第04講Unit4AdversityandCourage重點單詞+詞組

+重點句型講練(選擇性必修三)

一、精講X3U4重點單詞+詞組

1、adversityn.困境；逆境

adverseadj.不利的，有害的；反面的

overcomeadversity克服逆境

inthefaceofadversity面對逆境

Heovercamemanypersonaladversities.多次身處逆境,他都挺了過來。

Asfiretriesgold,sodoesadversitytryvirtue.烈火煉真金，逆境見美德。

2.wagen.工資

wagedadj.有報酬的

minimumwage最低工資

aweeklywageof...周薪......

wagecuts減薪

awageincrease/riseof.........的加薪

earnalivingwage謀生,掙工資

3.bitteradj.嚴寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的

bitterlyadv.痛苦地;嚴寒地

bittercold嚴寒

abitterwind刺骨寒風

alongandbitterdispute一場漫長而激烈的爭論

comeoutwithabittersmile苦笑著出來

4.expeditionn.探險；遠征；探險隊

expeditionaryadj.遠征的

apolarexpedition南極探險

5.endurancen.忍耐力；耐久力

endurevt.忍受

physicalendurance身體耐力

endurev.忍耐，容忍

powersofendurance耐力

anendurancetest一次耐力測試

beyondendurance忍無可忍

can'tenduredoing/todosth.不能容忍做某事

6.vigourn.精力；力量；活力

vigorn.活力（美式拼寫）

fullofvigour充滿活力

vigorousadj.充滿活力的;精力充沛的;強壯的

avigorousyoungman身強力壯的年輕人

7.qualifiedadj.符合資格；具備……的知識

qualificationn.資格；資歷

aqualifiedteacher合格的教師

bequalifiedfor具備·····的學歷/資歷/知識/技能

bequalifiedtodosth.具備資歷做某

aqualifiedlawyer取得執業資格的律師

qualifyv.使具備·資格

behighly/suitably/fullyqualified高度/正好/完全符合資格

qualificationn.資格;學歷;資歷

disqualificationn.取消資格;剝奪資格

8.enthusiasticadj.熱情的；熱心的

enthusiasmn.熱情

showenthusiasm展現熱情

be/becomeenthusiasticaboutdoingsth.對做某事感興趣,對做某事熱心

anenthusiasticsupporter熱心的支持者

anenthusiasticwelcome熱烈歡迎

enthusiasticallyadv.熱情地

enthusiasmn.熱情,熱忱

with(great)enthusiasm(非常)熱情地

fullofenthusiasm充滿熱情

9.aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)

aboardadj.在船(或飛機、車)上的

goaboard上船

區分:abroadadv.在國外,到國外

goaboard上船/飛機/火車/公共汽車

beaboardtheplane/ship在飛機/船上

Welcomeaboard!歡迎乘坐!

Allaboard!請大家上船/火車/公共汽車!

