必修三Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations單元培優(yōu)綜合測(cè)試卷

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

（2024·河南·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Hereareseveralnot-to-be-missedevents.Markyourcalendar!

FlowersontheMimosaRoute

TheMimosaRoutecovers130kmofwildernessandcoastaltownsinFrance,withstopsandfestivalsin

bloomtohonouraflowerthathasbecomethesymboloftheCoted’Azur.Thisistheperfectopportunityto

discovergardenswiththeirfeetinthewaterortheflowerfloats(花車)ofthecorsos.

*From3to18February

NiceCarnival

Mimosa,roses,liliesthrowntothepublic...TheBattleoftheFlowersisahighlightoftheNiceCarnivaland

anodtothisFrancecity’sgardeninghistory.ThebiggestfestivalontheCoted’Azuralsoincludesacarnival-style

parade,withfloatscompetingincreativity,withdizzyingfiguresuptotwentymetreshigh.Thethemeofthe2024

editionis“PopCulture”.

*From17Februaryto3March

TheMentonLemonFestival

TheprogrammeoftheLemonFestivalinMenton,Franceincludesvariousfloats.For15days,thetown

celebratesitsgoldenfruitwithatouchofmadness.WiththeParisOlympicandParalympicGamesjustafew

monthsaway,the90theditionoftheLemonFestivalpromisestobeagreateventwiththetheme“FromOlympiato

Menton”.

*From17Februaryto3March

TheTraildesMerveilles

TheRoyaValleyinFranceisthesettingfortheTraildesMerveilles,whichstartsinBreil-sur-Roya.Overa

distanceofaround30kilometres,withapositivedifferenceinaltitudeof2,000metres,theracetakescompetitors

alongwildpathswithviewsofthesnow-cappedpeaksoftheMercantourNationalParkandtheMediterraneanSea.

Ashorter,moreaccessible17-kilometreroutewilldelightloversofrunningandbeautifulscenery.Ready,set,go!

*5March

1．WhatisthesignificanceoftheBattleoftheFlowers?

A．Topopularizethetraditionculture.B．Tovoteforthemostcreativefloat.

C．Toprovepeople’spassionforflowers.D．Toshowrespectforthecity’sgardening.

2．Whicheventappealstosportlovers?

A．NiceCarnival.B．TheTraildesMerveilles.

C．FlowersontheMimosaRoute.D．TheMentonLemonFestival.

3．Whatdothesefoureventshaveincommon?

A．Theyarearoundthethemeofflowers.B．Theyareofthesameduration.

C．Theytakeplaceinthesamecountry.D．Theyaretocelebratetheendofwinter.

【答案】1．D2．B3．C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了法國(guó)的幾個(gè)不容錯(cuò)過(guò)的活動(dòng)，旨在吸引讀者對(duì)這些旅游活動(dòng)

的興趣，并鼓勵(lì)他們參與或參觀。

1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章NiceCarnival部分中的“TheBattleoftheFlowersisahighlightoftheNiceCarnival

andanodtothisFrancecity’sgardeninghistory.(TheBattleoftheFlowers是尼斯狂歡節(jié)的一大亮點(diǎn)，也是對(duì)這

座法國(guó)城市園藝歷史的致敬。)”可知，TheBattleoftheFlowers的重大意義是對(duì)這座城市園藝歷史和文化的

尊敬。故選D。

2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TheTraildesMerveilles部分中的“Overadistanceofaround30kilometres,witha

positivedifferenceinaltitudeof2,000metres,theracetakescompetitorsalongwildpathswithviewsofthe

snow-cappedpeaksoftheMercantourNationalParkandtheMediterraneanSea.Ashorter,moreaccessible

17-kilometreroutewilldelightloversofrunningandbeautifulscenery.(比賽全程約30公里，海拔高度為2000

米，參賽者將沿著野生小路行進(jìn)，沿途可以欣賞到梅爾坎圖爾國(guó)家公園白雪皚皚的山峰和地中海。一條更

短、更容易到達(dá)的17公里路線會(huì)讓跑步愛(ài)好者和美麗的風(fēng)景感到高興。)”可知，這個(gè)活動(dòng)是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)距離越

