牛津譯林版選擇性必修第一冊練習題Unit1Foodmatters -1-課時作業1 -1-課時作業2 -9-課時作業3 -18-單元綜合檢測 -26-Unit2Theuniversallanguage -48-課時作業1 -48-課時作業2 -56-課時作業3 -65-單元綜合檢測 -73-Unit3TheArtOfPainting -94-課時作業1 -94-課時作業2 -102-課時作業3 -111-單元綜合檢測 -118-Unit4Exploringpoetry -139-課時作業1 -139-課時作業2 -146-課時作業3 -155-單元綜合檢測 -162-Unit1Foodmatters課時作業1Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．TheCentralBankhaslowered(降低)interestratesby2percent.2．Hepaused，waitingforhertodigest(領會)theinformation.3．Thelaboursecretarysaidthereformswouldgenerate(產生)newjobs.4．Thegreatadvantageofhome-grownorangesistheirmagnificentflavour(味道)．5．Bicyclelanescanrelieve(緩解)trafficjambyseparatingbicyclesfromcars.6．Helmetscangivecyclistsafalsesenseofsecurity(安全)．7．Shelaidthebabydowngently(輕柔地)onthebed.8．Ababy'sneedforfoodcanvary(變化)fromdaytoday.9．Themood(氛圍)ofthemeetingwasdistinctlypessimistic.10．Thechildrenfellonthefoodandateitgreedily(貪婪地)．Ⅱ.閱讀理解AThemodernpizzawasoriginallyinventedinNaples，Italy，butthewordpizzaisGreekinorigin，derivedfromtheGreekwordpēktosmeaningsolidorclotted.TheancientGreekscoveredtheirbreadwithoils，herbsandcheese.Thefirstmajorinnovationthatledtoflatbreadpizzawastheuseoftomatoasatopping.ItwascommonforthepooroftheareaaroundNaplestoaddtomatoestotheiryeast-basedflatbread，andsothepizzabegan.Whileitisdifficulttosayforsurewhoinventedthepizza，itishoweverbelievedthatmodernpizzawasfirstmadebybakerRaffaeleEspositoofNaples.Infact，apopularurbanlegendholdsthatthearchetypal(原型的)pizza，PizzaMargherita，wasinventedin1890，whentheRoyalPalaceofCapodimonteaskedtheNeapolitanpizzaioloRaffaeleEspositotocreateapizzainhonorofthevisitingQueenMargherita.Ofthethreedifferentpizzashecreated，theQueenstronglypreferredapiewrappedinthecolorsoftheItalianflag:red(tomato)，green(basil)，andwhite(mozzarella)．Supposedly，thiskindofpizzawasthennamedaftertheQueenasPizzaMargherita.Later，thedishhasbecomepopularinmanypartsoftheworld：●Thefirstpizzeria，AnticaPizzeriaPort'Alba，wasopenedin1830inNaples.●InNorthAmerica，thefirstpizzeriawasopenedin1905byGennaroLombardiat53SpringStreetinNewYorkCity.●ThefirstPizzaHut，thechainofpizzarestaurantsappearedintheUnitedStatesin1958.Nowadays，manyvarietiesofpizzaexistworldwide，alongwithseveraldishvariantsbaseduponpizza.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了披薩的歷史起源。1．What'smainlytalkedaboutinthetext?A．Waysofmakingpizza.B．Thehistoryofpizza.C．Varietiesofpizza.D．Storiesaboutpizza.B[主旨大意題。根據第一段中的“ThemodernpizzawasoriginallyinventedinNaples，Italy，butthewordpizzaisGreekinorigin”以及文章的整體內容可知，本文主要介紹了披薩的歷史起源。故選B。]2．Whatcanreplacetheunderlinedword“derived”inParagraph1?A．Separated. B．Adapted.C．Originated. D．Transformed.C[詞義猜測題。根據第一段中的“ThemodernpizzawasoriginallyinventedinNaples，Italy”可知，此處說的是披薩起源于希臘單詞“pēktos”，故畫線詞意為“發源，開始”，故選C。]3．Howwaspizzafirststarted?A．AncientGreekscoveredtheirbreadwithoils，herbsandcheese.B．PeopleinNaplesaddedtomatoestotheirbreadasatopping.C．RaffaeleEspositowrappedapieinthecolorsoftheItalianflag.D．QueenMargheritaawardedhernametopizzaintheRoyalPalace.B[細節理解題。根據第一段最后兩句可知，那不勒斯人先在面包上用西紅柿作為配料，由此開創了披薩這種食品，故選B。]