專題06閱讀理解C篇

（一）

（2024年楊浦區區一模）

InmemoryofEleanor

-awoman

[1]EleanorLowenthal-mygrandmother-indesperateneedofincometoputherhusbandthroughgraduate

school,walkedintotheHarvardMuseumofComparativeZoology.There,sheconvincedthescientiststhatshewas

theperfectpersontomount（安放）andcatalogtheirgrowingantcollection.

[2]Atthetime,apromisinggraduatestudentnamedE.O.Wilsonwascomingupinthedepartment.Wilson,

whopassedawayinDecember2021,wascalledthe"'fatherofbiodiversity^^.WhenEleanorjoinedthedepartment,

researcherswereracingtocollectandcatalogspecimens（標本）.AsWilsonshiftedresearchtowardssmaller,less

glamorousspeciesthatnonethelessheldecologicalsignificance,hesetthestageforconservationbiology.Behind

thescenes,technicianslikemygrandmotherpreservedthespecimenthatfurtheredWilson'sworkandcontinueto

providenewinsightsandopportunitiesforresearchersacrosstheglobe.

[3]Atthetime,hiringa21-year-oldwomanwhohaddroppedoutofartschoolwasasignificantgamble.It

paidoff.Eleanor'sjobasatechnicianrequiredthesamemanualflexibilityandcoordinationthatartschoolhad

demanded.Thejobrequiredhertoworkquickly,yetprecisely.Rushingcouldriskruiningararespecimen,but

EleanorcouldprocessantsasquicklyasWilsoncouldmailthembackfromhisexpeditionstoAustraliaandPapua

NewGuinea.Shesometimesmountedasmanyas200aday.

[4]Itwasn'tacoincidencethatEleanorfoundworkinentomology.Wilson'shigh-profileresearchonants

crackedanopeningforwomeninpreviouslymale-dominatedfieldofconservation,whichwascenteredaround

studyingbiggameinthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury.

[5]Evenwhenwomen'searlyworkhasbeencredited,thelanguageusedtodescribetheircontributionsoften

minimizedtheirroleintheteam,notmentioningthembyname.Arecentlydiscovereddepartmentreportincludes

linessuchas,“Alarqeamountofspreadingandsettinginsectswasdonebytheladyassistant,"and"The

collectionhasbeenremarkablyfreefrompests.??duetothecontinuouscareoftheladyassistant.”

[6]Thedepartmentnowfunctionslikealibrary（specimencanbeborrowedforstudyorexaminedonsite）,

andservesasatrainingcenterforthenextgenerationofscientistswhousethecollectioninwaysWilsonandmy

grandmotherprobablyneverimagined.

[7]Eleanordidn'trealizetheimpactofhercontributionatthetime-thetechnicianrolewasjustajobthat

paid$38aweek.Butshe'scometoappreciatethesignificanceofherworkonaprojectthatspanscenturies.uYou

canseehowitgoesfromoneeratoanother,"saysEleanor.tcIfssoimportanttohavethislibraryforpeopletomake

connectionsandnewdiscoveries.^^

63.Thefirsttwoparagraphswriteabout.

A.whyEleanorwaschosentobeanassistantforWilson

B.whatconvincedWilsonswitchtothestudyofants

C.howEleanor'sandWilson'scareerpathscrossed

D.whentechnicianslikeEleanorstartedtogethired

64.Whywerethelinesinthereportcitedinthefifthparagraph?

A.Toprovehowimportantwomen'searlyworkwas.

B.Toshowwomen'sroleatthetimewasnotfullyrecognized.

C.Togiveavividdescriptionofthenatureofwomen'swork.

D.Toteachthewisdomofwritinggoodsciencereports.

65.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Today'sresearchersarestillenjoyingthebenefitsofEleanor'swork.

B.Eleanorisnowworkingasasupervisorinthedepartment.

C.Newscientificdiscoveriesaretheresultsofcollectivewisdom.