野賽跑，吸引喜歡跑步和美麗風(fēng)景的愛(ài)好者，即體育愛(ài)好者。故選B。

3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章FlowersontheMimosaRoute部分中的“TheMimosaRoutecovers130kmof

wildernessandcoastaltownsinFrance,withstopsandfestivalsinbloomtohonouraflowerthathasbecomethe

symboloftheCoted’Azur.(含羞草之路橫跨法國(guó)130公里的荒野和沿海城鎮(zhèn)，沿途會(huì)有停靠站和慶祝活動(dòng)，

以紀(jì)念這種已經(jīng)成為蔚藍(lán)海岸象征的花。)”，NiceCarnival部分中的“TheBattleoftheFlowersisahighlightof

theNiceCarnivalandanodtothisFrancecity’sgardeninghistory.(TheBattleoftheFlowers是尼斯狂歡節(jié)的一

大亮點(diǎn)，也是對(duì)這座法國(guó)城市園藝歷史的致敬。)”，TheMentonLemonFestival部分中的“Theprogrammeof

theLemonFestivalinMenton,Franceincludesvariousfloats.(法國(guó)芒通的檸檬節(jié)節(jié)目包括各種花車。)”，和The

TraildesMerveilles部分中的“TheRoyaValleyinFranceisthesettingfortheTraildesMerveilles,whichstarts

inBreil-sur-Roya.(法國(guó)的羅亞山谷是Merveilles之路的起點(diǎn)，它始于羅亞河畔布勒。)”可知，這些活動(dòng)都發(fā)

生在法國(guó)的不同地區(qū)，也就是發(fā)生在同一國(guó)家。故選C。

B

（2024·山西太原·一模）Itfeltasifwehadbeenclimbingforhours.Istoppedtocatchmybreathasawave

ofdizzinesssweptovermeinthethinmountainair.Iwasonanamazingtripwithmyfamilytoexperiencethe

festivalofQoyllurRiti,whichtakesplaceat4,300metershighinthesouthernAndesofPeru.

AsIlookedbackdownthetrailwehadclimbed,anduptowardswherewehadtogo,thecolorfulsightstruck

mealot.EntirefamilieswearinglocalcostumesweretravellingtothisuniquefestivalfromalloverPeru.Among

themwereoldmen,motherswithsmallbabiesandchildrenallfollowingthesameroute.Manyofthemhadhorses

anddonkeyscarrytheirfood,blankets,cookingpotsandtents.Othershadmadetheirwayonfootthroughthe

mountainsfordaystoattendthisremarkableevent.

WecontinuedclimbingupwardforanotherhourandahalfbeforereachingtheSinakaraValley.Rightacrossthis

flatpieceofgroundpeoplewereputtingupsheltersandtentstoprotectthemselvesfromthefreezingmistandrain.

Itwasclear,however,fromthesoundofthedrumsandsingingrisingfromthecampsitethattheweatherwasnot

goingtoweakenthefestivalspirit.Theairofexcitement,evenfromourplacemorethanamileaway,waspalpable.

Afterdinner,wewenttobedfullyclothedinsideoursleepingbags.Wewereupearlythenextmorning,the

maindayofthefestival,despitehavingsleptbadlyonthefrozenground.Theukukus,menwearingblackmasks

andcostumes,hadleftthecampsiteintheearlyhourstoclimbthenearestmountainbythelightofthefullmoon.

Fromtimetotimeduringtheprocession,theystoppedtodanceontheglaciers,believingthiswouldbringluck

totheirvillagesfortheyeartocome.Inthedawnlight,wewatchedthemwindingtheirwaybackdownlikealarge

blacksnake.Astheydescended,theywerejoinedbygroupsofdancersinbrighttraditionalcostumes.They

performedwherevertherewasspace.Althoughtheredidnotseemtobeanyoneorganizingthemoranytimetable,

thewholefestivalhadbecomeahugeharmoniouscelebration.

4．Whatdoweknowaboutfamily’sclimbupanddownthetrail?

A．Theyweretootiredtoenjoythesight.

B．Theyregrettedextremelytakingthetrip.

C．Theywerefascinatedbythescenesthere.

D．Theyweregreetedwarmlybylocalpeople.

5．TheunderlinedwordinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto_______.

A．suitableB．endurableC．noticeableD．understandable

6．Whatcanbeinferredfromthefestivalparticipants?

A．Theywerealldressedinplainclothes.

B．Theyweredeterminedtoreachthefestival.

C．Theyonlycontinuedtheirjourneyduringdaylighthours.

D．Theyperformeddancestodemonstratetheirtraditionalcostumes.

