Unit

4

Natural

DisastersPeriod

Ⅱ

Listening

and

Speaking

＆

Reading

and

Thinking

—

Language

Points課后篇

課時分層訓練基礎自測

高頻詞匯Ⅰ.語境填詞1.A

great

number

of

people

__________

（遭受）

a

great

deal

in

the

earthquake.suffered2.In

ancient

times,

people

believed

that

they

could

be

brought

back

to

life

after

________

（死亡）.death3.A

great

deal

of

money

has

been

collected

to

help

those

suffering

from

the

_________

（洪水）.floods4.We

should

find

a

_________

（躲避處）

from

the

wind.shelter5.I

wondered

if

it

was

an

animal

caught

in

a

_______

（陷阱）.trap6.I

can’t

imagine

a

life

without

____________

（電）.electricity7.All

the

listeners

were

greatly

___________

（震驚的）

when

they

heard

the

terrible

news

on

radio.shocked8.His

parents

and

his

little

brother

lost

their

lives

in

the

__________

（災難）.disaster9.The

well

walls

had

deep

_________

（裂縫）

before

the

terrible

earthquake

happened.cracksⅡ.單句語法填空1.These

old

people

have

experienced

all

kinds

of

____________

（suffer）

in

their

difficult

times.sufferings2.They

treat

me

as

if

I________

（be）

a

stranger.were3.___________

（trap）

in

the

ruins,

the

girl

still

held

a

positive

attitude.Trapped4.I’m

___________

（shock）

at

his

determined

attitude

towards

this

matter.shocked5.It

rained

for

two

weeks

on

end,

completely

__________

（ruin）

our

holiday.ruining6.Around

540

million

people

______________

（affect）

by

second-hand

smoke,

which

causes

100，000

deaths

per

year.are

affected7._________

（bury）

under

the

ruins,

the

little

girl

was

rather

frightened.Buried8.The

earthquake

was

so

big

that

most

of

the

houses

in

the

small

village

were

completely

____________

（destroy）.destroyed要點探究

詞匯精析1.rescue

n.&

vt.援救；營救（教材P48）What

are

the

rescue

workers

and

soldiers

doing

in

the

flood-hit

area?救援人員和士兵正在洪水災害地區做什么？come

to/go

to

sb.’s

rescue=rescue

sb.

援救某人rescue…from…

把……從……中營救出來①When

we

were

trapped

in

the

ruins,

the

soldiers

came

to

our

rescue.當我們被困在廢墟中時，士兵們趕來救援。②The

firefighters

rescued

five

children

from

the

burning

house

yesterday.昨天，消防人員把5個孩子從失火的房子中解救了出來。2.damage

vt.損害；破壞n.損壞；損失（教材P48）Which

buildings

were

damaged

in

Seoul?首爾哪些建筑被毀？①This

could

cause

serious

damage

to

our

environment.這可能會對我們的環境造成嚴重的破壞。②As

we

all

know,

smoking

can

do/cause

damage

to

our

health.（damage

n.）＝It

is

well

known

that

smoking

can

damage

our

health.（damage

vt.）眾所周知，抽煙會損害我們的健康。3.affect

vt.影響；（疾病）侵襲；深深打動（佳句背誦）As

far

as

I’m

concerned,

following

others’

advice

without

thinking

will

affect

our

own

decision.在我看來，不假思索地接受他人的意見將影響我們自己的決定。（1）affect

sb./sth.

影響某人/某事be

deeply

affected

by…

被……深深打動（2）effect

n.