D.Nobody'sworkisasimportantasEleanor'sinthedepartment.

66.Whichofthefollowingshouldbefilledinthetitle“InmemoryofEleanor—awoman"

A.whosestrugglemirroredthesocialchangesinthestatusofwomen

B.whoseworkwonherfameinthethenmale-dominatedfieldofconservation

C.whopioneeredauniqueantmanagementsystemattheHarvardMuseum

D.whoworkedbehindthesceneswithextraordinaryspeed,accuracyandartistry

【答案】63.C64.B65.A66.D

【導讀】這篇文章主要講述了一位名叫Eleanor的女性在哈佛大學比較動物學博物館工作的經歷。文章描述

了她如何通過自己的努力和才華成為一名技術員，為著名的生物多樣性研究者E.O.Wilson的工作做出重要

貢獻。同時，文章也提到了當時女性在這一領域的地位和作用，以及她們的貢獻經常被忽視的問題。最后，

文章指出了Eleanor的工作對科學研究的持久影響，以及她對這一工作的重要性的認識。

【解析】

63.C解析：第一段和第二段分別介紹了Eleanor和Wilson的背景和工作情況。當時，Eleanor以技術員的

身份加入了哈佛大學比較動物學博物館，而Wilson則是當時一個有前途的研究生。在Wilson轉向研究小型、

不那么引人注目但具有生態意義的物種時，Eleanor作為技術員負責保存標本，為Wilson的工作提供支持。

64.B解析：第五段引用了一個最近發現的部門報告，其中包括這樣的語句：“女助手做了大量的昆蟲攤開和

設置工作”，“由于女助手的持續關照，收藏品沒有受到害蟲的侵擾這些引用顯示了當時的報告中，并沒

有明確提到女性的名字，從而減少了她們在團隊中的作用。

65.A.當今的研究人員仍在享受Eleanor的工作帶來的好處。

解析：最后兩段提到，現在的部門功能類似于一個圖書館，年輕的科學家們在這里接受訓練，并利用收藏

品進行研究和發現。因此，可以推斷出當今的研究人員仍在從Eleanor的工作中受益。

66.D.她以非凡的速度、精確度和藝術性在幕后工作的女性

解析：根據文章內容，Eleanor是一位在哈佛大學比較動物學博物館工作的技術員。她工作迅速而準確地處

理標本，為Wilson的工作做出了重要貢獻。因此，D選項最符合描述Eleanor的特點。

（二）

（2024年黃浦區一模）

①Agroupof41statesandtheDistrictofColumbiabeganalegalcaseagainstMeta,theparentcompanyof

Facebook,Instagram,WhatsAppandMessenger,insistingthatthecompanyknowinglyusedfeaturesonits

platformstocausechildrentooverusethem.Theaccusationsinthelawsuitraiseadeeperquestionaboutbehavior:

Areyoungpeoplebecomingaddictedtosocialmediaandtheinternet?Here'swhattheresearchhasfound.

②DavidGreenfield,apsychologistandfounderoftheCenterforInternetandTechnologyAddictioninWest

Hartford,Conn.,saidthedevicestemptuserswithsomepowerfulapproaches.Oneis'"intermittentreinforcement,

whichcreatestheideathatausercouldgetarewardatanytime.Butwhentherewardcomesisunpredictable.

Adultsareeasilyinfluenced,henoted,butyoungpeopleareparticularlyatrisk,becausethebrainregionsthatare

involvedinresistingtemptationandrewardarenotnearlyasdevelopedinchildrenandteenagersasinadults.

Moreover,theadolescentbrainisespeciallyaccustomedtosocialconnections,and“socialmediaisallaperfect

opportunitytoconnectwithotherpeople.^^

(3)Formanyyears,thescientificcommunitytypicallydefinedaddictioninrelationtosubstances,suchasdrugs,

andnotbehaviors,suchasgamblingorinternetuse.Thathasgraduallychanged.In2013,theDiagnosticand

StatisticalManualofMentalDisorders,theofficialreferenceformentalhealthconditions,introducedtheideaof

internetgamingaddiction.

