專題12八下Units7-8（知識梳理+常考易錯點歸納+強化提升練）（原卷版）掌握7-8單元的重點單詞、詞組和句式以及語法，做到熟練運用。一、詞匯1.重點單詞的含義及用法：medicaltreatment醫學治療；dooperationsonsb給某人做手術；trainingcentre培訓中心；onboard在飛機（船、火車）上；carryonwithsth.繼續做某事；handout分發；發出；setup創建，建立；takethemedicine服藥；operateonsb.給某人做手術；modernmedicine現代醫學；haveacheck檢查;can’taffordtodosth.承擔不起做某事；beproudtodosth.以做某事而驕傲；makeupone’smindtodosth.下定決心做某事；dependon“依賴，依靠，取決于”；luckily“幸運的是，所幸的是”；produce“制作，制造”；survey“調查”2.易混詞辨析：withone’shelp在某人的幫助下；providesth.forsb.為某人提供某物；preventthespreadofsomeseriousdiseases預防某些嚴重疾病的傳播；beusedas…被用作……；inhospital和inthehospital的區別；because和becauseof的區別；preventsbfromdoingsth.阻止/預防某人做某事;attendcourses上課；beseparatedinto“被分成---”；separate......from“把......和......分開；allowsbtodosth允許某人做某事；allowdoingsth允許做某事；runout和runoutof的區別；whattodowith和howtodealwith的區別；beharmfulto對......有害；beharmlessto對......無害；notonly......but(also)不僅......而且......；asaresult和asaresultof的區別；makeadifferenceto“對......產生影響”二、句型1.Youhavesomepocketmoneyleft.2.Itprovidesbasiceducationforchildreninpoorareas.3.Manyofourpatientscan’taffordtogotohospital…4.Duringmylastvisit,150patientswereoperatedon.5.I’mproudtohelppeopleseeagainandimprovetheirlives.6.soshemadeuphismindtotrainasanurseandattendedcoursesafterwork.7.Someoftheclothesaresoldincharityshops,somearegiventothepoor,andothersaresenttofactoriesforrecycling.8.Forexample,wearenotallowedtocutdowntrees.9.Wedependonitsrichresourcestolive,soitisimportantforustoprotectitwisely.10.Luckily,wearestartingtousetheenergyfromthesun,wind,andwater.11.Whatdotheydowitholdclothes?12.Coal,oilandnaturalgasisnotonlyusefulforfamilies,buthaveawideruseforfactories.13.Asaresult,itisveryimportantforustousethemwise.14.Followthesesmallsteps,andyoucanmakeabigdifferencetotheEarth......三、重點語法Unit7Unit8被動語態的一般現在時和一般過去時被動語態的一般將來時被動語態的構成：bedone被動語態的基本用法被動語態的特殊用法：主動形式表示被動含義哪些動詞或者詞組沒有被動語態被動語態的將來時結構：willbedone或者begoingtobedoneUnit7重點詞匯和句型1、Youhavesomepocketmoneyleft.left此處是leave的過去分詞，意思是“剩余的”。例如： Attheendoftheparty,wehadsomefoodleft.ORBIS(國際奧比斯組織)Oxfam(<英>牛津饑荒救濟委員會/樂施會)UNICEF(UnitedNationsInternationalChildren'sEmergencyFund聯合國兒童基金會)WWF(WorldWildlifeFund世界野生動物基金)3、Ithelpsbuildabetterworldforeveryone,especiallychildrenallovertheworld.(P93)helpsb.(to)dosth.“幫助某人做某事”；helpsb.withsth.“幫助某人某事”。especiallyadv.“尤其，特別”例如：Iamespeciallybusyonthisweekends.4、Itprovidesbasiceducationforchildreninpoorareas.(P93)1.basicadj.“基礎的，基本的”。2.education不可數名詞“教育”。5、Italsoworkstopreventthespreadofsomeseriousdiseases,likeAIDS,amongyoungpeople.spreadv.“擴散；分布；展開”。例如：Wemustpreventthespreadofthiskindofillness.拓展：spread(spreadspread)既可以作及物動詞，也可以作不及物動詞，意思是“展開；傳播；散布”。例如：Hespreadthemap.Thenewswasspreadquickly.6、DrMa,pleasetellussomethingaboutblindness.blindness不可數名詞“失明”例如：Don’tgiveupyourdreambecauseofyourblindness.拓展：blindness是形容詞blind+后綴-ness構成的名詞，類似的還有：kindness和藹illness疾病happiness快樂richness富有sadness悲傷7、Theplaneisalsousedasatrainingcentre.beusedas…“被用作……..”.