土壤學(xué)部分專業(yè)名詞1土壤soil。2土壤學(xué)soilscience3發(fā)生土壤學(xué)pedology4耕作土壤學(xué)edaphology5土壤地理[學(xué)]soilgeography6土壤物理[學(xué)]soilphysics7土壤化學(xué)soilchemistry8土壤生物化學(xué)soilbiochemistry9土壤礦物學(xué)soilmineralogy10農(nóng)業(yè)化學(xué)agrochemistry11土壤分析化學(xué)soilanalyticalchemistry12土壤生物學(xué)soilbiology13土壤微生物學(xué)soilmicrobiology14土壤生態(tài)學(xué)soilecology15土壤微形態(tài)[學(xué)]soilmicromor-phology16土壤資源soilresources17土壤區(qū)劃soilregionalization18土壤肥力soilfertility19土壤管理soilmanagement20土壤利用soilutilizaion21土壤改良soilamelioration,soilimprovement22土壤侵蝕[學(xué)]soilerosion23水土保持soilandwaterconservation24農(nóng)業(yè)化學(xué)分析agrochemistryanalysis25土壤信息系統(tǒng)soilinformationsystem,SIS26土壤遙感soilremotesensing27土壤圈pedosphere28土壤景觀soillandscape29自然土壤naturalsoil30人為土壤anthropogenicsoil31耕作土壤cultivatedsoil32森林土壤forestsoil33草原土壤steppesoil34荒漠土壤desertsoil35水田土壤paddyfieldsoil36旱地土壤uplandsoil37低地土壤lowlandsoil38濕地土壤wetlandsoil39鹽漬土壤salt-affectedsoil40山地土壤m(xù)ountainsoil41高山土壤slpinesoil42風(fēng)化作用weathering43物理風(fēng)化physicalweathering44化學(xué)風(fēng)化chemicalweathering45生物風(fēng)化biologicalweathering46風(fēng)化產(chǎn)物weatheringproduct47風(fēng)化殘余物weatheringresidue48風(fēng)化強度weatheringintensity49風(fēng)化指數(shù)weatheringindex50風(fēng)化淋溶系數(shù)bavalue51半風(fēng)化體saprolite52風(fēng)化殼weatheringcrust53碎屑風(fēng)化殼clasticweatheringcrust54含鹽風(fēng)化殼salicweatheringcrust55碳酸鹽風(fēng)化殼carbonatedweatheringcrust56硅鋁風(fēng)化殼sialliticweatheringcrust57鐵鋁風(fēng)化殼ferralliticweatheringcrust58[成土]母質(zhì)parentmaterial59土壤發(fā)育soildevelopment60土壤發(fā)育序列soildevelopmentsequence61年代序列chronosequence62地形系列toposequence63原始土壤primitivesoil,initialsoil64幼年土壤youngsoil65成熟土壤m(xù)aturesoil66頂極土壤climaxsoil67古土壤學(xué)paleopedology68古土壤paleosol69埋藏土buriedsoil70裸露埋藏土exhumedsoil71殘遺土relictsoil72土壤年齡soilage73土壤絕對年齡absoluteageofsoil74土壤相對年齡relativeageofsoil75放射[性]碳定年radiocarbondating76[表觀]平均停留時間[aparent]meanresidencetime,AMRT77土壤地球化學(xué)soilgeochemistry78土壤生物地球化學(xué)soilbiogeochemistry79土壤發(fā)生soilgenesis80土壤形成soilformation81土壤形成因素soil-formingfactor82土壤形成過程soil-formingprocess83淋溶作用eluviation84淋洗作用leaching85螯合淋溶作用cheluviation86[機械]淋移作用mechanicaleluviation,lessivage87淀積作用illuviation88淋淀作用eluviation-illuviation89生物積累作用biologicalaccumulation90腐殖質(zhì)積累作用humusaccumulation91泥炭形成[作用]peatformation92鹽化[作用]salinization93堿化[作用]solonization94次生鹽化[作用]secondarysalinization95脫鹽作用desalinization。96脫堿作用solodization,solotization，97石膏聚積作用gypsumaccumulation。98鈣積作用calcification。99復(fù)鈣作用recalcification100脫鈣作用decalcification101潛育作用gleyization102假潛育作用pesudogleyization103次生潛育化[作用]secondarygleyization104硅化[作用]silicification105脫硅[作用]desilicification106灰化[作用]podzoliation107棕化[作用]brownification,braunification108紅化[作用]rubification109硅鋁化[作用]siallitization110鐵鋁化[作用]ferrallitization111富鋁化[作用]allitization112鐵質(zhì)化[作用]ferruginization113黏化[作用]clayification114殘積黏化[作用]residualclayification115淀積黏化[作用]illuvialclayification,argillification116自冪作用self-mulching。