大學英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷58（共9套）

（共240題）

大學英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第1套

一、長篇閱讀（本題共30題，每題1.0分，共30分。）

KeepOuiSeasCleanA）Byllicyear2050itiscslimalcdthatthewuildSpopulation

couldhaveincreasedtoaround12billion.Ofthese,some60percentwilllivewithin60

kmofthesea.Theagriculturalandindustrialactivitiesrequiredtosupportthispopulation

willincreasethealreadysignificantpressuresonfertilecoastalareas.Deathanddisease

causedbypollutedcoastalwaterscoststheglobaleconomyUS$12,8billionayear.

Plasticwastekillsupto1millionseabirds,100,000seamammalsandcountlessfish

eachyear.B）Onesignificantimpactofhumanactivityismarinepollution.Themost

visibleandfamiliarisoilpollutioncausedbytankeraccidentsandtankwashingatsea,

andinadditiontothegrossvisibleshort-termimpacts,severelong-termproblemscan

alsoresultInthecaseoftheExxonValdezwhichranonioashoreinAlaskain1989,

biologicalimpactsfromtheoilspillcanstillbeidentified15yearsaftertheevent.The

PrestigewhichsankofftheSpanishcoastlatein2002,resultedinhugeeconomiclosses

asitpollutedmorethan100beachesinFranceandSpainandeffectivelydestroyedthe

localfishingindustry.C）Despitethescaleandvisibilityofsuchimpacts,thetotal

quantitiesofpollutantsenteringtheseafromthelonglineofcatastrophicoilspills

appearedsmallcomparedwiththoseofpollutantsintroduceddirectlyandindirectlyfrom

othersources,includingdomesticsewage,industrialdischarges,leakagesfromwastetips,

urbanandindustrialrun-off,accidents,spillages,explosions,seadumpingoperations,oil

production,mining,agriculturenutrientsandpesticides,wasteheatsources,and

radioactivedischarges.Landbasedsourcesareestimatedtoaccountforaround44

percentofthepollutantsenteringtheseaandatmosphericinputsaccountforanestimated

33percent.Bycontrast,transportontheseaaccountsfor12percent.D）Theimpactsof

pollutionvary.Nutrientpollutionfromsewagedischargesandagriculturecanresultin

unsightlyandpossiblydangerous"blooms"ofalgae（藻類）incoastalwaters.Asthese

bloomsdieanddecaytheyuseuptheoxygeninthewater.Thishasled,insomeareas,to

"creepingdeadzones"（CDZ）,whereoxygendissolvedinthewaterfallstolevelsunable

tosustainmarinelife.Industrialpollutionalsocontributestothesedeadzones.E)

Radioactive(放射性的)pollutionhasmanycauses,includingthenormaloperationof

nuclearpowerstations,butbyfarthesinglebiggestsourcesofman-maderadioactive

elementsintheseaarethenuclearfuelreprocessingplantsatLaHagueinFranceandat

SellafieldintheUKWastereleasedfromthemhasresultedinthewidespreadpollutionof

livingmarineresourcesoverawidearea;radioactiveelementstraceabletoreprocessing

canbefoundinseaweedsasfarawayastheWestGreenlandCoast.F)Tracemetal

pollutionfrommetalmining,productionandprocessingindustriescandamagethehealth

ofmarineplantsandanimalsandrendersomeseafoodsunfitfbrhumanconsumption.