4．Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A．Pizzaremainspopulararoundtheworld.B．ThefirstPizzaHutwasopenedinNaples.C．Thetasteofpizzastaysthesameovertime.D．GennaroLombardiwasthefirsttomakepizza.A[細節理解題。根據文中的“Later，thedishhasbecomepopularinmanypartsoftheworld”和“Nowadays，manyvarietiesofpizzaexistworldwide，alongwithseveraldishvariantsbaseduponpizza.”可知，披薩現在在全世界依然很受歡迎，故選A。]BAuntFanniewasBlueberryJamWoman.Ofcourseshewasn'treallymyaunt，andoutoffear，Inevercalledthattoherface.Thenamealwaysmademyfatherchuckle(輕笑)andmymotherlooksternly(嚴厲地)atbothofus—atmeforbeingdisrespectful，andatmyfatherforencouragingmybadbehavior.Ienjoyedbothreactions，soIlookedforeveryopportunitytoworkforthenameintoconversation.Asayoungwoman，mymotherhadworkedinthekitchenofalargeVictorianfarmhouseownedbyFannieCratty.FanniewasthelastoftheCrattyline;shehadnevermarried，andhadnolivingheirs(繼承人)．Myfatheroncetoldmethatitwasbecauseshewastoomeantoshareherfamilywealthorpassiton.AuntFanniewasnotedforherjam，andforneversharingtherecipewithanotherlivingsoul.Eventhoughmymotherknewitbyheart，aslongasAuntFanniewasalive，shenevermadethejamwithoutMissCrattyinourkitchentodirecttheprocessandpreservethesecret.Oneyear，afterIhadbeenparticularlyhelpfulwiththejam-makingprocess.AuntFanniegavemeaquarterandthenmademepromiseIwouldneverspendit.“Holdontothisquarter，”shesaid，“andsomedayyouwillberich.Istillhavemyfirstveryquarter.”Ithadobviouslyworkedforher，soIputthat1938quarterinasmallbox，putitinmydresserdrawer，andwaitedtobecomerich.Inowhavetheblueberry-jamrecipeandthequarterfromAuntFannie.Neitherhassignificantlycontributedtomywealth，butIkeepthemtoremindmyselftoholdontothevaluablethingsinlife.Moneycanmakeyoufeelrichforawhile，butitisyourrelationships，andyourmemoriesoftimespentwithfriendsandfamily，thattrulyleaveyouwealthy.Andthatisafortunethatanyonecanbuild.【語篇解讀】作者通過講述Fannie姨媽和她的藍莓醬配方，向我們說明金錢只可以暫時讓人感覺富有，唯有和他人的關系以及和朋友、家人們一起度過的美好時光才會讓我們變得真正富有。5．Wheredidthe“fear”mentionedinthefirstparagraphcomefrom?A．Thatyear'sblueberryharvesthadbeenpoor.B．AuntFanniewastoooldtokeepmakingjam.C．Theauthor'smothercouldn'thelpAuntFannieharvesttheblueberries.D．TheauthorknewitwasimpolitetocallAuntFannieBlueberryJamWoman.D[推理判斷題。根據第一段中“AuntFanniewasBlueberryJamWoman.Ofcourseshewasn'treallymyaunt，andoutoffear，Inevercalledthattoherface.Thenamealwaysmademyfatherchuckleandmymotherlooksternlyatbothofus—atmeforbeingdisrespectful，andatmyfatherforencouragingmybadbehavior.”可推知，第一段提到作者出于“恐懼”，是因為作者知道稱呼Fannie阿姨“藍莓果醬女士”是不禮貌的。故選D。]6．Fromthesecondparagraphwelearnthat________．A．AuntFanniehadnochildrenB．AuntFanniewaswillingtoshareherrecipeC．theauthoroftenhelpedAuntFanniemakejamD．theauthor'smotheralwaysmadethejamaloneA[細節理解題。根據第二段中“shehadnevermarried，andhadnolivingheirs”可知，她從未結過婚，也沒有繼承人。由此可知，Fannie姨媽沒有孩子。故選A。]7．Whatdidtheauthor'smotherfeeltowardsAuntFannie?A．Disgusted. B．Surprised.C．Affectionate. D．Disappointed.C[推理判斷題。根據第一段中“Thenamealwaysmademyfatherchuckleandmymotherlooksternlyatbothofus—atmeforbeingdisrespectful，andatmyfatherforencouragingmybadbehavior.”