④Asubsequentstudyexploredbroadeningthedefinitionto'"internetaddiction.Theauthorsuggestedfurther

exploringdiagnosticcriteriaandthelanguage,forinstance,notingthattermslike"'problematicuse“andeventhe

word“internet“wereopentobroadinterpretation,giventhemanyformstheinformationanditsdeliverycantake.

⑤Dr.MichaelRich,thedirectoroftheDigitalWellnessLabatBostonChildren'sHospital,saidhe

discouragedtheuseoftheword“addiction“becausetheinternet,ifusedeffectivelyandwithlimits,wasnotmerely

usefulbutalsoessentialtoeverydaylife.

?Greenfieldagreedthatthereclearlyarevaluableusesfortheinternetandthatthedefinitionofhowmuchis

toomuchcanvary.Buthesaidtherealsowereobviouscaseswhereimmoderateusedisturbsschool,sleepand

othervitalaspectsofahealthylife.Toomanyyoungconsumers"can'tputitdown,^^hesaid."Theinternet,

includingsocialmedialikeMeta,arethedrugsaffectingthemind.^^

63.WhatwasMetaaccusedof?

A.Itaddedproblematicfeaturestoitsplatform.

B.Itstartedadiscussiontomisleadyoungpeople.

C.Ittemptedchildrentousesocialmediatoomuch.

D.Itconductedillegalresearchonitsparentcompany.

64.AccordingtoDavidGreenfield,userstendtobeaddictedtosocialmediaandtheinternetdueto.

A.theirunder-developedbrain

B.therandompatternofrewards

C.theirdesiretobesociallyconnected

D.thepossibilityofescapingfromreality

65.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutthestudyintroducedinParagraph4?

A.Addictionissomethingaboutbehaviorsinsteadofsubstances.

B.Theonlinelanguagecanbeinterpretedfromabroadperspective.

C.Currentdiagnosticcriteriaof'"internetaddiction"isn'tsatisfactory.

D.Thereshouldbeanagreementonthedefinitionoftheword"internet”.

66.Dr.MichaelRichandDavidGreenfieldbothagreethat.

A.properuseoftheinternetdoesgoodtochildren

B.theinternetistoblamefordisturbinghealthylife

C.therearecasesagainstimmoderateuseoftheinternet

D.theword"addiction“isimproperlyusedontheinternet

【答案】63.C64.B65.C66.A

【解析】

【導讀】這篇文章討論了社交媒體和互聯網使用對大腦的影響以及如何定義網癮。41個州和哥倫比亞特區

對Facebook>Instagram>WhatsApp和Messenger的母公司Meta提出了訴訟，稱該公司使用其平臺上的功

能引起兒童過度使用它們。本文還介紹了關于行為成癮的深層次問題，并探討了互聯網成癮的定義和標準。

63：C.Meta被指控什么？它引誘孩子過度使用社交媒體。據第一段第一句話“Agroupof41statesandthe

DistrictofColumbiabeganalegalcaseagainstMeta,theparentcompanyofFacebook,Instagram,WhatsAppand

Messenger,insistingthatthecompanyknowinglyusedfeaturesonitsplatformstocausechildrentooverusethem.^^

可知，Meta被指控使用平臺上的功能引起兒童過度使用它們，因此選擇C。

64：B.根據DavidGreenfield的說法，用戶往往會因為什么而沉迷于社交媒體和互聯網？隨機獎勵的模式。

根據第二段的第二句話“Oneis"'intermittentreinforcement,whichcreatestheideathatausercouldgetareward

atanytime.Butwhentherewardcomesisunpredictable.”可知，其中之一是“間歇性強化”，它創造了一個用戶

隨時可以獲得獎勵的想法。但是，獎勵何時到來是不可預測的。因此選擇B。

65：C.第4段介紹的研究有什么結論？當前“互聯網成癮”的診斷標準并不令人滿意。根據第四段的第一句

話“Formanyyears,thescientificcommunitytypicallydefinedaddictioninrelationtosubstances,suchasdrugs,

andnotbehaviors,suchasgamblingorinternetuse.Thathasgraduallychanged.”可知，多年來，科學界通常是將