Thecontributionofhumanactivitiescanbeverysignificant:theamountofmercury

introducedtotheenvironmentbyindustrialactivitiesisaroundfourtimestheamount

releasedthroughnaturalprocessessuchasweatheringanderosion(腐蝕).G)Theinput

ofman-madechemicalstotheoceanspotentiallyinvolvesanoverwhelmingnumberof

differentsubstances.63,000differentchemicalsarcthoughttobeinuseworldwidewith

3,000accountingfor90percentofthetotalproductionamount.Eachyear,anywhereup

to1,000newsyntheticchemicalsmaybebroughtontothemarket.Ofallthesechemicals

some4,500fallintothemostseriouscategory.Theseareknownaspersistentorganic

pollutants(POPs).They'reresistanttobreakdownandhavethepotentialtoaccumulatein

thetissuesoflivingorganisms(allmarinelife),causinghormonedisruptionwhichcan,in

turn,causereproductiveproblems,inducecancer,suppresstheimmunesystemand

interferewithnormalmentaldevelopmentinchildren.H)POPscanalsobetransported

longdistancesintheatmosphereanddepositedincoldregions.Asaresult,Inuit

populationswholiveintheArcticalongdistancefromthesourcesofthesepollutantsare

amongthemostseverelyinfluencedpeopleontheplanet,sincetheyrelyonfat-rich

marinefoodsourcessuchasfishandseals.POPsarealsothoughttoberesponsiblefor

somepolarbearpopulationsfailingtoreproducenormally.Scarily,seafoodsconsumed

bypeoplelivinginwarmandmildregionsarealsoaffectedbyPOPs.Oilyfishtendio

accumulatePOPsintheirbodiesandthesecanbepassedtohumanconsumers.Whenoily

fisharerendereddownintofishmealandfishoilsandsubsequentlyusedtofeedother

animals,thenthistoocanactasapathwaytohumans.Farmedfishandshellfish,dairy

cattle,poultryandpigsarcallfedfishmealincertaincountries,andsomeatanddairy

productsaswellasfarmedandwildfishcanactasfurthersourcesofthesechemicalsto

humans.I)TheNorthandBalticSeasalsocontainsomeoftheworld'sbusiestshipping

lanes.200,000shipscrosstheNorthSeaeveryyear.Manygoodstransportedbyshipsare

hazardous(halfthegoodscarriedatseacanbedescribedasdangerous)andlossof

dangerouscargoescanresultindamagetothemarineenvironment.Chemicaltank

washings,dischargeofoilywastesandwashwatersareallsignificantsourcesofmarine

pollution.J)Inadditionthereisalwaystheriskofamajoroilspill,ariskmadeworseby

thefactthatsomeofthetankersthatroutinelytravelthroughstillhaveonlyonebody-

frameorhaveothertechnicaldefectsandcrewswhoarepoorlyeducated.InNovember

2002.thePrestigeoiltankerwentdownoffthecoastofSpainwith70.000tonsofoilon

boardwhichpolluted2,890kinofcoastline.Afewdaysearlierithadbeencrossingthe

Baltic.K)Somesourcesofpollutionhavebeenbroughtundercontrolbyinternational

legislation.CountrieswhichsignedtheLondonConventionhaveagreedtostopthe

dumpingofradioactiveandindustrialwasteatsea.TheOSPARConventionregulates

marinepollutionintheNorthEastAtlanticRegionwhilecountrieswhichsignedthe

StockholmConventionhavecommittedthemselvestothephaseoutofanumberof

persistentorganicpollutants.WithintheEuropeanCommunity,theWaterFramework

Directivemaybeexpectedtobringfurtherreductionsinpollutinginputs,althoughitwill

beoveraverylongtimeframe.TheadditionalbenefitofthenewEUREACH

(RegistrationEvaluationandAuthorisationofChemicals)initiative,whichaimsto

regulatetheproductionanduseofdangerouschemicalsatsource,remainstobeseen.

1、TheregulationofmarinepollutionintheNorthEastAtlanticRegionisbasedonthe

OSPARConvention.

標準答案：K

知識點解析：根據題目的OSPARConvention定位到K段。該段第3句采用主動句

式TheOSPARConventionregulates...,意思跟題目無異，故可確定K段為該題出

處。

2^Thefactthatsometankersstillhaveonlyonebody-frameorhaveothertechnical

defectsmakingbiggerpossibilityofoilspill.

標準答案：J

知識點解析：根據題目中的onebody-frame及technicaldefects可以定位到J段。J

段首句也出現了題目中遑到的fact,FL該詞后的同位語從句內容與題目中的從句語

義幾乎一致，故選J。

Aboutone-thirdofthepollutantsenteringtheseacomefromatmosphericinputs.

標準答案：c

知識點解析：文章B、C兩段是說明海洋污染的來源，B段重點介紹油污染，C段

則提到其他的污染源。題目中aboutone-third與C段倒數第2句的33percent所指

的比率相同，而且都指atmosphericinputs的比率，故選C。

4、Theovergrowofalgaewillresultinoxygenshortageinthewater,whichledto

"creepingdeadzones".

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據題目明顯的信號詞creepingdeadzones,可定位到D段。題目的

overgrow對應該段倒數第3句blooms,oxygenshortage對應原文的useupthe

oxygeno

5、Inwarmandmildregions,farmedfishandshellfisharealsoaffectedbyPOPs

becausetheyarefedfishmeal.