形近詞:abroadadv.在國外;到國外

goabroad出國athomeandabroad國內外

10.cupboardn.櫥柜；壁櫥；衣柜

Cupboardsn.櫥柜（復數）

kitchencupboard廚房櫥柜

11.assignvt.分派；布置；分配

assignmentn.分配；任務

assignatask分配任務

assignsth.tosb./assignsb.sth.給某人分派某任務

assignsb.to/assth.指派某人做某工作/擔任某職務

threewrittenassignments三項書面作業

onassignment受委派

12.stewardn.(輪船、飛機或火車上的)乘務員；服務員

stewardess[?stju??rd?s]n.女乘務員

airlinesteward航空公司乘務員

13.envyn.&vt.羨慕；妒忌

enviousadj.羨慕的

feelenvious感到羨慕

theenvyofsb.某人羨慕/妒忌的對象

outofenvy出于嫉妒

withenvy羨慕地,妒忌地

envysb.sth.羨慕某人某事

envysb.forsth.因某事而羨慕某人

14.crushvt.毀壞；壓壞；壓碎n.擁擠的人群

crushedadj.被壓碎的

acrushofpeople擁擠的人群

becrushedtodeath壓死

getcrushed被壓壞/壓碎

15.sinkvi.(sanksunk,sunk)沉沒；下沉；下降

sinkin被理解沉;使沉沒n.洗碗槽

sinktothebottomof沉到······的底部

thesinkingsun落日

拓：sink一詞多義:倒下;頹然坐下;陷入

sinkintoachair頹然倒在椅子上

sinkdown沉落

sinkintopoverty陷入貧困中

asinkingfeeling不祥的感覺;沮喪之情

besunkinthought陷人沉思

16.abandonvt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄

abandonedadj.被遺棄的

abandonship棄船

abandondoingsth.放棄做某事

abandononeselfto沉湎于(某種情感)

拓：anabandonedfarm廢棄的農場

abandonedadj.被遺棄的,被拋棄的

anabandonedcar被拋棄的小汽車

anabandonedchild被遺棄的孩子

abandonhope放棄希望

17.blanketn.毯子

blanketsn.毯子（復數）

awarmblanket一條溫暖的毯子

18.belongingsn.[pl.]財物；動產

belongvi適應;應在(某處)

personalbelongings個人物品

拓：常用復數形式的名詞:

earnings薪水belongings財物findings調研結果

savings儲蓄金goods貨物woods樹林tears淚水

ruins廢墟congratulations祝賀surroundings環境

instructions指示;說明personalbelongings個人財物

19.miserableadj.痛苦的；令人難受的

miserablyadv.痛苦地;非常難受地;悲慘地

lookmiserable一副悶阿不樂的樣子

miserableconditions惡劣的條件

wanderaroundmiserably可憐兮兮地四處游蕩

amiserablycoldday令人難受的寒冷天氣

feelmiserable感到痛苦

20.voyagen.&vi.航海；航行

voyagesn.航海（復數）

anaround-the-worldvoyage環球航行

onthevoyageout/home出航途中/歸航途中

avoyageinspace航天

goon/make/takeavoyage去航海(強調動作)

beonavoyage在航海(強調狀態)

make/takeavoyageto..航海到···...

make/takeavoyagetoAfrica航海去非洲

辨：各種“旅行”:

海上航行用voyage

長途陸路用journey;

短途短期用trip;

旅游觀光用tour

travel用法最普遍,特別指“游記”。

21.navyn.海軍；海軍部隊

navaladj.海軍的

navalforce海軍力量

22.decentadj.相當不錯的；正派的；得體的

decencyn.適當；體面

decentlyadv.正派地;得體地

adecentjob一份體面的工作

23.cosyadj.溫馨的；舒適的

acosylittleroom溫暖舒適的小房間

acosyfeeling愜意的感覺

warmandcosy暖和又舒適

acosyroom一個溫馨的房間

24.selfishadj.自私的

selflessadj.無私的

selflesslyadv無私地；忘我地

selfishbehaviour自私的行為

Itisselfishofsb.todosth.某人做某事是自私的。

workselflessly忘我工作

actselfishly自私行事

25.good/bad-temperedadj.脾氣好的/壞的

Tempern.脾氣

agood-temperedchild脾氣好的孩子

26.genuineadj.真正的；真誠的；可信賴的

genuinelyadv.真正地

geniusn.天才

fakeadj.假的

27、genuinediamond/gold真鉆石/真金

genuinelove真誠的愛

genuinesignature親筆簽名

28.perseverevi.堅持；孜孜以求

Perseverancen.毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神

perseverevi.堅持；孜孜以求

fullofenergyandperseverance充滿活力和毅力

persevereinanattempttodosth.堅持嘗試做某事

29.resolvevi.&vt.決定；決心；解決(問題或困難)