成癮定義為與物質（如毒品）相關，而不是與行為（如賭博或互聯網使用）相關。但是，這種情況已經逐

漸改變。因此選擇A。接著，文章講到2013年，精神疾病診斷和統計手冊（DSM-5）引入了“互聯網游戲成

癮”的概念。作者建議進一步探索診斷標準和語言，例如注意到術語“問題使用”甚至“互聯網”這樣的單詞在

廣泛解釋的情況下，考慮到信息及其傳遞的許多形式。因此本題答案選C。

66：A.MichaelRich博士和DavidGreenfield都認為。適當使用互聯網對孩子有益。根據第五

段的第一句話“Dr.MichaelRich,thedirectoroftheDigitalWellnessLabatBostonChildren'sHospital,saidhe

discouragedtheuseoftheword"addiction“becausetheinternet,ifusedeffectivelyandwithlimits,wasnotmerely

usefulbutalsoessentialtoeverydaylifb.”和第六段的第一句話“Greenfieldagreedthatthereclearlyarevaluable

usesfortheinternetandthatthedefinitionofhowmuchistoomuchcanvary.“可知，兩位專家都認為適當使用互

聯網對孩子有益。因此選擇A。

（三）

（2024年長寧區一模）

WhenIvolunteeredasasocialworkeratadomesticviolenceshelterinadevelopingcountry,Iimaginedthe

positionforwhichmyuniversityexperiencehadpreparedme.Iimaginedconductingintakeinterviewsandwalking

aroundfromorganizationtoorganizationseekingsupportthatthewomenwouldneedtorebuildtheirlives.WhenI

arrived,IfeltasifIalreadyhadmonthsofexperience,experiencegainedinthehypotheticalsituationsIhad

inventedandsubsequentlyresolvedsingle-handedly.IfeltthoroughlypreparedtotacklethesituationIassumed

waswaitingforme.

Iarrivedfullofzeal.Withinmoments,myrealitymadeasharpbreakfromwhichIhadexpected.The

coordinatorexplainedthattheshelter'sneedforfinancialself-sufficiencyhadbecomeobvious.Toaddressthis,the

centerwasplanningtoopenabakery.Iimmediatelyenthusedabouttheproject,makingmanyreferencestothe

smallenterprisecasestudiesIhadresearchedattheuniversity.Inresponsetomyimpassionedreply,the

coordinatordeclaredmeinchargeofthebakery.Atthatmoment,IwasaspreparedtobakebreadasIwastorunfor

politicaloffice.Thebiggerproblem,however,wasthatIwascompletelyunfamiliarwiththefor-profitbusiness

modelsnecessarytorunthebakery.Iwasoutofmydepthinaforeignriverwithonlymycoordinator'sconfidence

tokeepmeafloat.

Theysaythatnecessityisthemotherofinvention.Ibeganfindingrecipesandusingtheexpertiseoffriends.

Withtheirhelpmakingbread,printingleafletsandmakingcontacts,thebakerywassoonrunningsuccessfully.

Afterashorttimeitbecameasignificantsourceofincomeforthehouse.

Inadditiontofunds,bakingbreadprovidedanaturalenvironmenttoworkwithandgettoknowthewomenof

theshelter.Kneadingdough（揉面團）sidebyside,Isharedinthefriendlyatmosphereofthekitchen,treatedto

storiesabouttheirchildrenandthetownsandjobstheyhadtoleavebehindtoensuretheirsafety.Bakinghelped

medevelopstrongrelationshipswiththewomenandadvancedmyunderstandingoftheirsituations.Italso

improvedthewomen5sself-esteem.Theirabilitytomasteranewskillgavethemconfidenceinthemselves,andthe

factthatthebakerycontributedtotheupkeepofthehousegavethewomenasenseofprideandtheconfidencethat

theyhadthecapabilitytosupportthemselves.