例如：Englishisusedasasecondlanguageinmanycountries.8、Manyofourpatientscan’taffordtogotohospital…1.afford及物動詞“買得起；能做；承擔得起”，后面接名詞、代詞或動詞不定式做賓語。例如：ThehouseissoexpensivethatIcan’taffordit.Shecan’taffordtopayforherdaughter’seducation.2.gotohospital去看病gotothehospital去醫院（看病人或做其他事）9、Also,localdoctorsandnursesareinvitedonboardtolearnabouteyeoperations.onboard“在飛機（船、火車）上”例如：Whenyouareonboard,youshouldturnoffyourmobilephone.10、Duringmylastvisit,150patientswereoperatedon.1.patient在句中用作可數名詞，“病人，患者”例如：Thesepatientsarewaitingforthedoctortocome.=2\#"#,##0.xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"2operate不及物動詞，“開刀，做手術”，operateonsb.“給某人做手術”例如：Thedoctorisoperatingonhim.11、I’mproudtohelppeopleseeagainandimprovetheirlives.proudadj.“自豪的，驕傲的”。常見的短語：beproudof…“為……..而自豪”例如：Theyareproudoftheirson.拓展：takepridein…與beproudof…同義“為……..而自豪”例如：Doyoutakeprideinyourjob?12、Modernmedicineisdevelopingquicklyandnowmosteyeproblemsanddiseasescanbetreatedandcured.(P95)1.medicine用作不可數名詞，“醫學；藥”。“服藥；吃藥；喝藥”takethemedicine表示例如：Chinesemedicineisverypopularinwesterncountriesnow.Youmusttakethemedicinethreetimesaday.2.develop可用作及物動詞或不及物動詞，“發展；加強”。拓展：development可用作可數名詞或不可數名詞，“發展；進展；發達；發育”；developing“發展中的”，developed“發達的”。3.treat及物動詞，“治療”拓展：treat用作及物動詞，“對待；看待；把……看作”，treat….as…”把……看作…..”例如：Don’ttreatmeasachild.4.辨析：treat與curetreat賓語是人、某種疾病或發病的部位，強調治療的過程，指對病人進行診斷和治療，但不含治好的意思Thedentististreatingmyteeth.牙科醫生正在給我看牙。cure賓語可以是人，也可以是某種疾病，強調治療的結果，指治愈某種疾病或某人的疾病Thismedicinewillcureyourtoothache.這種藥課治好你的牙疼。一言辨義：Iwilltrymybesttotreathim,butI’mnotsurewhetherIcancurehim.13、Butmoremoneyisneededtocarryonwithourwork.carryonwithsth.“繼續做某事”，相當于carryondoingsth.,goondoingsth.或continuedoingsth.例如：Let’scarryonwiththework.14、…soshemadeuphismindtotrainasanurseandattendedcoursesafterwork.1.makeupone’smindtodosth.“決定做某事”=decidetodosth.例如：Hemadeuphismindtoreturntohishometown.2.attend及物動詞，“上（學）；去（教堂）”，還可以是“參加；出席；到場”例如：Childrenbetween5and16mustattendschool.Hewasill,sohedidn’tattendthemeetingyesterday.15、India印度India名詞，“印度”；Indian“印度的；印度人的”例如：HeisfromIndia,andheisanIndian.（2022·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）59.Thecharityistryingtohelpthosewhocan’t__________(haveenoughmoneytopayforsomething)medicaltreatment.（2022·江蘇泰州·中考真題）6.Thesummervacationiscoming.Don’tswiminthelake,________whenyouarealone.A.probably B.possibly C.especially D.exactly（2023·江蘇揚州·中考真題）12.Sandturnstoglasswhenit________bylightning.A.hits B.ishit C.ishitting D.willbehit（2023·江蘇無錫·中考真題）47.ThisT-shirt__________(make)ofsilkanditfeelsverysmooth.（2023·江蘇泰州·中考真題）4.Mostneighbours________thehabitofsquaredancingtocreateaquieterenvironmentforus.A.getinto B.careabout C.carryon D.giveup（2023·江蘇鎮江·中考真題）41.Don’tgiveup________(嘗試).I’msureyouwillsucceed.（2023·江蘇鎮江·中考真題）9.WhenIwasapupil,someofmypocketmoney________tobuycomicbooks.A.use B.isused C.used D.wasused（2023·江蘇常州·中考真題）2.MyfathergoesbacktoNanjingfortheSpringFestivaleveryyear________lastyearbecausehewasbusywithhisworkinChangzhou.A.including B.since C.except D.till（2023·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）33.Ourcountryhasa__________(驕傲的)recordofsportingachievement.