以及第二段中“Eventhoughmymotherknewitbyheart，aslongasAuntFanniewasalive，shenevermadethejamwithoutMissCrattyinourkitchentodirecttheprocessandpreservethesecret.”可推知，作者的媽媽不允許丈夫和作者不禮貌地稱呼Fannie姨媽“藍莓果醬女士”，以及雖然已經知道果醬的做法，還是要在Fannie姨媽在場的時候才制作這種果醬，可推知，作者的母親對Fannie姨媽很有感情。故選C。]8．Whatdoestheauthortrytotellus?A．Tomakenewfriendseasily.B．Nottoputapriceongenerosity.C．Nottothinkofkindnessasaburden.D．Totreasurethetimespentwithfamilyandfriends.D[推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Neitherhassignificantlycontributedtomywealth，butIkeepthemtoremindmyselftoholdontothevaluablethingsinlife.Moneycanmakeyoufeelrichforawhile，butitisyourrelationships，andyourmemoriesoftimespentwithfriendsandfamily，thattrulyleaveyouwealthy.Andthatisafortunethatanyonecanbuild.”可推知，作者想告訴我們要珍惜與家人和朋友在一起的時間。故選D。]Ⅲ.閱讀七選五Winterisoftenbitterlycold，whichoftenmakesusstayindoorsmoreinsteadofheadingouttoexercise.Worsestill，therearemanyvirusesdoingtheirbesttomakeyousick.Andsneezing，coughingandnoseblowingmaketheroomsahabitatforviruses.1．Touchingadoorknoborshakingahandmaymakeyougetsick.Althoughitmaysoundterrible，therearestillsomethingsyoucandotoavoidviruses.Hereareseveralsimpletipstostayhealthyinwinters.WashyourhandsYoupickupviruseseverywhereandtheyliveonyourhands，sowashyourhandsanddoitoften.2.Butifthat'snotavailable，useanalcohol-basedhandsanitizer(消毒殺菌劑)．3．Avoidtouchingyoureyes，noseandmouthwithyourhands.That'sonewayvirusescangetintoyourbody.Gettheflushot(疫苗)4，butgettingtheflushotlowersyourchancesofgettingtheflu.Forexample，gettingtheflushotlastyearresultedina34%lowerriskofcomingdownwiththeflu.Avoidsickpeople5．Virusesspreadveryeasilythroughtheair，sokeepatleastsixfeetbetweenyouandthesneezing，snifflingandcoughingperson.A．It'snoguaranteeB．TakecareofyourfaceC．KeepyourhandsawayfromyourfaceD．ThebestwayistouseregularsoapandwaterE．ItiseasyforvirusestospreadfrompersontopersonF．Ifsomeonearoundyouissick，thenkeepyourdistanceG．Becausetherearealwayssomeunexpectedthingsinlife【語篇解讀】冬天常常非常冷，這使得我們更多地待在室內而不愿出去鍛煉。而打噴嚏、咳嗽和擤鼻涕使這些房間成為病毒的棲息地。文章就此提出了一些在冬天保持健康的簡單建議。1．E[根據下文“Touchingadoorknoborshakingahandmaymakeyougetsick.”觸碰門把手或握手都有可能使你生病，可知病毒在人與人之間很容易傳播，故選E。]2．D[根據上文“sowashyourhandsanddoitoften”可知，強調要多洗手，故下文應為說明如何洗手，故可對應到D選項“最好的方法是使用普通的肥皂和水”，故選D。]3．C[根據下文“Avoidtouchingyoureyes，noseandmouthwithyourhands.”避免用手觸摸眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴。可知，眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴都是臉上的器官，因此本句應為“讓手遠離你的臉”，故選C。]4．A[根據下文“butgettingtheflushotlowersyourchancesofgettingtheflu”可知，注射流感疫苗會降低患流感的幾率，故可推理注射疫苗并不能保證不被傳染，故選A。]5．F[根據下文“Virusesspreadveryeasilythroughtheair，sokeepatleastsixfeetbetweenyouandthesneezing，snifflingandcoughingperson.”病毒很容易在空氣中傳播，所以你和打噴嚏、擤鼻涕和咳嗽的人之間至少要保持6英尺的距離，可知，本段強調要和周圍生病的人保持距離。故選F。]課時作業2Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．It'sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisonetoemploy(employ)asecurityofficer.2．Wecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketoget(get)there.3．Theyoftenseemtodislike(dislike)beingquestioned.4．