2025高考英語大二輪專題強化練高考題型組合練作業(yè)22

文學(xué)與藝術(shù)類說明文作業(yè)22文學(xué)與藝術(shù)類說明文

（每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

A

（2023?新課標(biāo)H）

Asanartistwhosharesherjourneyonsocialmedia,I'moftenaskedbycuriousfollowers

howtobeginanartjourney.Unfortunately,thereisnomagiclistIcanoffer.!doremember,though,

whatitwasliketobeacompletebeginner.SoI'veputtogethersomegoodtipsforstartinganart

journey.

?Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook（素描本）forsmall①studies.Thesesmallstudies

provideinspirationandmaybea②springboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.1You'11

wanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou'vecome.

?Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There,snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrush

miles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.^

?Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.3Artisticgrowthcanbeabit

painful.Welcometotheclub；we'veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.!oncetookupa

challengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.

?4Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback（反饋）iscrucialtogrowth.!postmywork

onsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedand

respected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.

Thejourneyyou'reonwon'tfollowastraightpath.5Pushthrough,giveittimeandput

intheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.

A.Getoutofyourcomfortzone.

B.Makecareerplansandsetgoals.

C.Don'tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.

D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.

E.You'11hitroadblocks,andyou'11feeldiscouragedattimes.

F.Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.

G.You'11developthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.

語境猜詞

①study熟義：o.學(xué)習(xí)，研究

生義（文義）：n.

②springboard（合）=spring+board

③redefine（派）=re+define

B

（2022?新課標(biāo)II）

Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However,theprocesscanbemade

easierifyoulearntopracticethreesimpletechniques.

]Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperand

writenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.Staylooseandfree.

2Don'tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.Eventhoughthistechniquewon'tworkfor

everyone,ithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodrawon.

Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect._3

Yet,bylearningtolivewith^imperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesanda②wastepaper

basketfullofcrumpled（弄皺）paper.Thinkofyourfirstdraftasapathcutoutofthejungle-aspart

ofanexploration,notasacompletehighway.

Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple-spaced（三倍行星巨）copytoallowspacefor

revision.4Asaresult,thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks（大塊）oftheir

draftandwritingrevisionsintheblankspace.Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessy

toworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.5Theresulting

blankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.

A.Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.

B.Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.

C.Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.

D.FirstofalLlearnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.

E.Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.

F.Manybeginningwritersdontleaveenoughspacetorevise.

G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriple-space.

語境猜詞

①imperfection（派）=im+perfect+ion

②wastepaper（合）=waste+paper

③crossout__________

C

（2024?廣東深圳一模）

Artcomesintwomaincategories:realisticandabstract.Realisticartaimstoshowreal-life

scenes,people,andobjectsexactlyastheyappear.ltinvolvespayingcloseattentiontodetails,

makingthingslooklikephotographs.1It?smoreaboutexpressingfeelings,emotions,andideas.

Realisticartiseasytounderstand.Viewerscaneasilyrecognizewhatisportrayed.Takethe

MonaLisa,forexample-it'sarealisticpaintingofaladywithamysterioussmile.2Theyhelp

ustolearnaboutthepast.

Unlikerealisticart,abstractartismoreaboutbeingcreative.3Theyuseshapes,colorsand

patternstoexpressfeelingsandideas.Abstractartmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Some

peopleenjoytryingtofigureoutwhattheartworkconveys.

4Realisticartneedsprecisionindrawingorsculptingtomakethingslookreal.Abstractart

requiresimaginationtouseshapesandcolorsinnewways.Manyartistsareskilledinboth.They

createrealisticpiecestodemonstratetheirtechnicalskillsandabstractonestodisplaytheir

creativity.

Asforpersonalpreference,somepeopleprefertheclearstoriesofrealisticartwhileothersare

attractedtothemysteryofabstractart,interpretingmeaningsintheshapesandforms.Together,the

twokindsofartmaketheartworlddiverseandengaging.5

A.Bothtypesofarttakeskillstomake.

B.Photographspreservefacesoffolksfromlongago.

C.Graspingabstractartdemandsmoreartistictraining.

D.Bothwaysofcreatingarthavetheirownvalueandbeauty.

E.Incontrast,abstractartfocuseslessonrealisticappearances.

F.Artworkslikethistellstoriesabouthistoryandeverydaylife.

③

G.Artistshavethefreedomtogobeyondreal-liferepresentations.