作用；影響have

an

effect

on…

對……產生影響①The

disease

is

beginning

to

affect

his

eyesight.疾病開始侵襲他的視力。②Affected

by

the

moving

story,

he

burst

into

tears.受這個感人故事的影響，他哭了起來。③As

we

all

know,

smoking

has

a

bad

effect

on

our

health.眾所周知，吸煙對我們的健康有不好的影響。4.ruin

n.廢墟；毀滅vt.毀滅；使破產（教材P50）In

less

than

one

minute,

a

large

city

lay

in

ruins.不到一分鐘，一座大城市就成了廢墟。（1）be/lie

in

ruins

成為廢墟；毀滅fall

into

ruins

成為廢墟；破敗不堪（2）ruin

one’s

hope/chance

使某人的希望破滅/機會丟失ruin

oneself

自我毀滅①The

ancient

temple

has

been

in

ruins

and

needs

repairing.這座古老的廟宇已經破敗不堪，需要修理。②Drunk-driving

not

only

ruined

himself

but

also

killed

several

passers-by.醉駕不僅毀掉了他自己，還導致幾名路人死亡。5.shock

n.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克

vt.（使）震驚（教材P50）People

were

in

shock

—

and

then,

later

that

afternoon,

another

big

quake

shook

Tangshan

again.人們都很震驚——然后，那天下午晚些時候，唐山又發生了一次大地震。（1）be

a

shock

to…

使……吃驚（2）shocked

adj.

震驚的；驚訝的be

shocked

at/by…

對……吃驚be

shocked

to

do

sth.

做某事很吃驚（3）shocking

adj.

令人震驚的①His

situation

was

a

great

shock

to

us

all.他的處境使我們大家都大為震驚。②The

news

shocked

the

public,

leading

to

great

concern

about

students’

safety

at

school.這個消息使公眾震驚，導致了對在校學生安全的擔心。③We

are

shocked

that

so

many

people

were

injured

or

died

in

the

earthquake.我們感到震驚的是，如此多的人在地震中傷亡。6.trap

vt.使落入險境；使陷入圈套

n.險境；陷阱（教材P50）Soon

after

the

quakes,

the

army

sent

150，000

soldiers

to

Tangshan

to

dig

out

those

who

were

trapped

and

to

bury

the

dead.地震發生后不久，軍隊派遣了15萬名士兵前往唐山，搜救被困人員并埋葬遇難者。（1）fall

into

a

trap

落入圈套（2）be

trapped

in…

困在……中；陷在……中trap

sb.

into

（doing）

sth.

誘使某人做某事①If

you

choose

this

way,

you’re

likely

to

fall

into

a

trap.如果你選擇這條路，你很有可能會落入圈套。②There

was

a

power

failure,

they

were

trapped

in

the

lift.停電了，他們被困在電梯里。7.bury

vt.埋藏；掩埋；隱藏（佳句背誦）Ever

since

he

moved

there,

he

has

been

buried

in

his

research

work.自從搬到那里以后，他一直專注于研究工作。①She

buried

her

face

in

her

hands

and

wept

when

she

heard

the

bad

news.當她聽到那個壞消息時，她掩面而泣。②In

the

past

three

weeks,

we

have

been

burying

ourselves

in

study

because

the

exam

is

drawing

near.在過去的三周里，我們一直專心于學習，因為考試即將到來。③Buried

in

his

study,

he

didn’t

know

that

all

the

others

had

left.＝Burying

himself

in

his

study,

he

didn’t

know

that

all

the

others

had

left.＝Because

he

was

buried

in

his

study,

he

didn’t

know

that

all

the

others

had

left.他埋頭學習，不知道其他人都早已離開了。8.effort

n.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力（教材P50）With

strong

support

from

the

government

and

the

tireless

efforts

of

the

city’s

people,

a

new

Tangshan

was

built

upon

the

earthquake

ruins.在政府的大力支持和市民的不懈努力下，一個新唐山在廢墟上建立了。spare

no

effort

to

do

sth.

不遺余力做某事make

an

effort

to

do

sth.