Hisnewideawastomake(make)theshellshapeontheroofintotheshapeofaball.5．Itisessentialtoknow(know)somethingaboutacomputer.6．YoungWertherthrewhimself(him)intonaturetofeeltheforceoflifeandthejoyofliving.7．Hehastoldmehisplansandhe'smadeagoodimpression(impress)onme.8．Itisourdutytokeep(keep)ourenvironmentcleanandtidy.9．It'spossibletogive(give)withoutloving，butitisnotpossibletolovewithoutgiving.10．Herjobistolook(look)afterthechildren.Ⅱ.閱讀理解WhengoldwasdiscoveredinColoma，Californiain1848，newstravelledfastandmanywenttheretofindtheirfortune.Before1849，Californiawasaplacefocusingmainlyonagriculture.Aswordofthegolddiscoveryspread，manypeoplelefttheirfieldstoseektheirfortune.Withmoreandmoretravellersarriving，restaurantsandhotelswerebuilttofeedandaccommodate(提供住宿)them.Ontheminingsites，menwereoftenforcedtocookforthemselvessincefewgolddiggerswerewomen.Intheearlydays，bothfoodandricheswereplentifulandminerscoulduncover$2，000worthofgoldinjustoneday.Whenitcametofood，therewereplentyofwildanimalstobehunted，andmeat，beansandcoffeecouldbepurchasedatareasonableprice.Timesappearedtobegood.Overtime，becausethemajorityoffoodinCaliforniahadtobeimported，itbecameveryexpensive.Simplefoodslikeeggsandbreadweresoldforonedollarapiecein1849.Besides，fruitandvegetableswerescarce(缺乏的)．Therefore，manygolddiggerscouldn'tgetenoughfood，andsomeevenhadnofoodatallatlast.Butthegolddiggersalsohatedtotearthemselvesawayfromtheirsearchforgoldandturnedtoquickandsimplemealsthatcouldbecookedoverhotashes.DuringtheGoldRush，SanFrancisco'sfamoussourdough(酸面團)breadbecameamaintypeoffood.Minerswouldoftenbuyapieceinthemorningthatwouldbeeatenslowlythroughouttheday.TheBoudinfamily，whocamefromFrance，waspartlyresponsibleforputtingSanFranciscosourdoughonthemap.TheBoudinbakeryhasusedthesamesourdough，apieceofso-calledmotherdoughsince1849.Andwhenthe1906earthquakehit，LouiseBoudinmanagedtosavesomesourdough，ensuringthateachpieceofbreadthatcamefromthebakerywouldbelinkedthroughouthistory.SofartheBoudinbakeryhasremainedinCalifornia，usingthesourdoughthatisthesameastheonein1849.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國加利福尼亞淘金熱時期的一種食物——舊金山酸面團面包的由來。1．WhatchangetookplaceinCaliforniaafter1849?A．Theenvironmentgotdamagedbygolddiggers.B．Golddiggersfromoutsidebecameitsmainpopulation.C．Thegoldindustrypushedeachotherforward.D．BusinessofeatingandlivingdevelopedduetotheGoldRush.D[細節理解題。根據第一段“Before1849，California...focusingmainlyon...”及“With...restaurantsandhotelswerebuiltto...”可知，1849年后，隨著淘金者的涌入，加利福尼亞的餐飲住宿業發展了起來。]2．WhatcanweinferaboutgolddiggersfromParagraph3?A．Manysadlyleftwithoutanygold.B．Manyhadtobringfoodfromhome.C．Manylikelyendedupwithpoorhealth.D．Manyprobablyturnedtouniqueingredients.C[推理判斷題。根據第三段“...fruitandvegetableswerescarce...manygolddiggerscouldn'tgetenoughfood，andsomeevenhadnofoodatallatlast.”可推斷，由于食物短缺，淘金者的健康受到影響，身體很可能變差。]3．What'sBoudinfamily'scontributiontoCalifornia?A．Helpingdiscoverlotsofgoldthere.B．Rescuingmanypeoplefromtheearthquake.C．CreatingatypeoftastybreadforCaliformans.D．PassingdownsomefoodcultureintheGoldRush.D[細節理解題。