語境猜詞

①creativity（派）=creativ（e）+ity

②engaging（派）=engag（e）+ing

③representation（派）=represent+ation

語境猜詞答案

A.①（繪畫的）試畫②跳板；出發(fā)點③重新定義，重新界定

B.①不完美；瑕疵②廢紙；紙屑③劃掉

C.①創(chuàng)造力，獨創(chuàng)性②迷人的，吸引人的③表現(xiàn)

答案精析

Al.C2.G3.A4.D5.E

Bl.D2.B3.E4.F5.G

l.E2.F3.G4.A5.D

作業(yè)23人與自然及環(huán)境類說明文

（每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

A

（2024?湖南邵陽二模）

Coralreefsaretherainforestsoftheocean.Theyexistonvastscalesandareequallyimportant

havens（避風(fēng)港）ofbiodiversity.Reefsoccupy0.1%oftheoceans.1

2Withouttheprotectionwhichreefsaffordfromcrashingwaves,①low-lyingislandssuch

astheMaldiveswouldhavefloodedlongago,andabillionpeoplewouldlosefoodor

income.However,reefsareunderthreatfromrisingseatemperatures.Heatcausesthealgae（海藻）

withwhichcoralsarelivingtogethertogeneratetoxins（毒素）thatforcethosecoraltoleave.This

cancauseacoral'sdeath.

Researchgroupsaroundtheworldarecomingupwithplansofactiontoseeifthatwillhelp,

suchasidentifyingnaturallyheat-resistantcoralsandcross-breedingsuchcoralstocreateanew

type.3Withoutcarbonreductionanddeclineinlocal,coral-killingpollution,evenresistantcorals

willnotsurvivethecentury.

Doubtersdoubthumanitywillgetitsacttogetherintimetomakemuchdifference.^Carbon

targetsarebeingsetandoceanpollutionisbeingdealtwith.Countriesthatshareresponsibilitiesfor

reefsarestartingtoacttogether.Scientificworkaroundscanalsobefound.Naturalcurrentscanbe

appliedtofacilitatemassbreeding.Sitesofthegreatestecologicalandeconomicalimportancecan

beidentifiedtomaximizebangforbuck.

Thismixofnaturalactivityandhumaninterventionisimportant._5_Hard-coregreens-those

whothinkthatallhabitatsshouldbekeptunspoiled——maynotapprove.Butwhenentireecosystems

arefacingdestruction,thecostofdoingnothingistoogreattobear.

A.Coralsareusefultopeople.

B.Butthereare?groundsforoptimism.

C.Andtheyhostaquarterofmarinespecies.

D.Itcouldserveasablueprintforotherecosystems.

E.Coral?sglobalecosystemservicesareworthupto$10trnayear.

F.Thisresearchcanalsobebroughttobearontryingtosaveentireecosystems.

G.However,theassistedevolutionofcoralsdoesnotmeetwithuniversalenthusiasm.

語境猜詞

①low-lying（合）=low+lying

②heat-resistant（合）=heat+resistant

③cross-breed（合）=cross+breed

④ground熟義：兒地，地面

生義（文義）：n.

B

（2024?湖北七市州二模）

MynameisMcKenzieSkilesandVmasnowhydrologist（水文學(xué)家）attheUniversityof

UtahinSaltLakeCity.1Actually,thepurposeistotrackdust'simpactonwaterresources.

Iammostinterestedintheimpactofwarmingtemperaturesonsnowmeltingrates，andIhave

startedstudyingsnowmeltsince2009inUtahandColorado.WhenIskiedtoresearchsitesinUtah

tocollectsnowformyexperiment,the^mountainouslandscapeswerecoveredindust.2It's

clearthat2009wasoneofthebiggestyearsfordustdeposition（沉積）ontosnow.

3Iusuallyhavetocoverseveralkilometers,carryinga27-kilogrammepackwitha

shovel（鏟子）todigasnowhole,toolstocutsnowandmeasureitsdensity,andcontainersto

collectsnowforanalyses.Oneyear,Ihitadustyareaofsnow,brokemyskiandslicedmyleg

open.

Inareaswithheavydustdeposition,suchasthesouthernRockyMountains,dustspeedsup

meltingbyoneortwomonths.Warmingairtemperaturesaffectsnowgathering,butdustbuildsup

overtimeanddarkensthesurface.4

mnowexploringdifferenticeandsnowlandscapesforfurtherresearch.Forexample,how

black-carbonbuildupfollowingforestfiresaffectsmelting.5Aswemoveintoafuturethatis

likelytobeevendustier,weneedthemtopredictsnowmeltformanyreasons,includingworking

outhowtousewaterinthewesternUnitedStatesefficiently.