標準答案：H

知識點解析：根據題目中的POPs可將范圍縮小在G、H段。其中H段重點說明

POPs的危害和影響，本題的內容與之有關。H段末句的【hesechemicals指的就是

POPs,而該句中的so表明養(yǎng)殖的魚類和貝殼類都會受POPs的影響，因為這些養(yǎng)

殖水產areallfedfishmeal,題目意思與此相符。

6、Aslongas2,890kmofcoastlinehadbeenpollutedbytheoilspillofthePrestigeoil

tanker.

標準答案：J

知識點解析：根據題目關鍵信息Presligeoiltanker及數字2,890可直接定位到J

段。J段倒數第2句以該郵輪為例說明嚴重漏油的風險，題目語義與該句意思一

致，故選J。

7、Oilpollutioncausedbytankeraccidentsandtankwashingatseaisconsideredasthe

mostvisibleandfamiliarmarinepollution.

標準答案：B

知識點解析:根據題目的關鍵信息themostvisibleandfamiliar可定位到B段，該

段第2句指出最顯而易見和為人熟悉的海洋污染源，與題目表述一致，故為答案。

8、Halfofthegoodstransportedbyshipscanbeclassifiedasdangerouscargoes.

標準答案：I

知識點解析：本題內容有關海洋貨運，與之相關的段落為I,該段第2句的意思與

題目語義一致，其中括號里的carriedatsea對應題中的transportedbyships,be

described對應題中的beclassifiedo

9、TheWestGreenlandCoasthasbeenpollutedbyradioactiveelements.

標準答案：E

知識點解析：文中只有E段提到WestGreenlandCoast,故該題可直接定位到E

段。該段最后一句說到在格陵蘭島西部海岸的海藻中可以檢測到放射性元素，意即

該海岸已被放射性元素污染，故選E。

10、HormonedisruptioninmarinelifeistheresultofaccumulationofPOPs.

標準答案：G

知識點解析：POPs在G和H兩段中都有提到。G段倒數第2句開始首次介紹

POPs及其概念。G段最后一句中的causing表明一種因果關系，與題目的islhe

resultof對應且描述對象均為Hormonedisruptiono

WorkingtoImprovetheConditionsofEvergladesNationalParkA）Whenmanypeople

thinkofFlorida,imagesofsandycoastlinesorthemeparkridescometomind.Butabout

anhoursouthofMiamiliesanaturalwildernessdifferentfromanywhereelseinthe

UnitedStates.EvergladesNationalParkisthelargestsubtropicalwildernessinthe

country.Theparkishometoseveralrareandendangeredspecies.Itisalsothethird

largestnationalparkinthelowerforty-eightstates,afterDeathValleyandYellowstone.

MorethanonemillionpeoplevisittheEvergladeseachyear.B）TheEvergladesis

consideredoneofthegreatbiologicalwondersoftheworld.Theexpansivewetlands

stretchacrossmorethansixhundredthousandhectares（公頃）.Itisaplacewhereplants

andanimalsfromtheCaribbeanSeashareanecosystemwithnativeNorthAmerican

species.Unlikemostothernationalparks,EvergladesNationalParkwascreatedto

protectanecosystemfromdamage.TheEvergladesishometothirty-sixspeciesthatare

consideredthreatenedorprotected.TheyincludetheFloridapanther,theAmerican

crocodileandtheWestIndianmanatee.Inaddition,morethanthreehundredfiftybird

speciesandthreehundredspeciesoffreshandsaltwaterfishlivewithinthepark.The

Evergladesisalsohometofortyspeciesofmammals（哺乳動物）andfiftyreptile（爬行

動物)species.C)ExoticplantscanalsobefoundintheEverglades.Theyincludewhatis

saidtobethelargestgrov/thofmangrovetreesinthewesternhalfoftheworld.Gumbo-

limbotrees,knownfortheirpeelingredskin,stranglerfigsandroyalpalmsarealso

amongthearea'splantlife.TheEvergladesisalsohometothecountry'slargestliving

mahoganytree.Sawgrassgrowsinsomeareasofthepark.Becareful-itisverysharp,

withteethjustlikeasaw.Itcangrowuptofourmeterstall.Withaboutoneandone-half

metersofrainfalleachyear,plantsandtreesneverstopgrowingintheEverglades.D)