（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）12.TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.It________bypeopleofallages.A.isloved B.wasloved C.willlove D.isloving（2022·江蘇揚州·中考真題）13.—Ihearthatyoutookpartinaforestclean-upactivitylastSunday.—Yes,it________byourschoolgreenclubtoprotectforests.A.organizes B.organized C.wasorganized D.willbeorganized（2022·江蘇連云港·中考真題）8.WearethattheGreatWallisoneofthewondersoftheworld.A.friendlyB.braveC.nervousD.proud（2022·江蘇無錫·中考真題）12.UNICEF,partoftheUnitedNations,________inEuropein1946afterWorldWarII.A.setup B.wassetup C.tookupD.wastakenup（2022·江蘇泰州·中考真題）64.Jiangsuautomatic(自動化)testoflisteningandspeaking_______(hold)inAprileveryyear.一、詞匯拼寫1.TheInternetmakesthe（傳播）ofinformationbecomequickerandquicker.2.Therearemanybeautifulflowersinourschool,（尤其）inAprilandMay.3.Modernmedicineisdevelopingsoquicklythatmosteyeproblemsanddiseasescanbe___.(makeanillnessgoaway).4.DrWanghas（cutaperson’sbodyopentotakeoutorrepair）onthreepeoplewitharmproblemssince6a.m.5.Theweathersuddenlybecameverycold,sothereweremany（peoplewhoareill,especiallyinhospital）inthathospital.6.AsaChinese,Iamvery_________(自豪的)oftheprosperity(繁榮)ofourmotherland.7.Ihaven'tsavedenoughmoney,soIcan't______________togoabroadthissummer.8.Shehada_________(檢查)ontheguestlistagainandagaintomakesureofthenumberofpeopleintheparty.9.Pleaseaskthe___________(秘書)tomyoffice.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellthem.10..Ithinkeveryoneshouldhavetherighttoreceivegood(教育).11.Pleasepassmethe_________(采訪者)namestome.Iwanttoknowaboutthem.12.Chinesepeoplehopetogetbetter_____________(醫療的)treatmentinthenearfuture.13.Manychildrencan’tgotoschool,__________(mainly)inmountainareas.14.Thecoursecoversmanytopics,____________theknowledgeofEnglishgrammar.(包括)15.Thankyoufor________（動手術）onthemonthephone.16.Most_______（illness）canbecuredbythosedoctors.17、Thedoctorsdidn’tknowwhatcausedtheoldman’s（失明）.18.Hesayshiscountrywantsto________________(發展)itsfriendshipwithChina.19.Insomecountries,blackpeopledon’thavethesame(權利)aswhites.20.Weshouldtreateveryone_______.(平等地)21.IloveYangzhou,____________(尤其是)inspring.22.Someonehasleftawindowopen____________(粗心大意).23.Allthekidsweresurprisedwhentheyheardthatacowhasfour__________.(胃)24.Howlonghaveyou____________(借)thebook?25.Heispatientenoughto___________(解釋)thethingtous.26.Theyhavejusthada______________(discuss)aboutwheretospendtheirholidays.27.Whentheguestenteredthehall,MrsSmithstoodupandgreetedhim________(polite).28.Hewassotiredoutthathefoundhimself________（able）tomoveoutofthehotel.29.Livingtogetherwithmyfriendswasagreat__________.(pleasant)30.Somehusbandscarelessabouttheir______(wife)feelingsandseldomhelpthemdohousework.二、動詞填空1.The29th

Olympics__________inBeijingnextyear.