BakinggavemetheopportunitytoworkinacapacityIhadnotatallexpected,butonethatprovedvery

successful.Learningtobakegavemeasmuchnewfoundself-confidenceasitgavethewomen,andIfoundthat

sometimesqualitysocialworkcanbeassimpleaskneadingdough.

63.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageistoshowhowtheauthor.

A.wasshockedbythereality

B.broadenedthescopeofherwork

C.developedherabilitiestorunafor-profitenterprise

D.handledatoughsituationinadevelopingcountry

64.Thestatementthattheauthorarrived"'fullofzeaF,indicatesthatshewas.

A.anxiousandinsecure

B.confidentbutuninformed

C.eagerandinterestedD.

enthusiasticbutincompetent

65.Whywastheauthorinitiallyenthusiasticabouttheideaofthebakery?

A.Sheconsidereditfromatheoreticalpointofview.

B.Shehopedtogetaleadershippositioninthebakery.

C.Shewantedtoshowherbakingskillstohernewcoordinator.

D.Shebelieveditisagoodwaytoraisewomen'sself-esteem.

66.Whatdidthelastsentence(4"Learning...dough^^)indicate?

A.Theauthorunderestimatedherabilitiestolearnnewskills.

B.Theauthorderivedbenefitfromherworkbyhelpingothers.

C.Theauthorlackedself-confidenceasmuchasthewomenworkingwithher.

D.Theauthorfoundperformingsocialworksurprisinglyeasywithnoeducation.

【答案】63.B64.C65.A66.B

【導讀】這篇文章講述了作者在一個發展中國家的家庭暴力庇護所的工作經歷。盡管最初她期望從事入職

面試等工作，但最終她負責了一家面包店，拓寬了她在庇護所的工作范圍。作者充滿熱情并且通過幫助他

人獲得了好處。

63.B.文章主要講述了作者在一個發展中國家的家庭暴力庇護所做的工作。她本來想做的是入職面試之類的

工作，但最終卻負責了一家面包店，這拓寬了她的工作范圍。

64.C."fiillofzeal”表示作者充滿熱情，但并不知情，因此她是充滿信心但是沒有信息的。

65.A.作者因為自己曾經研究過小型企業案例，因此對這個想法充滿了熱情。

66.B.最后一句話表明了作者通過幫助他人而從她的工作中獲得了好處。

（四）

（2024年徐匯區一模）

ZionNationalParkinUtahhasplentyoftrails,butAngelsLandingmaybethemostbreathtaking.Picturethis.

Youbeginthehikeonthewideandwell-maintainedWestRimTrail.Itfollowstheriverandthencrossesthebottom

ofthecanyon,surroundedby270-million-year-oldlayersofrock.Relaxing,right?Justwaitforit.Thetrailthenstarts

toclimbviaaseriesofswitchbacks（急轉彎）leadingupthesideofthemountain.Thenmoreswitchbacks:21tighter

turns,called“Walter'sWiggles,“whereelevationlevelsrapidlyincrease.Yourheartbeatisprobablyrapidly

increasingatthispoint,too.

OntopofWalter'sWiggles,youcanstopforastunningview（perhapswithamarriageproposal）andarestroom

stopwhileyoucontemplate（仔名田考慮）thefinalstretchofthehike.Ifyou'reafraidofheights,it'sbesttoturnback

now.Thelaststretchistherealtestofbravery.

Thelasthalfmileofthehikeiswhatreallyranksitasoneofthenation,smostdangerous.AngelsLandingitself

isafin-likeformationjutting（突出）1,500feetoutofthecanyon,andthisiswhereyoumakethefinal500-footclimb.