117自吞作用self-swallowing118土壤擾動作用pedoturbation119單個土體pedon120聚合土體polypedon。121土壤剖面soilprofile122侏儒剖面nanoprofile123巨型剖面giantprofile124擾動剖面disturbedprofile125剖面構(gòu)型profilepattern126土體層solum127土壤發(fā)生層soilgenetichorizon,soilhorizon128發(fā)生層分化horizondifferentiation,horizonation129發(fā)生層界線horizonboundary130發(fā)生層命名horizondesignation131基本發(fā)生層masterhorizon,principlehorizon132有機層organichorizon133腐殖質(zhì)層humushorizon134淋溶層eluvialhorizon135淀積層illuvialhorizon136母質(zhì)層parentmaterialhorizon137母巖parentrock138殘積物residualdeposit139崩積物colluvialdeposit140坡積物slopedeposit,slopewash141洪積物diluvialdeposit142沖積物alluvialdeposit143湖積物lacustrinedeposit144淺海沉積物shallowmarinedeposit,neriticdeposit145冰川沉積物glacialdeposit146冰水沉積物glaciofluvialdeposit147風(fēng)積物aeoliandeposit148黃土loess149黃土狀物質(zhì)loess-likematerial150第四紀(jì)紅色黏土Quaternaryredclay151珊瑚砂coralsand152弱分解有機層slightlydecomposedorganichorizon153半分解有機層intermediatedecomposedorganichorizon154高分解有機層highlydecomposedorganichorizon155草氈層sodlayher156耕作層cultivatedhorizon157犁底層plowpan158孔泡結(jié)皮層vesicularcrustlayer159片狀層platylayer160灰化層podzolizedhorizon161漂洗層bleachedhorizon162次生黏化層secondaryclayifiedhorizon163網(wǎng)紋層reticulatedmottlinghorizon164泥炭層peathorizon165潛育層gleyhorizon166潴育層waterloggogenichorizon167滲育層percogenichorizon168荒漠礫冪desertpavement169荒漠漆皮desertvarnish170土壤層次soillayer171表土層surfacesoillayer172心土層subsoillayer173底土層substratum174埋藏層buriedhorizon175表土surfacesoil,topsoil176心土subsoil177底土bottomsoil178診斷層diagnostichorizon179診斷表層diagnosticsurfacehorizon180有機表層histicepipedon181淡薄表層ochricepipedon182黑色表層melanicepipedon183人為表層anthropicepipedon184灌淤表層siltigicepipedon185堆墊表層cumulicepipedon186肥熟表層fimicepipedon187水耕表層anthrostagnicepipedon188診斷表下層diagnosticsubsurfacehorizon189漂白層albichorizon190舌狀層glossichorizon191耕作淀積層agrichorizon192淀積黏化層argillichorizon193黏化層argichorizon194高嶺層kandichorizon195氧化層oxichorizon196薄鐵磐層placichorizon197鐵磐orstein,ironpan198腐殖質(zhì)淀積層sombrichorizon199灰化淀積層spodichorizon200鈉質(zhì)層natrichorizon201鹽積層salichorizon202鹽磐saltpan203石膏層gypsichorizon204石化石膏層petrogypsichorizon205鈣積層calcichorizon206石化鈣積層petrocalcichorizon207含硫?qū)觭ulfurichorizon208診斷特性diagnosticcharacteristics209質(zhì)地突變abrupttexturalchange210漂白物質(zhì)albicmaterial211漂白物質(zhì)指間狀延伸interfingeringofalbicmaterials212火山灰土壤特性andicsoilproperty213潮濕特征aquiccondition214線脹度linearextensibility,LE積之和表示。215硅質(zhì)硬結(jié)核durinode216可辨認(rèn)次生碳酸鹽identifiablesecondarycarbonate217石質(zhì)接觸面lithiccontact218準(zhǔn)石質(zhì)接觸面paralithiccontact219準(zhǔn)石質(zhì)物質(zhì)paralithicmaterial220石化鐵質(zhì)接觸面petrofericcontact221致密接觸面densiccontact222致密物質(zhì)densicmaterial223聚鐵網(wǎng)紋體plinthite224聚鐵網(wǎng)紋層plinthichorizon225淋淀層段sequum226雙淋淀層段bisequum227土壤水分控制層段soilmoisturecontrolsection）。