resolutionn.決心；堅定的信念,決議；解決；堅定

resolveaconflict解決沖突

resolveaproblem解決問題

resolvetodosth.決心/決定（做）某事

resolvethat...決心/決定（做）某事

resolveondoingsth.決心/決定（做）某事

makearesolutiontodosth.決定做某事

makearesolution做出決心

31.crewn.(輪船、飛機等上面的)全體工作人員；專業團隊；一群人

crews[kru?z]n.工作人員（復數）

thecrewofaship船員

32.crueladj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的

cruellyadv.殘酷地

acruelact一個殘酷的行為

33.thoroughadj.深入的；徹底的；細致的

thoroughlyadv.徹底地

athoroughinvestigation徹底調查

34.furnituren.家具

furnishvt.供應家具

officefurniture辦公家具

35.unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遺憾地

unfortunateadj.不幸的

36.fortunatelyadv.幸運地

fortunateadj.幸運的

37.dampadj.潮濕的；濕氣重的

dampern.減震器

dampweather潮濕的天氣

38.recreationn.娛樂；消遣；游戲

recreationaladj.娛樂的

outdoorrecreation戶外運動

39.guidancen.指導；引導；導航

Guidevt.指導

careerguidance職業指導

40.nephewn.侄子；外甥

niecen.侄女；外甥女

mynephew我的侄子

41.advertisingn.廣告活動；廣告業

advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告

advertisingcampaign廣告活動

42.corporateadj.公司的；法人的；社團的

corporationn.公司

acorporateevent公司活動

43.roughadj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的

roughlyadv.大致上

aroughsea洶涌的海

44.navigatorn.領航員；(飛機、船舶等上的)航行者

navigationn.航行

askillednavigator熟練的領航員

45.loyaladj.忠誠的；忠實的

loyaltyn.忠誠

loyalcustomers忠誠的顧客

46.motorn.發動機；馬達adj.有引擎的；機動車的

motorizedadj.機動的

amotorvehicle機動車

47.candidaten.候選人；應試者

candidacyn.候選人資格

apresidentialcandidate總統候選人

48.episoden.(人生的)一段經歷；(小說的)片段；插曲

episodesn.插曲（復數）

amemorableepisode難忘的經歷

49.commitmentn.承諾；保證；奉獻

commitvt.承諾

asenseofcommitment承諾感

50.motiven.動機；原因；目的

motivatedadj.有動機的

motiveforaction行動的動機

51.turnsb.down拒絕(某人)

turndown調低turnup出現;到達;調高

turnout結果是,證明是turnto求助于;翻到

turnaround轉身turnon接通(電流、水等);打開

turnoff關掉turnover翻身;翻轉;移交

turnin上交;退還

52.be/get/becomestuckin被困在···

be/getstuckinatrafficjam遇到交通堵塞

be/gettrappedin(=be/getstuckin)被困在·····.

be/getcaughtin突然遭遇(風暴等)

常用的“get+過去分詞”結構:

gethurt受傷害getcured被治愈

getinvited被邀請getbroken壞了

getpunished受到懲罰

53.keepone'sspiritsup保持某人高昂的情緒

ateamspirit團隊精神aspiritofadventure冒險精神

inlow/highspirits情緒低落/高漲raise/liftone'sspirits振奮某人的情緒

spirit表示“情緒”時,用復數形式

one'sspiritsrise/lift/sink某人高興起來/情緒低落

54.makeit準時到達;獲得成功;設法做成

makeitto(尤指在困難情況下)到達,趕上

makeittotheairportjustintime及時到達機場

makeup編造;化妝;和好;組成

makeupfor補償;彌補

makesense講得通;有意義

makeone'sway(to)去,前往

makeuseof利用,使用

makethemostof充分利用(=makefulluseof)

55、holdon等一等;堅持住;(電話用語)別掛斷

holdonuntilhelparrives堅持直到援助到來

holdonto抓緊,不松開

holdontomyarm抓住我的手臂

holdback阻止;抑制(眼淚等)

二、精講X3U4重點句型

1、turnsb.down：However,whenIappliedtojointheexpedition,Shackletonturnedmedownbecausehethought

Iwastooyoungandwasn'tqualified.此句型中“turnsb.down”表示“拒絕某人”，如：I'mafraidourbosswill

turnmedown.另外，需注意“turndown”還有“調小”的意思，如turndowntheradio.