根據第四段“TheBoudinbakeryhasusedthesamesourdough...wouldbelinkedthroughouthistory.”可知，Boudinbakery一直使用從淘金熱時期延續至今的酸面團，傳承了淘金熱時期的飲食文化。]4．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheOriginofSanFranciscoSourdoughB．TheHistoricalChangesofCaliforniaC．TheToughLifeofEarlyGoldDiggersD．TheRiseandFalloftheGoldRushA[標題歸納題。本文主要介紹了美國加利福尼亞淘金熱時期出現的一種酸面團面包。]Ⅲ.完形填空Iremembermyfirstdaytogotoanewschoolinthe2ndgrade.Mydadaccompaniedmetothebusstop.Aswewaitedforthebus，Ijustheldhishand1，butitstillcouldn'tremovemyclearsenseoffearandanxiety.ThemomentfinallyarrivedatwhichIhadto2thisnewenvironmentataschoolwhereIhadnofriends，no3teachersorclassmates.Itseemedeverythingwouldbefullof4．Theschoolbuspulledup.Iturnedaroundand5tomyfather.AsIboardedthebus，my6continuedtogrowandIturnedaroundonceagaintomakeafarewellgesturetomydad.Whenthebuspulledaway，Icouldn'thelp7．Beinglonely，Iwasvery8intheclassroom.IglancedoutofthewindowandIreallyexpectedtoseehiskindfigure.Tomy9，therehewas!Hestoodthere，makingtheshapeofaheartto10meandmouthingtome，“Everythingwillbeokay.”Itwas11tomethatmyfatherhadseenmecryingsohe12theschoolbus.HewantedtomakesurethatIwouldgetandstaythere13andthatmyfirstdaywouldn'tworryhim.Withhis14，I'mnowstudyinginPrincetonUniversity.TodayisFather'sDay，andIwanttosaythatloveisnotaboutchangingeachotherbut15eachother.【語篇解讀】文章講述了“我”在新學校上二年級的第一天感到非常的焦慮和緊張。父親害怕“我”不適應新的環境，選擇在學校偷偷陪著“我”。當“我”望向窗外時，父親對“我”比了一個心來安慰我。1．A.calmly B．gentlyC．sincerely D．firmlyD[通過下文“itstillcouldn'tremovemyclearsenseoffearandanxiety”可知，作者第一天上學非常緊張，所以這時緊緊地牽著父親的手。故選D。]2．A.callon B．engageinC．adaptto D．learnfromC[根據上文“Iremembermyfirstdaytogotoanewschoolinthe2ndgrade.”以及下文“thisnewenvironmentataschoolwhereIhadnofriends”可知，作者是第一天到這個新學校上學，在學校里沒有認識的人，所以不得不去適應新環境。故選C。]3．A.familiar B．normalC．motivated D．strictA[根據上文“thisnewenvironmentataschool”可知，這個學校對于作者是全新的，所以里面沒有熟悉的老師。故選A。]4．A.fantasies B．energyC．hope D．challengesD[根據上文“myclearsenseoffearandanxiety”以及“thisnewenvironmentataschool”可知，作者對于新環境感到十分害怕和擔憂，所以作者感覺充滿挑戰。故選D。]5．A.waved B．wentC．listened D．pointedA[根據上文“Theschoolbuspulledup.”可知，校車到站了，作者要離開父親去學校了，所以要揮手和父親告別。故選A。]6．A.ambition B．sadnessC．curiosity D．shockB[根據下文“Iturnedaroundonceagaintomakeafarewellgesturetomydad”可知，作者再次轉過身來和父親說再見，由此可知，作者非常舍不得離開父親，心里十分難過。故選B。]7．A.blaming B．thinkingC．jumping D．cryingD[根據下文“myfatherhadseenmecrying”可知，作者一離開父親就難過地哭了起來。故選D。]8．A.ashamed B．puzzledC．inactive D．excitedC[根據上文“beinglonely”可知，作者在學校非常的孤獨，所以很不活躍。故選C。]9．A.embarrassment B．regretC．amusement D．surpriseD[根據上文“Ireallyexpectedtoseehiskindfigure”可知，作者非常期待在窗外看到自己的父親。所以當作者看到父親在窗外時，感到大吃一驚。故選D。]10．A.approve B．instructC．comfort D．praiseC[根據父親所說的“Everythingwillbeokay.”可知，父親是在安慰作者。故選C。]11．A.important B．unknownC．strange D．commonB[根據上文“Ireallyexpectedtoseehiskindfigure”可知，作者想看到父親，由此推斷出作者對父親所做的一切都不知道。故選B。]12．A.followed B．stoppedC．transformed D．controlledA[根據上文“myfatherhadseenmecrying”以及下文“HewantedtomakesurethatIwouldgetandstaythere________andthatmyfirstdaywouldn'tworryhim.”可知，父親在看到作者哭泣后非常擔心，于是就跟著校車到學校來陪伴作者在校的第一天。故選A。]13．A.quietly B．safelyC．nervously D．