228潮濕水分狀況aquicmoistureregime229干旱水分狀況aridicmoistureregime230干熱水分狀況torricmoistureregime231濕潤水分狀況udicmoistureregime232常濕潤水分狀況perudicmoistureregime233半干潤水分狀況usticmoistureregime234夏旱水分狀況xericmoistureregime235永凍溫度狀況permagelictemperatureregime236寒凍溫度狀況pergelictemperatureregime,gelictemperatureregime237寒性溫度狀況cryictemperatureregime238冷性溫度狀況frigidtemperatureregime239溫性溫度狀況mesictemperatureregime240熱性溫度狀況thermictemperatureregime241高熱溫度狀況hyperthermictemperatureregime242恒冷性溫度狀況isofrigidtemperatureregime243恒溫性溫度狀況isomesictemperatureregime244恒熱性溫度狀況isothermictemperatureregime245恒高熱溫度狀況isohyperthermictemperatureregime246永凍層次permafrostlayer247灰化淀積物質(zhì)spodicmaterial248草酸鹽浸液光密度值optical-density-of-oxalate-extractvalue,ODOEvalue249硫化物物質(zhì)sulfidicmaterial250可風(fēng)化礦化weatherablemineral7有機土壤物質(zhì)organicsoilmaterial8纖維有機土壤物質(zhì)fibricsoilmaterial9半腐有機土壤物質(zhì)hemicsoilmaterial40高腐有機土壤物質(zhì)sapricsoilmaterial41軟粉狀石灰softpowderylime。42舌狀延伸tonguing43潛育特征gleyicfeatures44滯水特征stagnicfeatures45涂污結(jié)持性smerayconsistence46膨轉(zhuǎn)特征verticfeatures47擠壓微地形gilgai48土壤形態(tài)[學(xué)]soilmorphology49土壤新生體soilnewgrowth50土壤侵入體soilintrusions51銹紋ruststreak52銹斑rustspot53鐵錳結(jié)核iron-manganeseconcretions54鈣質(zhì)結(jié)核calcareousconcretions55砂姜shajiang,irregularcalcareousconcretions56鈣磐calcareouspan57石灰斑calcareousspot58眼狀石灰斑whiteeye,glazki59假菌絲體pseudomycelium土壤中菌絲體狀碳酸鈣新生體。60石膏晶簇gypsumcrystalcluster61鹽霜saltefflorescence。62鹽結(jié)殼saltcrust63鹽結(jié)皮thinsaltcrust64土壤分類soilclassification65土壤發(fā)生分類soilgeneticclassification66地理發(fā)生分類geographico-geneticclassification67形態(tài)發(fā)生分類morphogeneticclassification68土壤高級分類highercategoriesofsoilclassification69土壤基層分類basiccategoriesofsoilclassification70土壤分類制soilclassificationsystem71土壤數(shù)值分類numericalclassificationofsoil72土壤級別categoryofsoil73土壤類別soiltaxon74土綱soilorder,soilclass。75亞綱suborder,subclass76土類soilgroup。。77亞類subgroup78土屬soilgenus79土種soillocaltype80變種soilvariety81土族soilfamily82土系soilseries83土相soilphase84土壤命名soilnomenclature85土壤連續(xù)命名法continuoussoilnomenclature86土壤分段命名法discontinuoussoilnomenclature87顯域土zonalsoil88隱域土intrazonalsoil89泛域土azonalsoil90自成土automorphicsoil91水成土hydromorphicsoil92半水成土semi-hydromorphicsoil93巖成土lithomorphicsoil94鹽成土halomorphicsoil95殘積土residualsoil96崩積土colluvialsoil97沖積土alluvialsoil。8風(fēng)積土seoliansoil。