2、bequalifiedfor/todosth.：Theladyisideallyqualifiedforthejob.其中“bequalifiedfor”表示“具備……

資格的；適合擔任……的”，“bequalifiedtodosth.”表示“有資格做某事”，是常用表達，如：Heisqualified

toteachEnglish.其動詞形式為qualify，名詞形式為qualification.

3、abandonsth.tosb.：Theyhadtoabandontheirlandstotheinvadingforces.“abandon”意為“舍棄；拋棄；

放棄”，常用搭配有“abandononeselfto(doing)sth.”表示“縱情/沉溺于(做)某事”，“abandondoingsth.”

表示“放棄做某事”，如：Heabandonedhimselftoplayingcomputergames.形容詞形式為abandoned，意為

“廢棄的；被遺棄的；放任的”.

4、holdon：Holdonnow,Perce.“holdon”有“稍等；挺??；堅持?。?打電話)別掛斷”等意思，如：Hold

onforaminute,I'vejustgottoputonmymake-up.其相關短語有“holdup”表示“支撐起；承受??；延遲，

阻礙；搶劫”；“holdonto”表示“抓緊；不放開；保留；堅持”等

5、allowsb.todosth./allowdoingsth.：Wewerenotallowedtotakemostofourpersonalbelongings.此句

中“allowsb.todosth.”表示“允許某人做某事”，而“allowdoingsth.”則表示“允許做某事”，如：My

parentsallowmetowatchTVonweekends./Theydon'tallowsmokinghere.

6、managetodosth.：Wehavemanagedtosurvive.“managetodosth.”表示“努力做某事（成功）”，強調經

過努力最終達到目的，如：Hemanagedtofinishtheworkontime.

7、aslongas：Aslongaswedon'tloseheart,wewillsucceed.“aslongas”引導條件狀語從句，意為“只

要……”，如：Youcangoouttoplayaslongasyoufinishyourhomework.

8、whatif：Whatiftheyweredelayed?“whatif”用于提出假設或疑問，意為“如果……將會怎么樣”，如：

Whatifitrainstomorrow?.

9、Ithappenedthat...：IthappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementaboutthe

Antarcticexpedition.此句型表示“碰巧……”，如：IthappenedthatImethimonthestreet..

10、beenthusiasticabout：Iamenthusiasticabouttheidea.“beenthusiasticabout...”表示“對……熱情”，如：

Sheisenthusiasticaboutdancing.

11、getalong/onwith：Igetalongwellwithmyclassmates.“getalong/onwith...”表示“和……相處”，如：

Howdoyougetalongwithyournewpartner?.

三、X3U4精練試題

1、詞匯精練：

1．_________n．困境；逆境

2．_________adj.嚴寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的

3．________n．探險；遠征；探險隊

4．_______adj.自私的

5．_________adv.&prep.上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)

6．______vt.毀壞；壓壞；壓碎n．擁擠的人群

7．______vi.沉沒；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉沒

8．_______vt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄

9．________adj.痛苦的；令人難受的

10．_________adj.相當不錯的；正派的；得體的

11．_________adj.真正的；真誠的；可信賴的

12．________n．(輪船、飛機等上面的)全體工作人員；專業團隊；一群人

13．__________adj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的

14．__________n．家具

15．_______adj.潮濕的；濕氣重的

16．__________-n．娛樂；消遣；游戲

17．__________adj.公司的；法人的；社團的

18．_______adj.忠誠的；忠實的

19．_________n．候選人；應試者

2、詞匯拓展

1．_______n．忍耐力；耐久力→________vt.忍耐；忍受

2．________adj.符合資格；具備……的知識(或技能、學歷等)