7．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A．Ahealthreport.B．Asportsnewspaper.

C．Afashionforum.D．Aculturemagazine.

【答案】4．C5．C6．B7．D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹世界上最高的節(jié)日，QoyllurRit’i這個(gè)節(jié)日在海拔4300米秘魯安第

斯山脈舉行慶?；顒?dòng)。

4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段提到“AsIlookedbackdownthetrailwehadclimbed,anduptowardswherewehadtogo,

thecolorfulsightstruckmealot.”（我回頭看了看我們爬過(guò)的小路，抬頭看了看我們要去的地方，五彩繽紛的

景色深深地打動(dòng)了我。）由此判斷，作者一家在爬山的過(guò)程中被路上美麗的景色打動(dòng)了。故選C。

5．詞義猜測(cè)題。劃線詞前文提到“Itwasclear,however,fromthesoundofthedrumsandsingingrisingfromthe

campsitethattheweatherwasnotgoingtoweakenthefestivalspirit.”（然而，從營(yíng)地傳來(lái)的鼓聲和歌聲中可以

清楚地看出，天氣不會(huì)削弱節(jié)日的氣氛。）作者在很遠(yuǎn)的地方都能夠聽到從營(yíng)地傳出來(lái)的鼓聲和歌聲，說(shuō)明

營(yíng)地里節(jié)日氣氛非常明顯的可以感受到，在很遠(yuǎn)的地方都很清晰。A.suitable適合的；B.endurable可忍受

的；C.noticeable顯而易見的；D.understandable可理解的。C項(xiàng)符合文意，故選C。

6．推理判斷題。第二段提到“Manyofthemhadhorsesanddonkeyscarrytheirfood,blankets,cookingpotsand

tents.Othershadmadetheirwayonfootthroughthemountainsfordaystoattendthisremarkableevent.”（其中有

老人、帶著小孩的母親和孩子，他們都走著同樣的路線。他們中的許多人用馬和驢馱著食物、毯子、炊具

和帳篷。還有一些人花了好幾天的時(shí)間徒步穿過(guò)大山，來(lái)參加這個(gè)非凡的活動(dòng)。）很多人為了參加這個(gè)活動(dòng)

甚至走了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的路，說(shuō)明他們是下定決心要來(lái)參加這個(gè)活動(dòng)。故選B。

7．推理判斷題。第一段提到“IwasonanamazingtripwithmyfamilytoexperiencethefestivalofQoyllurRiti,

whichtakesplaceat4,300metershighinthesouthernAndesofPeru.”（我和我的家人在一次奇妙的旅行中體驗(yàn)

了在秘魯安第斯山脈南部4300米高的地方舉行的QoyllurRiti節(jié)。）并且根據(jù)后文中，作者對(duì)于該節(jié)日的描

寫，判斷本文講述的是世界上不同的文化特色，由此判斷，本文可能出自于文化雜志。故選D。

C

（2024·安徽安慶·二模）TheFeastoftheSevenFishesisanItalian-Americantraditionthatdatesbacktoan

immigration(移民)waveinthe1900s.TheItalianAmericantraditionofthe“FeastoftheSevenFishes”has

appearedinmoviesandrecentlyinthehitshowTheBear.Buttalkingoftheorigin,you’llgetmanydifferent

answers.TheFeastoftheSevenFishesisadeartraditiontomanyItalianAmericanswhoenjoyatleastseven

differentseafooddishesonChristmasEve.

AvastmajorityofItalianimmigrantstotheUnitedStateswerefromruralSouthernItalyattheturnofthe

19thcentury.TheycametoAmericabecausetherewerejobsfrombuildingrailroadstoskyscrapers.Friendsand

familiesfoundsuccessandbroughttheirlovedonestotheU.S.SomesayfishwaschosenfortheFeastbecauseit

wasplentifulforimpoverishedfamiliesinSouthernItaly.OtherssaythesearepresentedItalianAmericans’

connectionbetweentheiroldandnewhomes.

WriteranddirectorRobertTinnellmadeacomicin2004abouthisexperiencewiththeFeastoftheSeven

Fishes,whichhelatermadeintoa2019movie.GrowingupinNorthCentralWestVirginia,hefondlyremembers

hisgreatgrandmotherorganizingtheFeast.Aftershedied,hisgrandfatherandothermeninthefamilytookover.