(willhold)2.Ithinkhe__________thisworktomorrowmorning.

(finish)3.Thisbuilding_________inzoo.

(build)4.Doyouknowwho___________thetelephone?

(invent)5.Theytoldme__________earliertomorrow.

(come)6.Theboyisoftenseen__________baseballbyus.

(play)7.Look!Thestudents___________thestreet.

(cross)8.Listen!Agirlisheard__________inthenextroom.

(sing)Unit8重點詞匯和句型InSwitzerland,thingslikeglass,plasticandpaperareseparatedintodifferentgroupsandthenrecycled.beseparatedinto意為“被分成---”；separate......from意為“把......和......分開/分離”例如：Mymotherisseparatingthegoodapplesfromthebadones.Someoftheclothesaresoldincharityshops,somearegiventothepoor,andothersaresenttofactoriesforrecycling.sendsthtosb=sendsbsth意為“把某物寄/送給某人”例如：Hesentapresenttoheryesterday=Hesentherapresentyesterday.3、Forexample,wearenotallowedtocutdowntrees.（P108）=1\*GB3①example“例子，榜樣，模范”；forexample“例如”，giveagoodexampletoothers為別人樹立好榜樣。=2\*GB3②allow意為“允許”，allowsbtodosth:允許某人做某事；allowdoingsth:允許做某事例如：Theydon'tallowstudentstowearearrings.Hedoesn'tallowfishinghere.cutdown“砍伐，砍倒，縮短”cutoff切除，割掉，剪下cutout裁剪cutup切碎4、Wedependonitsrichresourcestolive,soitisimportantforustoprotectitwisely.dependon意為“依賴，依靠，取決于”例如：Alllivingthingsdependonthesunfortheirgrowth.萬物生長靠太陽。5、Luckily,wearestartingtousetheenergyfromthesun,wind,andwater.luckily意為“幸運的是，所幸的是”，是副詞，其反義詞是：unluckily,意為“不幸地”；luck意為“機會，運氣，機遇”是不可數名詞；lucky意為“幸運的，走好運的”例如：Luckily,theweatherwasnottoohot.6、Thesenewtypesofenergycostverylittleandwillneverrunout.=1\*GB3①runout表示“用完，耗盡”，是不及物動詞短語，其主語通常為時間，食物，金錢等；runoutofsth.表示“用完......,耗盡......”是及物動詞短語，表示主動含義，主語一般是人。例如：Eddie'sfoodsoonranout.Susanhasrunoutofhoneyfortea.7、Moreover,theyproducelittleduce做動詞，意為“制作，制造”8、Whatdotheydowitholdclothes?dowith意為“處理，處置”，常與疑問詞what連用，側重與對某事物的利用或處置。dealwith意為“對付，處理”，多與疑問詞how連用，強調處理某事物的方式、方法。例如：Whatwillyoudowithmyoldbooks?Howdidyoudealwiththeproblems?9、Ifwedonotacttoimprovetheenvironment,morelivingthingswillbekilledbypollution.（P114）act是不及物動詞，意為“行動”；action是名詞，意為“行動”例如：Wemustactnowtoprotectthewildlife.區分alive,living,live,livelyalive活著的，作表語時，修飾人或物均可，這時可與living互換；作定語時應后置。living活著的，主要作前置定語，也可作表語。theliving意為“活著的人”。live活的；直播的；作定語一般修飾物。lively活潑的，生機勃勃的；既可做表語，也可做定語，修飾人或物均可。10、Herearetheresultsofthesurvey.survey意為“調查”，是可數名詞11、Airpollutionisharmfultoourhealth.harmful意為“有害的”，其反義詞是harmless(無害的)。beharmfulto=bebadfor意為“對......有害”beharmlessto:對......無害例如：WatchingTVtoomuchisharmfultoyoureyesight.Youcaneatthiskindofvegetable.It'sharmless.12、Coal,oilandnaturalgasisnotonlyusefulforfamilies,buthaveawideruseforfactories.notonly......but(also),意為“不僅......而且......"，它連接兩個結構相似，語法功能相同的成分。該短語連接兩個并列的主語時，謂語動詞與butalso之后的主語保持一致。例如：NotonlyhebutalsoIamgoodatEnglish.13、Asaresult,itisveryimportantforustousethemwise.asaresult,是副詞短語，意為“結果，因此”其后接表示事情結果的句子。