99磚紅壤latosol300赤紅壤latosolicredsoil02.301紅壤redsoil02.302燥紅土dryredsoil,savannaredsoil003黃壤yellowsoil004棕紅壤brown-redsoil005褐紅土cinnamon-redsoil006紅色石灰土terrarossa007棕色石灰土terrafusca008黑色石灰土rendzina009紫色土purplesoil010黃棕壤yellow-brownsoil011黃褐土yellow-cinnamonsoil012棕壤brownforestsoil,brownsoil03褐土cinnamonsoil014暗棕壤darkbrownforestsoil,darkbrownsoil05棕色針葉林土brownconiferousforestsoil016灰化土podzolicsoil17白漿土Baijingsoil018灰褐土greycinnamonsoil19灰黑土greyzem,greyforestsoil20黑土phaeozem,blacksoil21黑鈣土chernozem2栗鈣土chestnutsoil,kastanozem23棕鈣土browncalcicsoil24灰鈣土sierozem25灰漠土greydesertsoil26灰棕漠土grey-browndesertsoil27棕漠土browndesertsoil28龜裂土takyr29高山草甸土alpinemeadowsoil330亞高山草甸土subalpinemeadowsoil31山地草甸土mountainmeadowsoil32高山草原土alpinesteppesoil33亞高山草原土subalpinesteppesoil4寒漠土alpinefrostdesertsoil5寒凍土alpinefrostsoil36冰沼土tundrasoil37黑壚土Heilusoil39黃綿土loessalsoil040磷質(zhì)石灰土phospho-calcicsoil041泥炭土peatsoil042沼澤土bogsoil043草甸土meadowsoil04潮土fluvo-aquicsoil045砂姜黑土Shajiangblacksoil046鹽土solonchak07酸性硫酸鹽土acidsulphatesoil028堿土solonetz029水稻土paddysoil00淹育水稻土submergenicpadysoil052潛育水稻土gleyedpaddysoil土。053漂洗水稻土bleachedpaddysoil024菜園土vegetablegardensoil025灌淤土irrigation-siltingsoil056石質(zhì)土lithosol057粗骨土skeletalsoil038風(fēng)沙土aeoliansandysoil09土壤系統(tǒng)分類soiltaxonomy,soiltaxonomicclassification060譜系式分類hierarchyclassification061美國土壤系統(tǒng)分類SoilTaxonomy062淋溶土Alfisol03干旱土Aridisol064火山灰土Andisol,Andosol065新成土Entisol026有機土Histosol067始成土Inceptisol028暗活土Mollisol069氧化土Oxisol020灰土Spodosol。01老成土Ultisol02膨轉(zhuǎn)土Vertisol023土壤類群majorsoilgrouping024土壤單元soilunit025土壤亞單元soilsubunit076沖積土Fluvisol。0277潛育土Gleysol0278疏松巖性土Regosol02薄層土Leptosol80砂性土Arenosol081雛形土Cambisol082鈣積土Calcisol0283石膏土Gypsisol04高活性淋溶土Luvisol085低活性淋溶土Lixisol086高活性強酸土Alisol087低活性強酸土Acrisol0388黏磐土Planosol89灰化淋溶土Podzoluvisol02.391黏綈土Nitisol092鐵鋁土Ferralsol04人為土Anthrosol95均腐土isohumicsoil,isohumisol96假潛育土pseudogleysoil,pseudogley97滯水潛育土stagnogleysoil08土壤調(diào)查soilsurvey099土壤概查generalizedsoilsurvey00土壤詳查detailedsoilsurvery01土壤普查generaldetailedsoilsurvey02.3土樣soilsample004土壤標(biāo)準(zhǔn)物質(zhì)referencematerialofsoil005土壤整段標(biāo)本soilmonolith006土壤顏色soilcolor02.土壤形態(tài)特征soilmorphologicalcharacteristics02.剖面性態(tài)profilecharacteristics02.巖性連續(xù)性lithologiccontinuity02.巖性不連續(xù)性lithologicdiscontinuity012土壤制圖soilcartography02.4土壤圖soilmap02.土壤制圖單元soilmappingunit015土壤組合soilassociation0土壤復(fù)區(qū)soilcomplex027優(yōu)勢土壤組合soilconsociation028雜集區(qū)miscellaneousarea029土壤圖斑delineationofsoil020土壤界線soilboundary021土壤概圖generalizedsoilmap022土壤詳圖detailedsoilmap023土壤利用圖soilutilizationmap024土壤區(qū)劃圖soilregionalizationmap05土壤和地表體數(shù)字化數(shù)據(jù)庫SOTER,WorldSoilsandTerrainDigitaldataBase02土壤波譜特性spectralcharacteristicsofsoil02.4土壤分布soildistribution02土壤地帶性soilzonality02.土壤不浹地帶性soilhorizontalzonality02.