ThatparticularmanlyactivityissomethingthatthefirstItalianimmigrantswouldhavealsoperformedoutof

necessity:mencametoAmericafirst,withouttheirwivesanddaughters.

However,knowledgeaboutwheretoshop,whentoprepare,howtocook,thehistorybehindthemealand

familytraditionssoonbecametheresponsibilityofmotherstopassdowntotheirdaughters,saysDiGiovine,a

professoratWestChesterUniversityofPennsylvania.Theyarealsolikelytheoneswhohavethefinalsayin

makingchangestorecipes.Overtime,familiesoftenadjustthemenutomakethingseasier,cheaper,moreabundant,

andmoreaccommodatingofdietaryrestrictions.

8．WhatdoweknowabouttheFeastoftheSevenFishes?

A．ItrelatestoastoryofItalians.B．It’smadeupofsevenfishes.

C．Itmarksavitalhistoricevent.D．It’saboutAmericansinItaly.

9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impoverished”inparagraph2probablymean?

A．Needy.B．Unfortunate.C．Extended.D．Uneducated.

10．WhatcanweinferaboutRobertTinnellfromparagraph3?

A．Helovesfishes.B．He’saneditor.

C．He’semotional.D．Heteacheswriting.

11．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．AFish-makingMethodB．AFestivalTradition

C．ACookeryBookD．ASpecialCelebration

【答案】8．C9．A10．C11．B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了意大利裔美國(guó)人的傳統(tǒng)——七魚盛宴的歷史、發(fā)展和相關(guān)知識(shí)。

8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TheFeastoftheSevenFishesisanItalian-Americantraditionthatdatesbacktoan

immigration(移民)waveinthe1900s.”（七魚盛宴是意大利裔美國(guó)人的傳統(tǒng)，可以追溯到20世紀(jì)初的移民浪

潮。）和第二段“AvastmajorityofItalianimmigrantstotheUnitedStateswerefromruralSouthernItalyattheturn

ofthe19thcentury.TheycametoAmericabecausetherewerejobsfrombuildingrailroadstoskyscrapers.Friends

andfamiliesfoundsuccessandbroughttheirlovedonestotheU.S.”（19世紀(jì)初，絕大多數(shù)移民到美國(guó)的意大利

人來(lái)自意大利南部農(nóng)村，他們來(lái)到美國(guó)是因?yàn)槟抢镉袕男藿ㄨF路到摩天大樓的工作，朋友和家人獲得了成

功，把他們的親人帶到了美國(guó)。）可知，七魚盛宴標(biāo)志著一個(gè)重要的歷史事件。故選C。

9．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“AvastmajorityofItalianimmigrantstotheUnitedStateswerefromruralSouthern

Italyattheturnofthe19thcentury.TheycametoAmericabecausetherewerejobsfrombuildingrailroadsto

skyscrapers.”（19世紀(jì)初，絕大多數(shù)移民到美國(guó)的意大利人來(lái)自意大利南部農(nóng)村，他們來(lái)到美國(guó)是因?yàn)槟抢?/p>

有從修建鐵路到摩天大樓的工作。）可知，這些來(lái)自意大利南部農(nóng)村的移民到美國(guó)是因?yàn)槟抢镉泄ぷ?，可?/p>

掙錢，可見他們生活很貧困，結(jié)合劃線詞所在句“SomesayfishwaschosenfortheFeastbecauseitwasplentiful

forimpoverishedfamiliesinSouthernItaly.”（有人說(shuō)，之所以選擇魚作為節(jié)日的食物，是因?yàn)閷?duì)意大利南部的

impoverished家庭來(lái)說(shuō)，魚很豐富。）可知，選擇魚作為食物是因?yàn)閷?duì)這些貧困的家庭來(lái)說(shuō)，大海里有著豐

富的魚，是比較容易獲得的食材，所以impoverished應(yīng)表示“貧困的”。故選A。

10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“WriteranddirectorRobertTinnellmadeacomicin2004abouthisexperiencewith

theFeastoftheSevenFishes,whichhelatermadeintoa2019movie.”（編劇兼導(dǎo)演RobertTinnell在2004年制

作了一部關(guān)于他在七魚盛宴上的經(jīng)歷的漫畫，后來(lái)他在2019年將其拍成了電影。）和“GrowingupinNorth

CentralWestVirginia,hefondlyremembershisgreatgrandmotherorganizingtheFeast.”（他在西弗吉尼亞州中北