asaresultof是介詞短語，意為“因為，由于”，其后常接表示原因的名詞、代詞等，相當于becauseof。例如：Susangotuplatethismorning.Asaresult,shemissedthefirstbus.Thepoorboywaslateasaresultof/becauseoftheheavytrafficjam.14、Followthesesmallsteps,andyoucanmakeabigdifferencetotheEarth......step意為“步驟，措施”，是可數名詞。15、Inordertosavepower,weshouldturnoffthelightswhenweleavearoom.inorderto意為“目的是，為了”，其后接動詞原形。inorderto常與sothat或不定式進行同義句轉換。例如:Lindaarrivedearlyinordertogetagoodseat.=Lindaarrivedearlysothatshecouldgetagoodseat.=Togetagoodseat,Lindaarrivedearly.16、Followthesesmallsteps,andyoucanmakeabigdifferencetotheEarth.makeadifferenceto意為“對......產生影響”例如：workinghardcouldmakeabigdifferencetoourlives.（2023·江蘇常州·中考真題）54.幸運的是，這場大火被及時撲滅了。_______________________________________________________（2023·江蘇連云港·中考真題）5.Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter,moretrees________nextyear.A.plant B.willplant C.areplanted D.willbeplanted（2023·江蘇南通·中考真題）9.Thewindenergycostsverylittleandwillnever________.Besides,itproduceslittlepollution.A.blowout B.runout C.putout D.breakout（2023·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）12.Theenergyfromthesunandthewindcostslittleandwillnever________.A.turnout B.putout C.cutout D.runout（2022·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）35.It’snecessaryforteenagerstolearnhowtospendtheirpocketmoney_________（明智地）.（2022·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）56.Naturalresourcesareveryimportantforusandweshouldusethem____________（明智地）.（2022·江蘇徐州·中考真題）46.Followthesesmall________,andyoucanmakeabigdifferencetotheEarth!一、單項選擇1.—Wouldyoumind______themusicalittle?Don’tyouthinkit’stooloud?—Sorry!I’lldoitinaminute.A.turningon B.turningoff C.turningup D.turningdown2.—HowmuchisthetickettoCentralPark?—Aone-wayticket_____$40,andyoucan_____another$20foraround-trip.A.costs,pay B.cost,spend C.pay,spend D.spends,pay3.—Doyouknowwhyhedidn't______awordwhenhe______to?—Becausehewastoonervous.A.speak,speaks B.say,wasspokenC.say,spoke D.speak,isspoken4.Theheavysnowdidn’ttheinternationalairlinesA.payattentiontoB.addto C.makeadifferencetoD.keepto5.Myparentsgettingupearlyonweekdays.A.usedto B.beusedtoC.wasusedtoD.areusedto6.----Whatwillyoudowiththewastepaper?----Thewastepaperaswellastheusedbooks_______totherecyclingcompany.A.isgoingtosendB.aregoingtosendC.isgoingtobesentD.aregoingtobesent7.-----Tomandhisparentswillhelpusworkinthepark.-----That’sgreat.Ifmorepeopletakepart,theparkwillbe________inashortertime.A.cleanedoutB.cleaneddownC.cleanedupD.cleanedaway8.---Chinaisacountrywith_______resources.---That’strue.ButChinaisalsoacountrywiththelargestnumberofpeople.A.richB.poorC.highD.low9.----Afterthesportsmeeting,therearesomanywaterbottlesinthedustbin.----Soourclubwillstartaprojecttocollectthemsothattheywillbe_______.A.repliedB.returnC.reduceD.reused10.