A.Thedustcausedalotoftrouble.

B.Iwentformilesinthewilderness.

C.Doingmyresearchisnoeasytask.

D.Oneofthegoalsistodevelopsnowmeltmodels.

E.InColorado,thereddustfromdesertsoilshadalsoblownin.

F.Asaresult,thesnowwillabsorbmoresunlightandquickenmelting.

G.Myjobistoskiinthewildernesstomeasuredustontopofsnoweachspring.

語境猜詞

①mountainous（派）=mountain+ous

②darken（派）=dark+en___________________________________

C

（2024?江西萍鄉(xiāng)一模）

NewAnimals

InnorthernVietnam,inthickforestsintheNorthAnnamiteMountains,thereisawildlifepark

calledVuQuang.In1986,theareawasmadeanofficialforestreserve.In2002,550square

kilometersoftheareaweredeclaredaNationalPark.1Itisinanareathatishardtogetto,for

onething.Andit'sanareathat'sdifficulttowalkthroughbecausetherocksarecoveredwith

algaeandarevery'slippery.

2Inthelasttwentyyears,severalnewspeciesofanimalsthathaveneverbeenseen

anywhereintheworldbeforehavebeendiscoveredthere.Someofthemaresonewthatscientists

haven'tgiventhemofficialnamesyet!

ThenewanimalsdiscoveredattheparkincludetheVuQuangoxorSaola,a"slow"deer,

agiantmuntjac（theworld?slargest,infact）,ablackdeeranda“holy"goat.3

TheSaolawasthefirstnewspeciesoflargemammaltobediscoveredinmorethanfifty

years,soitcausedalotofexcitementinthescientificworld.4Ithashornsthatcanbebetween

oneandtwofeetlong,andthatseemtocomeoutoftheanimal?sheadatslightlydifferent

angles.That?swhyitiscalled“Saola"，meaning“spinningwheelposts“inVietnamese.

ThecreaturehadhiddensafelyforgenerationsintheVuQuangarea.Butonceitwas

discovered,itwasindanger.5Sadly,theSaolaisnowbeinghuntedandmaywellendupas

another②endangeredspecies.

A.That'swhyitattractshunters.

B.VuQuangisnoordinarypark,though.

C.Huntershavenorespectfornewspecies.

D.Butthat'snotallthatisunusualaboutVuQuang.

E.Fivenewspeciesoffishhavealsobeenfoundthere.

F.Thiswasthefirsttimesomanynewspecieshadbeenfoundinthisarea.

G.Itisastrangegoat-likecreaturethatlooksasifitissomehowrelatedtocattle.

語境猜詞

①slippery（派）=slip+per+y

②endangered（派）=en+danger+ed

語境猜詞答案

A.①低洼的②抗熱的，耐熱的③使雜交，雜交繁育

④充分的理由

B.①多山的②使變暗，變黑

C.①濕滑的，容易打滑的②（動植物）瀕危的

答案精析

Al.C2.A3.G4.B5.D

Bl.G2.E3.C4.F5.D

Cl.B2.D3.E4.G5.C

作業(yè)24生活與學(xué)習(xí)類記敘文

【完形填空記敘文類文體解讀】

文章記敘文通常講述一個事件或故事，具有明顯的故事性和情節(jié)性，使得文章易于理解。

內(nèi)容這類文章明確包含時間、地點、人物、故事的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)局等六個要素。

敘述記敘文多按照時間順序來展開情節(jié)和內(nèi)容，有時也會采用倒敘或者插敘的手法，以

手法增加文章的吸引力。

命題側(cè)重語篇，注重語境，突出對文章的理解，關(guān)注情節(jié)發(fā)展的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系。命題還

特點關(guān)注各種線索，如人物線索、時間線索等。

【完形填空記敘文類解題技法】

通讀全文重視首句，把握主題

了解大意

快速瀏覽，跳過空格，理解文意）

聯(lián)系上下文，進行邏輯分析;找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞，了解空格處所在的特定語境］