土壤垂直地帶性soilverticalzonality02.431土壤垂直分布soilverticaldistribution032土壤垂直帶譜soilverticalpattern023土壤水平分布soilhorizontaldistribution024土壤微域分布micro-regionaldistributionofsoils差異，或受人為耕種利用影02土壤中域分布meso-regionaldistributionofsoils02土鏈soilcatena02.437土被soilcover024土被結(jié)構(gòu)soilcoverstructure02.9土壤資源調(diào)查soilresourcesinventory40土壤資源評價soilresourcesassessment,soilresourcesevaluation021微土壤學(xué)micropedology022土壤超微形態(tài)學(xué)soilsubmicro-morphology023微形態(tài)發(fā)生micromorphogenesis024微形態(tài)特征micromorphologicalfeatures45土壤物質(zhì)soilmaterial06粗骨顆粒skeletongrain047細(xì)粒物質(zhì)plasma028土壤基質(zhì)soilmatrix029基質(zhì)顆粒matrixgrain020土壤[自然]結(jié)構(gòu)體ped021土壤壘結(jié)soilfabric022內(nèi)壘結(jié)internalfabric053壘結(jié)型式fabricpattern024土壤形成物pedologicalfeatures055黏粒形成物clayformations056鐵錳形成物ferromanganeseformations057碳酸鹽形成物carbonateformations058硫酸鹽形成物sulphateformations059生物形成物bioformations。060濃聚物concentrations01離析物separations022凝團nodule063凝塊irregularnodule064結(jié)核concretion065膠膜cutan,coating066晶膜crystalcoating067晶管crystaltube08晶囊crystalchamber029晶頁crystalsheet02晶霜crystalefflorescence021懸膜pendant022土壤管狀物pedotubule023環(huán)狀物ring。024組合膠膜compoundcutan025混合膠膜mixedcutan028黏粒膠膜argillan,claycoating029淀積黏粒膠膜illuviationargillan020風(fēng)化黏粒膠膜weatheringargillan021黏粒薄膜thinclaycoating022黏粒填塞體clayplug023黏粒橋claybridgy024黏粒淋失斑claydepletions025黏粒集結(jié)體claydomains。026風(fēng)化黏粒體weatheringclaybody027黏粒鑲邊clayborder028黏粒假晶claypseudomorph029殘遺體relict020堆集性孔隙packingvoid021孔道channel022孔洞vugh023孔囊chamber0294孔泡vesicle025裂隙fissure0296腐殖質(zhì)組型humusform027粗腐殖質(zhì)mor,rawhumus028半腐殖質(zhì)moder029細(xì)腐殖質(zhì)mull020糞粒團聚體coprogenousaggregate021植物石phytolite502土壤薄片thinsectionofsoil.503土壤揭片soilpeel504微形態(tài)分析micromorphologicalanalysis505微形態(tài)計量micromorphometry506土壤顯微[鏡]學(xué)soilmicroscopy007土壤超顯微技術(shù)submicroscopictechniqueofsoil001土壤物理性質(zhì)soilphysicalproperty.002土壤三相soilthreephases3土壤總?cè)莘esoiltotalvolume034固相容積solidphasevolume5液相容積liquidphasevolume06氣相容積airphasevolume07土壤顆粒soilparticle08土壤顆粒大小分布particle-sizedistribution09土粒有效直徑effectivediameterofsoilparticle10斯托克斯定律Stokes'law03.011土壤顆粒大小分析soilparticlesizeanalysis12石塊stone13礫cobble14石塊質(zhì)stony5礫質(zhì)cobbly16礫石cobblestone17石礫gravel18粗屑體coarsefragment9砂粒sand20粉[砂]粒silt21黏粒clay22物理性砂粒physicalsand23物理性黏粒physicalclay24土壤分散[作用]soildispersion25土壤分散劑soildispersingagent26土粒沉降累積曲線particlesedi-mentalaccumulatedcurve27土壤質(zhì)地soiltexture28砂土sand29壤砂土loamysand30粉[砂]土silt31砂壤土sandyloam32壤土loam33粉[砂]壤土siltloam34砂質(zhì)黏壤土sandyclayloam35黏壤土clayloam36粉[砂]質(zhì)黏壤土siltyclayloam37砂黏土sandclay38粉[砂]黏土siltyclay39黏土clay40粗砂土coarsesand41細(xì)砂土finesand42輕壤土lightloam43中壤土mediumloam44重壤土heavyloam45輕黏土lightclay46中黏土mediumclay47重黏土heavyclay48土壤質(zhì)地剖面soiltextureprofile49土壤結(jié)構(gòu)soilstructure50土粒膠結(jié)[作用]soilparticlecementation51土粒凝聚[作用]soilparticlecoagulation52干濕交替[作用]alternationofdryingandwetting53凍融交替[作用]alternationoffreezingandthawing54團聚[作用]aggregation55碎裂[作用]fragmentation56土壤結(jié)構(gòu)分類soilstructureclassification57土壤結(jié)構(gòu)類型soilstructuretype58結