努力做某事①As

far

as

I’m

concerned,

you

should

make

a

greater

effort

to

study

hard.依我看來，你應該更加努力學習。②If

I

am

lucky

enough

to

be

given

such

a

good

chance，

I

will

spare

no

effort

to

finish

the

task.如果我足夠幸運被給予這樣一個好機會，我將不遺余力地完成這項任務。9.suffer

vt.遭受；蒙受

vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦（教材P51）What

kind

of

help

do

you

think

people

who

have

suffered

an

earthquake

need?你認為地震災民需要什么樣的幫助？（1）suffer

from

患……病；因……而受苦suffer

from

cold

and

hunger

忍饑挨凍（2）suffer

losses/pains

遭受損失/痛苦（3）suffering

n.

苦難，痛苦sufferer

n.

受難者①As

far

as

I

know,

he

has

ever

suffered

from

a

serious

illness.據我所知，他曾患有嚴重的疾病。②The

company

suffered

a

great

loss

as

a

result

of

the

accident.由于那次事故，該公司遭受了重大損失。③Death

finally

brought

an

end

to

her

suffering.死亡最終結束了她的痛苦。要點探究

句式精析1.（教材P50）Chickens

and

even

pigs

were

too

nervous

to

eat,

and

dogs

refused

to

go

inside

build-ings.雞甚至豬都緊張得吃不下東西，狗也不愿意進圈舍里去。【要點提煉】too＋adj.＋to…

太……而不能……too＋adj.（for

sb.）

to

do

sth.意為“太……而不能……”，表示否定意義。①I

was

too

young

to

understand

the

meaning

of

the

film.＝I

was

so

young

that

I

can’t

understand

the

meaning

of

the

film.我太年幼，不理解這部電影的含義。②The

problem

is

too

difficult

for

me

to

settle.＝The

problem

is

so

difficult

that

I

can’t

settle

it.這個問題太難了，我解決不了。2.（教材P50）It

seemed

as

if

the

world

were

coming

to

an

end!仿佛到了世界末日！【要點提煉】as

if=as

though

意為“仿佛；好像”，可用來引導表語從句。It

seemed

（to

sb.）

that/as

if…

（對某人來說）似乎……（1）as

if從句用陳述語氣：從句表示的情況是真實的或極有可能發生的。（2）as

if從句用虛擬語氣：①從句用一般過去時（與現在的事實相反）；②從句用過去完成時（與過去的事實相反）；③從句用would/could/might

do形式（與將來的事實相反）。①Look

at

the

clouds

in

the

sky!

It

looks

as

if

it

is

going

to

rain.Let’s

hurry

up.看看天上的烏云！看起來要下雨，咱們快一點。②He

talks

to

them

as

if

they

were

children.他同他們說話，就當他們是孩子一樣。（與現在事實相反）③He

talks

about

Rome

as

if

he

had

been

there

before.他說起羅馬來好像他以前去過那里似的。（與過去事實相反）④He

opened

his

mouth

as

if

he

would

say

something.他張開嘴好像要說什么。（與將來事實相反）課后篇

課時分層訓練合格考過關練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫

根據漢語提示或首字母在空格處填入適當的單詞。1.Copper

and

silver

are

both

m________.etals2.He

used

yellow

_________

（磚）

to

build

his

house.bricks3.The

amount

of

rain

has

a_________

the

growth

of

crops.ffected4.Ten

__________

（百分之……）

of

the

pupils

are

absent

today.percent5.The

umbrella

was

a

poor

s_________

from

the

heavy

rain.helter6.They

wandered

among

the

________

（廢墟）

of

the

old

city.ruins7.The

meaning

of

“mad”