Thedry,winterseasonisthefavoriteofmostvisitors,wheninsectslikemosquitoesare

lessofaproblem.TherainyseasonlastsfromJunetoNovember.Therearemanyways

toexploretheEverglades.VisitorscouldseeAmericancrocodileswhilehikingthe

AnhingaTrail.TheEvergladesistheonlyplaceonEarthwherefreshwatercrocodiles

andsaltwatercrocodilesliveinthesamearea.Visitorsusingcanoesorairboatsarelikely

toseelargegroupsofwadingbirdslikethewoodstorkorgreatblueheron.Itiseven

possibletoseeflamingosintheEverglades.Thisspring,EvergladesNationalPark

launchedavisitationprogramtowhatwasonceahighlyrestrictedmilitarybase.Park

officialsareworkingtorecoveramissilebaseusedinthe1960s.ThebaseplayedaPart

InthenucleartensionsbetweentheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnion.E)The

governmentbuilttheFloridabaseshortlyafterthediscoveryofSovietmissilesabout

threehundredkilometersaway,ontheislandofCuba.Tensionswerehighduringthe

Cubanmissilecrisis.ButmissilesstoredattheAmericanbasewereneverfired.Thebase

wasclosedandallmissileequipmentwasremovedinthe1970s.Todayonlythe

buildingsremain.Thisyear,thehistoricareahadmanyvisitors,includingformer

Americanservicememberswhorememberthemissilecrisis.Theparkhopestooffer

moretripsnextspring,tohelpsupportthehistoryforthosewholivedthroughitandfor

futuregenerations.F)ExpertssaychangestotheEvergladesarethreateningseveral

differentkindsofwildlife.TheysaythethreatsarearesultofactionstheUnitedStates

governmentbeganmorethanfiftyyearsago,andsettlersbeganevenearlier.The

NationalParkServicesaysearlycolonialsettlersandlanddevelopersthoughtthe

Evergladeshadlittlevalue.Thesettlershadplanstoremovewaterfromtheareaandin

the1880sdevelopersbegandiggingdraincanals.Atthetime,theydidnotunderstandthe

complexityoftheEverglades'ecosystem.Asaresult,theywerenotpreparedfbrallthe

workandcausedenvironmentalproblems.Theecosystem,however,wasabletosurvive.

