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西醫綜合-內科學T1

(總分:100.00,做題時間:90分鐘)

一、SectionIUseofEnglish(總題數:1,分數:10.00)

ManyforeignerswhohavenotvisitedBritaincallalltheinhabitantsEnglish,fortheyare

usedtothinkingoftheBritishIslesasEngland.(1),theBritishIslescontainavariety

ofpeoples,andonlythepeopleofEnglandcallthemselvesEnglish.Theothers(2)to

themselvesasWelsh,Scottish,orIrish,(3)thecasemaybe;theyareoftensiightly

annoyed(4)beingclassifiedas"English”.

EveninEnglandtherearemany(5)inregionalcharacterandspeech.Thechief(6)is

betweensouthernEnglandandnorthernEngland.Southofa(7)goingfromBristoltoLondon,

peoplespeakthetypeofEnglishusuallylearntbyforeignstudents,(8)therearelocal

variations.

Furthernorth,regionalspeechisusually"⑼"thanthatofsouthernBritain.Northerners

are(10)toclaimthattheyworkharderthanSoutherners,andaremore(11)Theyare

openheartedandhospitable;foreignersoftenfindthattheymakefriendswiththem(12).

Northernersgenerallyhavehearty(13):thevisitortoLancashireorYorkshire,for

instance,maylookforwardtoreceivinggenerous(14)atmealtimes.

InaccentandcharacterthepeopleoftheMidiands(15)agradualchangefromthesouthern

tothenortherntypeofEnglishman.

InScotlandthesound(16)bytheletter〃R"isgenerallyastrongsound,and〃R"isoften

pronouncedinwordsinwhichitwouldbe(17)insouthernEnglish.TheScotsaresaidtobe

aserious,cautious,thriftypeople,(18)inventiveandsomewhatmystical.AlltheCeltic

peoplesofBritain(theWelsh,theIrish,theScots)arefrequently(19)asbeingmore

“fiery"thantheEnglish.Theyare(20)aracethatisquitedistinctfromtheEnglish.

(分數:10.00)

(1).[A]Inconsequence[B]Inbrief[C]Ingeneral[D]Infact(分數:0.50)

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析:此題屬于語篇連接題。選項[A]Inconsequence表示“因此”,表因果關系:選項[B]Inbrief表

示“總而言之”,用于總結上文;選項[C]Ingeneral表示“一般說來”,用于概括敘述;選項[D]In

fact表示“實際上”,常用于語氣的轉折。文章首句說:很多沒有到過大不列顛的外國人把那里所有的

居民統稱為English,即英國人,因為他們習慣把大不列顛群島稱為英格蘭。下文強調:大不列顛群島住

著各種民族,而只有居住在英格蘭的人們才把自己稱為English,因此兩句之間是轉折關系。[D]是正確

答案。

(2).[A]confine[B]attach[C]refer[D]add(分數:0.50)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析:此題屬于語意搭配題。選項[C]refer:referto...as...表示“把…稱為…",例如:California

isreferredtoaswGoldenState”.(加利福尼亞被稱為"黃金之州”。)選項[A]confine:

confine...to...表示“把…局限于“,例如:Couldyouconfineyourdiscussiontothematterin

question?(你能把發言限定在正在討論的問題上嗎?)選項[B]attach:attach...to...表示“系上,貼

上,依戀”,例如:Iattachedaphototomyapplicationform.(我在申請表上貼了一張照片。)選

項[D]add:addto表示“增加”,相當于increase,例如:Thenewsaddedtohisanxiety.(這條消

息增加了他的焦慮。)

全句可譯為:其他居民把自己稱為“威爾士人”、“蘇格蘭人”或“愛爾蘭人”。

(3).[A]as[B]which[C]for[D]so(分數:0.50)

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析:此題屬于語法題。根據語法,本題應填入非限定性定語從句的關系代詞,故在選項[A]as與選項