________vt.取得資格；使合格

3．________-adj.熱情的；熱心的→_________n．熱情；熱忱

4．_______vt.分派；布置；分配→________n．分配的任務

5．______-n.&vt.羨慕；妒忌→_________adj.妒忌的

6．________n．[pl.]財物；動產→_________vi.屬于

7．_________n．毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神→________vi.堅持；孜孜以求

8．_______vi.&vt.決定；決心；解決(問題或困難)n．決心；堅定的信念

_______n．決議；解決；堅定

9．________adj.深入的；徹底的；細致的→__________-adv.徹底地

10．________-adv.不幸地；遺憾地→__________adv.幸運地

11．__________n．申請；請求；應用→________-v．申請；應用→_________n．申請人

12．_______n．指導；引導；導航→_______-v．引導

13．________n．廣告活動；廣告業→_________vt.&vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告

14．_______adj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的→_________adv.粗略地

15．________n．承諾；保證；奉獻→_________-vt.&vi.(使)作出保證；投入

16．________n．動機；原因；目的adj.發動的→_________n．動機

3、單句語法填空

1.English(navigate)JamesCook,whosailedalongthiscoastin1770,wasthefirstEuropeanknown

tohavesightedFraserIsland.

2.Nativespeciesdisappearedatarateof(rough)twoperyear,whilemorethanonenewcomerarrived.

3.HeisloyalthePartyandhewillalwaysremainso.

4.Allthemorereasonfor(candidate)tobechosenonthebasisofcompetence,notplaceofbirth.

5.Thismeansthattheclosenessandattractiontheyoncefeltisgone,andtheystaytogetheronlyoutof

(commit).

6.Agood(motor)mustleadtogoodeffect,andagoodpurposemustberealizedbygoodmeasures.

7.WheneverIencounterdifficulties,hereyeswillencouragemeandhelpmecheer.

8.Thepollutedair(give)offbycarswilldogreatharmtoourhealth,andtoomanyprivatecarswill

leadtotrafficjamsandagreatdealofenergywillbewasted.

9.Thedevelopmentand(apply)ofnewtechnologiesarekeytothesmoothconstructionofChina’s

smartairports.

10.Gothiswayabouttenminutes.Whenyouseeamotorcar(advertise),turnleft.

4、用所給詞的適當形式填空

1.Formostcitizens,(wage)aretheonlysourceofincome.

2.Although38percentofthepeoplediedofdiseasesduringthe(expedite),Cook’sdietofproperfood

kepttherestofthemhealthy.

3.Finallyoneday,Ididit,I(turn)downanunreasonablerequest.

4.Idon’tknowmuchaboutit,soIdon’tfeel(qualify)tocomment.

5.SheisinGreeceonan(assign)foroneoftheSundaynewspapers.

6.Thedigginghadleftanetworkof(abandon)minesandtunnels.

7.Hehasneverstoppedtryingandshowedgreat(persevere).

8.Theymadea(resolve)tolosealltheweightgainedduringtheChristmasholidays.

9.Ithinkthe(apply)deadlinewasNovember1st.

10.Our(commit)willbeofthehighestorder.

5、語法

1.We(discuss)theprojectfortwohours.Let’stakeabreak.

2.Atpresent,thereform(approach)itsfinalgoalthatisschoolimprovement.

3.“I(dream)ofarurallifefordecades,butmyworkhampers(阻礙)me,”Chengsays.

4.Analystsfoundthattwomillionofus(abandon)DIYoverthepasttwoyears.

5.Thecompany(promise)ariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghashappenedyet.

6.Sofar,onlythreecountries(manage)toindependentlysendhumansintospace:China,Russia

andtheU.S.