Guardrailsandchainsbolted（拴住）intothecliffhelpyoukeepfromtumblingovertheextremelysteepledge.You're

literallylivingontheedge,andyoudon'twanttotrustthe“angels“downtheretocatchyou.Onceyoureachthetop,

however,it'llallbeworthit:360-degreeviewsofthecanyonmakeagreatbackdropforkickingbackandhavinga

mealbeforeyoucomebackdownthewayyoucame.

AngelsLandingmightbedangerous,butthankfully,nottoomanypeoplehavehadfatalfalls.Accordingto

theparkwebsite,sevenpeoplehavediedinthe100yearstheparkhasexisted.Still,thisisaveryvigoroushike.If

you'reoutofshape,bringingyoungchildrenalong,feelillorpronetofainting,orarejustplainafraidofheights,opt

foraneasiertrail.

AngefsLandingisagreath汰eformostoftheyear,besidesthecoldwintermonthswhenthetrailscould

becomedangerouslyslippery.Summeristhemostpopulartimeofyear-andthereforethemostcrowded-butit

canalsogetextremelyhot,sooptforanearlymorninghikewhilethetemperaturesarestillmild.

Sure,it'sdangerous,butthere5sareasonthisisoneofZion'smostpopularhikes.Ifyou'reupforthechallenge,

AngelsLandingwilldefinitelydeliverrewards.

ThisarticlefirstappearedonC.

63.Whatgeologicalfeaturesurroundsthehikerduringtheinitialpartofthehike?

A.Plentyoftrailsinthepark.B.MountainPeaks.

C.27O-million-year-oldlayersofrock.D.GrassMeadows.

64.WhatisthemainattractionandappealofAngelsLanding?

A.Thechallenginghikewithswitchbacks.

B.The360-degreeviewsofthecanyon.

C.Thewell-maintainedWestRimTrail.

D.Therivercrossingandrockformations.

65.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Ifatouristisafraidofheights,ifsbesttoturnbackontoAngelsLanding.

B.Sevenpeoplehavediedsofarduetoslipperytrailsinwinter.

C.BringingyoungkidsalongtoclimbontoAngelsLandingwillbeappreciated.

D.Takingabreakwiththeviewsofthecanyonasbackgroundisabsolutelyworththetrip.

66.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.UnveilingtheHiddenBeauty:ExploringZionNationalPark'sTrails

B.Zion'sUltimateThrill:TheAdrenaline-PumpingAngelsLandingExpedition

C.ChasingHeights:AngelsLandingAdventureinUtah'sZionNationalPark

D.AngelsLanding:ConqueringUtah'sBreathtakingandDaringHikeinZionNationalPark

【答案】63.C64.B65.D66.D

【解析】

【導語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了Zion國家公園AngelsLanding路段有令人驚嘆的美景，且該路段

比較危險，在此徒步旅行，將會是一次大膽且非常有活力的經歷。

[63題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第——段中"Youbeginthehikeonthewideandwell-maintainedWestRimTrail.Itfollowsthe

riverandthencrossesthebottomofthecanyon,surroundedby270-million-year-oldlayersofrock.（你開始在寬闊

和維護良好的西部邊緣小徑徒步旅行。它沿著河流，然后穿過峽谷底部，被2.7億年前的巖層包圍著。）”

可知，在徒步旅行的最初路段，2.7億年前的巖層包圍著徒步旅行者，故選C。

【64題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第三段中“Onceyoureachthetop,however,it'llallbeworthit:360-degreeviewsofthe

canyonmakeagreatbackdropforkickingbackandhavingamealbeforeyoucomebackdownthewayyou

came.（然而，一旦你到達了山頂，這一切都是值得的：360度的峽谷景色為你在回來之前放松身心、吃頓飯

提供了絕佳的背景。）”可知，AngelsLanding最吸引人的是360度的峽谷景色，故選B。

[65題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第三段中"Onceyoureachthetop,however,it'llallbeworthit:360-degreeviewsofthe