-----Sir,didyouseethesign“NoParking”?-----Sorry,Ididn’tknowparkingisn’t_________here.A.preventedB.refusedC.allowedD.excepted11.Areportsaysthattheworld’snaturalgasdeposits(存儲)_______earlyinthenextcentury.A.willrunoutB.willberunoutC.willuseupD.willbecleanedup12.WhichofthefollowingactionsisNOTpartofgreenlife?A.Burningrubbishintheopenair.B.PlantingtreesinspringC.Walkingorridingbikestoschool.D.Takingashoppingbasketwhengoingshopping.13.Hisparentsfound_______totellhimeverythingthathadhappened.A.itnecessaryB.thatnecessaryC.thisnecessaryD.necessary14.—Doyouknowifhe_____backtomorrow?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.Ifhe_____back,Iwilltellyouatonce.A.comes;comes B.comes;willcomeC.willcome;comes D.willcome;willcome15.—Letmehelpyoucarrythebox,Granny.—Thankyou,LiPing.It’sverykind__________you__________me.A.of;tohelp B.for;tohelp C.of;helping D.for;tohelping16.Wehavediscussedtheprojectfortwohours.Andafterashortbreak,thediscussion________.A.willcarryonB.willbecarriedonC.hascarriedonD.werecarriedon17.Whenthefirestarted,Tomwas________tohelpallthechildrenout.Heisbothbraveandsmart.A.toocalmB.calmenoughC.toonervousD.nervousenough18.----Howsoonwillthesewastebottlesberecycled?----_______.Wehavecalledtherecyclingcompany.A.AnhouragoB.InanhourC.AfteranhourD.Foranhour19._____isreallyhard______themtoclimbsuchahighmountain.A.This;toB.It;toC.This;forD.It;for20.-----IfIworkhardatmylessonsfromnowon,canIdowellinthem?------Sure.________.A.Allriversrunintothesea.B.EverydayisnotSunday.C.BetterlatethanneverD.Manyhandsmakelightwork二、詞匯拼寫1.Drinkingwaterwith__________________（塑料）cupsaffectsourhealth.2.Heworkedhardandworkedouta_____________________（認真的）planforthisproject.3.Livingagreenlifecanhelp__________________（減少）pollution.4.Coalis________________（挖掘）upfromtheground.Itprovidesenergyforus.5.The_________（調查）ismadetofindouthowmuchpressureteenagersaresufferingatpresent.6.Whatdoyouknowaboutour___________________（組織）?7.Johndoeseverything______________（粗心）,sohismotherisalwaysworriedabouthim.8.Wasteis_________________（分開）intodifferentgroupsinsomecountries.9.Smokingtoomuchis_________________（有害的）toourhealth.Bettergiveitup.10.Thebottomoftheseaisrichinoil__________________（資源）．11.Canyoutellthe___________________betweenthetwopictures（different）?12.Peoplecanbuysomething____________________fromasecond-handshop.（use）13.Beforeyouleave,makesurethatallthewindows__________________(close).14.Inordertomakelivingareasbetter,moretreesneed___________(plant)15.Howboringitis_________________(listen)tosuchauselessreport!16.Wewon’thaveaclearskyifairpollutionisnot_________________(limit).17._______________hasbeenmoreandmorepopularinourdailylives.(recycle)18.Remembertoturnoffthelightwhen______________theroom.