抓住關(guān)鍵

逐步完形先易后難，先填比較直接明確的空格，逐步值攵章完整）

根據(jù)上下文揣摩作者和文章角色的心理,以及對整個事件的觀點態(tài)度|

完形填空記敘文利用語境

解題技巧揣摩心理注意心理高柞描寫，以期與作者達到共鳴］

理清順序皿~了解作者是采麗頓敘還是倒敘的寫作手法,有助于對文章的整體理解:

亶眄鯉確寫作意圖，徹底理解故事］

」在補全全部空格以后，要重讀文章，看文章是否流暢，前后是否矛盾］

驗1■止答茶

（每小題1分，滿分30分）

A

（2024?河北邯鄲三模）

Dr.FrancisCollinsisoneofAmerica'sleadingscientists.Inaninterview,Dr.Collinswas

askediftherewasanyspecialsparkoranymomentinparticularthat]himtopursuealifeof

science.Dr.Collins2thatinfacttherewas.Hesaidthatwhenhewasinhighschool,onthefirst

dayofhisfirstsciencecourse,theteacherhandedeachstudentabox3.Theboxesweresealedon

theoutsideandhollowontheinside.Buteachbox4something.AndasyoungCollinsturnedthe

boxonitssideandturneditaround,hecould5somethingrollingaroundinside.

Whatwasit?Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheir6wastodeterminewhatwasinside

thebox.Theycould7anykindoftestoraskanykindofquestionthatwouldleadthemtofind

outwhatwasinsidethebox.Buttheycouldn't8thebox.Theyhadtofirstfindwaysto9

whatwasinthebox.

“That'swhat10is,"theteachercarefully11,“beingcurious,andthinkingof

questionstoask,untilyoufindouttheanswer."Dr.Collinswas12.Hesaidthatthatdayinclass

completely13hislife.Fromthenon,hewas14tospendingalifeinscience,wherehisjob

wastobe15andasklotsofquestions.

l.A.forcedB.inspiredC.orderedD.requested

2.A.doubtedB.recognizedC.imaginedD.replied

3.A.carefullyB.hurriedlyC.secretlyD.impatiently

4.A.representedB.meantC.containedD.told

5.A.seeB.hearC.fancyD.monitor

6.A.campaignB.desireC.ambitionD.assignment

7.A.avoidB.designC.passD.mark

8.A.openB.rollC.throwD.hit

9.A.pickupB.drawonC.figureoutD.stickto

10.A.experimentB.scienceC.educationD.study

11.A.answeredB.apologizedC.arguedD.explained

12.A.attractedB.confusedC.frightenedD.disappointed

13.A.controlledB.improvedC.savedD.changed

14.A.opposedB.exposedC.committedD.used

15.A.curiousB.smartC.generousD.optimistic

B

（2024?安徽安慶二模）

Mytwo-year-olddaughterwasplayingwithgroceriesinmyshoppingcart.Agentlemanstood

behindmewiththree1.Helookedathiswatchandme.Whilemydaughterwas2well,I

knewshecouldn?tstaythereanylonger.Themanobviouslywasina3，andhe'dbebehind

mealongtime.I4tolethimgofirst."Thankyou,“hereplied5,steppingaheadofme.His

facelitupwith6.

Whenthelinemovedforward,Istarted7mycart.AsIhurriedlyopenedmypurse,my

heart8：Iforgottobringmybankcard.Thegentlemanhadpaidandwas9his

groceries."CanIjustputmy10onthesideandgohometotakemycard?”Iaskedthe

cashierina11voice.Thegentlemansaid,"I'11payforherorder.vButI12,havingover

$250worthofgroceries."Youcanjustsendmeacheck,“he13.“That'stoomuchofacar

tripforthelittlegirl.”

Iwasalwayswillingtohelpothers.However,therewasanewfeelingI14whenIgothelp

fromothers.Iwasshockedthatacompletestrangerwould15anotherwithaloanofthat

amount.

