Unit2MoralsandVirtuesPeriod3Discoveringusefulstructures①課前自主預(yù)習(xí)Ⅲ.預(yù)備語(yǔ)法指出下面各句畫線部分所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?．Beingateacher，youshouldhelpyourstudentsineveryway.()2．Wewatchedthethreeboyssharingtheirfoodwitheachother.()

原因狀語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)3．Hediedfromasuddentrafficaccident，leavingtheexperimenthalf-done．()4．Whenwereturnedtotheschool，wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.()結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)5．ListeningtoEnglisheveryday，youwilllearnitwellstepbystep.()6．Seeingmyparentswavinginthecrowd，Iwentrunningtothem.()條件狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)7．Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsuchalongtime.()8．Thestudentsenteredtheclassroom，followingtheirEnglishteacher．()賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)伴隨狀語(yǔ)突破語(yǔ)法觀察領(lǐng)悟【例句觀察】①ThenewPeople’sRepublicofChinasawDrLinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.②Thinkingofallthepeoplestillinneedofhelp，DrLinopenedaprivateclinic.③ThoughLinQiaozhinevermarried，shewasknownasthe“motheroftenthousandbabies”，havingdeliveredover50，000babiesinherlifetime.【我的領(lǐng)悟】1．句①中的playing在句中作____________；2．句②中的Thinking在句中作______________；3．句③中的havingdelivered在句中作_______________，havingdone屬于________式。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)完成動(dòng)詞-ing形式(2)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)一、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)可以修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子，表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明等。該用法也是歷年高考中對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考查最頻繁的內(nèi)容。1．表示時(shí)間動(dòng)詞-ing形式作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Speakingofallthebooksshehaswritten，Ithinkthisisprobablythebest-knownone.談到她所寫的所有書，我認(rèn)為這可能是最出名的一本。(＝WhenIspeakof…)2．表示原因表示原因的動(dòng)詞-ing形式一般置于句首，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。HavinglivedinJinanforyears，Ialmostknoweveryplacequitewell.(＝BecauseIhavelived…)在濟(jì)南住過(guò)多年，我?guī)缀鯇?duì)每個(gè)地方都很熟悉。Notrealisingthathewasingreatdanger，Ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest.(＝Sincehedidnotrealisethat…)由于沒(méi)有意識(shí)到身處險(xiǎn)境，埃里克一步步向森林深處走去。3．表示結(jié)果動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)表示結(jié)果，可擴(kuò)展為一個(gè)含有并列謂語(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)單句。Chinahasapopulationofmorethan1.4billion，makingitthelargestcountryintheworldbypopulation.(＝…andthismakesit…)中國(guó)有14億多人口，這使得它成了世界上人口最多的國(guó)家。4．表示條件動(dòng)詞-ing形式作條件狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。Openingthewindow，youwillseethegardenbelow.(＝Ifyouopenthewindow…)打開(kāi)窗戶，你就能看見(jiàn)下面的花園。5．表示讓步動(dòng)詞-ing形式作讓步狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Admittingwhatyousay，Istillthinkyouarewrong.(＝ThoughIadmitwhatyousay…)雖然我承認(rèn)你所說(shuō)的話，但我仍然認(rèn)為你錯(cuò)了。6．表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，常放在句末，可以擴(kuò)展成一個(gè)并列成分。Hewaswalkingalongthestreet，lookingthiswayandthat.(＝…andlookingthiswayandthat.)他左顧右盼地在街上走著。Somegirlssattherelaughingandchatting.(＝…andlaughedandchatted.)幾個(gè)女孩在那邊坐著，又說(shuō)又笑。7．修飾形容詞有少數(shù)動(dòng)詞-ing形式常放在某些形容詞前面，起副詞的作用，意思是“極”或“非常”，表示其程度或狀態(tài)。Itwasfreezing/bitingcoldthatday.那天天氣很冷。8．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作插入語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式可在句中作獨(dú)立成分，表明說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度。Properlyspeaking，awhaleisnotafish.準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)，鯨并非魚類。※【拓展提升】1．非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，如所提供的動(dòng)詞不能和句子中的主語(yǔ)保持一致，動(dòng)詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，通常由名詞或代詞來(lái)?yè)?dān)任，這就是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。Thelastbushavinggone，wehadtowalkhome.(havinggone的邏輯主語(yǔ)是thelastbus，而不是we)末班車已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了，我們不得不走回家。Weatherpermitting，thefootballmatchwillbeplayedonFriday.(permitting的邏輯主語(yǔ)是weather，而不是thefootballmatch)天氣允許的話，足球賽將在周五舉行。2．現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)的完成式形式為havingdone，表示有時(shí)間先后順序，現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，如需要表示否定，直接在having前加上not。Havingfinishedhomework，hewentouttoplaybasketball.做完了作業(yè)，他出去打籃球了。二、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，主要是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，和賓語(yǔ)之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行，常用在catch，feel，find，have，hear，keep，set，observe，see，watch等動(dòng)詞后。Themanwasfiredbecausehehadbeenfoundsmokinginthekitchen.那個(gè)人被解雇了，因?yàn)樗话l(fā)現(xiàn)在廚房里吸煙。Let’shurryup.Don’tkeepthemwaiting.咱們快一點(diǎn)，不要讓他們等了。※【拓展提升】在see，watch，hear，observe，lookat，notice，feel等動(dòng)詞后，如果表示經(jīng)常性的或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，要用不帶to的不定式。Isawhimbreakintothehouse.我看見(jiàn)他闖入了那幢房子。□追蹤練習(xí)Ⅰ.指出句中畫線部分是哪類非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，作何成分1．Beingbusy，hedidn’tgototheconcertyesterday.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞種類：____________所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑篲_____________現(xiàn)在分詞原因狀語(yǔ)2．Thefirelastednearlyamonth，leavingnothingvaluable.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞種類：____________所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑篲_____________3．Seeingtheperformance，shenoddedfromtimetotime.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞種類：____________所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑篲_____________現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)4．WhenIturnedaround，Isawhimapproachingmewithhiswalkingstick.(1)approaching非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞種類：________________所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑篲_____________(2)walking非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞種類：______________所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑篲_____________現(xiàn)在分詞賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞定語(yǔ)5．Theladyblamedthenaughtyboycaughtpickingflowersinhergardenandlethimoff.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞種類：____________所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑篲_____________現(xiàn)在分詞賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)6．Inordertofinishit，hehadalltheworkerspaintinghisbighouseallthedayandnight.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞種類：____________所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑篲_____________現(xiàn)在分詞賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．________(turn)totheright，youwillfindthehouseyouarelookingfor.2．________(admire)Chinesepaintings，SallyhascometoChinatolearnhowtopaint.3．AMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmoke________(rise)fromasmallpartofhisland.TurningAdmiringrising4．Hekeptthecandle________(burn)allthenights.5．________(know)allthis，theymademepayforthedamage.burningKnowing補(bǔ)充練習(xí)1.1)WhenI_________(see)theschoolfromtheheight,Ifounditmorebeautiful.2)When______(see)ourschoolfromtheheight,Ifounditmorebeautiful.