G)Evenlargereffortstodrainthewetlandscontinuedbetween1905and1910.Large

areaswerechangedtofarmland.Thisledtoincreaseddevelopment,withmorepeople

movingtotheEvergladesandalsomorevisitors.Morechangescamein1948,when

CongressapprovedtheCentralandSouthFloridaProject.Aspartoftheplan,theArmy

CorpsofEngineersbuiltroads,canalsandwater-controlsystemsthroughoutSouth

FloridaTheaimoftheprojectwastoprovidewaterandfloodprotectionfbrdeveloped

areasandagriculture.Workersbuiltahugesystemofwaterwaysandpumpingstationsto

controltheoverflowofLakeOkeechobee,northoftheEverglades.Today,fiftypercent

ofsouthFlorida'searlywetlandareasnolongerexist.Populationsofwadingbirdshave

beenreducedbyninetypercent.Wholepopulationsofanimalsareindangerof

disappearing.Theendangeredcreaturesincludethemanatee,theMiamiblackheadsnake,

thewoodstorkandtheFloridapanther.H)Inrecentyears,environmentalexpertshave

learnedaboutthedamagetotheEverglades.Theysaythenaturalbalanceofplantsand

animalshasbeendestroyed.Recently,theObamaadministrationpromisedthreehundred

sixtymilliondollarstopayforEvergladesrestorationthisyear.Theadministrationisalso

askingthatCongressapproveanadditionaltwohundredseventy-eightmilliondollarsfor

nextyear.Themoneywillhelptosupportprojectsapprovedbythegovernmentnine

yearsago.TheprojectsincludeimprovingwetlandsinthePicayuneStrandinSouthwest

FloridaandrepairstoLakeOkeechobee'sdam.Untilnow,thestateofFloridahasspent

themostmoneyontheproject.I)Anotherthreatbiologistshavebeenbattlingforyearsin

theEvergladesisthearea'spopulationofBurmesepythons(largesnakes).Officials

believethereareasmanyasonehundredfiftythousandoftheselargesnakesinthe

Everglades.Butthesnakesareaforeignspecies,nativetoSoutheastAsiaOwnersof

pythonslefttheirunwantedsnakesintheEvergladesyearsago.Biologistssayadult

pythonsareabletoeatsmalldeerandbobcats.Whenpythonsarefoundinthe

Everglades,theyareoftenkilled.Scientistsarenowexperimentingwithotherwaysto

removethesnakes,includingtrappingmethodsandofferingpaymentstohunters.The

futureoftheEvergladesisnotclear.However,effortstoprotecttheareaarecontinuing

sothatpeoplefromallovertheworldmaycontinuevisitingthisbiologicaltreasure.

11、EffortstoprotecttheareawouldbecontinuedthoughthefutureofEvergladesisstill

unknown.

標準答案：I

知識點解析：根據題目信息詞ThcfuturcofthcEverglades可定位到I段，該段倒數

第2句的isnotclear對應題目的isstillunknown,接著最后一句用however表示轉

折，這與題目though引導的讓步狀語從句語義相同。

12、Inordertoprovidewaterandfloodprotectionfbrdevelopedareasandagriculture,

theCongressapprovedtheCentralandSouthFloridaProject.

標準答案：G

知識點解析：根據關鍵詞theCentralandSouthFloridaProject,可直接定位到G

段，該段第4句指出國會通過了這個項目，第6句的Theaimof...was則表明該項

目的目的：為了給開發(fā)的地區(qū)和農業(yè)提供水利和防洪，結合這兩句為題目意思，故

選G。

13、TheSovietUnionplacedmissilesontheislandofCubaduringtheCubanmissile

crisis.

標準答案：E

知識點解析：根據題目中的Cubanmissilecrisis等詞定位到E段。該段第1句提

到，美國政府在古巴島上發(fā)現了蘇聯的導彈，這意味著蘇聯將導彈部署到了古巴島

上，因此，E段為本題出處。

14、WithanecosystemofplantsandanimalsbothfromCaribbeanSeaandNorth

American,EvergladesNationalParkaimsatprotectinganecosystemfromdamage.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：根據題目中的CaribbeanSea,NorthAmerican可定位到B段。該段第

3句講到，這里來自加勒比海的動植物與北美本土的物種共享一個生態(tài)，題目

With...American與此意思一致：題目的aimsat…第4句與原文wascreatedto...的

語義一致。

15、ThereareonlytenpercentofwadingbirdsstillexistingintheEverglades.

標準答案：G

知識點解析：文章在D段和G段都有提到wadingbirds,其中G段倒數第3句表明

涉水鳥的數量已經減少了90%,這與題目中的現存的涉水鳥只有10%內容相同，

因此，G段為本題出處,

16、TheBurmesepythonsareasnakespeciesthatoriginatedfromSoutheastAsia.

標準答案：I

知識點解析：根據題干中的Burmesepythons等詞定位到I段，該段第3句中的

nativeto意為''來自于...”，題目中的onginatedfrom與此同義，故選1。

17、MostpeopleprefertovisittheEvergladesinwinter.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據選項中表示季節(jié)的wintc「定位到D段。該段首句的winterseason

isthefavorite表明冬天去Everglades的人最多，很明顯，D為本題答案。

18、TheecosystemoftheEvergladeswasfirstthreatenedbyactionsofcolonialsettlers.

標準答案：F」

知識點解析：根據題目中的ecosystem,threat及settlers可定位到F段。該段第2

句提到美國政府和早期移民的活動都對theEverglades的生態(tài)造成了威脅，其中移

民的活動所造成的威脅比美國政府來得更早，題目中的wasfirstthreatenedby與這

里的說法一致。

19^LocatedinthesouthofMiami,EvergladesNationalParkisthelargestsubtropical

wildnessintheUS.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：根據題目關鍵詞largestsubtropicalwildness定位到A段。該段第2句

表明其距離邁阿密南部有一小時車程，與題目的loeatedin…語義相同，A段第3

句的內容與題目主干一致，故選A。

20、VisitorstotheEvergladesneedtomindthesawgrassbecauseitmaycutthem.