depends

on

its

__________

（上下文）.context8.The

__________

（旱災）

caused

famine

throughout

the

country.drought9.Her

heart

was

slightly

d__________

as

a

result

of

her

being

illness.amaged10.So

the

power

of

the

atom

can

be

used

to

produce

____________

（電）.electricity11.The

firefighters

r_________

three

women

from

the

burning

house.escued12.During

the

________

（洪水）

many

people

were

stranded

in

their

homes.flood13.It

___________

（震驚）

me

to

think

how

close

we

had

come

to

being

killed.shocked14.By

our

joint

_________

（努力）,

our

friendship

will

surely

be

further

strengthened.efforts15.Dozens

of

people

were

t_________

in

the

rubble

（瓦礫）

when

the

building

collapsed.rapped16.After

the

earthquake,

the

poor

girl

was

found

_________

（埋）

under

the

ruins

of

a

church.buried17.Some

plants

can

take

in

carbon

dioxide

we

__________

（呼吸）

out

and

give

in

return

oxygen

to

us.breathe18.It’s

reported

that

women

with

demanding

jobs

are

almost

twice

as

likely

to

s________

a

heart

attack.uffer19.With

more

trees

being

_________________

（毀壞）,

huge

quantities

of

good

earth

are

being

washed

away

each

year.destroyed/ruinedⅡ.短語填空

根據句意，用方框內短語的適當形式填空。refer

to,

set

up,

as

if,

in

ruins,

in

shock,

run

out

of,

as

usual,

come

to

an

end,

nothing

but,

blow

away,

fall

down,

in

times

of,

suffer

from,

look

up,

pull

away,

go

through20.____________

the

child

from

the

edge

of

the

well!Pull

away21.______________

crisis

I

know

which

friends

I

can

turn

to.In

times

of22.Beyond

the

stars,

the

astronauts

saw

______________

space.nothing

but23.I

was

___________

for

about

two

weeks

after

the

accident.in

shock24.She

turned

the

fan

to

_____________

the

smoke

in

the

room.blow

away25.The

boy

____________

from

the

bicycle

and

hurt

his

knees.fell

down26.The

old

couple

_______________

untold

sufferings

when

they

were

young.went

through27.The

two

strangers

talked

________

they

had

been

friends

for

years.as

if28.Nowadays

some

hospitals

__________

patients

by

name,

not

case

number.refer

to29.He

consulted

his

dictionary

to

___________

the

meaning

of

the

word

“abandon”.look

up30.We

_____________

gas

right

in

the

middle

of

the

main

street

and

blocked

the

traffic.ran

out

of31.After

his

operation,

the

old

man

was

back

on

his

feet

and

he

began

to

take

exercise

___________.as

usual32.After

the

earthquake

I

went

there,

I

saw

the

whole

town

___________,

and

now

everything

has

changed.in

ruins33.The

2008

Olympic

Games

officially

__________________

in

Beijing

with

a

spectacular

closing

ceremony

on

August

24.came

to

an

end34.We

_________

a

command

center

to

guide

and

coordinate

（協調）

relief

work

in

earthquake-stricken

areas.set

up35.Having

_______________

heart

trouble

for

years,

Professor

White

has

to

take

some

medicine

with

him

wherever

he

goes.suffered

fromⅢ.單句語法填空

閱讀下列句子，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。36.She

is

anxious

to

leave

as

soon

______

she

can.as37.What

do

you

mean

______

calling

me

at

this

time

of

night?by38.The

judge

always

showed

great

__________

（wise）

in

his

decision.wisdom39.Pick

yourself

up.

Courage

is

doing

what

you’re

afraid

_________

（do）.to

do40.The

storm

is

thought

to

be

responsible

for

as

many

as

four

_________

（dead）.deaths41.The

sun

began

to

rise

______

the

sky,

bathing

the

mountain

in

golden

light.in42.What

you

said

at

the

meeting

describes

_____

bright

future

for

the

company.a43.I

do

all

the

cooking

for

my

family,

but

recently

I’ve

been

too

busy

_________

（do）

it.to

do44.He

has

always

insisted

on

his

being

called

Dr.

Turner

instead

______

Mr.Turner.of45.I

like

getting

up

very

early

in

summer.

The

morning

air

is

so

good

____________

（breath）.to

breathe46.It

is

so

cold

here

in

Zhengzhou

this

winter

that

_____

seems

as

if

we

were

in

Iceland.it47.The

days

are

________

（go）

when

physical

strength

was

all

you

needed

to

make

a

living.gone48.According

to

the

art

dealer,

the

painting

is

expected

to

go

for

_____

least

a

million

dollars.at49._______

number

of

people

present

at

the

concert

was

much

smaller

than

expected.