部長(zhǎng)大，他深情地記得他的曾祖母組織了這場(chǎng)盛宴。）中的“fondlyremembers”可知，RobertTinnell將他的這

段經(jīng)歷和回憶制作成了漫畫，最后拍成了電影，可見他是一個(gè)情感豐富、很容易動(dòng)感情的人。故選C。

11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“TheFeastoftheSevenFishesisanItalian-Americantraditionthatdatesbacktoan

immigration(移民)waveinthe1900s.”（七魚盛宴是意大利裔美國(guó)人的傳統(tǒng)，可以追溯到20世紀(jì)初的移民浪

潮。）和“TheFeastoftheSevenFishesisadeartraditiontomanyItalianAmericanswhoenjoyatleastseven

differentseafooddishesonChristmasEve.”（七魚盛宴對(duì)許多意大利裔美國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)珍貴的傳統(tǒng)，他們?cè)?/p>

平安夜至少享受七種不同的海鮮菜肴。）以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了一個(gè)節(jié)日傳統(tǒng)——七魚盛宴。

B項(xiàng)“一個(gè)節(jié)日傳統(tǒng)”可以作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。

D

（2024·安徽安慶·三模）Whenitcomestothrivingunderpressure,microbes(微生物)haveussolidlybeat.

NewresearchrevealsthatCarno-bacterium,agenusoftenassociatedwithspoiledmeat,cansuccessfullydivide

andreproduceacrossanenormousrangeofexternalpressures—fromtheequivalentofaverythinatmosphereto

crushingoceandepths.Thisadaptabilityisunknownforanyotherlife-formsonEarth,researchersreportin

Astrobiology.Suchhardinesssuggestsasingleorganismcouldsurviveintotallydifferentenvironmentsthroughout

thesolarsystem.

BasedonpreviousfindingsofvariousCarno-bacteriumstrains(菌群)growingwellathighandlow

pressures,UniversityofFloridamicrobiologistWayneNicholsonandhiscolleaguessystematicallyexamined14

strains’responsestoawidespanofpressureconditions.Theteamfocusedonstrainsisolatednotonlyfrommeat

(includingseafood,chicken,etc.)butalsofromSiberianpermafrost,anAntarcticlakeanddeepwithintheNorth

Pacific’sAleutianTrench.

Inthelaboratory,Nicholsonandhisteamexposedeachstraintopressuresrangingfrom0.01to100times

Earth’satmosphericpressureatsealevel―correspondingtothepressuresonthesurfaceofMarsandinsidethe

liquidwateroceanofJupiter’smoonEuropa,respectively.Theresearchersfoundthat11strainsgrewmeasurablyat

everypressuretested.Veryfewpaststudiesfocusedonhowwellmicrobestoleratearangeofpressures,Nicholson

says,buttheseresultsarenonethelesssurprisinggiventhatmostotherorganismsseemtobefarmore

pressure-sensitive.“HumanshavetroublebreathingonMountEverest,”henotes,“andthat’sabout30percentof

sea-levelatmosphericpressure.“

Otherbacteriahavebeenshowntodowellatcomparablyhighpressures,saysFelipeGómezGómez,an

astrobiologistattheNationalInstituteofAerospaceTechnologyinMadrid,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.But

theseresultsarenovelbecausetheyshowthatthesameCarno-bacteriumstrainscanenduresomuchpressure

variation,hesays:“What’sreallychallengingisthewholerange.”Thesemicrobes’abilitymeanstheycould,for

instance,theoreticallysurviveatvariousdepthsinanalienocean,GómezGómezadds.“Thishasfar-reaching

astro-biologicalimplications.”

12．HowdidWayneNicholsonandhiscolleaguescarryouttheirresearch?

A．Doingasurvey.B．Listingexamples.

C．Makingamodel.D．Doingtests.

13．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?

A．Theresultswerenotsurprisingatall.

B．Researchersfoundthatmanystrainscouldchangeduringpressures.

C．Researchershardlyknewtheorganism’stolerationonpressureinolddays.

D．Theresearchshowedwhymancan’ttakeabreathsmoothlyonMountEverest.

14．What’sFelipeGómezGómez’sattitudetowardstheresearch?

A．Objective.B．Positive.C．Indifferent.D．Critical.

15．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．BacteriaCanSurviveatDifferentDepths.

B．MicrobesWithstandtheSolarSystem’sPressure.