6、課文語法填空

(1)

ASUCCESSFULFAILURE

PerceBlackborowjoinedanexpeditionwithSirErnestShackletontoAntarcticaontheshipEndurancein

1914.Shackletonwasoneofthemostfamous_1______________(explore)ofhisdayanditwasconsideredagreat

honourtobepartofhisexpeditions.Below_2_________(be)someofBlackborow'sdiaryentries.

31Oct,1914

...Well,itsohappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarctic

expedition.

Anexpedition_3_________theSouthPolewiththegreatSirErnestShackleton-thisistheadventurethatI

_4______________(dream)of.AndIwasreadyforit.Attheageof19,Iamfitandfullofvigour.

_5______________,whenIappliedtojointheexpedition,ShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwas

tooyoungandwasn't_6______________(qualify).ButIwassoenthusiasticabouttheideaofgoingalongwith

them_7_____________Isecretlywentaboardhisship,theEndurance,andhidinasmallcupboard.

_8______________(unfortunate),threedaysafterwesetoffIwasdiscovered.Shackletondidnotwanttoturnback

sohe_9______________(offer)meajob,butonlyafterhepromisedme,"Ifanyonehastobeeaten,thenyouwill

bethefirst!"Heassignedmetobeasteward,andInowservemealsfortwenty-eightmen,threetimes

_10___________day.

HoweveryonewillenvymewhenIcomebackandtellthemabouttheamazingplacesIhavebeen

_11________!

21Nov,1915

Thejourneyhasnotbeeneasy.Endurancebecame_12______________(stick)intheiceasweapproached

Antarctica.Theicefrozearoundusandwewerewelland_13______________(true)stuck!Wesawtheshipget

_14______________(crush)bytheice.Andwhentheshipsank,ourheartssank_15_______it.

_16___________weabandonedtheship,Shackletoncalmlycalledustogetherandtoldustorescueourmost

essentialsupplies-thesmallboats,ourfood,thecookstove,candles,clothes,andblankets.Thiswasnotime

_17______________(panic).Wewerenotallowedtotakemostofourpersonal_18______________(belonging),

andShackletonhimselfthrewawayallhisgold.Buttooursurprise,heallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo.Hussey

oftenplaysittokeepour_19______________(spirit)up.

Wehavenowcampedontheiceandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive,butspringiscoming,andtheicewill

soonbegintomelt.

20May,1916

We_20______________(struggle)fordays,butthingsonElephantIslandaregoingfrombadtoworse.We

arenowcrowdedtogetherunderoneofourboatsonthe_21______________(rock)shoreofthismiserableplace.

Soonafterwearrived,ShackletonleftustofindhelponSouthGeorgiaIsland,1,320kilometresaway-thevoyage

wastoodangerousanddifficultforallofustomake_22_________inoursmallboats.IfShackletonfails,willwe

haveanyhopeofrescue?No.NonavyintheworldeverstopsatElephantIsland,andnooneelseknowsthatwe

arehere.

Ifeellow.It'scoldandwindy.Theislandhasnoplants.Sometimesweareabletocatchasealorapenguinto

eat.Otherwise,thereisnofood.Itrytothinkofhappierthings:decentfood,warmanddryclothes,acosybedroom,

sunnydays,andmymother'sface..._23____________,thesehappymemoriesaresooninterruptedby

_24_________suddencoldrushofair.Ishouted,"Shutthedoor!"

"Holdonnow,Perce.Don'tyougo_25______________(turn)intoanotherTom,"camethereply."We've

caughtanotherpenguin,soit'spenguinsouptonight!"

BlessFrankWild,thekindestmanthereisafterourleader,ErnestShackleton.HowcouldIbecome

_26___________selfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees!

WithoutFrankandErnest,we'dallbedeadbynow.Theirgenuineconcernforothers,their

_27______________(persevere),andtheirresolvefillmewithhope.Perhapsthereisachancewewillreturnhome,

afterall.