freelyB[根據下文“myfirstdaywouldn'tworryhim”可知，父親擔心作者在新學校的第一天，所以父親選擇到學校看看作者是否安全到達并待在那里。故選B。]14．A.education B．understandingC．care D．adviceC[根據上文父親對作者所做的一切可知，父親十分關心并且照顧作者。故選C。]15．A.supporting B．judgingC．warning D．trainingA[根據上文“Iwanttosaythatloveisnotaboutchangingeachother”以及父親對作者所做的一切可知，作者認為愛并不是改變彼此，而是要在處于困境時支持彼此。故選A。]Ⅳ.語法填空Inyourdailylife，therearemanyexampleswhereyourparentscontrolhundredsof1.________(thing)foryouwhenyouareakid，suchastheclothesyouwear，thefoodyoueat，whereyougoandhowyougetthere.Itisagoodthing.Kidsneedthiskindofprotectionandhelpbecausetheyarenotoldenoughtotakecareof2.________(they)andmakedecisions3.________(correct)．Butwithkids4.________(grow)older，thepartofbeingateenisdevelopingyourownidentity—one5.________isseparatedfromyourparents'.6.________(differ)attitudestowardseventslikepartiesmayleadtoarguments，becauseyourparentswillalwayswanttoprotectyouandkeepyousafe，nomatterhowoldyouare.As7.________result，yourparentsfeelithard8.________(get)usedtothenewsituationwithincreasinganxiety.Whatkidsshouldkeep9.________mindisthatinmostcases，yourparentscanrelatetowhatyou'regoingthroughbecausethey10.________(be)teensonce.【語篇解讀】文章主要講述了父母和孩子之間的關系，父母管理孩子的衣食住行同時也幫孩子做決定，但是隨著孩子漸漸長大他們有了自己的想法后就會和父母產生矛盾，作者建議雙方都要從對方的角度看待問題，多體諒理解對方。1．things[考查名詞。thing是可數名詞指代事情或物，前面有hundredsof來修飾，所以要用復數。句意：當你還是孩子的時候你父母替你管理許多事情。故填things。]2．themselves[考查代詞。句子“theyarenotoldenoughtotakecareof________(they)”主語they指代上文提到的孩子們，根據句意他們年齡還不夠大去照顧自己，可知用反身代詞themselves“他們自己”。故填themselves。]3．correctly[考查副詞。correct有形容詞和動詞兩種用法，意思分別是“正確的”和“修正”，makedecisions“做決定”，是動詞詞組，所以應用副詞correctly來修飾。句意：他們年齡還不夠大去照顧自己和做正確的決定。故填correctly。]4．growing[考查動詞。這里是“with＋名詞/代詞＋todo/doing/done”的用法，要分析名詞/代詞和后面動詞之間的關系，表示將來用todo，表示主動關系用doing，表示已經完成/被動用done。kids和grow是主動關系，應用growing。句意：但是隨著孩子長大，青少年成長的一部分就是發展自己的個性。故填growing。]5．that[考查定語從句。這里one指代前面的identity，并作后面定語從句的先行詞。先行詞是one，定語從句用that引導。句意：你自己的個性和你父母的不同。故填that。]6．Different[考查形容詞。attitudes是名詞，意為“態度”，所以要用形容詞different來修飾。句意：對待事情的不同態度會導致紛爭。故填Different。]7．a[考查冠詞。asaresult“結果”，是固定搭配，用冠詞a。句意：結果，你的父母感覺很難適應新狀況。故填a。]8．toget[考查動詞。句型：sb.findit＋形容詞＋todo，這個句子里的it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是動詞不定式toget。句意：你的父母感覺很難適應新狀況。故填toget。]9．in[考查介詞。固定搭配keepsth.inmind“記住”，用介詞in。句意：孩子們應該記住在大多數情況下你的父母會理解你所經歷的一切。故填in。]10．were[考查時態。once在這里是曾經的意思，所以be用一般過去式，主語是復數they，故用were。句意：他們曾經是青少年。故填were。]課時作業3Ⅰ.閱讀理解AChildrenwhodrinkmoremilkdonotnecessarilydevelophealthierbones，researcherssaidonMondayinareportthatstressesexerciseandmodestconsumptionofcalcium-rich(含鈣豐富的)foodssuchastofuandbroccoli(花椰菜)．ThereportdrewitsconclusionsfrompreviouslypublishedstudiesandwaswrittenbyresearchersfromthePhysiciansCommitteeforResponsibleMedicine，whichadvocatesastrictvegetariandiet.“Underscientificstudy，thesupportforthemilkmythisdefeated.Thisanalysisof58publishedstudiesshowsthattheevidenceonwhichU．S.milkintakerecommendationsarebasedisscant．”SaidstudyauthorDr.AmyLanouinastatement.TheU．