C．AllLife-forms’AdaptationsinPressureAreProved.

D．Carno-bacteriumStrainsHaveThrivedatGreatPressures.

【答案】12．D13．C14．B15．B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文的體裁是說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了一種名為Carno-bacterium的微生物可以在極其廣泛的外部壓力

下成功分裂和繁殖，這種適應(yīng)性在地球上的其他生物中是未知的。研究人員在《天體生物學(xué)》雜志上報(bào)告

說(shuō)，這種堅(jiān)韌性表明單個(gè)生物體可以在太陽(yáng)系的不同環(huán)境中生存。

12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“BasedonpreviousfindingsofvariousCarno-bacteriumstrains(菌群)growingwell

athighandlowpressures,UniversityofFloridamicrobiologistWayneNicholsonandhiscolleaguessystematically

examined14strains’responsestoawidespanofpressureconditions.（佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)的微生物學(xué)家Wayne

Nicholson和他的同事們基于先前對(duì)各種在高、低壓力下生長(zhǎng)良好的肉桿菌菌株的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，系統(tǒng)地檢查了

14種菌株對(duì)廣泛壓力條件的反應(yīng)。）”可知，WayneNicholson和他的同事通過(guò)測(cè)試壓力條件下細(xì)菌的反應(yīng)

來(lái)進(jìn)行他們的研究。選項(xiàng)D與文意相符，故選D。

13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Veryfewpaststudiesfocusedonhowwellmicrobestoleratearangeofpressures,

Nicholsonsays,buttheseresultsarenonethelesssurprisinggiventhatmostotherorganismsseemtobefarmore

pressure-sensitive.（尼科爾森說(shuō)，過(guò)去很少有研究關(guān)注微生物對(duì)一系列壓力的耐受性，但考慮到大多數(shù)其他

生物似乎對(duì)壓力更為敏感，這些結(jié)果仍然令人驚訝。）”可知，過(guò)去很少有研究關(guān)注微生物對(duì)壓力的耐受性，

所以研究人員對(duì)微生物對(duì)壓力的耐受性知之甚少。選項(xiàng)C與文意相符，故選C。

14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Otherbacteriahavebeenshowntodowellatcomparablyhighpressures,says

FelipeGómezGómez,anastrobiologistattheNationalInstituteofAerospaceTechnologyinMadrid,whowasnot

involvedinthestudy.ButtheseresultsarenovelbecausetheyshowthatthesameCarno-bacteriumstrainscan

enduresomuchpressurevariation,hesays:“What’sreallychallengingisthewholerange.”Thesemicrobes’ability

meanstheycould,forinstance,theoreticallysurviveatvariousdepthsinanalienocean,GómezGómezadds.“This

hasfar-reachingastrobiologicalimplications.”（馬德里國(guó)家航空航天技術(shù)研究所的天體生物學(xué)家FelipeGómez

Gómez說(shuō)，其他細(xì)菌已經(jīng)被證明在相當(dāng)高的壓力下表現(xiàn)良好，他沒(méi)有參與這項(xiàng)研究。但這些結(jié)果是新穎的，

因?yàn)樗鼈儽砻鳎嗤娜鈼U菌菌株可以承受如此大的壓力變化，他說(shuō)：“真正具有挑戰(zhàn)性的是整個(gè)范圍?！?/p>

這些微生物的能力意味著它們理論上可以在外星海洋的不同深度生存，GómezGómez補(bǔ)充說(shuō)?！斑@具有深

遠(yuǎn)的天體生物學(xué)意義?！保敝械摹皀ovel”及“challenging”等詞可知，F(xiàn)elipeGómezGómez對(duì)這項(xiàng)研究持積極的

態(tài)度。選項(xiàng)B與文意相符，故選B。

15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“NewresearchrevealsthatCarno-bacterium,agenusoftenassociatedwithspoiled

meat,cansuccessfullydivideandreproduceacrossanenormousrangeofexternalpressures——fromthe

equivalentofaverythinatmospheretocrushingoceandepths.Thisadaptabilityisunknownforanyother

life-formsonEarth,researchersreportinAstrobiology.（新的研究表明，通常與腐肉有關(guān)的肉桿菌屬可以在巨

大的外部壓力下成功分裂和繁殖——從相當(dāng)于非常薄的大氣層到crushingoceandepths。研究人員在《天體

生物學(xué)》雜志上報(bào)告說(shuō)，這種適應(yīng)性在地球上的任何其他生命形式中都是未知的。）”及最后一段“These

microbes’abilitymeanstheycould,forinstance,theoreticallysurviveatvariousdepthsinanalienocean,Gómez