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)structuremorphology59塊狀結(jié)構(gòu)blockystructure60角塊狀結(jié)構(gòu)angularblockystructure61亞解塊狀結(jié)構(gòu)subangularblockystructure62粒狀結(jié)構(gòu)granularstructure63柱狀結(jié)構(gòu)columnarstructure64棱狀結(jié)構(gòu)prismaticstructure65片狀結(jié)構(gòu)platystructure66土壤結(jié)構(gòu)度soilstructuregrade67大結(jié)構(gòu)macrostructure68微結(jié)構(gòu)microstructure69團聚體aggregate70大團聚體macroaggregate71微團聚體microaggregate72原生顆粒primaryparticle73次生顆粒secondaryparticle74結(jié)構(gòu)單位structureunit75結(jié)構(gòu)剖面structureprofile76原狀土undisturbedsoil77結(jié)殼crust78穩(wěn)定性團聚體stableaggregate79水穩(wěn)性團聚體waterstableaggregate80力穩(wěn)性團聚體mechanicalstableaggregate81非穩(wěn)定性團聚體instableaggregate82團聚體消散aggregateslaking83團聚體崩解aggregatedisintegratin84結(jié)構(gòu)退化structuredegradation85結(jié)構(gòu)指標(biāo)structureindex86分散系數(shù)dispersivecofficient87結(jié)構(gòu)系數(shù)structurecoefficient88破裂系數(shù)rupturemodulus89土壤改良劑soilamendment90土壤結(jié)構(gòu)改良劑soilconditioner91土壤比表面soilspecificsurfacearea92內(nèi)表面internalsurfacearea93外表面externalsurfacearea4土壤密度soildensity95土粒密度soilparticledensity96孔徑分布pore-sizedistribution97土壤孔隙soilporespace98土壤孔隙度soilporosity99當(dāng)量孔隙equivalentpore00充氣孔隙airfilledpore01持水孔隙vater-holdingproe02團聚體內(nèi)孔隙intra-aggregatepore03團聚體間孔隙inter-aggregatepore004通氣孔隙度airporosity,aerationporosity05持水孔隙度water-holdingporosity06土壤比容soilspecificvolume07浸水土壤密度waterimmersedsoildensity08孔隙比porespaceratio09曲率tortuosity10土壤水[分]soilwater11土壤水形態(tài)soilwaterform12土壤固態(tài)水soilwaterinsolidphase13土壤液態(tài)水soilwaterinliquidphase14土壤氣態(tài)水soilwaterinvaporphase115束縛水confinedwater116薄膜水filmwater117觸點水pendularwater18毛管水capillarywater19毛管凝結(jié)水capillarycondensationwater20毛管懸著水capillarysuspendingwater21毛管支持水capillarysupportingwater22重力水gravitationalwater23吸濕水hygroscopicwater24最大吸濕量maximumhygroscopicity25土壤水[分]常數(shù)soilwaterconstant26飽和含水量saturatedwatercontent27田間持水量fieldcapacity干土質(zhì)量或容積的百分量表示。28萎蔫含水量wiltingpoint29土壤含水量soilwatercontent30絕對含水量absolutewatercontent31相對含水量relativewatercontent32質(zhì)量含水量masswatercontent33體積含水量volumetricwatercontent34土壤水[分]狀況soilwaterregime35風(fēng)干土air-drysoil136烘干土oven-drysoil137土壤水能態(tài)energystateofsoilwater38土水勢soilwaterpotential。39基質(zhì)勢matricpotential40重力勢gravitationalpotential41滲透勢osmoticpotential42壓力勢pressurepotential43總勢totalpotential44水力勢hydraulicpotential5土壤[水]吸力soilwatersuction46基質(zhì)吸力matricsuction47滲透吸力osmoticsuction48土壤水[分]特征曲線soilwatercharacteristiccurve03.149脫水曲線waterdesorptioncurve50吸水曲線watersorptioncurve51土壤水[分]滯后現(xiàn)象soilwaterhysteresis52進氣吸力值valueofair-entrysuction53比水容量specificwatercapacity54張力計tensiometer155土壤水流soilwaterflow。156土壤飽和水流saturatedsoilwaterflow157土壤非飽和水流unsaturatedsoilwaterflow。