[B]which之間選擇。兩者均可引導非限定性定語從句,指代整個主句的意思,但as引導的定語從句對

主句起相輔作用,表示“正如”等意義,位置靈活,可置于句首、句中或句末。例如:Asisknownto

all,waterconsistsofoxygenandhydrogen.(眾所周知,水是由氧和氫組成的。)所以[A]as是正

確答案。選項[C]for用于并列句中,表示“因為",例如:Icaughtacold,forIhadbeen

walkingaroundintherain.選項[D]so也用于并列句中,表示“所以"。

(4).[A]with[B]by[C]at[D]for(分數:0.50)

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析:此題屬于詞語搭配題。動詞annoy的習慣用法是:l)beannoyedatsth.,對(某事)感到生氣,例

如;Iwasannoyedathisimpoliteness.(我對他的無禮感到生氣)02)beannoyedwithsb.,對(某

人)感到生氣,例如:Shewasannoyedwithhimforhisbeinglate,(她對他的遲到感到生氣)。其余

選項[A]with、[B]by和[D]for都不合題意,故選[C]。

全句可譯為:他們(指威爾士人、蘇格蘭人和愛爾蘭人)對被一概歸并為“English”常感到有些不快。

(5).[A]similarities[B]differences[C]certainties[D]features(分數:0.50)

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析:此題屬于語意搭配題。本題要求注意上下文的邏輯關系,上文講到英倫三島有好幾種民族,下文講

英格蘭各地區,even表示順接上文,語氣更近一步,可見下文還要講差異。故選項[A]similarities(相

同性),選項[C]certainties(確實性)和選項[D]features(特征)均不符合題意,正確答案是

[B]differences(不同)?

全句可譯為:甚至在英格蘭,人們的性格與方言也存在著許多區域性的不同。

(6).[A]factor[B]virtue[C]privilege[D]division(分數:0.50)

A.

B.

C.

D.V

解析:此題屬于語意搭配題。前一句中的differences暗示此句應選[D]division(區分,不一致)。選項

[A]factor表示"因素”,例如:Hisfriendlymannerisanimportantfactorinhissuccess.選

項[B]virtue表示“美德”,例如:Thevirtueofhonestyisofimportance.選項[C]privilege表示

“特權,特別的優惠”,例如:Educationisaprivilegeinmanycountries.

全句可譯為:主要的區別在于英格蘭南北部之間。

(7).[A]line[B]row[C]border[D]scale(分數:0.50)

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析:此題屬于語意搭配題。選項[A]line表示“線,線條”,例如:(l)drawaline(2)afishing

line;選項[B]row表示“行,排”,例如:arowofhouses;選項[C]border表示“邊界,邊沿”,例

如:aborderofflowersroundthelawn(草坪四周邊緣的花壇);選項[D]scale表示“尺度,規

模”,例如:businessonalargescale(大規模的生意)。本句含義為:在英格蘭劃一條從布里斯托到

倫敦的線用以區別南部和北部,故選項[A]是正確答案。

(8).[A]who[B]when[C]though[D]for(分數:0.50)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析:此題屬于語篇連接題。主句與分句之間應是讓步關系,故選[C]though。其余選項:[A]wh。、[B]

when和[D]for都不符合題意。

全句可譯為:從布里斯托到倫敦的連線以南,人們所說的英語就是外國學生通常學的那種英語,盡管有些

地方性差異。

(9).[A]wider[B]broader[C]rarer[D]scarcer(分數:0.50)

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析:此題屬于語意搭配題。選項[D]broader表示“寬的,廣闊的”,例如:broadshoulders(寬闊的

肩膀);也可用于表示肩發音方面的)帶…口音的,…口音重的",即(ofawayofspeaking)strongly

marked,例如:abroadaccent(帶著明顯的…口音)。因此[D]是正確答案。選項[A]wider表示“寬松

的,廣泛的"(coveringalargespaceorrangeofthings),例如:awideskirt(寬松的裙子):又

如:wideinterests(廣泛的興趣)。選項[C]rarer和選項[D]scarcer都表示“稀少的“'

