MarineEngineeringEnglish《輪機英語》APracticalCourseforEngineersWorkingonBoardShips

MarineElectricalSystemandAutomatizationLesson31

Unattendedmachineryspaces第31課無人值班機艙LearningObjectives:1.Graspsomeusefulwordsandexpressionsinthewholetext.2.Afterstudyingthelesson,heorshewillhaveabetterunderstandingofUnattendedmachineryspaces.3

4part1

NewWordsandExpressions5part2

TextAnalysisLesson31UMSThesophisticationofmodern

controlsystemsandthereliabilityoftheequipmentusedhaveresultedinmachineryspacesremainingunattendedforlongperiods.#現代控制系統的完善，以及所用設備的可靠性，使機艙可長時間處于無人值班的狀況。Lesson31UMSInordertoensurethesafetyoftheshipanditsequipmentduringUMSoperationcertainessentialrequirementsmustbemet:為保證無人機艙運行期間船舶和設備的安全，必須滿足以下基本要求：Lesson31UMS(1)Bridgecontrol.Acontrolsystemtooperatethemainmachinerymustbeprovidedonthebridge.Instrumentationprovidingcertainbasicinformationmustbeprovided.#駕駛臺控制。駕駛臺須安裝有控制主機運行的操作系統。提供一些基本運行參數的儀表必須配備。Lesson31UMS(2)Machinerycontrolroom.Acentralizedcontrolroommustbeprovidedwiththeequipmenttooperateallmainandauxiliarymachineryeasilyaccessible.#機艙控制。集控室須提供有可方便地控制主機和輔機運行的設備。Lesson31UMS(3)Alarmandfireprotection.#報警和防火。Lesson31UMSAnalarmsystemisrequiredwhichmustbecomprehensiveincoverageoftheequipmentandabletoprovidewarningsinthecontrolroom,themachineryspace,mustalsobeprovidedthroughoutthemachineryspace,andafirecontrolpointmustbeprovidedoutsidethemachineryspacewithfacilitiesforcontrolofemergencyequipment.#需要一個報警系統，該系統必須全面覆蓋設備，能夠在控制室、機艙內提供警報，還必須在整個機艙內提供，并且必須在機艙外提供一個消防控制站，配備應急設備控制的設施。Lesson31UMS(4)Emergencypower.Automaticprovisionofelectricalpowertomeetthevaryingloadrequirements.#應急電源。自動提供電力以滿足變化負荷的要求。Lesson31UMSEquipmentoperationfromthemachinerycontrolroomwillbebyatrainedengineer.#由受過培訓的輪機員從機艙控制室操作設備。Lesson31UMSThevariouspreparatorystepsandlogicaltimedsequenceofeventswhichanengineerwillundertakecannotbeexpectedtooccurwhenequipmentisoperatedfromthebridge.輪機員承擔的各種準備步驟和事件的邏輯定時順序，當從駕駛臺操作設備時，不可能期望發生。Lesson31UMSBridgecontrolmustthereforehavebuiltintothesystemappropriatecircuitstoprovidethecorrecttiming,logicandsequence.Theremustalsobeprotectiondevicesandsafetyinterlocksbuiltintothesystem.#因此，駕駛臺控制必須在系統中內置適當的回路，以提供正確的定時、邏輯和順序。系統中還必須內置保護裝置和安全聯鎖裝置。Lesson31UMSAbridgecontrolsystemforaslow-speeddieselmain

engineisshowninFig.31-1.#低速柴油主機的駕駛臺控制系統如圖31-1所示。Lesson31UMSControlmaybefromeitherstationwiththeoperatingsignalpassingtoaprogrammingandtimingunit.#控制可以從任一站點進行，操作信號通至編程和定時單元。Lesson31UMSVarioussafetyinterlockswillbeinputsignalstopreventenginestartingortoshutdowntheengineifafaultoccurred.#各種安全聯鎖裝置將作為輸入信號，以防止發動機起動或在發生故障時關閉發動機。Lesson31UMSTheprogrammingunitsignalwouldthenpasstothecamshaftpositionertoensurethecorrectdirectionallocation.#然后，程序單元信號會傳遞到凸輪軸定位器，以確保方向位置正確。Lesson31UMSAlogicdevicewouldreceivethesignalnextandarrangeforthesupplyofstartingairtoturntheengine.#接下來，邏輯裝置會接收信號，并安排起動空氣的供應，以轉動發動機。Lesson31UMSAsignalpassingthroughthegovernorwouldsupplyfueltotheenginetostartandcontinueoperation.#信號通過調速器向發動機供給燃油，以啟動并繼續運行。Lesson31UMSAfeedbacksignalofenginespeedwouldshutoffthestartingairandalsoenablethegovernortocontrolenginespeed.#發動機轉速反饋信號會關閉起動空氣，并使調速器能夠控制發動機轉速。Lesson31UMSEnginespeedwouldalsobeprovidedasaninstrumentreadingatbothcontrolstations.#發動機轉速作為兩個控制站的儀表讀數被提供。Lesson31UMSAbridgecontrolsystemforacontrollable-pitchpropellerisshowninFig.31-2.#圖31-2顯示了可調螺距螺旋槳的駕駛臺控制系統。Lesson31UMSThepropellerpitchandenginespeedareusuallycontrolledbyasinglelever(combinator).#螺旋槳螺距和發動機轉速通常由單桿(組合器)控制。Lesson31UMSThecontrolleversignalpassesviatheselectortotheenginegovernorandthepitch-operatingactuator.Pitchandenginespeedsignalswillbefedbackanddisplayedatbothcontrolstations.#控制桿信號通過選擇器傳遞至發動機調速器和螺距操作執行器。螺距和發動機轉速信號將在兩個控制站被反饋和顯示。Lesson31UMSTheloadcontrolunitensuresaconstantloadontheenginebyvaryingpropellerpitchasexternalconditionschange.#當外部條件變化時，負載控制單元通過改變螺旋槳螺距來確保發動機上負載恒定。Lesson31UMSTheinputsignalsarefromthefuelpumpsettingandactualenginespeed.Theoutputsignalissuppliedasafeedbacktothepitchcontroller.#輸入信號來自油泵設置和實際發動機轉速。輸出信號作為反饋提供給螺距控制器。part3

Exercise&ExaminationForcrashmanoeuvrestheleverismovedfromoneextremetotheother,thesequenceofeventsisthencontrolledto_____.

A.starting,reachingfullspeedandbrakingB.stoppingoilsupply,braking,startingandreachingfullspeedC.reachingfullspeed,brakingandstartingD.starting,fullaheadthenasternIntheeventofminoremergencieswhenthemachineryspacesunattended,_____willbeinformedofmalfunctionsinthemachinerybyhiscabinmonitor.

A.thechiefengineerB.theengineeroncabinwatchC.thebridgeofficeronwatch D.themasterThemodernimprovementofcontrolsystemsandthereliabilityoftheequipmentusedhaveresultedinmachineryspaceremainingunattendedforlongperiods,knownas_____.

A.AVRB.UMSC.PSCD.CPPUMSaremainlyunattendedovernightandduringthistime_____shouldhavecontrolofthemainengine.

A.thechiefengineerB.theengineeroncabinwatch