canyonmakeagreatbackdropforkickingbackandhavingamealbeforeyoucomebackdownthewayyou

came.（然而，一旦你到達了山頂，這一切都是值得的：360度的峽谷景色為你在回來之前放松身心、吃頓飯

提供了絕佳的背景。）”可知，以峽谷的景色作為背景休息一下絕對值得一游，D正確。故選D。

[66題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中"ZionNationalParkinUtahhasplentyoftrails,butAngelsLanding

maybethemostbreathtaking.（猶他州的揚安國家公園有很多路徑，但是AngelsLanding可能是最令人激動的。）”

可知，文章主要介紹了Zion國家公園AngelsLanding路段有令人驚嘆的美景，且該路段比較危險，在此徒

步旅行，將會是一次大膽且非常有活力的經歷，D“AngelsLanding：在錫安國家公園征服猶他州的驚險徒

步”。故選D。

（五）

（2024年閔行區一模）

HowtoRecruit（招聘）withSofterSkillsinMind

Softskillsmattertoemployers.Ananalysisofalmost5000jobdescriptionsshowedcompanieshaveshifted

awayfromemphasizingfinancialandoperationalskillstowardssocialskills——anabilitytolisten,reflect,

communicateandempathise（共情）.

Thetroubleisthatsoftskillsarehardtomeasure.Worsestill,theconventionalprocessforrecruitingpeopleis

oftenbetteratrecognizingotherqualities.Theearlyphasesofrecruitmentfbcusonscreeningcandidatesbasedon

theirexperiencesandhardskills,criteriathatareeasiesttoassessremotely.Thelaterphases,whencandidatesand

employersengageinactualconversation,arebettersuitedtoassessinganapplicanfssofterskills.Thinkofhow

fundamentallyunsocialthesituationis!Candidatesareexpectedtotalk,notlisten;toimpress,notempathise.

Structuredinterviewscriptsenablelike-for-likecomparisonsbuttheyalsolimitthespacefornaturalness.

Tworecentstudiesofwhatmakesforagoodteammemberagreeonwhatmightbedescribedasanabilitytoread

theroom.Oneresearchfoundpeoplewhocanaccuratelyjudgethelevelofinfluenceheldbyvariousteammembers

possessamagicpowercalled“statusacuity”.Suchroom-readersreducegroupconflictandenhanceteam

performance.Theyaccordinglydesignedatest,inwhichparticipantswatchedavideoofagroupperformingatask.

Theparticipantsthenratedmembersofthegroupbasedonhowmuchrespecteachwasperceivedtohold.People

whoseratingswereclosesttotheassessmentsoftheteammembersthemselveshadthequalityofstatusacuity.

Theotherstudyfoundthatcertainindividualsconsistentlymadetheirgroupsperformbetterthanexpected.Such

peoplearegenuineteamplayers,capableofmakingthewholegreaterthanthesumoftheparts.Thesewonderful

creaturesdidnotstandoutfromtheirpeersonIQtests.Buttheydidsignificantlybetteronthe“ReadingtheMindin

theEyes"test,anassessmentinwhichparticipantsareshownpicturesofvariousfacialexpressionsandthenhaveto

pickthewordthatbestdescribeswhateachpersonisfeeling.

Bettertestsarenottheonlywaytogathermoreinformationaboutsoftskills.Don?tjusthavepeoplehigherup

thefoodchainaskinterviewquestions.Askthepeoplewhointeractcasuallywithapplicants,fromtheassistantsto

thereceptionists,whattheythoughtofthem.

Undeniably,peoplemaysucceedinfakingtheirwaythroughtheprocess.Andtheremaybemoreroomfor

interviewers5prejudicetoemerge.Findingsomeoneannoyingmaybeasignalthatsomeonelackssocialskills.Butit

mayalsomeanthattheyarenervousorthatinterviewersarebad-tempered.Recruitmentissettochangeandis

unlikelytobecomelesschallenging.