標準答案：C」

知識點解析：根據題干中的sawgrass可定位到C段，該段倒數第3句中的sharp和

saw等詞表明sawgrass像鋸齒一樣鋒利，游客應小心以防被劃傷，故本題選C,

WhichAttributesofaFoodProductareMostImportanttoConsumersA)TheAustralian

stateofVictoriaisinvestinginaprogramtoidentifynewopportunitiesforitsfoodand

agricultureindustries.Aspartofthisinitiativethegovernmentconductedextensive

researchtoidentifywhichattributesofafoodproductarcmostimportanttoconsumers.

Asincomelevelsriseandeducationlevelsimprove,consumersaroundtheworldare

becominginterestedinmorethanjustthepriceandqualityoftheloodtheyeat.Indeed,

someconsumersarenowwillingtopayextramoneyforfoodwithaspecialnutritionalor

healthbenefit.Inaddition,someconsumersarealsochoosingfoodbasedonhowitwas

produced,includingtheenvironmentalandethicalimpactofproduction.Victoria's

DepartmentofPrimaryIndustriesdesignedandresearchedareportthatanalyzes

preferencesforfoodproductswith"trust"attributes,specificallyfoodsafety,cleanfood,

greenfood,animalwelfareandethicalfoodproduction.Thereportalsodeterminesthe

relativeimportanceofthefivenominated"trust"attributesandevaluatestheirimportance

inrelationtonon-trustattiibutes,suchaspriceandquality.B)"Consumersarebecoming

increasinglyinsightfulwhenmakingpurchasingdecisions,andVictoria'sa-bilityto

demonstratethetrustworthinessoffoodproductswillbevitaltomaintainconsumer

confidenceinpriorityexportmarkets,"thereportsays.BetweenFebruaryandJune2004,

theDPIinterviewed280foodindustryshareholders,includingretailers,wholesalers,

foodscn-iccmanagers,importers,distributors,andrepresentativesofgovernment,

industrybodiesandnon-governmentorganizations,in21ofVictoria'smajorfood

markets,includingFrance,Japan,theUKandtheUS.C)Theresearchfound,perhaps

unsurprisingly,thatprice,qualityandfoodsafetywerethemostimportantfactorsfor

consumers,witheachfactorrankedasthemostimportantby18-22%ofrespondents.In

fourthplace,8%ofrespondentsfelttasteflavorwasthemostimportantattributeofa

foodproductforconsumers,while6%thoughtfreshnesswasmostimportant,and3%

thoughttheappearancepackagingwasmostimportant.Healthnutrition,brandimage,

andcleanchemicalfreewereeachconsideredmostimportantbyjust1-2%of

interviewees.D)Ofthefivespecified"trust"factors—foodsafety,cleanfood,green

food,animalwelfareandethicalfoodproduction-foodsafetywasrankedasbeingof

highorveryhighimportancetotheirorganizationby95%ofrespondents.Itisnotjust

consumersthatfoodsafetyisimportantto,asoneJapanesewholesalerobserved"Ithas

takenalongtimetobuildourreputationforreliabilitywithourcustomersandjustone

accidentwouldcauseustoloseeverything,especiallyifconsumersarcharmed."E)