全句可譯為:越往北去,方言的差異通常比英國南部更大。

(10).[A]used[B]apt[C]possible[D]probable(分數:0.50)

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析:此題屬于詞語搭配題。選項[B]apt:beapttodosth.表示“傾向于,習慣于”,例如:A

carelesspersonisapttomakemistakes.(?個粗心人往往犯錯誤)。因此[E]符合題意和語法。選項

[A]used:beusedtosth./doingsth.表示“習慣于",例如:Hehasbeenusedtotheweather

here.選項[C]possible的用法是Itispossiblethat...或Itispossibleforsb.todosth.,

例如:ItispossiblethatIshallgotheretomorrow.選項[D]probable用法為:Somethingis

probableo或Itisprobablethat...,例如:Itisprobablethatitwillrain.這三項都與原句

不符。故選[D]。

(11).[A]perfect[B]notorious[C]superior[D]thorough(分數:0.50)

A.

B.

C.

D.V

解析:此題屬于語意搭配題。選項[D]thorough表示“徹底的,完全的,純正的",可與more構成比較

級,因此是正確答案。選項[A]perfect表示“完美的”,沒有比較級和最高級形式;選項[D]notorious

表不“臭名昭著的”,例如:anotoriousthief(聲名狼藉的竊賊),此選項與上下文內容相悖;選項

[C]superior表示“比…好,優越”,已含有比較級含義,但不能與more連用,通常用法是Ais

superiortoB,例如:ThisTVsetissuperiortothatoneinquality.(這臺電視機比那臺的質量

要好。)

全句可譯為:北部人往往聲稱他們比南部人更勤奮,因而是更純粹的英國人。

(12).[A]swiftly[B]promptly[C]immediately[D]quickly(分數:0.50)

A.

B.

C.

D.V

解析:此題屬于近義詞辨析題。四個詞都表示“立刻地”,但著重點不同。選項[A]swiftly強調行為發

生的敏捷性,例如:Theydeniedtheaccusationswiftly.(他們很快否認那樁起訴)。選項

[B]promptly和選項[C]immediately都含有withoutdelay的意義,例如:V11deliveryour

purchasespromptly.(我會立刻送你買的貨)。又如:IcameimmediatelyafterIhadhad

dinner.選項[D]quickly意為afteronlyaveryshontime,例如:Irealizedfairlyquicklythat

Iwaswrong.

全句可譯為:北方人一般很親切、好客,外國人經常發現自己能很快和他們交上朋友。

(13).[A]appetites[B]tastes[C]interests[D]senses(分數:0.50)

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析:此題屬于語意搭配題。heartyappetites表示“心寬體胖胃口好”,選項[B]tastes表示“滋味,

鑒賞力”,例如:asweettaste(甜味):又如:atasteformusic(音樂鑒賞力)。選項、[C]interests

表示“興趣",例如:aninterestinmusic(對音樂的愛好)。選項[D]senses表示“感覺,見識”,例

如:asenseoffear(恐懼感);又如:commonsense(常識)。這三個選項都不符合題意。

(14).[A]helpings[B]offerings[C]fillings[D]findings(分數:0.50)

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析:此題屬于語意搭配題。選項[A]helpings可表示“(飯菜的)分量”,正合句意。選項

[D]offerings(供奉的物品),[C]fillings(填充物)和[D]findings(發現結果)放在句子中都講不通。

全句可譯為:北部人一般心寬體胖胃口好,例如,到蘭開郡或約克郡的參觀者在吃飯時可以有望吃到豐盛

的飯菜。

(15).[A]represent[B]designate[C]demonstrate[D]reckon(分數:0.50)

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析:此題屬于語意搭配題。選項[A]represent表示"表示,代表“,例如:Fortheboy,hisfather

representspower.選項[B]designate表示"標明,指明",例如:designatethecityonthemap;