158穩(wěn)態(tài)水流steadystatewaterflow059非穩(wěn)態(tài)水流nonsteadystatewaterflow160優(yōu)先流preferentialflow061毛管水活動帶zoneofcapillaryflow62毛管邊緣capillaryfringe63毛管鋒capillaryfront064勢毛管運動thermalcapillarymovement165薄膜運動filmmovement66水汽運動vapormovement67土壤水[分]擴散率soilwaterdiffusivity068土壤導(dǎo)水率soilhydraulicconductivity069飽和導(dǎo)水率saturatedhydraulicconductivity0170非飽和導(dǎo)水率unsaturatedhydraulicconductivity071水勢梯度waterpotentialgradient72濕度梯度moisturegradient073水力梯度hydraulicgradient074吸力梯度suctiongradient75達(dá)西定律Darcy'slaw176水通量waterflux177水通量密度waterfluxdensity178溶質(zhì)運移solutetransfer179溶質(zhì)對流soluteconvection180溶質(zhì)擴散solutediffusion81溶質(zhì)彌散solutedispersion82擴散－彌散diffusion-dispersion183擴散系數(shù)diffusioncoefficient85擴散－彌散系數(shù)diffusion-dispersioncoefficient86混合置換miscibledisplacement87水[文]循環(huán)hydrologiccycle88土壤水平衡soilwaterbalance89降水precipitation90有效降水effectiveprecipitation91土壤水入滲soilwaterinfiltration192側(cè)滲lateralseepage93滲濾percolation94滲濾率percolationrate095入滲通量infiltrationflux96初始入滲率initialinfiltrationrate97穩(wěn)定入滲率stableinfiltrationrate098內(nèi)通透性intrinsicpermeability。039濕潤鋒wettingfront00土壤水[分]再分布soilwaterredistribution001空間變異spatialvariability02土壤排水soildrainage003地面排水surfacedrainage004地下排水undergrounddrainage005暗管排水tiledrainage006明溝排水ditchdrainage007透水層permeablelayer008不透水層impermeablelayer039臨界水位criticalgroundwatertable030蓄水層waterstoragelayer031漬水waterlogging032淹水waterflooding013滲濾水采集器lysimeter014土壤水[分]蒸發(fā)soilwaterevaporation015土壤水汽擴散soilvapordiffusion016土壤潛在蒸發(fā)soilpotentialevaporation017蒸騰transpiration018蒸騰系數(shù)transpirationcoefficient019蒸散[作用]evapotranspiration020潛在蒸散potentialevapotranspiration。021實際蒸散actualevapotranspiration022潛在蒸騰potentialtranspiration023相對蒸騰relativetranspiration024干燥度aridity025旱農(nóng)drylandfarming026雨養(yǎng)農(nóng)業(yè)rainfedfarming027水分脅迫waterstress28土壤―植物―大氣連續(xù)體soil-plant-atmospherecontinuum,SPAC029主動吸收[水分]activeuptake[water]030被動吸收[水分]passiveuptake[water]。031有效水a(chǎn)vailablewater032灌溉irrigation33灌溉效益irrigationefficiency034節(jié)水灌溉watersavingirrigation035節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)watersavingagriculture236土壤空氣狀況soilairregime.237土壤空氣soilair.238土壤空氣容量soilaircapacity。039土壤空氣組成soilaircomposition040土壤通氣性soilaeration041土壤通透性042土壤空氣交換soilairexchange043土壤空氣擴散soilairdiffusion044土壤空氣擴散系數(shù)diffusioncoefficientofsoilair045土壤空氣相對擴散系數(shù)relativediffusioncoefficientofsoilair.246氣通量airflux7氧擴散率oxygendiffusionrate,ODR48土壤呼吸soilrespiration49土壤呼吸強度intensityofsoilrespiration50呼吸商RQ-respiratoryquotient51土壤溫度soiltemperature52土壤溫度狀況soiltemperatureregime53土壤溫度梯度soiltemperaturegradient54土壤熱soilheat55土壤熱狀況soilheatregime,soilthermalregime56土壤熱交換soilheatexchange,soilthermalexchange57土壤熱容量soilheatcapacity,soilthermalcapacity58質(zhì)量熱容量massheatcapacity9容積熱容量volumeheatcapacity0土壤熱傳導(dǎo)soilheatconduction,soilthermalconduction1濕潤熱wettingheat2導(dǎo)熱率heatconductivity,thermalconductivity。