(leave)19.Ourschoollooks_________________withmorebambooaroundit.(nice)20.Ithinktheenergyfromthesunwon’t_________________.(handout)U7-U8核心語法講解一、被動語態的基本結構：be+動詞的過去分詞各種時態的主動、被動語態的結構如下表（以動詞do為例）時態主動語態被動語態一般現在時do/doesam/is/are+done一般過去時didwas/were+done現在完成時have/has+donehave/has+beendone一般將來時will/shall/begoingto+dowill/shall/begoingto+bedone二、主動語態和被動語態的轉換1.主動語態變為被動語態=1\*GB3①要將主動句里的賓語變為被動句中的主語，若主動句中的賓語是人稱代詞，要將賓格變成主格。=2\*GB3②把主動句中的主語變為被動句中的賓語，主格代詞變成賓格代詞，并由by引導。=3\*GB3③謂語動詞變成相應的被動形式。WeaskedhimtosinganEnglishsong.HewasaskedtosinganEnglishsongbyus.主動語態：動作執行者+謂語動詞主動形式+動作承受者被動語態：動作承受者+謂語動詞被動形式+動作執行者2．帶雙賓語的謂語動詞變為被動語態=1\*GB3①謂語動詞帶雙賓語時，既可以將間接賓語轉化成主語，也可以將直接賓語轉化成主語；=2\*GB3②若將間接賓語轉化成主語，則保留直接賓語；=3\*GB3③若將直接賓語轉化成主語則保留間接賓語，且在被保留的間接賓語前加上介詞to或for；Shegavemeabook.(變為被動語態)Iwasgivenabookbyher.（間接賓語me改為了主語）Abookwasgiventomebyher.（直接賓語abook改為了主語）3.動詞短語變為被動語態許多由不及物動詞和介詞、副詞構成的動詞短語相當于及物動詞，可以有賓語，也可以有被動語態動詞短語是一個不可分割的整體，在變為被動語態時，不可丟掉構成動詞短語的介詞或副詞。Weshouldspeaktooldmenpolitely.Oldmenshouldbespokentopolitely.4.to的“前世今生”在主動語態中，某些動詞之后帶有復合賓語，即賓語和賓語補足語，這個復合賓語由動詞不定式來充當，to被省略，但在被動語態中，這個to還要還原。eg.Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.（主動語態）Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.（被動語態）▲有這種用法的常用動詞有：一感二聽三使四看，主動語態to省略，被動語態to還原。seesbdosth（主動語態）sbbeseentodo（被動語態）一感二聽三使（使役動詞）四看feelhear、listentomake、let、have（馬蘭花）see、watch、notice、observe5.初中階段不使用被動語態的情況A.系動詞無被動Thedishtastesdelicious.Theapplesmellssweet.B.某些說明名詞本身性質的動詞。如wash,write,sell,readTheplayreadsbetterthanitacts.Thiskindofclothwasheswell.(耐洗)Thepenwritessmoothly寫起來流利。Thebookissointerestingthatitsellswell.“sell”此處為不及物動詞“銷售起來…..”作及物動詞為“賣、出售”）C.Need+V-ing“需要被….”Mycarneedsrepairing.我的車需要修理D.Too…to句型Theboxistooheavytolife.E.不及物動詞appear,disappear,fail,happen,last,remain,spread,breakout,cometrue,takeplace,belongto,rise等比較rise,fall,happen是不及物動詞；raise,seat是及物動詞。(錯)Thepricehasbeenrisen.(對)Thepricehasrisen.(錯)Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.(對)Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.(錯)Thepricehasraised.(對)Thepricehasbeenraised.6.系表結構PK被動語態有些“be+過去分詞”的結構并不是被動語態，它們有可能是“系表結構（即系動詞之后由過去分詞來充當表語）。”eg:（1）

（2）一、單項選擇()1.Thesechildrenare________fromthecity.A.mostlyB.mostC.mainlyD.main()2.Asadoctor,youshouldbepatient_______allthepatients.A.inB.withC.onD.of()3.—Dad，Iwasthefirsttoreachthetopofthehill.—Goodjob,Mary.I’m_______ofyou.A.afraidB.proudC.tiredD.careful()4.Weshould________goodeatinghabits.A.growB.developC.increaseD.find()5.Thegovernmentwantsto_______aschoolforthepoorchildren.A.putoffB.setupC.callinD.lookafter()6.EarthDay_______in1970totellustoprotectourplanet.A.setsupB.setupC.issetupD.wassetup()7.Eachyearquitealotoffood________aroundtheworld.A.waswastedB.iswastedC.wastedD.willbewasted()8.Mum,I’mhungrynow_________Ididn’thavebreakfastthismorning.A.becauseB.becauseofC.andD.but()9.