There

were

many

tickets

left.The等級考提分練Ⅳ.完形填空

Last

weekend

I

took

a

bus

to

New

York

City.

As

I

took

the

window

seat

and

wore

headphones

over

ears,

I

almost

didn’t

.

.50.

.

an

elderly

man

sitting

beside

me.

The

elderly

man

asked

me

a

simple

question

.

.51.

.

the

bus’s

Wi-Fi

connection,

which

turned

into

a

two-hour

.

.52.

..

We

talked

a

lot

about

my

dreams,

my

fears

and

my

life.

I

.

.53.

.

more

with

this

stranger

on

the

bus

than

I

have

with

any

friend

or

family

member

in

months.

Maybe

it

is

because

I

am

.

.54.

.

to

let

anyone

I

know

close

to

me.

I

was

.

.55.

.

that

the

stranger

was

not

only

deeply

interested

in

getting

to

know

me,

but

also

just

willing

to

.

.56.

.

me

to

my

greatest

abilities.

Instead

of

politely

.

.57.

.

his

head

when

I

mentioned

my

major,

he

told

me

that

my

strong

liking

seemed

to

be

psychology,

but

not

the

one

I

was

studying

and

that

he

fully

understood

my

.

.58.

.

for

the

failure.

This

elderly

man

made

me

.

.59.

.

the

plans

that

I

had

made

for

my

life.

He

helped

me

realize

that

my

carefully

.

.60.

.

plan

for

the

next

five

years

of

my

life

wasn’t

all

that

good,

but

actually

complex

and

filled

with

.

.61.

..

Most

of

all,

he

helped

me

.

.62.

.

the

complex

rather

than

stay

away

from

it

because

of

my

fear

for

the

unknown.

A

few

days

later,

he

emailed

me,

saying,

“I

think

you’re

.

.63.

.

for

great

things

whatever

you

decide

to

do.”

The

email,

filled

with

words

of

encouragement

made

me

realize

that

life

is

sometimes

.

.64.

.

but

it

is

going

to

be

okay.50.(

)A.check

B.notice

C.excuse

D.believeB【語篇導讀】

這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了我在一輛公共汽車上遇到的事情。一位坐在我旁邊的老人與我短短兩個小時的聊天，卻影響了我的夢想和我的人生，他幫助我找到了我真正的愛好所在，讓我認識到我制定的五年計劃還不夠科學。故事告訴我們生活也許會有痛苦和恐懼，但一切都會好起來的，也許一個陌生人也能成為你的貴人。考查動詞。句意：我坐在靠窗的座位上，戴著耳機，幾乎沒有注意到坐在我旁邊的一位老人。根據“wore

headphones

over

ears”可知，因為戴著耳機，所以沒有注意到那個老人。故選B項。51.(

)A.through

B.with

C.during

D.aboutD[解析]

考查介詞。句意：這位老人問了我一個關于公共汽車Wi-Fi連接的簡單問題，然后我們聊了兩個小時。老人問的問題是有關公共汽車的Wi-Fi連接的。故選D項。52.(

)A.introduction

B.explanation

C.conversation

D.competitionC[解析]

考查名詞。句意：這位老人問了我一個關于公共汽車的Wi-Fi連接的簡單問題，然后我們聊了兩個小時。根據下一句“We

talked

a

lot

about…”可知，作者和老人交談了兩個小時。故選C項。53.(

)A.searched

B.shared

C.demanded

D.reviewedB[解析]

考查動詞。句意：我在公共汽車上和這個陌生人分享的東西比幾個月來我和任何朋友或家人分享的都多。根據“We

talked

a

lot

about

my

dreams,

my

fears

and

my

life.”可知，作者和老人分享了與自己的夢想、恐懼和生活有關的話題。短語“share

sth.