(2)

THEREWARDFORPERSEVERANCE

WewatchedasShackletonandtheboatsailedawayfromElephantIsland.Itwaseasy

_1______________(imagine)thedangeraheadofthem.Wouldtheyeverreturntofindus?Whatmighthappento

them?Whatifthey_2______________(delay)?Wefeltsoaloneanddesperate.Butitwasnotforlong.Therewas

nothinglikeagooddinnerandsomemusic_3______________(cheer)usup.

Life_4______________(fall)intoaregularpattern.Stayingalivetookallourtimeandenergy.Forexample,

weneededwater,andElephantIslandhadnone.Wefoundthatwecouldmelticefromtheoceananddrinkthe

waterfromit.Buthowcouldwemakefire?Therewerenotrees_5______________(grow)onAntarcticaandno

oil,sotheonlyfuelwecouldusewasanimalfat.Thisgave_6___________oily,blacksmoke,butitstayed

_7______________(burn)eveninstrongwinds.

Foodwasalsoaproblem,aswedidnotfindanyvegetablesorfruitontheisland.Oneofourgroupmembers,

LionelGreenstreet,notedinhisdiaryabouthowboredhewas_8____________themeals:"Thefoodnowispretty

wellallmeatofseacreatures."Ifitweren'tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.Asachef,itwasmydutytocook,

soItriedtovarythemealsin_9____________wayIcould.Butitwasdifficult.

Wehadtobecarefulnottogooutsidetoooften,asthechangingtemperaturescouldmakeusill.Itwasalmost

_10__________dangeroustobecometoohotfromwearingtoomanyclothesastobecometoocoldfromwearing

toofew.Thesweatcouldfreezeveryquickly.Manyofusalsobecameillfromtheblacksmokeoftheanimalfatwe

burnt_11___________ourfires.Itdamagedoureyesandburntourlungs.

Thetwenty-twoofuslivedlikethisinthecoldforfourmonths.Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptus

optimisticandhelpedusdealwithourfears_12__________apositiveandsuccessfulway.Wealsocelebratedour

birthdays,festivals,andeventhetimes_13____________wecaughtaseaanimal.Thiswasanepisodeinmylife

thatIwouldneverforget.

Whenwewerefinallyrescued,wefelt_14___________reliefandjoythatmanyofuscouldnothideourtears.

Wewereatlastfreetogohometowarmbeds,goodfood,andthecareofourfamilyandfriends.Ouroptimismand

faith_15___________Shackletonhadhelpeduspersevereinstayingalive.Andhepaidusbackbyhis

commitmenttosaveusfromaslow_16___________painfuldeath.

X3U4精練試題答案

一、1.adversity2.bitter3.expedition4.selfish5.aboard6.crush7.sink8.abandon9.miserable10.decent11.

genuine12.crew13.cruel14.furniture15damp16.recreation

17.corporate18.loyal19.candidate

二、1.endurance;endure2.qualified;qualify3.enthusiastic;enthusiasm4.assign;assignment5.envy;envious6.

belongings;belong7.perseverance;persevere8.resolve;resolution9.thorough;thoroughly10.unfortunately;

fortunately11.application;apply;applicant12.guidance;guide13.advertising;advertise14.rough;roughly15.

commitment;commit16.motive;motivation

三、1.Englishnavigator(navigate)JamesCook,whosailedalongthiscoastin1770,wasthefirstEuropeanknown

tohavesightedFraserIsland.

2.Nativespeciesdisappearedatarateofroughly(rough)twoperyear,whilemorethanonenewcomerarrived.

3.HeisloyaltothePartyandhewillalwaysremainso.

4.Allthemorereasonforcandidates(candidate)tobechosenonthebasisofcompetence,notplaceofbirth.