43.Whatmakestherecentrecruitmentprocessdistinctfromthetraditionalone?

A.Prioritizationofsoftskills.

B.Focusonascreeningmethod.

C.Dependenceonstructuredinterviewscripts.

D.Emphasisuponfinancialandoperationalskills.

44.Accordingtothethirdandfourthparagraph,apersonwiththeabilitytoreadtheroomiscapableof.

A.adjustingone'sbehaviororattitudeswiftlytofitthecontext

B.understandingtheindividual'sperspectivetorespondappropriately

C.resolvinggroupconflictorjudgingfacialexpressionsinasituation

D.interpretingindividual'srolewithinateamortheirmood

45.Whatisthepurposeofthetwostudiesmentionedinthepassage?

A.Toidentifywaystoperfectstructuredinterviewscripts.

B.Todiscovershortcutsfortestingandidentifyingsoftskills.

C.Toexplorerecipesforcultivatingaqualifiedteammember.

D.Tointroducemethodsofimprovingcandidates9non-technicalskills.

46.Whatcanbeimpliedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Integratingsoftskillsassessmentintoahiringprocesswon'tintroducesideeffects.

B.Employeesinlowerpositionsmayprovideuselessinsightsintoapplicants9softskills.

C.Interviewers9prejudicemayinfluencetheirfairassessmentsandperceptionsofcandidates.

D.Thereisnopossibilityofindividualssuccessfullydeceivingothersduringtheinterview.

【答案】43.A44.D45.B46.C

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何招聘具備軟技能的員工。

[43題詳解】

細節理解題。由文章第一段"Softskillsmattertoemployers.Ananalysisofalmost5000jobdescriptionsshowed

companieshaveshiftedawayfromemphasizingfinancialandoperationalskillstowardssocialskills——anabilityto

listen,reflect,communicateandempathise（共情）.（軟技能對雇主很重要。一項對近5000個職位描述的分析顯

示，公司已經從強調財務和操作技能轉向強調社交技能——一種傾聽、反思、溝通和同情的能力。）”可知，

優先考慮軟技能使最近的招聘過程不同于傳統的招聘過程。故選Ao

[44題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“Suchroom-readersreducegroupconflictandenhanceteamperformance.（這種閱

讀者減少了群體沖突，提高了團隊績效。）”和第三段中uPeoplewhoseratingswereclosesttotheassessments

oftheteammembersthemselveshadthequalityofstatusacuity.（在這項測試中，研究人員向參與者展示了各種

面部表情的圖片，然后要求他們選出最能描述每個人感受的詞。）”可知，有這種能力的人能夠解讀個人在

團隊中的角色或情緒。故選D。

[45題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章標題“HowtoRecruit（招聘）withSofterSkillsinMind（如何招聘具備軟技能的員工）”和

第五段中“Bettertestsarenottheonlywaytogathermoreinformationaboutsoftskills.（更好的測試并不是收集

更多軟技能信息的唯一方法可知,文章中提到的兩項研究的目的是發現測試和識別軟技能的快捷方式。

故選B。

【46題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章最后一段uUndeniably,peoplemaysucceedinfakingtheirwaythroughtheprocess.And

theremaybemoreroomforinterviewers9prejudicetoemerge.Findingsomeoneannoyingmaybeasignalthat

someonelackssocialskills.Butitmayalsomeanthattheyarenervousorthatinterviewersarebad-tempered.

Recruitmentissettochangeandisunlikelytobecomelesschallenging.（不可否認的是，人們可能會通過欺騙的

方式成功地通過這個過程。而且面試官的偏見可能會有更大的空間出現。發現某人令人討厭可能是一個缺

乏社交技巧的信號。但這也可能意味著他們很緊張，或者面試官脾氣不好。招聘勢必會發生變化，而且不

太可能變得不那么具有挑戰性。）”可知，面試官的偏見可能會影響他們對候選人的公正評價和看法。故選

Co