選項[C]demonstrate表示”證明,演示",例如:demonstratehowtooperatethemachine;選項

[D]reckon表示“認為”,

例如:Wereckonhim(tobe)diligent.原句中提到了Midland(中部地區)與南北部之間的關系,可推斷

其意為:從中部地區就可看出南北英國人之間的差異,故選[A]。

全句可譯為:在口音和特征方面米德蘭地區(英格蘭中部)的人代表了從南部型英格蘭人到北部型英格蘭人

的逐漸變化。

(16).[A]delivered[B]denoted[C]depicted[D]defined(分數:0.50)

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析:此題屬于形近詞辨析題。選項[B]denoted表示“表示,意味著",例如:Asmileoftendenotes

pleasure.(微笑常意味著愉快)。原句講字母R的發音.應選[B]。選項[A]delivered表示“交付,投

遞,表達”,例如:deliverletters,又如:deliveraspeech;選項[C]depicted表示"描繪",例

如:Thispaintingdepictsastory.(這幅畫描述了一個故事)。選項[D]defined表示"給…下定

義”,例如:Somewordsarehardtodefine.

(17).[A]quiet[B]obscure[C]faint[D]silent(分數:0.50)

A.

B.

C.

D.V

解析:此題屬于語意搭配題。此處指語言學中的單詞中不發音的字母,用silent表示,選項[A]quiet(安

靜的),選項[B]obscure(模糊不清的)和選項[C]faint(微弱的)都不正確。

全句可譯為:在蘇格蘭,字母“R”所表示的是強音,且“R”常常在有些詞中讀出聲來,而在南部英語中

這些詞的R是不發音的。

(18).[A]rather[B]still[C]somehow[D]even(分數:0.50)

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析:此題屬于語意搭配題,考查副詞含義的區別。選項[A]rather表示“有點,(toamoderate

extent,quite),如:arathercoldday0下文中的somewhat揭示我們應選-一個與其意義相近的詞,故

[A]是正確答案。選項[Distill表示“仍然”°選項[C]somehow表示“用某種方式,總算”,如:

SomehoworotherIwasabletoworkitout.選項[D]even表示“甚至”,如:Itisevencolder

today.

全句可譯為:蘇格蘭人被認為是嚴肅、謹慎、儉樸的,富有創意又有點兒神秘。

(19).[A]rendered[B]thought[C]impressed[D]described(分數:0.50)

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析:此題屬詞語搭配題。選項[A]rendered:render+名詞+形容詞,表示“使…成為(某種狀態)”,

如:Thesightrenderedhershocked.選項[B]thought:thinkofsth./sb.as表示“把…認為

是…”>如:Wethoughtofhimasourbestfriend.選項[C]impressed:impresssb.表示“給…留

下印象”,如:Themuseumimpressedmedeeply.選項[D]described:describe..?as表示“把...描

述為…”,如:Hedescribedhimasanartist.[D]是正確答案。

全句可譯為:英倫三島的所有凱爾特人種(威爾士人、愛爾蘭人、蘇格蘭人)常被描繪成比英格蘭人“性格

更加粗獷”。

(20).[A]with[B]of[C]among[D]against(分數:0.50)

A.

B.

C.

D.V

解析:此題屬于語法題,需填入一個能表示“有…特征”的介詞,介詞。f有這種用法,例如:awoman

ofability0因此選其余選項:[A]with>[C]among和[D因gainst都沒有這種用法。

全句可譯為:他們具有與英國人完全不同的血統。

二、SectionIIReadingComprehension(總題數:0,分數:0.00)

三、PartA(總題數:0,分數:0.00)

四、Text1(總題數:1,分數:10.00)

Insperfectlyfreeandopenmarketeconomy,thetypeofemployer-governmentorprivate

shouldhavelittleornoimpactontheearningsdifferentialsbetweenwomenandmen.