S.governmenthasgraduallyincreasedrecommendationsfordailycalciumintake，largelyfrommilkproducts.ButthePhysiciansCommittee'sreportsaidincreasingconsumptionofmilkproductswasnotnecessarilythebestwaytoprovidethenecessarycalciumintakeofatleast400milligramsperday.Otherwaystogettheabsorbablecalciumfoundinonecupofcow'smilkincludeacupoforangejuice，twopackagesofinstantoats(燕麥)，two-thirdscupoftofu，or1-2/3cupsofbroccoli，thereportsaid.Anditalsopointedoutthatmilkproductsprovide18percentofthetotalfatenergyand25percentofthetotalfatintakeinthedietsofAmericanchildrenwhoaredevelopingincreasingratesofobesity.FrankGreer，whospecializesinchildren'sillnessesattheUniversityofWisconsininMadison，saidtheidealwaytoachievethegoalofhealthybonesistomakesurechildrenexerciseandconsumeupto1，300milligramsadayofcalcium.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了僅喝牛奶不能讓孩子骨骼強健，理想的方式是進行適當的鍛煉和食用含鈣的食物。1．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A．CalciumisMoreImportantThanMilkB．VegetarianDietBecomesPopularC．HowtoGetRidofObesityD．DoesMoreMilkReallyBenefitUs?D[標題歸納題。本文通過一個研究結論顛覆了傳統的思想——喝牛奶可滿足孩子對鈣的需求。除此之外，適當的鍛煉和蔬菜水果也是補鈣的途徑，故答案為D項。]2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scant”inthesecondparagraphmostprobablymean?A．Accurate. B．Enough.C．Notenough. D．Inaccurate.C[詞義猜測題。根據第三段第一句話“美國政府逐漸增加每天的鈣的攝入量”可推知，原來的攝入量是不夠的，故選C項。]3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedasawaytogetabsorbablecalcium?A．Drinkingcow'smilk.B．Drinkingorangejuice.C．Takingmoreexercise.D．Eatingsometofu.C[細節理解題。第一段中提到要使青少年的骨骼健康只喝牛奶是不夠的，還需要適當的鍛煉和食用含鈣的食物，如豆腐和花椰菜，可知A、D兩項正確，C項不正確；根據第三段中的第三句可知B項正確。]4．Wecanseefromthepassagethat________．A．Americanchildren'sobesityhassomethingtodowithmilkintakeB．theU．S.governmenthasrealizedexerciseisimportantforhealthierbonesC．researchersareallagainstchildren'scalciumintakefrommilkproductsD．childrencandevelophealthierbonesonlybyconsumingmilkproductsA[推理判斷題。根據第三段最后一句可知，牛奶產品占那些變得肥胖的兒童的脂肪攝入量的25%，由此可推斷牛奶的攝入和兒童的肥胖有關。]BUKphysicistIsaacNewtononcesaid，“Natureispleasedwithsimplicityandnatureisnodummy(傻子)．”Indeed，MotherNaturecanprovidealmosteverythinghumanbeingsneedifwefollowherrules.Butifwebreaktherules，sheislikelytobecruel.Theoutbreakofthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia(新型冠狀病毒肺炎，NCP)inChinaandsomeothercountriesisanexample.AccordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency，thenewcoronavirusissimilartoavirusfoundinabatin2017andprobablyhasanintermediatehost(中間宿主)．IfitisbelievedthatthevirusoriginatedfromtheHuananSeafoodMarketinWuhan，HubeiProvince，wherelivewildanimalsweresold.TheWallStreetJournalreportedthatDr.PeterDaszak，presidentoftheUS-basedhealthorganizationEcoHealthAlliance，said，“Thisoutbreakisalessonforus.Onaglobalscale，humanpopulationdensity(密度)，wildlifediversity，andlandusechangearewhatdrivenewpandemics(流行病)．”Inancienttimes，peopleneededtorelyonnaturetosurvivesotheyhelditinawe(敬畏)．