Gómezadds.“Thishasfar-reachingastrobiologicalimplications.”（這些微生物的能力意味著它們理論上可以在

外星海洋的不同深度生存，GómezGómez補(bǔ)充說(shuō)?！斑@具有深遠(yuǎn)的天體生物學(xué)意義。”）”及全文可知，文章

主要講述了肉桿菌屬可以在巨大的外部壓力下成功分裂和繁殖，這種適應(yīng)性在地球上的任何其他生命形式

中都是未知的。選項(xiàng)B與文意相符，故選B。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

（2024·吉林長(zhǎng)春·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Ifyou’veevertriedsomethingbig,thenyou’veprobablyhadtodealwith

doubtatacertainpoint.Nomatterhowoftenyoufaceit,doubtcanbedepressing.16Insituationswhere

doubtarises,considerthesemethodsbelow,andyoucansilencedoubtandputyourbesteffortstowardyourgoals.

·17Doingthisstimulatestherewardcenter,trickingyourmindintofocusingoncompletingthetask

toexperiencetheachievement.Andimaginingdesiredoutcomescanhavepotentialbenefitsincludingimproved

motivationandconfidence.

·Lookbackonpastwins.Reflectingisapowerfulwaytotellyourselfthatyou’recapableofdoingmuch

more.Getridofdoubtbyenteringreflectionmodeandremindingyourselfthatyouarecapableofgettingthings

done.18

·Meditate(冥想)regularly.19Butbymeditatingregularly,youcankeepyourenergylevelshighin

thefaceofchallengesandpressureandstayabovedoubt.Itisapowerfultooltokeepyourmindclearaboutyour

goalsandgetyourdesiredmissionaccomplished.

·Takeactiononyourplans.Asuresignthatself-doubthasyouinitsgraspisthatyouarebeginningtobuy

intotheexcusesyoumake.20Takingactionisthemosteffectivemethodtosilencedoubtwhensensingit.

Don’tletthedoubtholdyouback;useittomotivateyourself.Thenyou’llbefueledtomovetowardyourmission.

A．Visualizesuccess.

B．Buildarewardsystem.

C．Itisabigchallengetostrengthenyourmotivation.

D．Stressandanxietyallowroomforweaknessanddoubt.

E．Itcanalsoweakenyourdeterminationtogetthingsdone.

F．Thiswillultimatelypreventyoufrombeingabletoaccomplishyourgoals.

G．Afterall,thereminderthatyouhaveovercomedoubtisabigconfidenceboost.

【答案】16．E17．A18．G19．D20．F

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要討論了如何處理和克服在追求目標(biāo)過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的懷疑和自我懷疑。

16．空前“Nomatterhowoftenyoufaceit,doubtcanbedepressing.(無(wú)論你多少次面對(duì)它，懷疑都是令人沮喪

的。)”說(shuō)明了懷疑的壞處，空格處也應(yīng)該說(shuō)懷疑的壞處，E選項(xiàng)“Itcanalsoweakenyourdeterminationtoget

thingsdone.(它還會(huì)削弱你完成任務(wù)的決心。)”中的it指代的是doubt，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明了懷疑的壞處，因此承接上

文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

17．空格處是本段主題句，由空后“Andimaginingdesiredoutcomescanhavepotentialbenefitsincluding

improvedmotivationandconfidence.(想象理想的結(jié)果可以帶來(lái)潛在的好處，包括提高動(dòng)力和信心。)”可知，

本段主要講的是要想象理想的結(jié)果，也就是想象成功，A選項(xiàng)“Visualizesuccess.(想象成功。)”概括了本段主

旨，可作為主題句，故選A。

18．空前“Reflectingisapowerfulwaytotellyourselfthatyou’recapableofdoingmuchmore.Getridofdoubtby

enteringreflectionmodeandremindingyourselfthatyouarecapableofgettingthingsdone.(反思是一種告訴自己

你有能力做得更多的有力方式。通過(guò)進(jìn)入反思模式來(lái)擺脫懷疑，提醒自己你有能力把事情做好。)”說(shuō)明了反

思的好處，可以提醒你自己有能力把事情做好，空格處應(yīng)該說(shuō)這樣的提醒的好處，G選項(xiàng)“Afterall,the

reminderthatyouhaveovercomedoubtisabigconfidenceboost.(畢竟，提醒自己已經(jīng)克服了懷疑是一個(gè)極大的