with

sb.”意為“與某人分享……”。故選B項。54.(

)A.sorry

B.curious

C.anxious

D.afraidD[解析]

考查形容詞。句意：也許是因為我害怕讓我認識的人靠近我。根據上文可知，作者在公共汽車上和這個陌生人分享的東西比幾個月來作者和任何朋友或家人分享的都多，這可能是因為作者害怕讓身邊熟知的人知道自己內心的想法。故選D項。55.(

)A.puzzled

B.worried

C.amazed

D.disappointedC[解析]

考查形容詞。句意：令我驚訝的是，這個陌生人不僅對了解我很感興趣，而且愿意推動我發揮最大的能力。按常理，一個陌生人對作者的事情感興趣，而且還鼓勵作者，這讓作者很驚訝。故選C項。56.(

)A.push

B.invite

C.treat

D.admitA[解析]

考查動詞。句意：令我驚訝的是，這個陌生人不僅對了解我很感興趣，而且愿意推動我發揮最大的能力。根據下文“he

told

me

that

my

strong

liking

seemed

to

be

psychology,

but

not

the

one

I

was

studying

and

that

he

fully

understood

my

.

.

for

the

failure”，那個陌生人告訴作者他最喜歡的似乎是心理學，而不是他正在學習的專業。由此可以推知，那個陌生人的話讓作者思考自己的專業問題，從而推動作者發揮自己最大的能力。故選A項。57.(

)A.raising

B.dropping

C.turning

D.noddingD[解析]

考查動詞。句意：當我提到我的專業時，他并沒有禮貌地點頭，而是告訴我，我最喜歡的似乎是心理學，而不是我正在學習的專業。他完全理解我對失敗的恐懼。根據“politely”和“his

head”可知，那個陌生人不是出于禮貌地點頭。故選D項。58.(

)A.regret

B.change

C.fear

D.desireC[解析]

考查名詞。句意：當我提到我的專業時，他并沒有禮貌地點頭，而是告訴我，我最喜歡的似乎是心理學，而不是我正在學習的專業。他完全理解我對失敗的恐懼。根據下文“because

of

my

fear

for

the

unknown”可知，作者對未知的事情感到害怕，可知是害怕失敗。故選C項。59.(

)A.prepare

B.develop

C.consult

D.questionD[解析]

考查動詞。句意：這位老人使我質疑自己的人生規劃。根據下一句“He

helped

me

realize

that

my

carefully.

.

plan

for

the

next

five

years

of

my

life

wasn’t

all

that

good”可知，那個陌生人的話讓作者質疑自己對未來的五年生活的規劃，覺得不是那么好。故選D項。60.(

)A.replaced

B.organized

C.discussed

D.predictedB[解析]

考查動詞。句意：他讓我意識到，我為未來五年生活精心安排的規劃并不是那么好，而實際上很復雜、充滿了不確定性。replaced：取代；organized：組織；discussed：討論；predicted：預測。此處carefully

organized作定語,修飾plan；根據上一句“…the

plans

that

I

had

made

for

my

life”可知，作者對未來的人生做了精心的、有組織的規劃。故選B項。61.(

)A.uncertainty

B.danger

C.responsibility

D.conflictA[解析]

考查名詞。句意：他讓我意識到，我為未來五年生活精心安排的規劃并不是那么好，而實際上很復雜、充滿了不確定性。根據下文“my

fear

for

the

unknown”中的the

unknown可知，作者認為未來有很多不確定性。故選A項。62.(

)A.spot

B.ignore

C.seize

D.acceptD[解析]

考查動詞。句意：最重要的是，他幫助我接受了其復雜性，而不是因為我對未知的恐懼而遠離它。spot：發覺；ignore：忽視，不理會；seize：抓住；accept：接受。根據后面的“rather

than

stay

away

from

it”，rather

than表示語義轉折，accept與stay

away

from語義相反。故選D項。63.(

)A.leavi