However,ifthereisdiscriminationagainstonesex.itisunlikelythatthedegreeof

discriminationbygovernmentandprivateemployerswillbethesame.Differencesinthe

degreeofdiscriminationwou1dresultinearningsdifferentialsassociatedwiththetypeof

employer.Giventhenatureofgovernmentandprivateemployers,itseemsmostlikelythat

discriminationbyprivateemployerswouldbegreater.Thusonewouldexpectthat,ifwomen

arebeingdiscriminatedagainst,governmentemploymentwouldhaveapositiveeffecton

women'searningsascomparedwiththeirearningsfromprivateemployment.Theresultsofa

studybyFuchssupportthisassumption.Fuchs'sresultssuggestthattheearningsofwomen

inanindustrycomposedentirelyofgovernmentemployeeswou1dbe14.6percentgreaterthan

theearningsofwomeninanindustrycomposedexclusivelyofprivateemployees,otherthings

beingequal.

Inaddition,bothFuchsandSanbornhavesuggestedthattheeffectofdiscriminationby

consumersontheearningsofself-employedwomenmaybegreaterthantheeffectofeither

governmentorprivateemployerdiscriminationontheearningsofwomenemployees.Totest

thishypothesis.BrownselectedalargesampleofWhitemaleandfemaleworkersfromthe

1970Censusanddividedthemintothreecategories:privateemployees,governmentemployees,

andself-employed.(Blackworkerswereexcludedfromthesampletoavoidpickingupearnings

differentialsthatweretheresultofracialdisparities.)Brown'sresearchdesign

controlledforeducation,labor-forceparticipation,mobility,motivation,andageinorder

toeliminatethesefactorsasexplanationsofthestudy*sresults.Brown'sresultssuggest

thatmenandwomenarenottreatedthesamebyemployersandconsumers.Formen,self-

employmentisthehighestearningscategory,withprivateemploymentnextandgovernment

lowest.Forwomen,thisorderisreversed.

OnecaninferfromBrown'sresultsthatconsumersdiscriminateagainstself-employedwomen.

Inaddition,self-employedwomenmayhavemoredifficultythanmeningettinggoodemployees

andmayencounterdiscriminationfromsuppliersandfromfinancialinstitutions.

Brown*sresultsareclearlyconsistentwithFuchs'sargumentthatdiscriminationby

consumershasagreaterimpactontheearningsofwomenthandoesdiscriminationbyeither

governmentorprivateemployers.Also,thefactthatwomendobetterworkingforgovernment

thanforprivateemployersimpliesthatprivateemployersarediscriminatingagainstwomen.

Theresultsdonotprovethatgovernmentdoesnotdiscriminateagainstwomen.Theydo,

however,demonstratethatifgovernmentisdiscriminatingagainstwomen,itsdiscrimination

isnothavingasmucheffectonwomen'searningsasisdiscriminationintheprivatesector.

(分數:10.00)

(1).Theauthorwou1dbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichofthefollowingconclusions?

[A]Bothprivateemployersandgovernmentemployersdiscriminate,withequaleffectson

women*searnings.

[B]Ifprivateemployersandgovernmentemployersdiscriminate,thediscriminationby

privateemployershasagreatereffectonwomen'searnings.

[C]Privateemployersdiscriminate;itispossiblethatgovernmentemployersdiscriminate.

[D]Privateemployersdiscriminate;governmentemployersdonotdiscriminate.(分數:2.00)

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析:[注釋]作者觀點題。本題問:作者最可能同意下面哪一個結論?第1段第2句寫道:“然而,假如

存在對某一種性別的歧視,政府雇主和私營雇主的歧視程度不可能是相同的?!钡?句又寫道:“由于政

府雇主和私營雇主的性質不同,私營雇主的歧視可能會更大些了。”可見,[B]符合上述句意。

(2).AccordingtoBrown,sstudy,women's,earningscategoriesoccurinwhichofthefollowing

orders,fromhighestearningstolowestearnings?

[A]Governmentemployment,seif-emp1oyment,privateemployment.

[B]Privateemployment,self-employment,governmentemployment.

[C]Governmentemployment,privateemployment,self-employment.

