空處引導表語從句并在從句中充當主語，故填what。14．________thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.答案：When句意為：延誤的航班將何時起飛主要取決于天氣。分析句子結構可知，dependsmuchon是句子的謂語，________thedelayedflightwilltakeoff是句子的主語，設空處引導主語從句。依據句意，設空處在主語從句中作時間狀語，故填when。15．Pickyourselfup.Courageisdoing________you'reafraidtodo.答案：what/whatever/anything句意為：振作起來，志氣就是去做(任何)你膽怯 做的事。分析題干可知，doing后為賓語從句，設空處引導賓語從句，在從句中作賓語且表物。也可填anything。16．Thebrideandgroomgave________attendedtheirweddingsomegiftstosharetheirhappiness.答案：whoever句意為：新娘和新郎給每個參與他們婚禮的人都送了禮物，來共享他們的華蜜。設空處引導賓語從句，在從句中作主語，意思是“凡是……的人”，相當于anyonewho，故用whoever。17．Icouldn'timagine________difficultitwasforthesebadlyinjuredvictimstomakeittothehospital.答案：how句意為：我無法想象這些嚴峻受傷的受害者能勝利到達醫院該有多么困難。設空處引導賓語從句，空后是形容詞difficult，應當用how修飾，howdifficultitwas意為“這是多么困難”。18．Grandmapointedtothehospitalandsaid,“That's______Iwasborn.”答案：where句意為：“那就是我誕生的地方，”奶奶指著那家醫院對我說。前面提到了醫院，所以設空處應當是表地點，故用where引導該表語從句，并在從句中作地點狀語。19．Somepeoplebelieve______hashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.答案：whatever句意為：一些人認為，無論是曾經發生過的事情還是現在正在發生的事情，都會在將來重演。從句中缺少主語，且表示“無論……的事情”，故填whatever。20．—IsittruethatMikerefusedanofferfromYaleUniversityyesterday?—Yeah,butIhavenoidea______hedidit;that'soneofhisfavoriteuniversities.三、單句改錯1．Ididn'tknowwhatonetobuybecausethesebookswereallusefultome.答案：what改為which此處表示“不知道該買哪一個”意義，故“疑問詞＋不定式”結構中的疑問詞應用which。2．Youwanttoknowthateverthingisgoinginourschool.答案：that改為how賓語從句的引導詞在從句中作狀語，表示go的程度，表示“我們學校的狀況如何”，故用how。3．Theproblemiswhatthe“Play”doesn'tworkatall.答案：what改為that表語從句的引導詞在從句中不作成分，而且不表示意義，故用that。what在名詞性從句中須要作主語、賓語等。4．ThereisnodoubtwhetherIwillachievegreatprogressinEnglishlearningwithyourassistance.答案：whether改為that否定句或疑問句中doubt后的從句用that引導，確定句doubt后的從句用whether/if引導。Thereisnodoubtthat...“毫無疑問……”。5．Atthattime,Ijustwonderedthatmymotherwassodelighted.答案：that改為why依據wonder推斷，引導詞表示“為什么”意義，故用why。句子表示“我不明白為什么媽媽那么興奮”。6．Whichisworse,theyspatandeventhrewrubbishintothelake.答案：Which改為WhatWhatisworse是固定用法，意為“更糟糕的是”。7．IwentupandaskedwhatIcouldhelpthem.答案：what改為if/whether賓語從句的引導詞不須要在從句中作成分，再依據ask推斷句子的引導詞表示疑問意義，故應為if/whether。8．Asisknowntoallthatmillionsofgraduatescrowdedintothejobmarketeachyear.9．Thatyoushouldlearnishowtowritedownthemostimportantwords,notthewholesentence.答案：That改為What主語從句的引導詞須要在從句中作learn的賓語，故用what。10．Next,wecanknow________isgoingonatanytime.答案：whatknow后是一個賓語從句，從句缺少主語，故填what。四、語法填空AlfredAlder,afamouspsychiatrist,had__1__interestingexperience.Whenhewasasmallboyhegotofftoapoorstartinarithmetic(算術).Histeachergottheideathathehadnoabilityinarithmetic,andtoldhisparents__2__shethoughtinorderthattheywouldnotexpecttoomuchofhim.Inthisway,theytoodevelopedtheidea,“Isn'tittoobad__3__Alfredcan'tdoarithmetic？”Heacceptedtheirmistakenestimateofhisability,feelingthatitwasuselesstotry.Onedayhebecameveryangryattheteacherandtheotherstudentsbecausetheylaughedwhenhesaidhesawhowtodoaproblem__4__noneoftheotherstudentshadbeenabletosolve.Aldersucceededinsolvingtheproblem.Thisgavehimconfidence.Herejectedtheidea__5__hecouldnotdoarithmeticandwasdeterminedtoshowthemthathecould.His__6__(angry)andhisnewfoundfaithstimulatedhimtogoatarithmeticproblemswithanewspirit.Henowworked__7__interest,determination,andpurpose,andhesoonbecame__8__(extraordinary)goodatarithmetic.Henotonlyprovedthathecandoarithmetic,buthelearnedearlyinlifefromhisownexperience,ifaperson__9__(go)atajobwithdeterminationandpurpose,hisabilitymaymakehimselfaswellasothers__10__(astonish)．1．______2.______3.______4.______5.______6．______7.______8.______9.______10.______答案：1．anexperience在此表示“經驗”，是可數名詞；此處泛指“一次好玩的經驗”，用不定冠詞。2．what該詞引導賓語從句，并在從句中作thought的賓語，指事物，故填what。3．thatit是形式主語，要填的詞引導從句作真正主語，而主語從句不缺少成分，表達陳述意義，所以用that。4．which/that所填的詞引導定語從句，修飾先行詞problem，并在從句中作賓語，故填which或that。5．that該詞引導idea的同位語從句，從句不缺少成分，意義也完整，故填that。6．anger前面有his作定語，與hisnewfoundfaith一起作主語，故填名詞anger。7．with此處表示“帶有，有”意義，所以應當填介詞with。8．extraordinarily修飾形容詞good，意為“極其，極端地”，用副詞。9．goesif引導的從句講的是事實，所以用一般現在時，主語是aperson，故填goes。10．astonished在動詞make后作賓語補足語，表示賓語的狀態和感受，故填形容詞astonished“驚異的”。四、短文改錯WhenitcomestotheTV,therewillbedifferentwordindifferentpersons'minds.SomepeoplethinkthatwatchTVisagoodwaytorelax.Firstly,wecanbroadenourhorizonsorknowmoreabouttheworldbywatchinglatestnewsandreports.Secondly,watchingTVisagoodwaytokilltheirsparetime.Finally,wecanpredictthatmayhappeninthefutureandbeprepared.Therefore,everycoinhasitstwosides.TherearealsodisadvantagesofwatchingTV.Notonlydoitdoharmtooureyesight,butitalsohasabadaffectonourstudiesandeverydaylife.Definitely,TVplaysabigroleinourlife.Weshouldtreattoitinarightway.答案：WhenitcomestotheTV,therewillbedifferenteq\o(word,\s\do15(words))indifferentpersons'minds.Somepeoplethinkthateq\o(watch,\s\do15(watching))TVisagoodwaytorelax.Firstly,wecanbroadenourhorizonseq\o(or,\s\do15(and))knowmoreabouttheworldbywatchingeq\o(∧,\s\do15(the))latestnewsandreports.Sec