Cleanfoodwasrankedsecondinimportanceamongthespecifiedtrustfactors,with90%

ofrespondentsratingcleanfoodasbeingofhighorveryhighimportancetotheir

organization.However,just63%ofrespondentssaidcleanfoodwasofhighorveryhigh

importancetoconsumers.Thesurveyalsofoundthattherewasregionalvariationinthe

definitionofcleanfood—somerespondentsthoughtitshouldincludeHalalproduction

methods,whileothersthoughtcleanfoodshouldalsobefreeofgeneticallymodified

organisms(GMOs).F)Ethicswasrankedfairlyhighinimportancetoorganizations,but

wasconsideredlessimportantloconsumers.While82%ofrespondentsratedethicsas

beingofhighorveryhighimportancelotheirorganization,just31%consideredethicsto

beofhighorveryhighimportancetoconsumers.Anotherfindingwasthatethics

includedmanyoftheothertrustfactors,asaGermangovernmentrepresentativepointed

out"Thisissuecoversalittleofeverything.Itdependsontheproducerandontheway

people,animalsandtheenvironmentaretreated.Itdependsonpersonalvalues."The

researchersfoundthattheimportanceofethicsvariedaccordingtowhataspectwas

mentioned.Theprovingofclaimsmadeonproductlabelswasconsideredtobeofhigher

importancethanissuessuchasworkers*rights,corporateresponsibilityandlocal

sourcing,becauseitisanissuethathasimpactontheconsumerdirectly.G)Greenfood

wasrankedrelativelylowinimportance,withjust50%ofrespondentsratingitasbeing

ofhighorveryhighimportancetotheirorganization,andjust19%ratingitasbeingof

highorveryhighimportancetoconsumers.Manyrespondentscitedlowconsumer

awarenessandlackofconsumerinterest,andsomesaidtheybelievedconsumerswere

unwillingtopayahigherpriceforgreenfoodproducts,reflectingtheoverallfindingthat

higherimportanceisattachedtofactorsthathasimpactdirectlyonconsumers.H)

"Consumersclaimtowantthechoice,butthecategoryhasbeendisappointing,leadingto

oversup-plyandpricepressuresforhighcostproducers.Pricealwaysseemstofocusthe

Dutchminds,nsaidoneglobalretailerbasedintheNetherlands.Therewasalsosome

variationinopinionsaboutwhatexactlyconstitutesgreenfood,withseveralrespondents

seeingitassynonymouswithorganicproduction.Ofissuesassociatedwithgreenfood,

organicproductionwasseenasthemostimportanttoconsumers,whileimpactonthe

environment,ecosystemhealth,bio-diversityandenvironmentalmanagementpractices

wereratedrelativelylowinimportance.I)Animalwelfarewasanotherlow-ratedtrust

factor,with43%ofrespondentsratingitasbeingofhighorveryhighimportanceto

organizations,andjust15%consideringittobeofhighorveryhighimportanceto

consumers.Again,respondentspointedtolowconsumerawareness,lackofconsumer

interestandanunwillingnesstopayanextracostfor"animalfriendly"products.Many

respondentsalsosaidtherewasagapbetweenwhatconsumerssayandwhattheydo

whenitcomestopurchasingbehaviorrelatedtoanimalwelfareissues."Thisisa

complexissue—itisoflowimportancetoconsumersintermsoftranslationintoaction,

buthighintermsofadiscussiontopic.Agapexistsbetweentheoryandpractice,"saida

representativeofanon-governmentorganizationinIndia.J)However,theimportanceof

animalwelfarecouldberaisediftherewasadirectimpactthatcanbeseenonthe

consumer,forexamplewherehandlingorfeedingadministrationsaffectproductquality

orfoodsafety,asanairlinecateringsupplierinSingaporeillustrated"Animalwelfareis

importantonlyinthatitcontributestothequalityoftheproduct.Thewaytheanimalis

treatedandfediscrucialtothequalityoftheendproduct."K)Overall,respondents

identifiedthatconsumersarcmoreconcernedaboutfactorsthataffectthemdirectly,such

asfoodsafety.Althoughconsumersareconsideredtobegenerallylessconcernedabout

issuessuchasanimalwelfareandenvironmentalmanagementpractices,theseissuesare

notinsignificantastheyassumemuchgreaterimportancewhentheyhavethepotentialto

affectfoodqualityorwhenpublicconcernisheightenedbyspecificinterestgroupsor

mediareports.AccordingtoBobCameron,Victoria'sministerforagriculture,the

government'saimincarryingoutsuchresearchwastodevelopnewapproachesto

improveVictoria'saccesstointernationalmarkets.Itwillbeinterestingtoseehowthis

informationisused,andhowitinfluencesfutureproductdevelopment.

21、Concerningthedefinitionofcleanfood,thesurveyfounditwasvariedamong

differentregions.

標準答案：E

知識點解析:根據本題的信息ihedefinitionofcleanfood,可定位到E段。題中的

variedamongdifferentregions是對E段第3句的regionalvariation同義改寫，故選

Eo

22>Asitwasindicatedbytherespondents,greenfoodwasrankedrelativelylowin

importancebecauseoflowconsumeiawarenessandlackofconsumerinterests.

標準答案：G

知識點解析:根據題中的Iherespondents,rankedrelativelylow等關鍵信息可定位

到G段，該段第1句說明綠色食品的重要性排名相對較低，第2句解釋了原因：

消費者意識不高和缺乏興趣，故選G。

23、Ofissuesassociatedwithgreenfood,consumerstookorganicproductionasthe

mostimportant.

標準答案：H

知識點解析：根據關鍵詞organicproductionnJ'以定位到H段。本題意思與H