—Shallwegoforapicnictomorrow?—Well,itall_________theweather.A.belongstoB.happenstoC.dependsonD.concentrateson()10.YesterdayI_________allthesalttocookdumplings.Ineedtobuysomenow.A.ateupB.runoutofC.ranofD.ranoutof()11.Whenwillthebirthdayparty________,onMondayeveningorTuesdayevening?A.holdB.beheldC.heldD.beholding()12.You’dbettertakethemapwithyou_________youwon’tgetlost.A.aslongasB.assoonasC.nowthatD.sothat()13.—WhenshouldIhandinmypaper?—Yourpapermust__________assoonasthebell___________.A.handin;ringsB.handin;willringC.behandedin;willringD.behandedin;rings()14.AnewEnglishplay_____therenextweek.A.willputonB.willbeputonC.isgoingtoputonD.willbeputtedon()15.—Ourclassroom____________everyday.—Soitis.It'sourdutytokeepitcleanandtidy.A.cleansB.iscleaningC.iscleanedD.cleaning二、動詞填空1.一Sam,you (watch)TVagain!Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?—Ofcourse,Mum;orIwon^turnontheTV..2.Don’trisk (lose)yourjob.Youknow,itisnoteasytofindagoodonenow.3.TheBrowns (tie)somestickstothetreeswhenIwalkedintotheirgarden.4.It'sthousandsofyearssincetheGreatWall (build).Howamazing!5.一DearMom,I (grow)up.Pleasedon'ttreatmelikeachildanylonger.—OK,Iwon’tpromise.6.AsArtificialIntelligence（人工智能）develops,life(change)greatlyinthefuture.7.You’renotlate.You’renotearly.Lifeisaboutwaitingfortherightmoment.(act)So,relax.8.InthefilmWrestingDad,fathersaidtohisdaughter,“Beforeyou(fight),youneedtofightwithyourfear.”三、完成句子1.校長已經下定決心提供更多的藝術課程給學生選擇。Theprincipalmoreartlessonsforstudentstochoosefrom.2.那女孩在公共場合那樣表達自己是不夠明智的。Itwasnot inthatwayinpublic.3我表弟習慣于一個人坐火車旅行，他覺得這是一種享受。 Mycousin bytrainandheenjoysitverymuch.4.梵高作品展出兩個星期了，可我還沒機會去參觀。ThepaintingsofVanGogh fortwoweeks,butIdidn'tgetachancetogo.5.弗恩很傷心，因為幾個月之后小豬威爾伯就被送到另一個農場了。FinnwasverysadbecauseWilbur justafewmonthslater.6.智慧教育工程將會對我們未來的學習產生巨大影響。TheProjectSmartEducationwill ourfuturestudy.【2023年南京市玄武區中考一模英語試題】一、單項選擇（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）請認真閱讀下列各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。1.Pleasereadthepoemontheright.Whichwordisthemostsuitablefor________?ASpringMorningByMengHaoranThisspringmorninginbedI’mlying,Nottoawaketillbirdsarecrying.Afteronenightofwindand▲,Howmanyarethefallenflowers?A.rains B.storms C.snows D.showers2.—Everythinghedoesis________towhatisconsiderednormal.—Althoughhelooksalittledifferent,hehasachievedalotinthemathfield.A.similar B.relative C.opposite D.close3.Thecouplewho________presentedwiththeawardModelCouplewillgiveaspeechontheirlife.A.is B.are C.have D.has4.—________you’rebreathing!Youmusthaverunhere.—Yes.IhadtorunbecauseIdidn’twanttokeepyouwaiting.A.Whatheavy B.Howheavy C.Howheavily D.Whatheavily5.—Hurryup,Jason!We’regoingtothecinema,buttheclothesstillneed________.—Don’tworry.