5.Thismeansthattheclosenessandattractiontheyoncefeltisgone,andtheystaytogetheronlyoutof

commitment(commit).

6.Agoodmotive(motor)mustleadtogoodeffect,andagoodpurposemustberealizedbygoodmeasures.

7.WheneverIencounterdifficulties,hereyeswillencouragemeandhelpmecheerup.

8.Thepollutedairgiven(give)offbycarswilldogreatharmtoourhealth,andtoomanyprivatecarswillleadto

trafficjamsandagreatdealofenergywillbewasted.

9.Thedevelopmentandapplication(apply)ofnewtechnologiesarekeytothesmoothconstructionofChina’s

smartairports.

10.Gothiswayabouttenminutes.Whenyouseeamotorcaradvertisement(advertise),turnleft.

四、1.Formostcitizens,wages(wage)aretheonlysourceofincome.

2.Although38percentofthepeoplediedofdiseasesduringtheexpedition(expedite),Cook’sdietofproperfood

kepttherestofthemhealthy.

3.Finallyoneday,Ididit,Iturned(turn)downanunreasonablerequest.

4.Idon’tknowmuchaboutit,soIdon’tfeelqualified(qualify)tocomment.

5.SheisinGreeceonanassignment(assign)foroneoftheSundaynewspapers.

6.Thedigginghadleftanetworkofabandoned(abandon)minesandtunnels.

7.Hehasneverstoppedtryingandshowedgreatperseverance(persevere).

8.Theymadearesolution(resolve)tolosealltheweightgainedduringtheChristmasholidays.

9.Ithinktheapplication(apply)deadlinewasNovember1st.

10.Ourcommitment(commit)willbeofthehighestorder.

五、1.Wehavebeendiscussing(discuss)theprojectfortwohours.Let’stakeabreak.

2.Atpresent,thereformhasapproached(approach)itsfinalgoalthatisschoolimprovement.

3.“Ihavebeendreaming(dream)ofarurallifefordecades,butmyworkhampers(阻礙)me,”Chengsays.

4.Analystsfoundthattwomillionofushaveabandoned(abandon)DIYoverthepasttwoyears.

5.Thecompanyhasbeenpromising(promise)ariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghashappenedyet.

6.Sofar,onlythreecountrieshavemanaged(manage)toindependentlysendhumansintospace:China,Russiaand

theU.S.

六、答案解析

1、explorers：“oneof+可數名詞復數”表示“……之一”，此處指“最著名的探險家之一”，所以用explore

的名詞復數形式explorers。

2、are：此句是倒裝句，主語是“someofBlackborow'sdiaryentries”，為復數概念，描述的是一般情況，所

以用一般現在時的be動詞復數形式are。

3、to：“anexpeditionto...”表示“去……的探險”，此處指去南極的探險，用介詞to表示方向。

4、haddreamed：此處表示“這是我一直夢想的冒險”，夢想這個動作在“readtheadvertisement”之前就已

經存在，是過去的過去，所以用過去完成時haddreamed。

5、However：前文提到自己準備好了，后文說被拒絕了，前后是轉折關系，所以用However表轉折。

6、qualified：“bequalified”表示“合格的，有資格的”，符合語境，此處用形容詞作表語。

7、that：“so...that...”是固定句型，引導結果狀語從句，表示“如此……以至于……”，符合此處語境。

8、Unfortunately：此處修飾整個句子，要用副詞形式，在句首作狀語，所以用Unfortunately，意為“不幸

的是”。

9、offered：文章整體是在敘述過去發生的事情，用一般過去時，此處offer的過去式為offered，符合時態

要求。

10、a：“threetimesaday”表示“一天三次”，是固定表達。

11、to：“havebeento”表示“去過（某地）”，強調有這樣的經歷，符合語境。

12、stuck：“becomestuck”表示“被困住”，stuck是stick的過去分詞形式，在這里作表語，符合“get/become

+過去分詞”的結構，表