[D]Self-employment,privateemployment,governmentemployment.(分數:2.00)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析:[注釋]細節推理題。本題問:根據布朗的研究,婦女的收入范疇從高到低應是下面哪一種順序?解

這類題,首先要注意題干中的信息信號詞:Brown'sstudy,women'searningscategories,orderso根

據上述信號詞,為所找信息進行段落定位;第2段最后三句。這三句寫道:“布朗的研究成果表明,雇主

與消費者對待男子與女子的態度不同。對男子而言,個體經營收入最高,私營企業工作其次,政府單位工

作最低。對于女子來說,這個順序正好倒過來了?!笨梢?,[C]符合此意。

(3).Thetextmentionsallofthefollowingasdifficultiesthatself-employedwomenmay

encounterEXCEPT

[A]discriminationfromsuppliersandconsumers.

[B]discriminationfromfinancialinstitutions.

[C]problemsinobtaininggoodemployees.

[D]problemsinobtaininggovernmentassistance.(分數:2.00)

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析:[注釋]細節辨認題。本題問:下面哪一點不是本文提到的個體經營婦女所遇到的困難?第3段寫

道:“人們可以從布朗的研究成果中推理,消費者歧視個體經營的婦女。此外,個體經營的婦女比男子在

雇用優秀雇員方面會遇到更多的困難,還可能遇、到來自供貨商和金融機構方面的歧視。”可見,只有

[D]“在得到政府幫助方面所遇到的困難”文中沒有提到。

(4).Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatwhatisstatedinthelastparagraphismost

probably

[A]Brown,selaborationofhisresearchresults.

[B]Brown*stentativeinferencesfromhisdata.

[C]Brown,sconclusionsbasedoncommon-sensereasoning.

[D]theauthor,sconclusion,basedonFuchs'sandBrown,sresults.(分數:2.00)

A.

B.

C.

D.V

解析:[注釋]總結歸納題。本題問:從本文可以推理,最后一段中所敘述的內容很可能是什么?最后一段

?開頭作者就提到,布朗的研究成果與法克的論據是明顯一致的。接著說到,私人雇主歧視婦女,但這不

等于說,政府雇主不歧視。可是,對比之下,私人雇主的歧視對婦女收入的影響更大。由此可見,最后一

段的內容是作者根據布朗和法克的研究成果而得出的結論。[D]表達的即為此意。

(5).Thebesttitlewhichdescribesthecontentofthetextasawholewouldbe

[A]TheRelativeEffectofDiscriminationbyGovernmentEmployers,PrivateEmployers,and

ConsumersonWomen*sEarnings.

[B]HowDiscriminationAffectsWomen*sChoiceofTypeofEmployment.

[C]TheNecessityforEliminatingEarningsDifferentialsinaFreeMarketEconomy.

[D]TheRelativeEffectofPrivateEmployerDiscriminationonMen'sEarningsasComparedto

Women'sEarnings:(分數:2.00)

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析:[注釋]全文主旨題。從全文內容來看,本文闡述了政府雇主、私人雇主和消費者對婦女收入的影

響。解這類題的技巧是:抓兩頭,帶中間。首先要抓住第1段中的主題信息句,即第一段第4句:Given

thenatureofgovernmentandprivateemployers,itseemsmostlikelythatdiscriminationby

privateemployerswouldbegreater.然后,抓住全文的結論句:Theydo,however,demonstrate

thatifgovernmentisdiscriminatingagainstwomen,itsdiscriminationisnothavingsomuch

effectonwomen'searningsasisdiscriminationintheprivatesector.接著掃描第2段,抓住

段落主題句:Inaddition,bothFuchsandSanbornhavesuggestedthattheeffectof

discriminationbyconsumersontheearningsofself-employedwomenmaybegreaterthanthe

effectofeithergovernmentorprivateemployerdiscriminationontheearningsofwomen

employees.掃描第3段,抓住關鍵詞:Brown'sresults。最后進行綜合歸納,從4個選項中排除片面、

籠統、杜撰的干擾項,選取一個最具概括力的選項。這樣,你就能披荊斬棘,所向披靡。勝利永遠是屬于

你的!