Forexample，theAmericanIndiansbelievedthathumansareapartofnatureandnatureisapailofhumans.Chineseancientsalwayspursuedtheharmonybetweennatureandhumanbeings.However，ashumanbeingsmastermoreknowledgeandmakemoreadvancedtools，peopletrytochangeandevenconquernature.Theyusemorelandtomakebuildings，geneticallymodifyplants，capturesomewildandrareanimalstosuittheirownneeds.Inthisprocess，humansgraduallylosecontactwithnatureandeventhrowitoutofbalance.Forexample，cuttingalargenumberofforestsmeanscarbondioxidemustbuildupintheatmosphereanditcontributestoglobalwarming.Althoughwedon'tknowforsurewhatfirstcausedtheNCPoutbreak，BrianLamacraftatMediumsaidit'stimeforpeopleto“reflectonourrelationshipwithourplant”reconnectwiththisworldandeverythingthatwe'vebeengiven.Afterall，accordingtoUSpoetGarySnyder，“Natureisnottheplacetovisit.It'sourhome.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過實例來說明NCP病毒的大爆發的原因，以及人類是如何侵占地球、濫用地球資源的。并告訴人類自然不是來參觀的地方，而是我們的家。5．WhydoestheauthorgivetheexampleoftheNCPinParagraph2?A．Becauseitresultsfromhumansgoingagainstnature.B．Becauseithascausedwidespreadsuffering.C．Becauseitbrokeoutatthebeginningofthisyear.D．Becauseitissimilartoanotherpandemic.A[推理判斷題。根據第五段中的“However，ashumanbeingsmastermoreknowledgeandmakemoreadvancedtools，peopletrytochangeandevenconquernature.Theyusemorelandtomakebuildings，geneticallymodifyplants，capturesomewildandrareanimalstosuittheirownneeds.Inthisprocess，humansgraduallylosecontactwithnatureandeventhrowitoutofbalance.”可知，人類這些活動是違反大自然規律的，因為這樣最終引發了流行疫情的爆發，故選A。]6．WhatlessondidDaszakthinkhumanbeingsshouldlearnfromtheNCPoutbreak?A．Batsareoneofthemostdangerouswildanimals.B．It'simpossibletopreventnewpandemicsglobally.C．Weshouldstopthewildlifetradearoundtheworld.D．Humansshouldlivepeacefullywithnature.D[推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Onaglobalscale，humanpopulationdensity，wildlifediversity，andlandusechangearewhatdrivenewpandemics.”判斷出我們應該和大自然和諧相處才是正道。D選項切合文意，故選D。]7．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph5?A．Howhumanbeingsbecometheirownmasters.B．Howhumanactivitiescauseglobalwarming.C．Howhumanbeingsbreakthebalanceofnature.D．Howhumansusetechnologytoimprovetheirlives.C[段落大意題。根據第五段內容可知，選項C切合文意，故選C。]8．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthisarticle?A．ToreflectontheNCPoutbreak.B．ToexplainwhatledtotheNCPoutbreak.C．Todescribeexperts，predictionsonnewpandemics.D．Tocompareancientandmodernattitudestowardnature.A[寫作意圖題。根據最后一段“it'stimeforpeopleto‘reflectonourrelationshipwithourplanet’(到了該人們反思我們和這顆星球的關系了)”。以及“Natureisnottheplacetovisit.It'sourhome.(自然不是來參觀的地方，它是我們的家)”。因此可以推出作者的寫作目的是為了反思NCP疫情的爆發。故選A。]Ⅱ.讀后續寫閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Growingup'myparentsandolderbrothersallsmoked.Beingachildofthe80s，itwasnormalfortheadultstobesmokinginsideandduringtripsinthecar.Therejustwasn'tthesameawarenessofthedangersofsecond-handsmokeexposurethatthereistoday.IrememberthedaywhenIstartedsmoking.Iwas11.Iwastryingtoimpressoneofthe“badboys”atschool.IstoletobaccofrommyfatherandratherclumsilyrolledacigarettethatItooktoschoolwithme.Smokinggavemeasenseofautonomyandchoiceovermyownlife，andat11itwastheultimateactofrebellion.SoonIgotaddictedtoitandwastakingcigarettesfromdad'spacketsonaregularbasis.Iknewheneverstartedcountingthemuntilhehadlessthanhalfapackleft.AfterawhileIgotcaught