1.A.toysB.bagsC.itemsD.dollars

2.A.behavingB.studyingC.eatingD.resting

3.A.panicB.hurryC.messD.mood

4.A.failedB.offeredC.agreedD.promised

5.A.patientlyB.constantlyC.appreciativelyD.eventually

6.A.respectB.confidenceC.determinationD.pleasure

7.A.unloadingB.unfoldingC.unwrappingD.uncovering

8.A.achedB.brokeC.beatD.sank

9.A.pickingupB.lookingoverC.handingoutD.givingaway

10.A.purseB.cardC.daughterD.stuff

11.A.annoyedB.discouragedC.confusedD.astonished

12.A.hesitatedB.panickedC.regrettedD.rejected

13.A.confirmedB.jokedC.smiledD.insisted

14.A.rememberedB.fearedC.experiencedD.shared

15.A.trustB.praiseC.thankD.reward

答案精析

A

語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了柯林斯博士上高中時的一堂科學(xué)課，它徹底改變了

他的人生軌跡，從那時起他就致力于科學(xué)研究。

1.B[force迫使;inspire鼓舞；order命令;request要求。根據(jù)上文“anyspecialsparkor”

以及下文^himtopursuealifeofscience并結(jié)合最后一段內(nèi)容可知，柯林斯博士被問及是否

有任何特別的火花或任何特別的時刻激勵他追求科學(xué)。故選B。]

2.D[doubt懷疑；recognize認出；imagine想象；reply回復(fù)，回答。根據(jù)上文“Inaninterview,

Dr.Collinswasaskedif可知，柯林斯博士對該問題回答說，事實上是有的。故選D。]

3.C[carefully認真地；hurriedly匆匆地；secretly秘密地，神秘地；impatiently不耐煩地。

根據(jù)下文“Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheirwastodeterminewhatwasinside

thebox.可知，老師讓學(xué)生自己去查明盒子里有什么，可推知是神秘地遞給每個學(xué)生一個盒

子。故選C。］

4.C［represent代表；mean意味著；contain包含；tell告訴。根據(jù)下文“AndasyoungCollins

turnedtheboxonitssideandturneditaround,hecouldsomethingrollingaround

inside.“可知，每個盒子里都裝著東西。故選C。］

5.B［see看；hear聽；fancy想象；monitor監(jiān)測。根據(jù)上文uTheboxesweresealed,,可知，

盒子被密封了，所以只能聽到里面有東西在滾動。故選B。］

6.D［campaign戰(zhàn)役；desire愿望；ambition抱負；assignment任務(wù)。根據(jù)下文todetermine

whatwasinsidethebox可知，老師告訴學(xué)生他們的任務(wù)是確定盒子里是什么。故選D。］

7.B［avoid避免；design設(shè)計，構(gòu)思；pass通過；mark標(biāo)記。要弄清楚盒子里面到底是什

么，他們可以設(shè)計任何一種測試。故選B。］

8.A［open打開；roll滾動；throw扔；hit打擊。根據(jù)But可知，他們可以用測試或提問的

方式，但不能直接打開盒子。故選A。］

9.C［pickup拾起；drawon利用；figureout弄清楚；stickto堅持。根據(jù)上文“Theycould

anykindoftestoraskanykindofquestionthatwouldleadthemtofindoutwhatwasinsidethe

box.”可知，他們必須先想辦法弄清楚盒子里是什么。故選C。］

10.B［experiment實驗；science科學(xué)；education教育；study學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)上文“hisfirstscience

course可知，老師在解釋科學(xué)。故選B。］

11.D［answer回答；apologize道歉；argue爭論；explain解釋。由上文“That'swhat

is”和下文beingcurious...theanswerv可知，此處指老師認真解釋道。故選D。］

12.A［attract吸引;confuse使困惑;frighten便驚嚇;disappoint使失望。根據(jù)下文“From

thenon,hewastospendingalifeinsciencer可知，柯林斯博士之后一直從事科學(xué)，

所以是被吸引住了。故選A。］

13.D［control控制；improve提高；save挽救；change改變。根據(jù)下文“Fromthenon,he

wastospendingalifeinscience,,可知，那一■天徹底改變了他的生活。故選D。］

14.C［oppose反對；expose暴露；commit犯（錯誤或罪行）；use使用。becommittedto（doing）

sth致力于（做）某事。根據(jù)下文spendingalifeinscience可知，從那時起，他就致力于科學(xué)

研究。故選C。］

15.A［curious好奇的；smart聰明的；generous慷慨的；optimistic樂觀的。根據(jù)上文“being

curious”可知，他的工作就是保持好奇。故選A。］

B

語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者和女兒在商店購物的時候發(fā)現(xiàn)自己忘了帶銀行

卡，沒辦法結(jié)賬，這時前面的一位先生主動提出幫作者結(jié)賬，讓作者感到被陌生人信任的感

覺。

1.C[toy玩具；bag包；item商品；dollar美元。根據(jù)