五、Text2(總題數:1,分數:10.00)

AprovenmethodforeffectivetextbookreadingistheSQ3RmethoddevelopedbyFrancis

Robinson.Thefirststepistosurvey(theSstep)thechapterbyreadingthetitle,

introduction,sectionheadings,summaryandbystudyinganygraphs,tables,illustrationsor

charts.Thepurposeofthisstepistogetanoverviewofthechaptersothatyouwi11know

beforeyoureadwhatitwillbeabout.Inthesecondstep(theQstep),foreachsectionyou

askyourselfquestionssuchas“WhatdoIalreadyknowaboutthistopic?"and"WhatdoI

wanttoknow?”Inthisstepyoualsotakethesectionheadingandturnitintoaquestion.

Thisstepgivesyouapurposeforreadingthesection.Thethirdstep(thefirstofthe3

R's)istoreadtofindtheanswertoyourquestions.Thenattheendofeachsection,

beforegoingontothenextsection,yourecite(thesecondofthe3R's)theanswerstothe

questionsthatyouformedinthequestionstep.Whenyoureciteyoushouldsaythe

informationyouwanttolearnoutloudinyourownwords.Thefifthstepisdoneafteryou

havecompletedsteps2,3and4foreachsection.Youreview(thelastofthe3R's)the

entirechapter.Thereviewisdonemuchasthesurveywasinthefirststep.Asyoureview,

holdamentalconversationwithyourselfasyourecitetheinformationyouselectedas

importanttolearn.Thementalconversationcouldtaketheformofaskingandansweringthe

questionsfromedfromtheheadingsorreadingthesummary,whichliststhemainideasinthe

chapter,andtryingtofillinthedetailsforeachmainidea.

(分數:10.00)

(1).ThepassageimpliesthattheSQ3Rmethod.

A.needstobeproven

B.leavesmuchtohedesired

C.turnsouttobepracticable

D.cannotbeusedbyeveryreader(分數:2.00)

A.

B.

C.

D.

解析:被證明是可行的。段首句指出,SQ3R被證實是有效的閱讀課本的方法。A,需要被證明。B,有很

多缺點。D,不應為所有讀者使用。

(2).TheSQ3Rmethodconsistsofsteps.

A.threeB.four

C.fiveD.seven(分數:2.00)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析:從文中可知,SQ3R包括Survey,Question,Read,Recite和review這五個步驟。

(3).Accordingtothepassage,thefirststephelpsthereaders_.

A.readfirstseveralparagraphs

B.scanthewholechapter

C.studythegraphs

D.getthethemeofthechapter(分數:2.00)

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析:獲知這一章的主題。從第三句可知,這一步驟的目的是讀本章前知道它是關于什么的。A,讀前兒

段。B,瀏覽全章。C,研究圖表。

(4).Whichofthefollowingisthefourthstep?

A.Toquestionyourself.

B.Toreadforinformation.

C.Toutteryouranswers.

D.Todrawaconclusion.(分數:2.00)

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析:說出你的答案。第四個步驟是Recite,就是要大聲說出問題的答案。選項中的utter與recite對

應。

(5).Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Inthelaststep,youshouldrememberalltheinformation.

B.Whenyoufinishthelaststep,youwillgetboththemainideaandthedetails.

C.Thementalconversationinvolvesansweringthequestionsaskedbytheauthor.