信心提升。)”說(shuō)明了提醒自己克服了懷疑的好處，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

19．空后“Butbymeditatingregularly,youcankeepyourenergylevelshighinthefaceofchallengesandpressure

andstayabovedoubt.(但是通過(guò)定期冥想，你可以在面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)和壓力時(shí)保持精力充沛，并保持懷疑。)”說(shuō)明冥

想可以減輕人的壓力，空格處應(yīng)該提到壓力相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，D選項(xiàng)“Stressandanxietyallowroomforweakness

anddoubt.(壓力和焦慮給軟弱和懷疑留有余地。)”提到了壓力相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，因此引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選

D。

20．空前“Asuresignthatself-doubthasyouinitsgraspisthatyouarebeginningtobuyintotheexcusesyou

make.(自我懷疑的一個(gè)明顯跡象是，你開始相信自己找的借口。)”說(shuō)明了自我懷疑的一個(gè)明顯跡象是你開始

相信自己找的借口，空格處應(yīng)該說(shuō)這種跡象的壞處，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Thiswillultimatelypreventyoufrombeingableto

accomplishyourgoals.(這最終會(huì)阻止你完成你的目標(biāo)。)”說(shuō)明了開始相信自己找的借口的壞處，因此承接上

文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

（23-24高三上·云南·階段練習(xí)）LastyearIattendedtheannualautumnsaffron(藏紅花)harvestfestivalon

atripinItaly,knownasthesagra.GiovanninaSarraandherfamily21meattheirhome.Earlythenext

morning,we22amongthefieldsandparticipatedintheharvest.

Saffron,takenfromthestigmas(柱頭)ofthesaffronflower,isa(n)23crop.Alsocalledredgold,

itisa(n)24fromSpain,firstintroducedintotheregionaroundthe13thcentury.Saffronis25

inthehoursjustbefore26,whilethepetals(花瓣)areclosed.Thishelpsprotecttheirpreciousstigmas

andmakestheflowerseasierto27,especiallypreferredbytheacquirers(收購(gòu)商).Later,onthesame

day,thestigmas—three28stringsperflower—areseparatedfromthepetals.It’sadelicate29

thattakeshourswithaskilledand30hand.Intheevening,overanopenwoodfire,thestringlike

stigmasare31tomakesaffronpowdertoaddtotherichnessofthecolorandtheflavor,whichbrings

considerableincome.

Nowsittingatamouth-wateringplateofRisottoallaMilanese,adishcookedwithsaffron,I32

thefreezingmorningwithSarraandherfamily.There’sno33thatitisthefamiliesliketheSarrasthat

sticktothemany34thathavesurvivedfromgenerationtogeneration.35morepeoplewill

jointhem.

21．A．interviewedB．a(chǎn)ccompaniedC．hostedD．recognized

22．A．fellbehindB．fannedoutC．sataroundD．hungaround

23．A．profitableB．tropicalC．unavailableD．unaffordable

24．A．technologyB．patentC．investmentD．import

25．A．harvestedB．storedC．wateredD．monitored

26．A．noonB．sunriseC．duskD．midnight

27．A．bloomB．tendC．growD．sell

28．A．frozenB．stickyC．tinyD．wet

29．A．objectB．issueC．a(chǎn)dventureD．process

30．A．roughB．carelessC．patientD．sweaty

31．A．boiledB．driedC．friedD．warmed

32．A．recallB．remindC．cherishD．record

33．A．doubtB．evidenceC．reasonD．chance

34．A．wondersB．platformsC．traditionsD．relations

35．A．FortunatelyB．ImmediatelyC．GraduallyD．Hopefully

【答案】21．C22．B23．A24．D25．A26．B27．D28．C29．D30．C

31．B32．A33．A34．C35．D

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者去年在意大利旅行時(shí)參加了一年一度的秋季藏紅花豐收節(jié)，

這是一個(gè)精細(xì)的過(guò)程，需要熟練和耐心的手花幾個(gè)小時(shí)，希望有更多的人像薩拉家庭一樣采摘藏紅花。

21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：GiovanninaSarra和她的家人在他們家招待我。A.interviewed采訪；B.