3)______(see)ourschoolfromtheheight,Ifounditmorebeautiful.4)______(see)fromtheheight,ourschoolismorebeautiful.

saw

SeenseeingSeeing2.1）Hepassedtheexam,_______(make)hisparentsveryhappy.2）Hepassedtheexam,which______(make)hisparentsveryhappy.3）Hehurriedtothebusstation,only______(find)thebushadleft.

making自然而然結(jié)果，其邏輯主語(yǔ)往往是前面整個(gè)句子所描述的情況，前面有時(shí)候可以加thus。madetofindonlytodo表示出乎意料的結(jié)果3.1)_____________(finish)homework,hewentouttoplaybasketball.2)_________________(tend)forhalfayear,myfatherbecamefarbetter.3)___________(walk)inthestreet,Imetmyoldfriend.注意：V-ing的一般式（doing）所表示的動(dòng)作通常和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，沒(méi)有明顯先后順序。V-ing的完成式（havingdone）所表示的動(dòng)作通常在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生。HavingfinishedHavingbeentendedhavingdone→havingbeendoneWalking4.When

(ask)abouttheaccident,hesaidnothing.5.Weather

(permit),we’llgohikingtomorrowmorning.6.Theytalked,laughedandtotally

(ignore)others.7.Withtime_______(go)by,hefellinlovewithsinging.8.Hefelthisheart

(puond)violentlywhenitwashisturntogiveaspeech.9.1)_________(face)withdifficultsituation,Lucydecidedtoaskhisteacherforadvice.2)__________(face)difficultsituation,Lucydecidedtoaskhisteacherforadvice.askedpermittingignoredgoingpoudingFacedFacingMr.Whiteisakind-heartedman1._______(live)inastonecottage2._______(locate)ontheedgeofthewoods.Heenjoys3._________(help)th