D.Whileyouareholdingamentalconversationyouselecttheimportantinformation.(分數:

2.00)

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析:當你完成最后一個步驟時,你對大意和細節都會掌握。從文章最后一句可知,最后一個階段應采取

自問自答的方式。應針對性地列出本章主要內容的標題或概要提問,同時要給主要內容填充細節。可見,

大意和細節都是最后一個步驟應注意的。A,在最后一個步驟中,你應該記住所有的信息。C,自問自答時

應回答作者提出的問題。D,當你自問自答時,你選擇主要信息。

六、Text3(總題數:1,分數:10.00)

OnthefirstEarthDay,theU.S.wasapoisonednation.Denseairpollutionblanketedcities

likeLosAngeles,wheresmogalertswereafactoflife.DangerouspesticideslikeDDTwere

stillinuse,andwaterpollutionwasrampant-symbolizedbyragingfiresonCleveland's

CuyahogaRiver.ButthegreenmovementthatwasenergizedbyEarthDay—andthelandmark

federalactionsthatfollowedit一changedmuchofthat.Todayairpollutionisdown

significantlyinmosturbanareas,thewateriscleaner,andeventheCuyahogaishometo

fishagain.

Butifthelandishealing,Americansmaybesickening.SinceWorldWarII,productionof

industrialchemicalshasrisenrapidly,andtheU.S.generatesorimportssome19billionkg

ofthemperday.Thesearen*tthesortsofchemicalsthatcometomindwhenwepicture

pollution一hugeplantsspi11ingcontaminatedwastewaterintorivers.Rather,they*rethe

moleculesthatmakegoodontheold"betterlivingthroughchemistry"promise,appearingin

itemslikeunbreakablebabybottlesandbig-screenTVs.Thosechemicalshavea,habitof

findingtheirwayoutofeverydayproductsandintotheenvironment—andultimatelyinto

livingorganisms.Arecentbiomonitoringsurveyfoundtracesof212environmentalchemicals

inAmericans一includingtoxicmetals,pesticides,etc."It'snottheenvironmentthat*s

contaminatedsomuch,“saysthedirectoroftheCincinnatiChildren'sEnvironmentalHealth

Center.sus.〃

Asscientistsgetbetteratdetectingthechemicalsinourbodies,they,rediscoveringthat

eventinyquantitiesoftoxinscanhaveapotentiallyseriousimpactonourhealth—andour

children'sfuture.Chemicals1ikebisphenolA(BPA)andphthalates一keyingredientsin

modernplastics一maydisruptthedelicateendocrinesystem.Ahostofmodernillsthathave

beenrisinguncheckedforageneration-obesity,diabetes,attention-deficitdisorder-

couldhavechemicalconnections."Wedon'tgiveenvironmentalexposuretheattentionit

deserves,*saysDr.PhilipLandrigan.〃Bulthere*sanemergingunderstandingthatkidsare

uniquelysusceptibletoenvironmentalhazards.

Washingtonhasbeenslowtoarriveatthatconclusion.TheToxicSubstancesControlAct

(TSCA),the34-year-oldvehicleforfederalchemicalregulation,hasgenerallybeena

failure.Theburdenofprovingchemicalsdangerousfallsalmostentirelyonthegovernment.

AndtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)hasbeenabletoissuerestrictionsononlya

handfulofchemicalsandhaslackedthepowertobanevensomedangerouscancer-causing

substances.

Butchangeiscoming.TheObamaAdministrationistakingacloserlookatchemicals.More

important,Congressmayfinallybereadytoact."Wecan*tpermitthisassaultonour

children*shealth-andourownhealth-tocontinue,*saysSenatorFrankLautenberg.

(分數:10.00)

(1).WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph1?

[A]EarthDayistheonlydayforpeopletoparticipateingreenmovement.

[B]EarthDaymotivatedpeopletochangethepollutedenvironment.

[C]LosAngelesoncehadenvironmentalproblemslikewaterpollution.

[D]TheragingfiresonCleveland,sCuyahogaRiverresultedfromsmog.(分數:2.00)

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析:[試題類型]具體信息題。

[解題思路]根據題干要求定位至第一段。該段第四句指出,地球日引發了綠色運動(thegreenmovement

thatwasenergizedbyEarthDay),并且在此之后政府也采取了?系列措施使環境發生了巨變。由此可

知,地球日激勵了人們投身于改善受污染的環境,故正確選項為[B]。

[干擾排除]該段第四句指出,地球

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