63土壤熱擴散率soilheatdiffusivity,soilthermaldiffusivity4土壤熱流soilheatflow03.5土壤熱平衡soilheatbalance,soilthermalbalance0熱通量密度heatfluxdensity37土[壤]力學(xué)soilmechanics268土[壤]動力學(xué)性質(zhì)dynamicpropertyofsoil269耕作動力學(xué)tillagedynamics270土壤結(jié)持度soilconsistency71土壤結(jié)持性soilconsistence73流限liquidlimit。74塑限plasticlimit275塑性距plasticityrange76可塑性plasticity7塑性指數(shù)plasticindex78塑性流定律lawofplasticflow279土壤黏度soilviscosity280土壤表觀黏度soilapparentviscosity.281黏著點stickypoint82土壤流變學(xué)soilrheology83土壤黏著力soiladhesion284土壤黏結(jié)力soilcohesion285黏粒活度activityofclay286土壤變形soildeformation287土壤剪切soilshear288剪切強度shearstrength.289剪切應(yīng)力shearstress90抗拉強度tensilestrength091土壤摩擦[力]soilfriction2土壤膨脹soilswelling,soilexpansion.293線脹系數(shù)coefficientoflinearextensibility,COLE294土壤膨脹壓soilswellingpressure95土壤膨脹指數(shù)soilswellingindex296土壤收縮soilshrinkage97結(jié)構(gòu)收縮structureshrinkage。298常態(tài)收縮normalshrinkage.299剩余收縮residualshrinkage0土壤壓縮soilcompression03.301土壤壓縮指數(shù)soilcompressionindex03.302土壤可壓縮收soilcompressibility003土壤固結(jié)soilconsolidation004超固結(jié)overconsolidation005土壤強度soilstrength06土壤堅實度soilhardness307土壤穿入阻力soilpenetrationresistance308錐形指數(shù)coneindex309錐形穿入計conepentrometer310土壤壓實soilcompaction311土壤比阻soilspecificresistance312土壤黏閉soilpuddling313臨界荷載點criticalbearingpoint14可耕性tillability.315土塊clod16土塊分布cloddistribution317土壤電磁性soilelectromagnetism18土壤電性soilelectricity319土壤自然電場soilnaturalelectricfield320土壤電阻soilelectricresistance21土壤磁性soilmagnetism322土壤磁化率soilmagneticsusceptibility323土壤飽和磁化強度soilsaturatedmagnetization324土壤剩磁soilresidualmagnetizability325土壤反磁質(zhì)soildiamagneticsubstance326土壤順磁質(zhì)soilparamagneticsubstance327土壤鐵磁質(zhì)soilferromagneticsubstance001土壤礦物化學(xué)soilmineralchemistry02土壤腐殖質(zhì)化學(xué)soilhumuschemistry003土壤物理化學(xué)soilphysicalchemistry004土壤膠體化學(xué)soilcolloidchemistry005土壤表面化學(xué)soilsurfacechemistry006土壤電化學(xué)soilelectrochemistry007土壤溶液化學(xué)soilsolutionchemistry008土壤養(yǎng)分化學(xué)soilnutrientchemistry009土壤污染化學(xué)soilpollutionchemistry010土壤礦物soilmineral011[土壤]原生礦物soilprimarymineral12[土壤]次生礦物soilsecondarymineral13鋁硅酸鹽aluminosilicate14層狀硅酸鹽phyllosilicate,layersilicate15黏土礦物claymineral16黏粒礦物clay-sizedmineral7間層黏土礦物interstratifiedclaymineral8結(jié)晶礦物crystallinemineal19非晶物質(zhì)noncrystallinematerial020四面體片tetrahedralsheet021八面體片octahedralsheet022二八面體片dioctahedralsheet.023三八面體片trioctahedralsheet024單元晶層unitlayer11型礦物11typemineral21型礦物21typemineral027底面間距basalspacing28同晶置換ismorphoussubstitution29高嶺石kaolinite30埃洛石halloysite31蒙皂石smectite32蒙脫石montomorillonite33貝得石beidellite34綠脫石nontronite35蛭石vermiculite36綠泥石chlorite37過渡礦物intergradient